Qúrmetti Qazaqstan Músylmandary Diny Basqarma Tóraghasy!

Búl úshbu hatymyzda Qazaq qoghamyndaghy shiyryghyp túrghan shetin mәselelerding biri hәm biregeyi - dinning tónireginde tuyndap otyrghan qal-ahualgha qatysty  oylarymyzdy ortagha salmaqshymyz. Naqtyraq aitar bolsaq,  Dinbasy ózinizben - memleket pen dinning araqatynasyn retteudi ontaylandyru, QMDB-nyng qúzyretin keneytip, jana basymdyqtardy anyqtau, dinge bólinip jatqan qarjy kózderin baqylau, lankestik diny toptarmen ymyrasyz kýresuding әdisterin jetildiru, diny bilim beruding tetikterin damytyp, diniy-ghylymy ortany әzirleu, dinning ózge әleumettik salalarmen baylanysyn baghamdau, din mәselesinde memleketting rólin nyghaytu, diny aqparat alu kenistigining qauipsizdigin saqtau sekildi taqyryptardyng ayasynda óz oiymyzdy bólispekshimin. Sonymen...

Diny elitamyz qalyptaspay, zayyrlylyqtyng qazaqstandyq modelin qalyptastyra almaymyz

Qúrmetti Qazaqstan Músylmandary Diny Basqarma Tóraghasy!

Búl úshbu hatymyzda Qazaq qoghamyndaghy shiyryghyp túrghan shetin mәselelerding biri hәm biregeyi - dinning tónireginde tuyndap otyrghan qal-ahualgha qatysty  oylarymyzdy ortagha salmaqshymyz. Naqtyraq aitar bolsaq,  Dinbasy ózinizben - memleket pen dinning araqatynasyn retteudi ontaylandyru, QMDB-nyng qúzyretin keneytip, jana basymdyqtardy anyqtau, dinge bólinip jatqan qarjy kózderin baqylau, lankestik diny toptarmen ymyrasyz kýresuding әdisterin jetildiru, diny bilim beruding tetikterin damytyp, diniy-ghylymy ortany әzirleu, dinning ózge әleumettik salalarmen baylanysyn baghamdau, din mәselesinde memleketting rólin nyghaytu, diny aqparat alu kenistigining qauipsizdigin saqtau sekildi taqyryptardyng ayasynda óz oiymyzdy bólispekshimin. Sonymen...

Diny elitamyz qalyptaspay, zayyrlylyqtyng qazaqstandyq modelin qalyptastyra almaymyz

Birinshiden, osydan ghasyr búryn Alash arystary tandau jasaghan (Alash Orda ýkimetining baghdarlamasy), býginde kemerin tauyp, belgili-bir aghysqa týse bastaghan memleketimizding zayyrlylyq jýiesin odan aryqaray da jetildire bergenimiz jón. Jalpy, zayyrlylyq degenimiz - memleket pen dinning bir-birinen bólinui úghymyn bildirgenimen, naghyzynda әlemde ózindik erekshelikke ie zayyrlylyqtyng qanshama túrpaty úshyrasady. Bizding elimiz de diny ahualdy túraqtandyryp, ruhany jaghdaydy bir izge týsirui ýshin zayyrlylyqtyng qazaqtandyq modelin qalyptastyruy shart. Onyng alghysharttary men belgileri ótken jyly qabyldaghan «Diny qyzmet jәne diny birlestikter turaly» zanda bayypty bayqalady. Diny nizamnyng preambulasynda memleketting diny mәselelerdi qarastyruda «hanafy baghytyndaghy islamnyng jәne pravoslavtyq hristiandyqtyng tarihy rólin» moyyndaytyndyghy taygha tanba basqanday kórsetilgen. Álbette, bir qaraghanda búl batyl ústanymgha jatady. Áytsede, zannyng 3 babynyng 3-shi taramaghynda: «Eshbir din memlekettik nemese mindetti din retinde belgilenbeydi» degen norma әdepkidegi «әp-bәrekeldimizdi» siyrqúiymshaqtatyp jiberetini ókinishti-aq. Desek te, búl qúqyqtyq qarama-qayshylyq aldaghy uaqytta óz sheshimin tabuy ýshin biz halyqtyng basym kópshiligining diny senimin qúraytyn Hanafiya mazhaby men  pravoslavtyq baghytqa basymdyq beretin memleket pen dinning araqatynasyn retteuding klerikalidi jýiesine ótkenimiz jón dep bilemiz. Yaghni, Hanafiya mazhabyna qoldau bildiru arqyly elimizdegi músylmandardyng birtútastyghyn saqtap, al pravoslaviyany kótermeleumen hristiandyqtyng ózge baghyttarynyng ilgerleuin shekteuimiz kerek. Zadynda, búdan búrynda klerikalidi jýiege ótu jóninde birneshe ret bastama kótergen bolatynbyz. Biraq, búlay birden kilt búrylu elimizding syrtqy imidjine sóz keltiretindikten, biz klerikalidi jýiege ótu ýshin aldymen konkordoto baspaldaghyn basyp ótudi úsynamyz. Yaghni, konkordoto jýiesi boyynsha memlekettik biylik din mәselesinde diny elitanyng kenesine jýgine otyryp naqty qadamdar jasaugha tiyisti. Ol ýshin qazaq qoghamyndaghy diny ahualdy tereng úghyna alatyn tól din shyraqshylarynyng shoghyry qalyptasuy qajet. Tipti, bizding ishimizden múqym ghalam moyyndaghan dintanushy ghúlamalar shyghuy kerek dep oilaymyz. Sonda ghana syrttan tanylghan (jalpaqsheshey zayyrlylyq) jýiege jýginbey, óz ishki mýmkindigimiz tolyq saralanghan diny baghytty tandaugha qol jetkize almaqpyz.

