Qazaqstan BÚÚ-nyng boljamyna sәikes 2045 jyly su tapshylyghyn tartatyn elderding qatarynda túr. Elimizding basym bóliginde su tapshylyghy bayqalady, onyng basty sebebi kóptegen ózender bastauyn ózge elderden alady. Onyng ishinde Qyrghyzstan, Ózbekstan, Qytay men Resey túr.

Transshekaralyq ózender Aqorda ýshin qashanda bas auyrtyp, baltyr syzdatar mәseleler qatarynda bolghan. Tarihy jady túrghysynan ózen suyn sheksiz paydalanu ekologiyalyq apat әkeletinin de kózimiz kórgen halyqpyz. Aralgha qúyatyn ózenderdi shekten tys maqta jәne bau-baqsha sharuashylyghyna paydalanghan Ózbekstan Aral apatyna sebepker boldy. Onyng zardaby orasan. Sonymen jeke qarastyryp kórelik.

Biyligi de, bastauy da Qytaydaghy ózender

Qazaqstandaghy auyz sudyng 70%-gha juyghy shyghys pen ontýstik-shyghys aimaqta ornalasqan. Oghan tauly aimaqtyng kóptigi, búlaqtar mol boluy jәne alyp transshekaralyq ózenderding aghyp jatuy sebepker. Qazaqstan men Qytaydyng arasynda 25 transshekaralyq ózen bar. Onyng ishinde әigili Ertis, Ile. Ertis ózeni qazaq ýshin asa manyzdy. Ol tek shyghysty emes, tútastay shyghys-soltýstik-ortalyq bólikting auyl sharuashylyghy men auyz suyna qoldanyluda. Ile bolsa Balqashty kól statusynda saqtap túrghan ózen. Almaty men Taldyqorghan ónirine kórik berude. Alayda búl ózenderding su mólsheri jyl ótken sayyn azayyp keledi. Sebebi bastauy Qytayda, al Qytay ekonomikasy qaryshtap ósken sayyn ózen suyn paydalanudy arttyruda.

Qytay Shynjang aimaghynyng ekonomikalyq әleuetin arttyru maqsatynda baryn saluda. Iri qúrylystar, jol tóseu men kópirler, ghimarattardy salyp jatyr. Shynjandaghy halyq sanyn ghasyr sonyna deyin 25 mln-nan 100 mln-gha jetkizu jospary bar. Demek sudy paydalanu da 4 ese artady degen sóz. Oghan qarqyndy kóterilip jatqan ekonomikasy men auyl sharuashylyghyn qossaq, Qytay aldaghy tanda ózendegi su beketterining sanyn arttyrady. Qazirding ózinde Qytay tarapynan Ilede 13 beket, al Ertiske 15 beket salynghan. Ár su bógeti salynghan sayyn, ózen suynyng dengeyi tómendeydi. Qazaqstan jyl sayyn Ertis pen Ilening suy azayyp kele jatqanyn aituda, soghan qaramastan Qytay ózenge bógetter saludy, sudy sheksiz paydalanudy azaytar emes. Azaytpaydy da. Nege? Sebebi Qytaygha halyqaralyq zang talaptary boyynsha qysym kórsetu, BÚÚ-gha shaghym jasau joly joq. Qytay BÚÚ-nyng transshekaralyq su kózderine qatysty birde-bir konvensiyasyna qol qoymaghan el. 2001 jyly Qazaqstan men Qytay arasynda memleketaralyq su resurstaryn tiyimdi paydalanu turaly birqatar kelisimderge qol qoyyldy. Jiyrma jyl uaqyt ótkennen keyin, ol kelisimderding dúrys iske aspay otyrghanyna kózimiz jetude.

