Shopen
Polishanyng úly kompozitory, virtuoz-pianist Frederik Shopen 1810 jyly Varshavanyng manyndaghy eldimekende qarapayym múghalim otbasynda dýniyege kelgen. Onyng әkesi - fransuz, al anasy - polyak qyzy. Anasynyng minezi óte júmsaq bolypty. Dәl osy qasiyet Shopenge daridy. Otbasynda Frederikten basqa ýsh qyz boldy. Eng ýlkeni, yaghny úly muzykanttyng әpkesi Ludvikanyng yqpalymen ol kishkentay kezinen muzykagha jaqyn bolyp ósti. 9 jasynda fortepiyanodan cheh muzykanty Voyseh Jivnyidan tәlim alady. Aytpaqshy, V.Jivnyy Shopenning jetinshi ústazy edi. Shopen jeti jasynda-aq fortepiyanogha arnalghan soli minor polonezin shyghardy. Eki jyldan keyin V.Jivnyi: "Bala fortepiyanoda oinaudyng qyr-syryn menen artyq biledi..." dep, ony odan әri ýiretuding qajeti joq ekenin aitady. Búdan keyin Shopen kompozisiyany polyak kompozitory Yu.Elisnerden ýirenip, tәlim alady. Ony býkil elge tanytqan polonezderi 1918 jyly tasqa basylyp, jaryq kóredi.
Polishanyng úly kompozitory, virtuoz-pianist Frederik Shopen 1810 jyly Varshavanyng manyndaghy eldimekende qarapayym múghalim otbasynda dýniyege kelgen. Onyng әkesi - fransuz, al anasy - polyak qyzy. Anasynyng minezi óte júmsaq bolypty. Dәl osy qasiyet Shopenge daridy. Otbasynda Frederikten basqa ýsh qyz boldy. Eng ýlkeni, yaghny úly muzykanttyng әpkesi Ludvikanyng yqpalymen ol kishkentay kezinen muzykagha jaqyn bolyp ósti. 9 jasynda fortepiyanodan cheh muzykanty Voyseh Jivnyidan tәlim alady. Aytpaqshy, V.Jivnyy Shopenning jetinshi ústazy edi. Shopen jeti jasynda-aq fortepiyanogha arnalghan soli minor polonezin shyghardy. Eki jyldan keyin V.Jivnyi: "Bala fortepiyanoda oinaudyng qyr-syryn menen artyq biledi..." dep, ony odan әri ýiretuding qajeti joq ekenin aitady. Búdan keyin Shopen kompozisiyany polyak kompozitory Yu.Elisnerden ýirenip, tәlim alady. Ony býkil elge tanytqan polonezderi 1918 jyly tasqa basylyp, jaryq kóredi.
Frederikting muzykagha qúmarlyghyn bayqaghan ata-anasy Varshavadaghy muzyka mektebinde kәsiby bilim aluyna jaghday jasaydy. Shopenning alghashqy gastrolidik sapary Parijden bastalady. Júrt qol shapalaqtap túryp alady. Sodan song Munhen, Vena, Angliya... Onyng ataghy tórtkýl dýniyege belgili bola bastaydy. Áriyne, onyng shygharmashylyghy - Otanynyng tarihymen, adamdarymen, tabighatymen, salt-dәstýrlerimen tyghyz baylanysty. Úly kompozitordyng polonezderi men mazurkalary, sonattary men valisteri mәngilik ekeni aidan anyq. Onyng muzykasynyng taghy bir qúpiyasy, shygharmashylyghynyn kórkemdigi men kóp qyrlylyghynda edi. Ol sonysymen de biyikke jetti. Shopenning shygharmashylyq tabysqa jetuining taghy bir qúpiyasy - ghashyq bolghan qyz-kelinshekterge degen saghynyshy, múny, syry kýisandyqta kýy bolyp aghylyp jatty.
Shopenning eng alghashqy bozbalalyq mahabbaty Konstansiya Gladkovskaya edi. Ol oghan ghashyq bolghany sonshalyq, ózining bolashaghyn Konstansiyasyz elestete almaytyn. Frederik ýilenuge aqsha tabu ýshin Parijge attanady. Biraq Konstansiya ony kýtpey, basqa bireuge kýieuge shyghyp ketedi. Sýiiktisining uәdesin búzghanyna kýiingen Shopen qatty qynjylady. Biraq onyng kýiinishi kópke barmaydy. Artynan Mariya Vodjinskayagha ghashyq bolady. Eki jaqtyng ata-analary búlardy atastyryp ta qoyady. Birneshe aidan song Mariyanyng grafqa kýieuge shyqqanyn estiydi. Ekinshi soqqy ólimmen teng edi, ol muzyka jazugha otyrady. Búdan song ol Mariyany úmytu ýshin Fransiyanyng ataqty jazushysy Jorj Sandpen (Amandina Avrora Lusili Dupen) on jyl Mayorkada kezdesip túrady. Jorj Sandqa degen mahabbaty oghan baqyt emes qayghy-qasiret әkeledi. Biraq sonysyna qaramay, ol Mayorkada ózining 24 balladasyn dýniyege әkeldi. Onyng auruy da Mayorkada bastalady. "Nәzik, әljuaz, qyzba, ashushang adamdy qalaysha sýyge bolady?" Osylay oilaghan Jorj Sand kompozitormen arasyn búzghysy keledi. Al Shopenning odan aiyrylghysy kelgen joq.
Ekeuining aiyrylysqanyna bir jyl ótken song Shopen men Jorj Sand bir tanystarynyng ýiinde kezdesip qalady. Kompozitorgha kórsetken әdiletsizdigin, qatygezdigin esine alghan ol Shopenmen tatulasqysy keledi. Kompozitorgha jaqyndap qolyn sozady. Shopenning súlu jýzi bop-boz bolyp, qolyn almay, birauyz sóz de aitpay, bólmeden shyghyp ketedi.
1848 jyly Shopen Londongha konsert beruge barady. Búl onyng songhy sapary edi. Onsyz da aurushang kompozitordyng densaulyghyn Úlybritaniyanyng ylghaldy aua rayy onan әri tómendetip jiberdi. Ókpe auruy qayta qozyp, ol keri, Parijge qaytady. Shopen ómirining qiyn-qystau kezinde onyng tósegining janynan ketpey, adal kýtushisi Marselina Chartoryjskaya degen әiel boldy. Sol sekildi Shopenning ýmitsiz jaghdayyn estigen Nissarldan Parijge attanghan Delifina Potoskaya, Shopenning ónerine bas iygen shәkirti, shotlandyq әiel Stirling hanym da kompozitordyng qasynan tabyldy. Shopenning óliminen song ol Shopen túrghan eki bólmedegi jabdyqtardy týgel satyp alyp, Londondaghy Shopenge arnap úiymdastyrghan múrajaygha qoyady.
Úly kompozitor Parijge kelgen son, 1849 jyldyng 5-qazanynda dýniyeden ótedi. Shopen songhy demi ýziler sәtte "jýregin Varshavagha" jerleudi amanat etipti. Shopenning jýregi salynghan kapsul Krest kosteline qoyylyp, sol jerge eskertkish-taqta ornatyldy. Osylaysha úly kompozitordyng jýregi Varshavada mәngige bayyz tabady.
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