Lankestik diny toptardy tyimasaq, jarylystar jalghasa beredi

Ekinshiden, biz kezinde barlyq diny birlestikterdi zang aldynda teng sanaluyn damyghan zayyrlylyqqa balaghandyqtan, býginde osy orashalaq oram-týsinikten orny tolmas zәbir-japa shegip otyrmyz. Teginde, memleketting zayyrlylyq sipatynyng atqarar bir funksiyasy - dinnen tuyndauy mýmkin qauipting aldyn-alyp, qogham tynyshtyghyn qamtamasyz etui tiyisti. Al, bizde búl jaghday mýlde basqasha sipatta órildi. Qauipti diny aghymdardy el aumaghyna ótkizbeu bylay túrsyn, birin-biri «kәpirge» shygharatyn, tipti qazaq halqynyng bay mәdeniyetin «shirkke» balaytyn lankestik diny toptardyng erkinsuine jol berdik. Aytalyq, bazbir diny birlestikterding ústanymy konstitusiyalyq qúrylysymyzgha qayshy bolmaghandyqtan, olardyng el aumaghynda diny qyzmet jasauyna rúqsat berdik. Alayda, sol diny aghymdar bir-birin teriske shygharyp, elimizdi qyrghiy-qabaq, qyrqyljyn, bir-birine jau etip tәrbiyeley bastady. Múnyng sony nege әkep soghuy mýmkin edi? Álbette, birin-biri moyyndamaytyn diny jamaghattardyng qoghamdyq tynyshtyqqa tóndirer qaupi kýnnen kýnge zorayamasa, kemimedi. Yaghni, bir-birine óshpendilikpen qaraytyn alakóz diny toptardyng bir ortada ghúmyr keshui, sorymyzdy qaynatanyny aitpasada týsinikti-tin.

Biz dinaralyq qatynasty retteushi memleketting zayyrlylyq funksiyasynyng osynday nәzik tústaryna jete mәn bermegendikten, tútas qazaqty tulaqtay týtip, qyryq konfesiyaly elge ainaldyryp jiberdik. Endi, ótken jiyrma jylda jibergen jansaqtyqtyng ornyn toltyru ýshin «memlekettik tazartu» júmystaryn jasauymyz qajet. Osy orayda Alash júrtynyng dәstýrli diny tanymyna tekekózdenip, túnyghymyzdy laylap, turylyghymyzdy últaraq qylghysy keletin keybir keritartpa diny toptargha qysqasha jeke-jeke toqtalghandy jón kórip otyrmyz.

