Qazaq halqy óz tarihynyng qay kezeninde bolmasyn eng bir qiyn-qystau zamandar men tyghyryqqa tirelgen kýnderde ataqty handary men súltandaryn, qara qyldy qaq jaryp, әdil biylik aitatyn biylerin, qan maydandarda qol bastaytyn batyrlaryn, eldi úiytyp, ruhany jaghynan tәlim-tәrbie beretin ruhany kósemder – sopy, әuliye, ishandardy shygharyp otyrghan. Keybir osynday túlghalar býkilhalyqtyq dengeyge kóterilip, olardyng is-әreketteri men qyzmetteri el esinde úmytylmastay saqtalyp qalsa, keybir túlghalardyng qoghamdyq qyzmetteri aimaqtyq dengeyde bolyp, olar sol ónirlerdegi halyqtyng jadynda jattalyp qalady. Osynday aimaqtyq dengeydegi túlghalardyng birine, biz sóz etkeli otyrghan – Tileuqúl ishan jatady. Tileuqúl ishannyng ghúmyry qazaq әdebiyetinde «zar zaman» degen ataumen, qazaq tarihynda Reseyding Qazaqstandy otarlauynyng jәne kenestik jýiening ornyghuy, kýshengi degen ataumen belgili bolghan HIH gh. ekinshi jartysy men HH ghasyrdyng alghashqy 30 jyldyghy arasynda ótedi. Al qoghamdyq qyzmeti Syrdyng tómengi aghysy boyy, Aral tenizining soltýstik-shyghys, soltýstik jәne soltýstik-batys ónirleri men Aqtóbe, Shalqar aumaqtarynda qonys tepken Kishi jýzding alty ata Álim, onyng ishinde Qarakesek taypasynyng rulary arasynda jýredi. Ishannyng ómir joly men qoghamdyq qyzmetterin sóz etpes búryn, aldymenen, HIH ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysy men HH ghasyrdyng basyndaghy jogharyda atalghan aimaqtardyng jalpy jaghdayyna qysqasha bolsa da toqtalyp ótelik.

Qazaq halqy óz tarihynyng qay kezeninde bolmasyn eng bir qiyn-qystau zamandar men tyghyryqqa tirelgen kýnderde ataqty handary men súltandaryn, qara qyldy qaq jaryp, әdil biylik aitatyn biylerin, qan maydandarda qol bastaytyn batyrlaryn, eldi úiytyp, ruhany jaghynan tәlim-tәrbie beretin ruhany kósemder – sopy, әuliye, ishandardy shygharyp otyrghan. Keybir osynday túlghalar býkilhalyqtyq dengeyge kóterilip, olardyng is-әreketteri men qyzmetteri el esinde úmytylmastay saqtalyp qalsa, keybir túlghalardyng qoghamdyq qyzmetteri aimaqtyq dengeyde bolyp, olar sol ónirlerdegi halyqtyng jadynda jattalyp qalady. Osynday aimaqtyq dengeydegi túlghalardyng birine, biz sóz etkeli otyrghan – Tileuqúl ishan jatady. Tileuqúl ishannyng ghúmyry qazaq әdebiyetinde «zar zaman» degen ataumen, qazaq tarihynda Reseyding Qazaqstandy otarlauynyng jәne kenestik jýiening ornyghuy, kýshengi degen ataumen belgili bolghan HIH gh. ekinshi jartysy men HH ghasyrdyng alghashqy 30 jyldyghy arasynda ótedi. Al qoghamdyq qyzmeti Syrdyng tómengi aghysy boyy, Aral tenizining soltýstik-shyghys, soltýstik jәne soltýstik-batys ónirleri men Aqtóbe, Shalqar aumaqtarynda qonys tepken Kishi jýzding alty ata Álim, onyng ishinde Qarakesek taypasynyng rulary arasynda jýredi. Ishannyng ómir joly men qoghamdyq qyzmetterin sóz etpes búryn, aldymenen, HIH ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysy men HH ghasyrdyng basyndaghy jogharyda atalghan aimaqtardyng jalpy jaghdayyna qysqasha bolsa da toqtalyp ótelik. Sonda ghana biz, «zar zaman» dәuiri men otarlyq ezgining kýshengine qarsy túra alatyn, eldi shashyratpay úiyta biletin, otarlaudyng bir bóligi bolyp sanalghan shoqyndyru sayasatyna ruhany birlik pen imandylyqty tosqauyl etip, tu etken túlghalardyng tarih minberine kóteriluining zandylyghyn kóre alamyz.
