Tayauda Parlament Senatynyng deputaty Múrat Baqtiyarúly shettegi otandastardy qabyldaudyng jana sayasatyn qolgha alu qajettigi jayynda deputattyq saualnama joldaghan edi. Soghan oray Mongholiyadan keletin qazaqtardyng kóshining týitkildi mәseleleri jayynda oy qozghaghan Dosan Baymoldanyng maqalasyn úsynyp otyrmyz.
Álemde kóshi-qon mәselesi asa kýrdeli, úzaqqa jalghasatyn, sheshilui qiyn qúbylys retinde belgili. Al Qazaqstangha keler bolsaq Qazaq eli óz tәuelsizdigin jariyalaghan sәtten bastap kóshi-qon mәselesi tuyndady. Oghan sebep týrli jaghdaymen әlemning 40-tay elinde, 5 millionday qazaqtyng bar ekendigi jәne osy qazaqtargha arnap: «Qayt, qazaq, Otanyna!» degen qazaqtyng belgili aqyn-jazushylary jәne ghalymdarynyng sheteldegi qandas bauyrlaryn shaqyrghan ýnderi, oghan ilese Preziydent N.Nazarbaevtyng qazaq baspasózi arqyly «Alystaghy aghayyngha aq tilek!» atty әigili haty edi. Mongholiya qazaqtary eng alghash Qazaqstangha qaray osydan 20 jyl búryn kósh keruenin bastap berdi. Alghashynda «Enbek sharty» degen atpen 1991-1992 jyldary 40 mynday qazaq atajúrtqa oraldy. Búlardyng arasynda shetelderde joghary bilim alghan myqty mamandar, jazushy-ghalymdar, óner qayratkerleri jetkilikti.

Tayauda Parlament Senatynyng deputaty Múrat Baqtiyarúly shettegi otandastardy qabyldaudyng jana sayasatyn qolgha alu qajettigi jayynda deputattyq saualnama joldaghan edi. Soghan oray Mongholiyadan keletin qazaqtardyng kóshining týitkildi mәseleleri jayynda oy qozghaghan Dosan Baymoldanyng maqalasyn úsynyp otyrmyz.
Álemde kóshi-qon mәselesi asa kýrdeli, úzaqqa jalghasatyn, sheshilui qiyn qúbylys retinde belgili. Al Qazaqstangha keler bolsaq Qazaq eli óz tәuelsizdigin jariyalaghan sәtten bastap kóshi-qon mәselesi tuyndady. Oghan sebep týrli jaghdaymen әlemning 40-tay elinde, 5 millionday qazaqtyng bar ekendigi jәne osy qazaqtargha arnap: «Qayt, qazaq, Otanyna!» degen qazaqtyng belgili aqyn-jazushylary jәne ghalymdarynyng sheteldegi qandas bauyrlaryn shaqyrghan ýnderi, oghan ilese Preziydent N.Nazarbaevtyng qazaq baspasózi arqyly «Alystaghy aghayyngha aq tilek!» atty әigili haty edi. Mongholiya qazaqtary eng alghash Qazaqstangha qaray osydan 20 jyl búryn kósh keruenin bastap berdi. Alghashynda «Enbek sharty» degen atpen 1991-1992 jyldary 40 mynday qazaq atajúrtqa oraldy. Búlardyng arasynda shetelderde joghary bilim alghan myqty mamandar, jazushy-ghalymdar, óner qayratkerleri jetkilikti.
Qazaqstan ýkimeti sol jyldarghy eldegi kýn kóristing qiynshylyghyna qaramastan osynshama qazaqty kóshirip aluda, adam tanqalarlyq әri shynymen erlik qadamdar jasady. Qazaqtardyng ózderin úshaqtarmen elge jetkizse, al jýkterin Reseyding alystaghy qiyn joldary arqyly mashinalarmen tasymaldady. Sol 1991-93 jyldary Almaty oblysy, Taldyqorghan, Semey, Óskemen, Qaraghandy, Pavlodar, Aqtóbe oblystarynyng әkimderi, audan, auyl basshylary Mongholiya qazaqtaryn kóshirip alu isinde qyruar әri qajyrly júmystar atqardy. Mongholiyadan bastalghan osy kóshti әlemning basqaday elderindegi: Qytay, Týrkiya, Aughanstan, Ózbekstan, Saud Arabiyasy, Resey, Iran, Týrikmenstan, Qyrghyzstan qazaqtary jalghastyrdy.