Hizb-ut-Tahrir úiymy. Búl  diniy-sayasy úiym 1953 jyly Taqauiddin an-Nabahany tarapynan Palestinada qúryldy. Hizb-ut-Tahrir úiymy teokrattyq biyleushi halifting qolyndaghy zayyrly jәne ruhany biylikting bir jerde toptaluyn kózdeytin «halifatty» qayta qúrudy maqsat etedi. Halifattyng qúramyna partiya jetekshileri josparlaghanynday halqynyng basym kópshiligi islamgha senetin әlemning barlyq elderi enui tiyis boldy. Kóp úzamay úiym iydeyalary kóptegen músylman memleketterinde, ishinara Egiypette, Iranda, Irakta, Aljirde, Sudanda, IYemende, Pәkistan men Aughanstanda keng auqymda tarady. Hizbut-Tahrir Islamnyng atyn jamylyp 13 jylda halifat qúramyz degenmen, búl merzim ishinde partiya mýshelerining sany óspedi. Tipti, osy uaqyt ishinde birde bir arab memleketinde halifat qúrudyng sәti týspedi. Búl memleketterding halqy «Hizbut-Tahrir әl-Islami» partiyasynyng iydeyasyn mýlde qúptamady. Hizbutshylar islam atynan taratqan әdebiyetterdi de (kitapshalar, paraqshalar) músylman әlemining tanymal ghúlamalary men dindarlary moyyndamady.

Partiya mýshelerining úiymdasu is-әreketteri әrtýrli kezender men satylardan túrady. Úiymnyng belsendi birneshe mýshesi «hujrany» qúrap, birneshe «hujralar» «halqany» kelip qúrdy. Halqalardyng halyqpen tyghyz júmys jasuynyng nәtiyjesi memlekettik tónkeristi tudyru nemese halifat qúru boldy.

Degenmen, Hizbut-Tahrir úiymynyng Islam әleminde qoldau tappauynyng sebebi, úiymnyng músylman qúqyghyna teris kóptegen qayshylyqtary bar edi. Mәselen, olardyng qabir azabyn teriske shygharuy, jalanash beynelerdi, suretterdi (pornografiya) kóruge rúqsat etui, teriskey polus túrghyndarynyng namaz oqymauyna, oraza ústamauyna bolady degen pikirleri, músylman emes er men әielderdi partiyagha mýshelikke qabyldauy, músylman emes adamnyng islam memleketin basqara alady degen sekildi t.b ústanymdary sharighatqa mýlde qarama-qayshy edi.

Tәkfir jәne hijrat jamaghaty. Búl jamaghat ókilderi ózderin ghana músylman, al qalghandardy kәpir sanaydy. Osy sebepten de jamaghattyng aty da ózine say «takfiyr» yaghni, jamaghatqa mýshe emes ózge adamdardy «kәpir» dep tanidy. Sonday-aq, búl diny top «hijrat» yaghni, basqalarmen aralaspaytyndar dep atalady. «Tәkfir jәne hijrat» degen jamaghattyng ústyn-qaghidalyry men oi-pikirleri 1965 jyly Mysyr preziydenti Jamal Ábdnәsyrdyng búiryghymen Sayd Qútb pen onyng pikirles bauyrlary ólim jazasyna tartylghan song mazmúndaldy. Sol kezde abaqtygha jabylghan músylmandar qatty azap tartty. Osynday jan berisken ýreyli shaqta músylmandardyng ashu-yzasy artyp, «tәkfiyr» iydeyalogiyasyn ortagha qoydy. Alghashynda, tәkfir iydeyasyn qoldaushylardyng basym kópishiligi jas bozbalalar edi. Jastardan qúrylghan daghuatshylar memleketting sayasy baghytyn qabyldamady. Kerisinshe, Mysyr preziydentin «kәpir» dep jariyalady. Olardyng mәlimdemesi boyynsha, preziydentti qoldap, zayyrly memleket qúrghysy kelgen dindes bauyrlary da opasyz, satqyn әri búlargha emes, basqa diny toptargha arqa sýiegen barsha júrt kәpir sanaldy. Naghynda, tәkfirshildik iydeologiyasynyng negizin salghan sheyh Aly Ismail edi.

Tәkfirshilerding asa qauipti ústanymy - ózderinen óngesining bәrin kәpirge shygharuy bolatyn. Ýlken kýnәlardy istegen adam kәpir. Onyng tәubesi qabyl bolmaydy. Sonday-aq, Allanyng týsirgen sharighatymen ýkim shygharmaytyn basshylar men sol ýkimdi razylyqpen qabyldaytyn júrt ta kәpir. Búlardy kәpir demeytin din ghalymdary da kәpir. Tәkfir jamaghatynyng pikirin qabyl almaghan nemese qabyl alyp, jamaghatqa qosylmaghan jәne sol jamaghattyng imamdaryna ermegen әrbir adam kәpir. Al, kimde-kim jamaghatqa kirip, song shyqsa, ol  adam dinnen shyqqan satqyn bolyp esepteledi. Ony óltirse, qany adal sanalady. Tipti, ózge músylman qauymdary tәkfir jamaghatynyng daghuatyn qoldamasa, ol jamaghattyng basshysy da dinnen shyqqan kәpir sanaldy. Tәkfirshiler: «Kimde-kim imamdardyng nemese sahabalardyng sózin dәlel retinde qoldansa, nemese qiyas, maslahat al-mursala, istihsan jәne sol siyaqty rasionalistik qaynar-kózdermen (yaghny tórt mazhabtyng biri boyynsha) mәselege ýkim berse, ol әri mýshriyk, әri kәpir sanalady», - dep bildi .