Reseyding Qazaqstandy otarlaugha baghyttalghan sayasaty HVIII ghasyrdyng 30-shy jyldarynan bastau alyp, ol HIH ghasyrdyng ortasyna taman birneshe kezennen ótedi de, birneshe aspektini qamtidy. Oghan sayasy otarlau, әkimshilik otarlau, ekonomikalyq otarlau sekildi aspektiler jatady. HIH ghasyrdyng birinshi jartysynda múnday otarlyq sayasatqa qarsy kóterilister men qozghalystardyng bolghany barshagha mәlim. Al HIH ghasyrdyng 60-shy jyldarynyng ortasynda Resey Qazaqstandy baghyndyrudy tolyghymen ayaqtap, ekonomikalyq otarlaudy odan әri kýsheytedi de, otarlaudyng kelesi bir týri – ruhany otarlaudy jýzege asyrugha kirise bastaydy. Ekonomikalyq otarlaugha – jaqsy jayylymdar men shúrayly jerlerden aiyrylu, kósh-qon baghyttaryn ózgertu, әrtýrli sipattaghy tyiym salular, salyqtardyn, mindetkerlikterding san jaghynan da, kólem jaghynan da ósui jәne t.b. jatady. Múnyng bәrining qazaq halqy ýshin qanshalyq auyr bolghanyn sózben aityp jetkizu óte qiyn. Al ruhany otarlau – qazaq halqynyng halyq retinde ómir sýruine óte qauip tughyzghan, otarlaudyng eng bir súrqiya, qauipti týri boldy. Oghan jergilikti qazaqtardy әrtýrli aila-tәsildermen (onyng ishine ýrkitu, qorqytu, kýshteu, qinau, qorlau, zorlau, jәbirleu de kiredi) shoqyndyru, yaghny hristian dinine kirgizu, qazaq dalasynda hristian dinin taratu, shirkeuler salu, orys tilinde oqytatyn mektepter ashyp, oghan qazaq balalaryn tartu, qazaq halqynyng dәstýrli dini – islam dinine qysymshylyq jasau, meshitter men medreselerding ashyluyna kedergi keltiru, qazaq tilin kemsitu jәne t.s.s. is-әreketter aila-sharghylar jatady. Osy kezendi sipattaytyn tarihy derekter HVIII gh. sony – HIH ghasyrda Orynbor ólkesinde osy ruhanilyq otarlaudyng ong nәtiyje bere bastaghanyn kórsetedi. HIH ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysynda ruhany otarlau endi býkil qazaq dalasynda josparly týrde jýzege asyryla bastaydy.
Mine, osynday qazaq júrty ýshin tyghyryqqa tirelgen, qiyn-qystau kezende Syr boyy men Aral manyndaghy jergilikti halyqtyng birligin saqtap, shoqyndyrugha qarsy әreket – imandylyqty kýsheytuge Jýrsin úly Tileuqúl ishan óz ýlesin qosady.
Ishannyng shyghu-tegine kelsek, ol bylaysha tarmaqtalady. Kishi jýzdegi alty ata Álim dep atalatyn taypalar birlestigindegi alty taypanyng biri – Qarakesek taypasy Esil jәne Tobyl (Qazanteber) atty eki qanatqa bólinetindigi belgili. Osy Esil óz ishinde Ýngit jәne Jolay atty eki taypalyq bólimge jikteledi de, Ýngitten – Estek, Tabanshy jәne Jaqau atty ýsh taypalyq bólimshe bólinip shyghady. Tileuqúl ishan osy Jaqau taypalyq bólimshesinen taralady. Reti kelgende aita ketelik, el auzyndaghy tarihy anyz-әngimelerde Jaqaudy batyr, Qaraqypshaq Qobylandy batyrdyng tughan jiyeni dep aitady. Tipti, keybir shejireler Jaqau batyrdy – «han Jaqau» dep te jazady. Qazaq batyrlarynyng keybireuleri shejireshiler men anyz-әngimelerde «han» degen lauazymmen berilip jatatynyn talay ret kezdestirgenbiz. Qazirgi kezde sol batyrlar turaly júmys jazghan aghayyndar negizgi keyipkerlerining erlik isterin bayanday kele, qyzdy-qyzdymen olardy han bolghan dep jazyp ta, aityp ta jiberedi. Ony oqyghan, ne tyndaghan adamnyng oiy san jaqqa shashyrap ketetinin aitpasaq ta biluge bolady. Resmy qazaqtyng hany bolyp túryp, batyrlar qalay han taghyn iyelengen? - degen zandy súraq kimdi de bolsa mazalaytyny anyq. Sol sebepti de «han Jaqau» dep kezdesetin sózderge qatysty týsindirme bere ketelik. Búrynghy zamandarda da, qazirgi kýnderde de erlik jasaghan adamdardyng memleket basshysy tarapynan marapattalatyny belgili. Qazirgi kezdegi marapattaudyng týrleri belgili, al Qazaq handyghy dәuirinde onyng qanday týrleri bolghan desek, oghan biz, hannan shapan kii, qaru alu, oljanyng kóp bóligin nemese qalaghanyn alu siyaqty týrlerin jatqyzamyz. Al shayqastyng sheshushi tústarynda ýlken erlik jasap, shayqastyng jenispen ayaqtaluyna enbek sinirgen qolbasshy-batyrlar han tarapynan arnayy marapattalyp otyrghan. Sonday arnayy marapattyng eng qúrmettisine – hannyng erlik jasaghan qolbasshy-batyrdy bir sәtke taqqa syilap otyrghyzuy jatady. Múnday syi-marapatqa ekining biri ie bola bermegen, sol sebepti de taqqa otyru qúrmetine ie bolghan batyrlardy keyinnen han bolghan dep úrpaqtary maqtan etip otyratyn bolghan. Tileuqúl ishannyng arghy atasy Jaqau batyr da erlikteri ýshin taqqa otyru qúrmetine ie bolyp, «han Jaqau» atanyp ketken.