Qazaqstan Balqash taghdyryna alandaydy. Ile ózenining su dengeyi tórtinshi jyl qatarynan týsude. Búl Balqash ýshin Aral tenizining kebin kiii mýmkin degendi bildiredi. Yaghny taghy bir ekologiyalyq apat oryn aluy mýmkin. Balqash manynda Qazaqstan jolbarysty qazaq dalasyna әkelu baghdarlamasyn iske asyruda. Oghan milliondar bólinip, arnayy qoryq jasaluda. Jolbarysqa azyq bolatyn búghy, qaban, qaraqúiryq ósirilude. Qamystyng qalyng ósuin de qarastyryp jatyr. Alayda Ile suy azayyp, Balqash kóli tartyla bastasa búl baghdarlamanyng iske asuy ekitalay. Sondyqtan da Qazaqstan Qytaymen transshekaralyq ózender mәselesin retteuge mýddeli. Búl biz ýshin auaday qajet kelisimderding biri.

Jayyqtyng boyy endi su...

«Jayyqtyng boyy endi su» dep jyrlap edi kezinde er Mahambet. Býginde Mahambet batyr jyrgha qosqan súlu Jayyq joq, suy tartylyp, qúty qashty. Qazaqstan men Resey Jayyq ózenin saqtau boyynsha kelisimder jasasty. «Jayyq ózenining ekojýiesin saqtau jәne qalpyna keltiruding 2021-2024 jyldargha arnalghan baghdarlamasyn» qabyldady. Ol boyynsha ózen suyn kelise otyryp paydalanu, ony qalpyna keltiru mәselesi kóterilgen. Degenmen kelisimge qaramastan 2023-2024 jyldary Resey Orynbor manayynda su saqtaytyn bóget salmaq. Bóget sózsiz ózenning su dengeyin týsirip jibereri anyq. Búl Kaspiyge qúyatyn iri ózen bolghandyqtan, Kaspiyding su dengeyine de, ekojýiesine de orasan zor soqqy bolmaq. Qazirding ózinde Jayyqtyng suy azayghan.

Tegi bir, suy bólek

Jambyl oblysynyng jyl sayynghy mәselesi auyl sharuashylyghyna paydalanatyn su tapshylyghy. Oblys sharualary bau-baqsha ónimderimen qatar, mal sharuashylyghynyng da artta qaluyna dәl osy mәsele әser etude deydi. Talas-tartys Qazaq handyghynyng qazyghy qaghylghan Shu men Talas ózendiri ayasynda órbiydi. Bastauyn Qyrghyzstannan alatyn búl ózenderdi kórshimiz óz sayasatyna paydalanyp keledi. Jazda sudy jibermey, bógep, qysta kerisinshe ashyp jiberip, әbigerge saldy. 2001 jyly Qyrghyzstan sudy tauar retinde baghalaytyn zandy qabyldady. Ol boyynsha sudy kórshiles elderge satugha bolady. Atalmysh zang keyinnen Tәjikstanda da qabyldanyp, olar da ózen suyn satudy algha tartty. Osylaysha Ortalyq Aziyada Tәjikstan men Qyrghyzstan qazaq, ózbek pen týrkimenge sudy saudalap keledi. Qazaqstan men Qyrghyzstan arasynda Shu men Talas ózenderin ortaqtasa paydalanu boyynsha birneshe kelisimder jasaldy. Kelisimderding ishine tek su emes, elektr energiyasyn satyp alu da jatady. Búl eki elding kelisimi aimaqtaghy ózge elder arasynda paydalanyluy mýmkin. Sebebi qyrghyz-ózbek, ózbek-tәjik, tәjik-qyrghyz arasynda jer dauynan bólek, su dauy da bar.

Qazaqstan men Ózbekstan 1998 jyly Syrdariyanyng suyn paydalanu boyynsha kelisimge kelgen edi. Endigi tanda eki el arasynda Shyrshyq, Keles, Ógem ózenderin paydalanu boyynsha kelisimder jasalmaq. Qazaqstandyq tarap Tashkentting kez kelgen sugha qatysty sheshimdi ózara kelisim ayasynda jýzege asyruyn talap etude. Sebebi «Sardoba» bógetining jaryluy bizding elimizge kýtpegen apat әkeldi.

Transshekaralyq ózender qashanda qysym kýshi bolyp tabylady. Adam sany artyp, auyz su mólsheri azayghan sayyn, su ýshin talas-tartys kóbeye bermek.

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