Tәkfir jamaghaty prinsipterining ekinshi negizgi qyry - hijrat. Ásili, hijrattyng sózdik maghynasy tәrk etu, kóshu, qonys audaru, ýdere kóshu. Olardyng qoldanuy boyynsha hijrat - búl jahil elden, qoghamnan jyraqqa ketu, ol qoghamnan mýlde qarym-qatynasty ýzu. Sonday-aq, ózinen basqa barsha adamdardy nadan, jәhil dep bilu. Hijratshylar búl jerde meken ýzilisi men oi-sana ýzilisin nysanagha alady. Yaghni, qonystanghan meken Alla Elshisi (s.a.s.) men әz sahabalardyng dәuirindegidey boluy kerek dep úghynady. Tipti, hijratshylar zamanauy bilim aludy ruhany sauatsyzdyqqa baulidy dep, zayyrly oqu oryndaryn tәrk etudi ýgitteydi.

Uahapshyldyq: Sururiya men Madhaliya jәne Tahiyashylar. Adasqan búl aghymnyng Múhammed b. Abduluahab (1704-1787) negizin saldy. Ol jas kýninde ibn Taymiyening (1263-1328) shygharmalaryn oqyp tanysyp, onyng doktrinaldy hәm kanondyq kózqarastarymen qarulanyp, búl ilimdi teoriyadan tәjiriybede úlastyrugha kýsh salady. Osylaysha, san ghasyrlyq tarihy әhlu-sunna ilimin joqqa shygharatyn uahapshyldyq qozghalysy payda boldy. Ásili, uahapshyldyqty qylyshtyng jýzimen jýzege asyrudan mizbaqpaghan Múhammed b. Suud bolatyn. Ol, Múhammed b. Abduluahabtyng jezdesi edi. Múhammed b. Suud ózining qatal әreketin «sýnnetti tiriltip, biydghatty óltirushilik» dep úqtyrdy. Múhammed b. Suud Osman biyligine qarsy túru ýshin uahapshyldyqtyng jaqtaushysy boldy. Osman biyligi Uahhabie qozghalysyn janyshtau ýshin birneshe ret әskery joryqtar jýrgizdi. Nәtiyjesinde Mehmet Aly pashanyng jazalaushy әskeri uahapshyldyq qozghalysqa kýirete soqqy berdi. Osmandyqtardan jenilgennen keyin uahapshyldar óz pikirlerin ózgelerge kýshtep tanugha dәrmeni bolmady.  Tek uahapshyldyqty Riyad tóniregindegi júrtshylyq ghana qoldady.

Degenmen, uahabie ókilderi qala men qystaqtardaghy kesenelerdi músylmandardyng ziyarat etuin Qúday-Taghalagha serik qosushylyq dep qabyldap, olardyng barlyghyn talqandauyn toqtatpady. Olar jәy kesenelerdi ghana emes, Nәjit ónirindegi býkil әz sahabalardyng kesenelerin de qiratty. Uahapshylardyng payymdauynsha músylmandar dindi tek Qúran men Sýnnetten ýirenui tiyis boldy. Odan tys, rasionaldyq qaynar-kózder (ijma, qiyas, istihsan, istislah, istishap, ghúryp, sahaba sózi, sharighattan búrynghy sharighattar) biydghat sanaldy. Sonday-aq, Úly Jaratushyny jaratylysqa úqsatyp, Haqqa meken, dene-pishim berip adasushylyqqa úryndy. Tipti, senim men amaldy tútas qarastyryp, sharighat bekitken qúlshylyq-ritualdardy oryndamaghan adamdy kәpirge shyghardy.