Shejirelerde Jaqaudyng birneshe әieli bolyp, olardan toghyz úl tuylghan delinedi. Olar: Tinibek, Jaqsylyq, Aman, Týmen, Noghay, Shonay, Qasabolat, Malaysary jәne Shoy atty atalar. Osy toghyz ata Jaqau taypalyq bólimshesine jatatyn segiz rugha týpata bolyp sanalady. Tileuqúl ishan Malaysary ruynan ósip-ónedi.
Malaysary ruy óz ishinde Qoysary, Pishay, Qalmatay jәne Qarajan (Abaqan) bolyp tórt rulyq bólimge jikteledi. Qalmatay bóliminen Nauryzbay, Qarabas, Núr, Sәmen, Bәsim, Sholan jәne Baykisi atty bólimsheler taralyp shyghatynyn jergilikti jerlerdegi shejireshilerding bәri bir auyzdan maqúldaydy. Qarabas bólimshesinen Aqpan, Jiyenbet jәne Kýnbaraq atty ýsh ru әuleti boy kóteredi de, Kýnbaraqtan – Kelimbet jәne IYgilik atty eki әulet tarmaghy qanat jayady. Kelimbetten Ótegen jәne Jýrsin, al Jýrsinnen Tileuqúl ishan jalghyz ósedi. Ishannyng әkesi Jýrsin óz zamanynyng bilimdar ghúlamasy bolghan. Onyng denesi Qyzylorda oblysy, Qazaly audany, Kәukey eldi mekeni janyndaghy qorymda jerlengen. Qazirgi kezde jergilikti túrghyndar onyng qabirine týnep, ziyarat etip jatady.
Tileuqúl ishan 1854 jyly Qazaly audany, Kәukey auylynda dýniyege kelgen. Onyng naghashysy ataqty Qojanazar ishan, Jannazar ishan eken. Qojanazar ishannyng esimi Aral, Shalqar, Qazaly, Terenózek jaqtaghy túrghyndargha jaqsy mәlim. Ol óz kezinde Shómekey taypasynan shyqqan Shalqar ishannyng úrpaghy Maymaq ishanmen zamandas bolghan. Qazirgi kýnderde Qazaly qalasyndaghy meshit Qojanazar ishannyng esimimen atalady. Shejire boyynsha Qojanazar ishan da Jaqau taypalyq bólimshesindegi Tinibek ruynan taralady. Tinibekten – Tiles, odan Atan, odan Toghan, odan Oraq, odan Artyqbay, al Artyqbaydan Qojanazar ishan dýniyege kelgen. Osy jerde Tileuqúl ishannyng naghashysy Qojanazar ishan jóninde el arasynda taraghan kóptegen әngime-anyzdardyng bir-ekeuin K.R. Rayymbaevtyng kitabyndaghy materialdargha sýiene otyryp, oqyrmandar nazaryna úsynudy jón kórip otyrmyz.
«Qojanazar meshitte músylmansha oqyp jýrgeninde óte talantty bolyp, oqugha erekshe alghyrlyghymen kózge týsedi, qatar balalarynan ozyq oqidy. Auyl meshitinen oqyp, biraz bilim alghannan keyin әkesi Búharada oqityn balalar tobyna qosyp jiberedi. Ol sondaghy diny jogharghy oqu ornynda 6-7 jyl tereng bilim alyp ýlken diny ghúlama bolyp elge oralady.
Qojanazar elge kelgen song óz auylynda Syrdariya ózenining jaghasynan ýlken etip qysh kirpishten meshit ýiin saldyrady. Kólemdi jerdi qorshap oghan tal, terek, qayyn, alma, órik taghy basqa jemis-jiydek otyrghyzyp kógertedi.
Syrdariyanyng eki betindegi balalardyng barlyghy osy Qojanazar meshitine kelip oqyp músylmansha dәiekti týrde bilim alyp, auyldaryna baryp molda bolyp, meshit ústap, bala oqytady. Ol kisi naghyz halyq qamqorshysyna ainalghan.

«Ólini – jebep, tirini demep» otyrady eken.
1905 jyl shamasynda Qojanazar ishangha orta jýzden Bәribay degen baylyghy mol kisi kelip, mening jeti atamnan beri qaray, ólgenderimizdi jerlegennen son, kórbaq jep qúrta berdi. Sodan qútylu ýshin Sizding elge kóship kelip, Sizding manayynyzda bolugha rúqsat etiniz. Sizding sauabynyz tiyer. Sol bәleden qútylar ma ekenmin? deydi. Ishannyng rúqsatymen Bóribay kóship kelgesin Syrdariyanyng jiyegindegi Qojanazar ishan meshitinen bir shaqyrymday jerden qysh kirpishten ýlken ýi-jay saldyrady. Ol әli búzylghan joq. Bóribay ólgesin sol ýy tamgha jayghastyrady, eki-ýsh kýn ótkende, Qojanazar ishan meshitte namaz oqyp otyrghanda ong qolyn ong jaghyna siltey qalady. Namaz bitkesin moldalar ne boldy dep súraghanda «Keldi әlgi pәle Bóribaygha» depti. Ýy tamgha kelgender kórbaqtyng bel ortasyna deyin qazyp kirgen jerinde eki bólinip qalghanyn kóredi. Qojanazardyng beyiti de sol ýy tamnan 100 metrdey jerge salynghan. Qojanazar kórip keldi, әruaqty adam bolghan. Jyndanghan, talma aurulardy, basqa da týrli auru ekenin, neshe adam, ne oilap kele jatqandaryn bilip otyrghan. Kelgenderdi emdep sauyqtyrady. Áli kýnge deyin onyng beyitine auyrghandar baryp týneydi, basynda týneu qanasy bar. Qojanazar ishannyng Mekkeden alghan shatyrhaty bar.