QR Ministrler Kabiyneti qabyldaghan 1992 jylghy qyrkýiekting 23 kýngi №791 «Sheteldegi qazaq diasporasynyng ókilderin Qazaqstan Respublikasynda bolghan kezinde әleumettik-ekonomikalyq jenildiktermen qamtamasyz etu turaly» Qaulysy mongholiyalyq aghayyndardyng atajúrtta ómir sýrip ketuine úiytqy boldy. Osy Qauly boyynsha oralmandardyng kóbi baspanamen qamtamasyz etildi, tiyisti kómekterin aldy, zeynetaqy jәne basqaday jenildikterge qol jetkizdi. Sonday-aq, 20 jylday uaqyt ishinde Mongholiyadan 100 mynday qazaq atajúrtyna kóship kelip qonys tepti. Olar býgingi kýni Qazaqstannyng barlyq oblys, audandarynda el qatarly ómir sýrip jatyr. Mongholiyadan әli kóship kelsem dep buynyp-týiinip otyrghan qazaqtar barshylyq. Biraq songhy jyldary Mongholiyadan atajúrtqa kóshemiz degen qazaq kóshi ekpinining bәsensui, Qazaqstandaghy búl salany tikeley basqaratyn kóshi-qon komiyteti júmysynyng qúrylymdyq ózgeristerge úshyrauy eldegi jәne sheteldegi aghayyndardy oilandyryp, tolghandyryp otyrghany shyndyq. Búl kóshi-qon taqyryby Qazaqstan Parlamenti mәjilisinde, Ýkimettting tiyisti organdarynyng jiynynda, sonday-aq DQQ sekildi qoghamdyq úiymdardyng otyrystarynda ýnemi aityla-aytyla jauyr bolghandyghyn atap aituymyz kerek.

Endi osy kóshi-qon mәselesi tóniregindegi Mongholiya qazaqtaryna qatysty naqty úsynystargha toqtalar bolsam:

1. Songhy jyldary Mongholiyadan Qazaqstangha birli-jarym adam óz qarajatymen kóship kelip, búrynnan túryp jatqan aghayyndaryn panalap ómir sýrip ketip jatyr. Al kóship keleyin degenderding kóbi túrmys jaghdayynyng qiyndyghyna yaghny qarajattyng joqtyghyna baylanysty kele almay otyr. Oghan sebep songhy jyldary Mongholiyada oryn alghan tabighy apat, yaghny maldyng júty. Qazaqtar eng kóp túratyn Bayan-Ólgey aimaghynda jәne Qobda aimaghynda qys qatty bolsa da, basqa aimaqtarmen salystyrghanda mal sany azdau qyryldy. Degenmen jalghyz kýnde qolyndaghy malynan airylyp, tap-taqyr kedey bolyp shygha kelgen aghayyndar sany da az emes. Ony songhy jyldary jazghy demalysymda sol jaqqa barghanda kózim jetti. Mysaly Bayan-Ólgeymen kórshiles Qobda aimaghynyng Qobda súmynynda 70 ýy Qazaqstangha jete almay, soghan qarajat taba almay otyr. Olar 1991-1993 jyldardaghyday Qazaqstan ýkimeti «bizderdi» kóshirip alsa degen tilek aitady.