Egemendikten keyin syrtqa esik ashylghan sәtte Saud-Arabiyasyna baryp diny bilim alghan jastar elge oralghannan song Qazaqtanda uahapshyldyqtyng keng óris aluyna qyzu júmys jasady. Búl kezde uahapshyldyq ilim elimizge Sururiya jәne Madhaliya tarmaghymen tarala bastady. Zadynda, búl diny tarmaqtar Saud Arabiyasynda 1990 jyldary payda boldy. Olardyng tarih sahnasyna shyghuynyng sebebi, toqsanynshy jyldary Irak biyleushisi Saddam Huseynn Kuveytti okupasiyalaghannan keyin, Saud Arabiyasy Baghdattyng әskery әreketinen qauiptenip, AQSh-pen auyz jalasty. Yaghni, Irak Hizaj aimaghyna әskery shapqynshylyq jasar bolsa, AQSh Saudiyany qorghaytyn bolyp kelisim jasaldy. Osynyng nәtiyjesinde qasiyetti Qaghbany iyelik etken el Protestanttyq alpauyt memleketke (AQSh) protektorat (bir memleketting әskery qorghauynda bolu) retinde baghynyshty  boldy. Saudiya ýkimetining búl sheshimine narazy bolghan Ahmet Surury bastaghan diny azshylyq top koroli biyligin «kәpirge» shyghardy. Olardyng payymynsha músylman memleketi ózge din ókilderimen auyz jalaspay, ózindik músylmandyq mýddeni qorghaugha tiyisti-tin. Al, biylikting sayasatyn jaqtaghan Múhammed Rabigh Madhaly bastaghan toby Sururiyanyng ústanymyn teristedi. Tipti, Albany sekildi Madhaliya ókilderi Sururiyany «Ýmbetting Hauarijderi» dep atady.

Elimizge synamalap enip ketken búl qaradýrsin qozghalys el ziyalylary tarapynan qatang syngha úshyraghannan keyin, uahapshyldyq ilimning tehnologtary qiynnan jol tabugha kiristi. Olar Qazaq qoghamyna syiymdy boluy ýshin әzirge orsaq tisterin kórsetpey, shynayy qúbyjyq beynesin qashan asyl múrattaryna iyek artqangha deyin jasyra túrudy jón sanady. Sóitip, uahapshyldar «qalypty salafitter» degen  ghylymy negizsiz, jalang tújyrymmen júmys jasaugha kóshti. Sururiya tarmaghynyng búl әdis-aylasy teologiya ghylymynda «tahiya» (jasyrynu) dep atalady. Yaghni, olardyng búl әnji әdisinen elimizde uahapshyldyqtyng «tahiyashylar» atty tarmaghy ortagha shyqty. Ishki yn-dyny aiparaday anyq kórinbegenimen, osy tahiyashylar uahapshylardyng ishindegi eng qauipti tarmaghy sanalady. Óitkeni, tahiyashylar qalyng búqaranyng qamyn jegen bolyp kórinip, kópshilikting senimine kirip, ynghayy kelgende sol últtyng bay-mәdeniyetining janazasyn shygharugha qúmbyl túrady. Sondyqtan, erteng qapy qalmas ýshin osy kýnnen bastap peri men perishteni, jәdigóy men jaqsyny aiyra biluimiz shart dep oilaymyz.

Álbette, Haq senim men últ mýddesine qylau týsiretin diny toptar múnymen shektelmek emes. El aumaghynda dәstýrli Hanafiya mazhabynyng ústyn-qaghidalaryna qarama-qayshy keletin tabliyghshylar, qúranshylar, Ahmadiya, Ismayliya, Bahaiya tәrizdi t.b kóptegen diny aghymdar júmys jasauda. Tipti, Týrkiyadan kelgen keybir kelimsek diny jamaghattardyng strategiyasynan memlekettik biylikke úmtylushylyqtyng úshqyny da angharylady. Áytse de, dәl qazirgi kýni eng qauipti diny aghymdardyng qataryna Hizbut-Tahriyr, Tәkfiyr-Hijrat, Sururiya, Madhaliya, Tahiyashylardy jatqyzumyzgha bolady. Tamyr tartyp, jeli salyp kele jaqan osy aghymdardyng aldyn-alyp ýlgersek, erteng el bolyp qalatynymyz talassyz aqiqat. Al, tentek pen tebizdi tiya almasaq, keler kýnimiz kómeski, bolashaghymyz búldyr tartpaq.