Qojanazar Búharadaghy dini joghary oqudy bitirgen qúrmetti, óte syily adam bolghan. Tirisinde Mekkege ýsh ret qajylyqqa barghan. 1. 1874 jyly, 2. 1910 jyly, 3-ret 1916 jyly barghan. Mekke jolyndaghy songhy saparynan qaytyp kele jatyrghanda 1916 jyly qaraqshylar mauyzdap ketken ýstinde jolaushy kirekeshter tauyp alghan, jýirik túlparyna qyzyqqan qaraqshy atyp minip ketken eken. Jolaushy kirekeshter Qojanazardyng moynyn baylap, qanyn tiyp jolgha alyp jýredi. Qojanazar ishan olargha: - Qaraqshy úzamasa kerek edi, - degen eken. Aytqanynday bir tóbeden assa qaraqshy ólip jatyr, jýirik at ertoqymy, artyndaghy kitap salghan qorjyny da týp-týgel jayylyp jýr eken. Kirekeshter Qojanazar ishangha qúrmet etip, tanymasa da әulie adam depti.
Ol 1897 jyly Janaqazaly qystaghyndaghy qazirgi Qojanazar ishan meshitin saldyrady. Búl meshit kýni býginde audan ortalyghyndaghy birden bir músylman meshiti bolyp túr. Qazir múnda balalar músylmansha oqyp, arab tilinde dәris aluda. Kenestik dәuirding qylshyldaghan kezinde Qojanazar ishan meshitin japtyru jóninde tapsyrma beriledi. Biraq sol kezderi Qazaly audanynyng týlegi, Qojanazar ishannyng inisining balasy Rysaly sol kezdegi azamat soghysy batyrlarynyng biri óte bedeldi el aghasy edi. Meshitting diny nasihat taratpay músylmandyq rәsimderdi ghana oryndauyna bolatyndyghyna jogharghy basshylardan Moskvadan rúqsat alady».
Jalpy, Qojanazar ishannyng ómiri men qoghamdyq qyzmeti, diny kózqarastary arnayy týrde zertteudi qajet etedi. Bolashaqta onday zertteu júmystary jýrgiziledi degen oidamyz.
Al Jannazar ishangha kelsek, ol 1878-1974 jj. ómir sýrgen, Aral, Qazaly, Shalqar, Aqtóbe ónirlerine belgili iri ruhany túlgha. Jannazar ishan 1904 jyly Aral audanyna qarasty Qambash beketinde salynghan meshitke imam bolyp kóp jyldar qyzmet etken. 1943-60 jj. aralyghynda Aqtóbe qalasyndaghy ortalyq meshitte bas imam bolghan. Ýlken aghasy Qojanazar ishan sekildi, Jannazar ishan da әuliyelik, kóripkeldik qasiyetterge ie bolyp, әrtýrli auru-syrqaulardy, aiyqpas dertke shaldyqqan jandardy, tipti, bala kótere almay nemese balasy túrmay jýrgen әielderdi emdegen. Tileuqúl ishannyng tughan naghashylary mine, osynday býkil elge tanymal túlghalar bolghan.
Endi Tileuqúl ishangha qayta oralalyq.

<!--pagebreak-->
Onyng әkesi Jýrsin de, naghashysy Qojanazar ishan da әri tekti, әri bilimdi, әri imandy adamdar bolghandyqtan Tileuqúl ishan da jas kezinen tektilik, imandylyq jolyn tandaydy. Ishannyng din jolyna týsui men diny bilimder aluyna Qojanazar ishan kóp yqpal jasaghan sekildi. Qay jyldary ekeni belgisiz, ishan diny bilimdi Búqara qalasyndaghy medreselerding birinde alady. Tereng bilimine say ishan atanyp, tughan ólkesine 1880 jyldargha taman oralady da, jergilikti halyq arasynda imandylyqty, әdildik pen turashyldyqty uaghyzdap, tәlim-tәrbie jýrgize bastaydy. Búghan deyin aityp ótkenimizdey, HIH gh. songhy shiyregi jәne odan keyingi HH ghasyrdyng basy Reseyding qazaq jerinde ruhany otarlaudy әbden kýsheytken kezi bolatyn. Oghan qarsy qaruly kóterilisterding nege alyp kelgeni belgili. Ruhany otarlaugha qarsy qoyatyn, oghan tosqauyl bola alatyn birden-bir әreketke Tileuqúl ishan halyqtyng birligi pen yntymaghyn, ruhanilyghy pen imandylyghyn, tipti otyryqshylyq ómirge kóshudi jatqyzady. Tuyp-ósken aghayyndarynyng basqa dinge enip ketpeui ýshin, músylmanshylyq pen qazaqshylyqtan aiyrylmauy ýshin ol bar kýsh-jigeri men alghan bilimin júmsaydy.
Ishannyng el arasynda jýrgizgen qoghamdyq qyzmetin bir-birimen tyghyz baylanysty ýsh salagha, ýsh baghytqa bólip qaraugha bolady. Birinshi baghyt – diny tәrbiye, bilim beru jәne ony úiymdastyru; ekinshi baghyt – otyryqshy ómirge eldi mashyqtau; ýshinshi baghyt – ghylymmen ainalysyp, halyqty әr týrli auru-syrqaulardan emdeu әdisteri men tәsilderine sipattama beru, olardy qoldanu jәne әrtýrli ósimdik týrlerinen dәri-dәrmek jasau bolghan.