2. Kóship kelemin deushiler Mongholiya men Qazaqstan arasyn jalghaytyn Reseyding 2 myng shaqyrymday úzaq әri kýrdeli jolyn jýruge mәjbýr. Kóship kelushiler Resey jerimen jýrip ótu ýshin tranzittik viza aluy tiyisti. Resey jaghy búnyng baghasyn birneshe ret kóterdi. Qazir jay adamgha 85 AQSh dollary, al jedel vizagha 135 AQSh dollaryn alady. Búryn aptasyna bir ret qatynaytyn Ólgey-Óskemen-Almaty úshaghy qazir úshpaydy. Resey men monghol shekarasyndaghy orystyng «Tashanta» shekara, keden beketi Qazaqstangha baratyn qazaqtardy neshe kýndep tostyryp, jýkterin tekserip, әure-sarsangha salatyny jóninde talay aityldy. Biraq búl mәsele әli kýnge deyin óz sheshimin taba almay otyr. Mongholiya men Qytay arasyndaghy «Taykeshken» shekara keden beketi búghan deyingi tek jaz ailarynda ashylatyn júmys tәrtibin ózgertti degen habar bar. Yaghny jyldyng bar mezgilinde istey bermekshi. Songhy kezde osy keden beketi arqyly kelip jatqan mongholiya qazaqtary barshylyq. Sondyqtan osy qazaqtardy kóshirip alu ýshin Qazaqstan ýkimeti aldyn ala qarajat bólip, soghan ketken shyghyndy Qazaqstangha әkelgen song olargha beriletin kvotagha tiyesili qarajattan eseptese degen úsynys bar.

Endi Qazaqstangha kóship kelgen qazaqtar aldyndaghy keybir qiyndyqtar turaly aitpasa taghy bolmaydy:

1. Mongholiya qazaqtary Qazaqstangha 3 ay uaqytymen vizasyz kele alady. Kelgen qazaq 5 kýnning ishinde ishki ister bólimine tirkelui tiyisti. Alayda olar kóp jaghdayda 5 kýnning ishinde ýlgere almaydy. Osy 3 ay uaqyty bituge tayaghanda qaytadan shetelge shyghyp, qayta kirip kelui tiyis. Osynday ereje talaptan ózderi әzer kóship kelgen qazaqtar ne isterlerin bilmey bastary qatady. Jalpy túraqty tirkeu mәselesin memleket óz moynyna alsa bolar edi. Kóship kelgen qazaqtardyng kóbinde olardy tirkeuge túrghyzatynday tanysy ne tuysy joq. Al barlarynyng ózi polisiyagha qayta-qayta bara berudi qiynsynyp, tirketuden qashady. Al uaqytynda tirkelmese olargha әkimshilik is qozghalyp, aiyppúl salady. Búl atajúrtym dep kelgen qandastar ýshin qosymsha qiyndyq tughyzatyny týsinikti.
2. Qazaqstangha óz kýshimen kóship kelip, osy kýnge deyin tiyesili kvotagha ene almay, kvotagha kirsede soghan tiyesili aqshalaryn ala almay jýrgen qazaqtar bar. Kvota alu ýshin oralman otbasy túraqty tirkeuge túrghan ýy kitapshasyn әkelu kerek. Ýkimetting 2007 jylghy qaulysyna sәikes ýy kitapshasy túraqty tirkelgendigin anyqtaytyn birden-bir qújat bolyp tabylady. Búrynghyday anyqtama talap etilmeytindikten jergilikti әkimdikter anyqtama bermeytin bolghan. Qaghazbastylyq jәne tiyisti adamdardyng jauapkershilikterining tómen boluy saldarynan jyldap kvotagha ene almay jýrgen qandastarymyz az emes. Al osy kvotany alghanymen, soghan tiyesili qarjylay jenildikterdi ala almay jýrgen aghayyndar da barshylyq. Tipten qazir Almaty oblysy, Jetigen auylynda túratyn eki aghayynym kóship kelgeli 10 jyldan assa da, osy kýnge deyin ýy baspanagha dep bergen aqshalaryn qoldaryna tiygize almay, aqyry ony basqa bireuler paydalanyp ketkenin endi bilip, ne isterlerin bilmey jýr.
3. Qazaqstangha kóship kelgen qandastar aldyndaghy taghy bir qiyndyq ol Qazaqstan azamattyghyn alu mәselesi bolmaq. Osydan 5-10 jyl búrynghyday emes qazir búl mәsele barynsha dúrystalyp kele jatqanyn aitu kerek. Alayda týrli qújattardy toltyru, tapsyrys berude burokrattyq kedergiler әli kýnge deyin arylmay otyr. «Qazaq ekenindi dәleldeytin» qújat qaghaz әkel degennen bastalatyn búnday qiyndyqtar әli kezdesedi. Búdan elim, jerim dep kelgen aghayynnyng keyde ýmiti ýzilip, tauy shaghylady. Elge oralghan әr qazaq ózderining jat elde búrmalanyp, teris jazylyp ketken aty-jónderin dúrystap jazdyryp alghylary keledi. Mysaly Mongholiya qazaqtarynyng keybirining tólqújatynda Ábilseyit-Abylsayt, Qayrat-Hayraat, Jaqsylyq-Jagslag, Quanysh-Huvanish sekildi jazylyp ketkenin eskerip, QR azamattyghyn alghan kezde týzetip, qazaqtardyng aty jónderin dúrys jazu kerek. Búghan nemqúrayly qaraugha eshkimning qúqyghy joq dep bilemin.