Diny aqparat kenistigining qauipsizdigin saqtauymyz kerek

Ýshinshiden, diny aqparattardy eksheu isinde bizding  ýkimet sylbyr qimyldaghandyqtan, diny ekstremistik mazmúndaghy ghalamtor sayttary kýni keshege deyin kereginshe qúlashyn jayyp, keng arnada júmys jasap keldi. Ghalamtordy paydalanushylardyng deni negizinen on-solyn tanymaghan jasóspirimder bolghandyqtan, diny azghyndyqqa bastaytyn aqparattardyng aq-qarasyn aiyra almay, ekstremistik oilardyng jeteginde ketip jatty. Odan qala berdi  diny sauaty kem dýmshelerding uaghyz-diskileri halyqqa shýlen taratylghanday tegin taratyldy. Diny aqparattardy sýzgiden ótkizetin arnayy tetik bolmaghandyqtan, bir qaynauy kem, qanshama shalaghay әdebiyetter elge tarap ketti. Árkim ózining oqyghanyn, tyndaghanyn, estigenin jón sanaytyndyqtan, kez-kelgen ortada halyq jaghy jar, tili kez bolyp bir-birimen aitysyp-tartysatyn jaghdaygha jetti. «Kelinning betin kim ashsa, sol ystyq kórinedi» demekshi, әlgi  dýmshelerding dauysy elge kóbirek jetkendikten, jas buyn solardy pir tútyp, dәstýrli diny tanymymyzgha múrynyn shýiirip qaraytyn boldy.  Sonyng saldarynan ziyalylarymyz qazirgi jiyrma men otyz jasqa deyingi aralyqtaghy din ústaghan jastardyng qarasyn «joghalghan úrpaqqa» balap jýr.

Juyqta www.musilmanin.com atty saytty ashyp qarap otyrsaq, Daryn Mýbarov degenning «aqidadan» jýrgizgen audio-dәrisi berilipti. Qissashynyng qiynnan qiystyryp әkep tógip-tógip jiberetin kóbik uaghyzyn shydamymyz jetip әzer tyndap otyrghanbyz. Kenet daryndy «әuliyemiz»: «Bizding Orta Aziya músylmandyghynda Allanyng mekeni joq degen týsinik qalyptasqan. Álbette, búlay deushilerdi birden kәpir deuge bolmaydy. Olargha Allanyng mekeni bar ekenin týsindiruimiz kerek. Sonda baryp qabyldamasa, onda olardy kәpirge shygharugha bolady», dep Qúdaydyng baryp mekenin kórip kelgendey jaghy-jaghyna tiymey, susyldap әngimeni soghyp otyr. Masqara! Mynaday kýpir uaghyzdy tyndaghan adam ne oilaydy? Bizding mazhabymyzdyng negizin salghan Imam Aghzam Ábu Hanifa ózining «Uasiya» atty enbegining ýshinshi ósiyetinde Jabbar Haqqa meken syilaugha bolmaytynyn qatang eskertken. Hәkim Abay da ózining ghaqliyasynda «Allanyng mekeni joq» dep payymdaghan. Ataqty Shәdi tóre de ózining «Ahual-Qiyamet» atty enbeginde «Allany bek meken» dep tújyrady. Jalpy, Orta Aziya músylmandary, tipti әhlu sunna aqidasyn ústanatyn iysi býtin músylman qauymy Haqta meken joq dep týsinedi. Al, daryndy uaghyzshynyng aituynsha, osylay ilanghan osynshama nópir halyqtyng bәri kәpir-mis. Búghan ne aitugha bolady? Múny tyndap ósken bauyrlarymyz qaghynan jerip, qalaysha ata-babasynyng bәrin kәpir demeydi. Shyntuaytynda, múnday kýpir kózaqastardyng músylman balasyna atom bombasynan da auyr soghatyny belgili. Yaghni, biz búl tústa diny aqparattyq qauipsizdik osynday synarjaq pikirlerding jolyn kesu, halyqqa jetuine tosqauyl qongmen aman saqtalatynyn basa aitqymyz kelip otyr. Áytpese, jastardyng kelesi bir buynyn taghy da «joghalghan úrpaqqa» ainaldyryp aluymyz әbden mýmkin.