Birinshi baghyttaghy qyzmetine toqtalsaq, Tileuqúl ishan oquyn bitirip kelgen son, eldegi jaghdaydy kóre kele, әueli Syrdyng tómengi aghysy boyyndaghy túrghyndar arasynda meshit ashyp, eldi imandylyqqa, ruhanilyqqa tәrbiyeley bastaydy. Onyng búl ónirdegi qyzmeti birneshe jyldargha sozylady. HIH gh. sonynda Malaysary ruyna qarasty rulyq bólimder men bólimsheler Syr boyynan Shúbargha qaray kóship, qonystanady. El qonystanyp bolghannan keyin, HH gh. basynda Aral tenizining soltýstik-batys jaghyndaghy Malaysary ruynyng Qoysary, Pishay, Qalmatay jәne Qarajan rulyq bólimderi qonys tepken Ýshkól, Sarbasat, Aqespe degen eldi-mekenderge arnap meshit saludan bastaydy. Meshitke qajetti qúrylys materialdaryn ózi tandap, rettep, shalghaydaghy alys jerge jetkizudi qadaghalaydy, úiymdastyrady. Meshitting ózin búlaq kózine jaqyn saldyryp, irgesi men janyna әrtýrli aghashtar egip, kógaldandyrady. Sóitip, meshitti tek diny ortalyq qana emes, sol manaydaghy túrghyndar ýshin tazalyqtyn, bilimnin, ruhanilyqtyn, aghartushylyqtyn, әdemilik pen kórkemdikting ýlgisine ainaldyrady, meshit janynan jas balalargha diny sauat ashu ýshin oqu júmysyn jolgha qoyady.
Kóz kórgen adamdardyng aituy boyynsha meshitting ornalasqan jeri bylaysha suretteledi: «Meshitti jerasty suynyng mol qory bar jardyng baurayyna ornalastyruynda da bilimdilik qasiyet jatyr. Sol aradan búlaq kózin ashtyryp, qúdyq qazdyryp, sekseuilmen shegendep, jiyegin taspen kómkeripti. Manyna sayaly aghashtar otyrghyzyp, namazhandar sayalar baq jasaghan». Ysmaghúl esimdi tatar jigitin Qazan jaqtan shaqyrtyp, balalardy oqytugha júmyldyrady. Ondabay Oralbayúlynyng «Tileuqúl ishan» atty qoljazbasynda әkesi Oralbay Dosjanúlynyng ishan meshitinde bala kezinde qalay oqyghandyghy bayandalady. Onda bylay dep aitylghan: «1910 jyldary 8 jasar kezimde Tileuqúl ishan meshitinde oqyp, sauat ashtym. Ókinishtisi – 1929 jyly «qyzyl sayasattyn» qaulysymen sol meshitti búzyp, «Qazaqstan» kolhozyna kense salugha úigharyldy». Jastayynan ishannyng tәlim-tәrbiyesin alghan kóptegen jas balalar eseye kele, din jolyna týspese de, keshegi «kemeldengen sosializm» dәuirinde, býkil sayasat dindi jamandap, dinsiz «kommunizm» qúrylysyn qúrugha ýgit-nasihat júmystaryn barlyq aqparat qúraldary arqyly jýrgizip jatqanda, keshegi Tileuqúl ishannyng shәkirtteri, keyingi әr auyldyng aqsaqal qariyalary auyzdarynan «Alla», «payghambar», «bissmilla», «jaratqan iyem» degen sózderdi bir tastaghan emes. Elding birligi men tútastyghyn sol aqsaqaldar qalay saqtaudy ishannan ýirenedi, tek ýirenip qalmay, ony jýzege de asyryp otyrady. El ishinde mynaday bir әngimeni estigenbiz. Keshegi 1941-45 jyldardaghy soghys kezinde jasy әsker qataryna jetpegen 14-16 jasar balalardy «enbek armiyasyna» alyp, zauyt-fabrikalarda tegin júmys istetkenin qazir bireu bilse, bireu bilmeydi. Sol jastardyng keybireui soghystan keyin ózge últtan әielder alyp, elge qaytpay qalyp qoyady. Tipti soghystan keyin de әsker qataryna shaqyrylghan jastardyng da keybiri elge qaytpay Resey, Ukraina, Belorussiya jerlerinde ýili-barandy qalyp qoysa kerek. Mine, osy kezderde Tileuqúl ishannan tәlim-tәrbie alghan aqsaqaldar eldin, halyqtyng birligin saqtap qalu ýshin, ata-baba jolyn odan әri jalghastyru ýshin sol kezding qiyndyqtaryna qaramastan, shette qalyp qoyghan jas jigitterdi arttarynan izdep baryp, elge alyp keledi. Osynyng ózi-aq Tileuqúl ishannyng jastargha egip ketken tәrbiyesining bir nәtiyjesi deuge bolady. Ishannyng osy baghyttaghy júmysynyng ózi úshan-teniz. Onyng ózin jeke bir taqyryp retinde arnayy qarastyrugha bolady deymiz.