4. Mongholiyada qazir әli de 130 mynday qazaq túryp jatyr. Mongholiyanyng batysyndaghy Bayan-Ólgey qazaq aimaghy últtyq aimaq ekenin eskerip, osy aimaqqa Qazaqstan tarapynan ruhani, ekonomikalyq, mәdeny qoldau kómekter óte-móte qajet. Bayan-Ólgey qazaqtary Qazaqstannyng «Habar», «Qazaqstan», «KTK» sekildi telearnalaryn kýndelikti kórip otyr. Yaghny Qazaqstandaghy әleumettik, ekonomikalyq jaghdaymen birshama tanys deuge bolady. Biraq Qazaqstannan birde-bir gazet, jurnal barmaydy. Búryn Kenes zamanynda Mongholiya qazaqtary Qazaqstannyng barlyq qazaqsha gazetterin tapsyryspen alyp oqityn.
5. Eng basty mәsele, Qazaqstan tarapynan qazaq aimaghyna ekonomika salasyna qomaqty investisiya salynuy qajet. Birinshi kezekte aimaq ortalyghyna et, et ónimderin dayyndau kombinaty, maldyng terisi, jýn-júrqasy, ishegin tazalaytyn seh-kәsiporyndary Qazaqstan kómegimen salynsa jaqsy bolar edi. Búl bir jaghynan aimaqtaghy júmyssyzdyqty azaytugha kómek bolsa, ekinshi jaghynan Qazaqstan naryghyn arzan et, et ónimderimen (qazy-qarta, jaya, shújyq, et konservileri) qanymdaugha sebep bolar edi. Qazir Qazaqstanda etting baghasy joghary órledi, yaghny 1 kg et baghasy 1200 tengeden asty. Al Mongholiyada bir qoydyng baghasy búryn 40-50 dollar bolsa, qazir 70-80 dollargha kóterilgen, bir jylqy 250-300 dollar shamasynda bolsa, 700-800 dollargha kóterilgen. Búghan sebep kórshiles Qytay eli Mongholiyadan arzan etti kóp mólsherde satyp alyp jatyr, tipten sonau Iran elinen kelgen kәsipkerler Mongholiyada birneshe et kombinatyn sala bastaghan. Sonyng biri Bayan-Ólgey ortalyghy Ólgey qalasynda salynyp jatyr. Sondyqtan osynday et kombinatyn Qazaqstan ýkimeti ne bolmasa jeke kәsipkerler nege qandastar túryp jatqan aimaqta salyp, et ónimderin nege Qazaqstangha tasyp, halyqty arzan etpen qamtamasyz etpeske. Búl oryndalatyn is. Tek ynta, peyil kerek. Búl jóninde de az aitylghan joq.
Býgingi tanda Mongholiya qazaqtaryn týgeldey Qazaqstangha kóshirip әkelu mýmkin emes jәne olardyng alghashqy jyldardaghyday (1990-shy jyldardyng basy) jappay kóshe qoylary ekitalay. Kelemin degenderge Qazaqstannyng esigi әrdayym ashyq, jәne kóship kelgenderge tiyisti zang jýzindegi kómek, jenildikter esh kedergisiz jasaluy tiyisti bolmaq. Mongholiya qazaqtarynyng qazirgi toptasyp otyrghan jeri-Bayan-Ólgey aimaghyna býgingi kýni Qazaqstan tarapynan ruhany jәne ekonomikalyq qoldau, kómek auaday qajet bolyp túr. Ol qazaqtardyng Qazaqstannan basqa arqa sýier eli joq. Osyny atajúrttaghy bizder úmytpaghanymyz abzal bolmaq.

"Abay-aqparat"