Tól jamaghatymyzdy qúru - Alash balasynyng birtútastyghynyng kepili bolmaq

Tórtinshiden, býgingi qoghamnyng alghysharttary men jana talaptaryna say Qazaqtan Músylmandary Diny Basqarmasynyng qúziretin keneytip, jana mindetter jýktegenimiz jón. Sebebi, osydan on jyl búrynghy diny jaghday men qazirgi qal-ahualdy mýlde salystyrugha kelmeydi. Keshegi alqam-salqam kensesi bar, olpy-solpy kiyinip, ensesi týsken moldasy bar kóntorghay muftiyat pen býgingi zamanauy tehnologiyalyq jetistikterdi iygerip, damyghan músylman elderinen qarys-sýiem qalys qalmay kele jatqan QMDB-ny mýlde salystyrugha kelmeydi. Songhy on jyldyqta QMDB talay iygi isting basyn qayyrdy. TMD kólemindegi mandayaldy qúzyrly mekemege ainalyp ýlgerdi. Áytkenmen, QMDB-nyng shyghar shyny, úshar biyigi búl emes. Áli de «әttegen-ay» deytin kem tústarymyzdyng ornyn toltyruymyz kerek. Qazaqstan qoghamynda 2300 meshitting basyn qosqan QMDB aibarly da aduyndy mekemege ainalghanymen, osy alyp qúrylymnyng ishki ruhany tútastyghy hәm halyqpen etene jaqyndyghyn әli de jetildire týsu qajet. Kópshilikting ishinen: «QMDB qyzmetkerleri nemese imamdar qúdayy tamaq pen janazadan basqa uaqytta tek meshit tónireginde ghana diny qyzmet jasaydy» degen úshqary әngimelerdi estip qalyp jatamyz.  Yaghni, din shyraqshylarynyng jaryghy meshitten ary aspay jatady degen kýnkil sóz el ishin jeldey esip túr. Álbette, birjaqty aitylghan búl pikirmen kelisuge bolmaydy. Degenmen, meshitten tysqary aumaq bos kenistik bolghan son, onyng ornyn qaptaghan kelimsek diny jamaghattar toltyryp jatatyny da jasyryn emes. Qazir din ústaghan halyqtyng basym kópshiligining arqa sýier piri bizding imamdarymyz emes, sol kelimsek diny jamaghattardyng sheyhtary bolyp otyr. Kez-kelgen namazhannyng artynda bir diny top túrady desek, sirә,  qatlespeymiz.

Kezinde, HIH ghasyrda V.Radlov alty myng shaqyrymdyq aimaqty mekendeytin Qazaq degen halyqtyng salt-dәstýri men oilau jýiesi  birtútas ekenin kórip, tamsanyp jazghan bolatyn. Al, qazir syrttan kelgen diny aghymdardyng belsendi júmys jasauyna baylanysty, Alash balasy qanshama jamaghatqa bólshektenip ketti. Sóz joq búl qazaq qoghamynyng býgingi dәuirimizdegi eng ýlken qasireti!

Endeshe ne isteuimiz kerek? Qasiret beldeuining qaytsek kóbesi sógiledi? Asqynghan aurudyng em-domy tabyla ma?

Taqauda tolghaghy jetken osy mәselege qatysty belgili sayasattanushy A.Sarym myrza Alash balasynyng auyzbirshiligin saqtaytyn óz jamaghaty  bolu kerektigin algha tartty. Onyng payymdauynsha, Qazaq halqynyng músylmanshyldyghy fiykh mәselelerinde - Hanafiya, aqidada - Maturudiya, moralidik qúndylyqtardy tútynuda - týrki halyqtaryna Haq dinnen júghysqan izgi qasiyetterdi basshylyqqa alugha tiyisti. Zadynda, QMDB-nyng da diny ústanymy osy ýsh ústynnan túratyny belgili. Demek, Alash balasynyng ruhany tútastyghyn qamtamasyz etetin tól jamaghatymyzdyng negizin salushy QMDB-nyng ózi bolu qajet. Yaghni, jamaghattyng basynda Bas mufty men Shura túrsa, tómengi iyerarhiyalyq qúrylymyn әdettegi QMDB-nyng jýiesi qúrauy tiyisti. Tól jamaghatymyz, әsirese kelimsek diny jamaghattar iyelenip alghan kenistikte qara túyaghynan qal ketkenshe júmys jasauy kerek. Álbette, búl alandaghy kýres maytalman mamandardyng kórkem uaghyz-nasihatyna negizdelui qajet. Kanondyq hәm doktrinaldyq negizderi bir diny jamaghattarmen tonnyng ishki bauynday jymdasa júmys jasap, tipti maqsat-mýdde bir bolghandyqtan olardy QMDB ústanymymen biriktirip jiberuimiz kerek. Býgingi uaqyt enshisindegi búl qasiyetti kýreste Alash balasynyng ayanyp qalmasy anyq. Tek, biylik týsinistik bildirip, jol núsqasa eken dep tileymiz. Eger, ruhaniyatta býgin júdyryq bolyp júmyla almasaq, jahandanugha jútylyp, jertezek bolyp jeniliske úshyraytynymyz anyq.