Tileuqúl ishannyng jergilikti jerde jýrgizgen qoghamdyq júmysynyng ekinshi baghytyna – otyryqshyldyq pen eginshilik júmystaryna eldi bauluy jatady. Ol «Jiydelisay» degen saydy bógep, «Domalaq kólge» su toltyrady da, egin egudi úiymdastyrady. Sonyng arqasynda jergilikti halyq qauyn-qarbyzgha jәne astyq ónimderine qaryq bolyp qalady. Búryn saudagerlerge jәutendep qaraytyn ishannyng aghayyn-tuystary eginshilikting paydasyn kórip, ózderi de onymen ainalysa bastaydy. Kezinde ishan jasatqan bógetting orny әli kýnge deyin bar, saqtauly. Tenizding soltýstik-batys jaghynda qonystanghan Qarakesek rulary birte-birte otyryqshylyqqa bet búra bastaydy.
Ishannyng qoghamdyq júmystarynyng kelesi bir baghytyna – onyng ghylymy aghartushylyq qyzmeti jatady. Ishannyng býkil jinaghan kitaptary men qoljazba enbekteri 1937-1939 jyly ol ústalyp ketkende meshit ishindegi sahanagha salynady. Q.Ysmaghúlúly ol jóninde «Basyna tóngen qauipti erte sezgen qasiyet iyesi bar baylyghyna balaghan dýniyesi: arab, parsy, týrik tilderinde jazylghan iygiligin kórgen kitaptaryn bir jerge jiyp, qalastyryp ýstine sahana ispetti ýy túrghyzyp «arulap» jerlese kerek. Kitap ýstin bastyra órip, syrtyn topan maymen iyin qandyra sylaghan eken. Uaqyt qysymyna syr bermey әli túr». Tileuqúl ishannyng tughan shóberesi, 1951 jyly tuylghan Qydyrbay Ýmbetәliyevtyng aituyna qaraghanda, sahnada kitaptar óte kóp bolghan. Ishan arab, parsy týrik, shaghatay tilderin jetik bilgendikten, osy tilderde jazylghan dini, sopylyq, oqulyq, tanymdyq sipattaghy әdebiyetterdi jinastyrghan eken. Tileuqúl ishannyng taghy bir qyryna onyng jergilikti halyq arasynda kóp taraghan әrtýrli aurulardy ósimdikter men shópterding qaynatpasy arqyly emdeu, әrbir shóp pen ósimdikting emdik qasiyeti turaly, aurulardyng týrleri, olargha sipattama jәne t.s.s. halyqtyq nemese dәstýrli medisina jóninde jazghan enbekteri jatady. Ishannyng shóberesi Qydyrbay agha babasynyng qoljazba enbekteri turaly atasy Ýmbetәli maqsymnan estigenin aitady. Ishannyng taghy da qanday sala boyynsha, qanday taqyryptargha arnap enbekter jazghanyn naqty dóp basyp aita almaymyz. Tek ony bilu ýshin Tileuqúl ishan kitaphanasyndaghy kitaptar men qoljazbalardy arnayy derektanulyq túrghyda taldau qajet.
Bizding oiymyzsha, Tileuqúl ishan kitaphanasyndaghy kitaptar mynaday tematikalardan túrghan: 1) diniy-sopylyq әdebiyetter; 2) diniy-tanymdyq әdebiyetter; 3) dini-oqulyqtar; 4) músylmandyqtyng negizderi men sharttary jóninde jalpy әdebiyetter; 5) HIH ghasyrdyng sony – HH ghasyr basynda Qazan, Ufa, Tashkent qalalarynda jaryq kórgen qissalar, dastan-jyrlar; 6) Tileuqúl ishannyng ózi jazghan qoljazba enbekteri. Biz múnday tújyrymgha Qydyrbay Ýmbetәliyevting әngimesinen keyin kelip otyrmyz.
Ishannyng kitaphanasyndaghy qoljazbalar men kitaptardy jinastyryp, býkil halyqtyng ruhany iygiligine ainaldyrar uaqyt әbden jetken sekildi.
Aral audany Aqespe auyly túrghyndarynyng әngimelerinde ishannyng sahanasyndaghy kitaptar turaly jartylay shyndyq, jartylay miftik sipatta kóptegen әngimeler bar. Sonyng biri mynaday: Aral tenizining qaytuyna baylanysty «Vozrojdeniye» aralyndaghy qúpiya poligongha qajetti materialdardy teniz jolymen jetkizu mýmkin bolmay qalghandyqtan, әskeriyler qúrghaqtaghy jolmen jetkizudi oilastyrady. 30-40 әskery mashinalargha tiyelgen jýkter, janar may jәne t.b. zattar Aral-Aqespe baghytymen jýrip, Tileuqúl ishannyng meshitining janynan ótedi eken. Komandirlerining qatang eskertulerine qaramastan, Mәskeulik bir orys soldaty meshitting ishinde kóne kitaptar bar degen әngimeni bireulerden estip, ary-beri qatynap jýrgende retin tauyp, әlde bir qyzyghushylyqpen nemese teris oimen sahananyng shetin búzady da, eki kitapty úrlap ketedi. Keyinnen eline oralghan song diagnozy belgisiz bir aurugha shaldyghypty. Sheshesining aparmaghan jeri, kórsetpegen dәrigeri, qoldanbaghan emi qalmapty. Orys jigitining týsine meshit kire beripti. Sheshesine bolghan jaydy aityp bergennen keyin, ol eki kitapty Aral qalasyna alyp keledi de, súrastyryp jýrip, Tileuqúl ishannyng shóberesi Qydyrbaydyng qolyna keshirim súray otyra tapsyrghan eken. Sodan keyin ghana baryp, mәskeulik orys jigiti belgisiz auruynan aiyghyp ketipti. Qydyrbay Ýmbetәliyevting әieli Balqiyash apaymen osy әngime tónireginde súrastyrghanymyzda, ol búl әngimening shyndyqqa say keletinin jasyrmady. Al әkelip bergen eki kitaptyng mәn-jayy jóninde, «onyng bireui mende, ony men eshkimge bermey, eshkimge ústatpay, babamyzdyng kózi retinde qasterlep ústap otyrmyn», – dep jauap berdi Balqiyash apay. Ol bizge sol qasterlep otyrghan kitaptyng birneshe betterining kóshirmesin tapsyrdy.
Tileuqúl ishannyng múralary men enbekterin zertteudi qazirden bastap qolgha alu kerek. Ásirese, onyng halyqtyq nemese dәstýrli em jәne ósimdikterden dәri-dәrmek jasau turaly jazghan qoljazba júmystarynyng dәl qazirgi kýnde manyzy óte joghary.
Al endi ishannyng ómir jolyna kelsek, ol Syr boyy men Aral ónirinde kenestik biylik ornaghangha deyin tenizding soltýstik-batys bóliginde Qarakesek taypasynyng Qoysary, Pishay, Qalmatay jәne Qarajan rulyq bólimderi arasynda dini-aghartushylyq, bala oqytu, júrtty ruhanilyqqa, yntymaqqa, birlikke tәrbiyeleu, ekinshilikke eldi tartu sekildi júmystarmen ainalysady. Kenestik biylik ornyghyp, kýsheye bastaghan kezde «Kishi Qazan» sayasatynyng Qazaqstanda jýrgizilgeni belgili. Búl sayasattyng bir salasyna kenes ókimetining yqpalyn auyldyq jerlerde kýsheytu jatty. Ol ýshin kenestik biylik auyldyq jerlerdegi iri baylar men ortasha sharualardy joydy, din basylary men moldalardy qúrtudy kózdeydi. Mine, osy sayasatty jýzege asyru barysynda Tileuqúl ishannyng ómirindegi qughyngha úshyrau jyldary bastalady. Tek ishannyng ózi ghana emes, onyng úrpaqtary da ýkimetting qughynyna úshyraydy.
Ishan úrpaqtarynyng әngimelerine qaraghanda, ol HH ghasyrdyng 20-shy jyldarynyng sony men 30-shy jyldary ishinde eki ret sottalady. Alghash ret 1928-1929 jyldary qamaugha alynady. Biraq qalay ekeni belgisiz, 1930-shy jyldardyng ortasynda týrmeden bosanyp shyghyp, Aqespe, Sarbasat, Ýshkól eldi-mekenderindegi aghayyndar arasynda jasyrynugha mәjbýr bolady. 1929 jyly dýniyege kelip, qazirgi kezde 80 jasqa tolyp otyrghan Aqtóbe qalasynyng túrghyny, odaqtyq dәrejedegi zeynetker, belgili zanger Qalu Dәribayúly Jarylqasynov Tileuqúl ishandy alghash ret qalay kórgeni jәne ekinshi ret qalay ústalghany turaly bylaysha әngimeleydi. «Men ol kezde 7-8 jasar oiyn balasy edim. Ýiimiz Sarybasat degen jerde bolatyn. Áke-sheshemizding auzynan Tileuqúl ishan turaly kóp әngimelerdi estigenbiz. Bir kýni auylgha ishannyng ózi keldi. Sol kezdegi ishannyng jasyn aita almaymyn, esimde qalghany aq saqaly keudesine deyin týsken, syrt kiyimi – appaq úzyn shapan bolatyn. Biz oiyn balalary bәrimiz ishangha baryp sәlem berdik. Tileuqúl ishannyng jýzi óte jyly, meyirimdi adam bolatyn. Bәrimizding shashymyzdan sipap, arqamyzdan qaghyp, rizashylyghyn bildirdi. Ishandy Sarybasattaghy әr ýy qonaqqa shaqyrdy. Sol kezde ýilerding ornalasuy qazirgidey emes, bir-birinen alshaq bolatyn. Biz ishan bir ýiden shyghyp, ekinshi ýige jetkenge deyin onyng aq shapanynyng eteginen ústap, erip jýretinbiz. Ishannyng aghayyn-tuystary arasynda jýrgeni turaly habar audangha jetip, bir kýni audannan eki-ýsh qyzyl jaghalylar kelip, ishandy bir aghayynynyng ýiinde qonaqta otyrghan jerinde tútqyndaydy. Ishanmen qoshtasugha býkil auyl adamdary kelip, әrqaysysy jeke-jeke qoshtasady. Keyinnen ishan týrmeden ghayyp bolyp ketipti degen әngimeni ýlkender aityp jýrdi». Al qazalylyq jurnalist Q.Ysmaghúlúly ishan ómirining songhy sәtteri turaly әrkimderden estigenderin jinaqtay kele, bylay dep jazady: «Tileuqúl ishan turaly anyz-әngime el ishinde kóp. Solardyng biri – 1937 jylghy qandy qylysh jendettik kezinde birneshe ret qamauda otyryp, syrtqa ne NKVD basshylaryna kirip, sóilesip otyrghan jerinen kórgen qart bolishevik Sәdirov Naghashybay men kenestik atqaru komiytetinde jauapty qyzmet atqarghan audangha belgili ataqty azamattardyng әngimeleri mening oiymda qalypty. Biraq, әsire qyzyl belsendiler týrtkilep, aqyry balyqshy bolyp jasyrynyp jýrgen jerinen tútqyndap kele jatady.
Tughan el, ósken jerimen, úly tenizben ishtey kýnirenip qoshtasyp kele jatyp: – balalar etimning kirin alyp, elmen, jermen, tenizimmen songhy ret qoshtasayyn. Endi ainalyp kórem be, joq pa?.. Moynymda ótelmegen qaryz-paryzym bar edi. Keshu súrayyn anamnan. Rúqsat etinizder, songhy sózim, yrzalaspaq niyetim bar, – depti.
Olar da adam balasy ghoy, rúhsat etipti. Sheshinip, týz kiyimimen sugha týsip, әrli-beri jýzip, shayynyp, sýngip ketipti.
Sodan izim-qayym joq. Tek bir qonyr ýirek Múghaljar tauyn betke alyp úshyp kete barypty.
Áulie Manqystau jaqta ýilenip, tanymaytyn jat ólkede panalap, tirshilik etipti degen anyz bar.
Oral týrmesinde atylypty degen qauesetti de aitady.
Osynday әngimeni kýni keshege deyin aitushylar ýreylene otyryp, tamsana tanday qaghyp, sybyrlap qana aitushy edi».
Ishan turaly múnday әngimelerding kóp boluyna, birinshiden, onyng naqty atylghan kýni, jerlengen jeri turaly resmy qújattyng bolmauy jatsa, ekinshiden, jergilikti halyqtyng Tileuqúl ishandy óldi dep aitugha qimauy jatsa kerek. M.Quanyshbaevtyng shejiresinde ishan «82 jasynda ústalyp ketken», – dep aitylady. Odan әri ol ishannyng úrpaqtaryn bylaysha órbitip, taratady: «Tileuqúldan – Ýmbetәli, Jýsip, Suhanberdi, Ábubәkir, Múhanbetkәrim. Ýmbetәliden – Aymúhanbet, odan Qydyrbay. Qydyrbaydan – Zamira, Gýlmira, Bauyrjan, Bolatbek, Batyrbek. Bolatbekten – Rinat, Batyrbekten – Ramazan. Jýsipten Múhanbetqali, odan Úzaq, Aydarbek. Suhanberdiden – Qayrulla, Abylay, Serik. Múhanbetkәrimnen Shayhislam».
Tileuqúl ishannyng bes úlymen birge Bibarsha atty qyzy bolghan. Kórgen adamdardyng aituy boyynsha, Tileuqúl ishangha qyzy óte úqsaghan eken. Keyinnen osy Bibarsha atty qyzynyng birneshe suretterine qarap otyryp, suretshiler Tileuqúl ishannyng portretin salghan. Biz, osy jerde ishannyng sol portretin úsynamyz. Ishannyng Bibarsha atty qyzynan Úlmeken, Zbira, Dәmen atty qyzdar men Qambar atty úl taraydy. Olar ary qaray kóp ósip-óngen (Tileuqúl ishannyng shóbere kelini Balqiyash apaydyng auyzsha mәlimeti).
Qazirgi kezende Aral audany Sekseuil poselkesinde ýlken meshit salynyp, oghan Tileuqúl ishan esimi berildi. Meshitting janynda jas balalardy diny sauattylyqqa, imandylyqqa tәrbiyeleytin sabaqtar jýrgiziledi. Osylaysha, HIH ghasyrdyng sonynda Tileuqúl ishan salghan jol qayta jandanady.
Tileuqúl ishannyng bes úly da jan-jaqqa tarap ketse de, jergilikti túrghyndar olardy «maqsym» ataghan. Onyng maghynasy әkeleri ishannyng jolyn ústap, dinbasy bolu degendi bildirse kerek.
Keshegi kenestik biylik túsynda Tileuqúl ishannyng ýlken úly Ýmbetәli – Maqsym ata atanyp Qyzylorda oblysy, Aral audany, Aqespe auylynda túrady. Ol әkesining jolyn jalghastyryp, jergilikti túrghyndardy meylinshe imandylyqqa, ruhany tazalyqqa tәrbiyeleydi. Qazirgi kýnde Maqsym atanyng ýiin aqespelikter meshitke ainaldyrghan. Búrynghy kóship ketkender әr jyldarda meshitke kelip, qonyp, aruaqtargha, o dýniyelik bolghan ata-babalaryna, tuystaryna dúgha oqyp, qúran baghyshtap jatady. Búl degenimiz – Tileuqúl ishan isining dúrystyghyn, ondyghyn, halyq ýshin óte qajettigin kórsetedi. Qazirgi jahandanu dәuirinde eldin, halyqtyng birligi men tirligin, tútastyghy men yntymaghyn, osynday ruhani, imandylyqqa baghyttalghan tәlim-tәrbie ghana saqtay alady deymiz.

Bereket Kәribaev, tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty, әl-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq últtyq uniyversiytetining doktoranty
«Ana tili» gazeti 11 shilde 2009 jyl