Áyel zatyn kemsitu, Alashqa abyroy әpermeydi

Besinshiden, Qazaq qoghamynda әielderding dini  qúqyghy óz dengeyinde qorghalyp otyrghan joq. Ásili, Haq dinning órken jangymen әiel zatynyng ar-namysy qorghalyp, nәzik jandylardyng újdany úlyqtaluy tiyisti edi. Sebebi, músylmandyq mәdeniyette әiel zatyna degen ghizat-qúrmetting erek ekendigi kópshilikke mәlim. Qasiyetti Qúran-Kәrim men Haq Elshisining (s.a.u) ósiyetterinen onyng iz-tabyn aiqyn angharugha bolady. Alayda, bazbir qaranghy týsinikting jeteginde jýrgen jýgensizder әiel zatyn janynyng jalauy emes, tek nәpsining qalauy retinde paydalanuda. Sharighatta er adamgha kóp әiel alugha qúqyq berilgenimen, onyng qajetti alghysharttary bar. Al, ol alghysharttardy attap ótsek, múnymyz sharighat kótermeytin asylyqqa jatady. Sondyqtan, býgingi bizding qoghamda әielderding diny qúqyghyn qorghaytyn qúrylymgha degen qajettilik aiqyn seziledi. Sonymen qatar, әiel zatynyng bitim-bolmysy (fiziologiyasy) bólek jaratylghandyqtan, sharighatta nәzik jandylargha qatysty ýkim-qaghidalar da bólekshe bolyp keledi. Olay bolsa, әiel qauymy ózderine tәn mәselelerdi ózderi qarauy tiyisti. Biz osy sebepten de QMDB-nyng qúramynan «Áyelder burosy» ashyluy kerek dep bilemiz. «Áyelder burosynyn» oblystyq jәne audandyq bólimderi de júmys jasauy qajet. Osylaysha «Áyelder burosy» halyqpen tyghyz qarym-qatynas ornatqanda ghana qoghamnyng búl týiinin tarqatugha bolady dep oilaymyz.

Jalpy, әielderding ar-namysyn qorghau nemese zinaqorlyqpen kýres tek dinning tútqasyn ústaghan azamattardyng ghana mindeti emes. Azghyndyqpen alysu - memlekettik qúzyrly oryndardyng qasiyetti paryzy, qala berdi әrbir azamattyng asyl boryshy boluy tiyis. Tayau jyldary teledidardan kórdik, Almatydaghy bir oqu ornynyng aula sypyrushysy әr kýni tanerteng jataqhana manayynan jynystyq qatynasta paydalanatyn jýzdegen mýsheqapty sypyryp alady eken. Sonda, әlgi jataqhanalar әrbir týni jyn-oynaqtyng ordasyna ainalady degen sóz. Búl Almatydaghy jataqhanalargha ghana tәn nәrse emes, elimizdegi jynys taldamaytyn jataqhanalardyng barlyghyn tiyesili jәit. Zinaqorlyq tendensiyasy osylay jalghasa berse, últymyzdyng túqymy túzday qúruy әbden mýmkin (Qúday onyng betin ary qylsyn). Ásili, әrbir әke-sheshe úly men qyzyn oqugha jibergende, betimen ketip, búzylsyn demeydi. Qúdaydan úl-qyzym bilim alyp, mamandyq iyesi atansyn dep tileydi. Alayda, kók órim jastarymyzdyng kópshiligi ýmitti aqtamay, ata-ananyng kógeninen bosaghannan keyin albyrttyqqa erik berip jatady. Zadynda, zinaqor qoghamnyng keleshektegi súlbasyn kózge elestetu qorqynyshty hәm jiyerkenishti. Al, asyl tekti el bolamyz desek, zinaqorlyq dertinen qúlan-taza aiyghuymyz shart. Ol ýshin jataqhanalardy jynysqa qaray bólip, nekesiz jynystyq qatynas jasaugha jol bermeuimiz qajet. Haq Elshisi (s.a.u) ózining ósiyetterining birinde: «Kýnәgha kózin júmghan - kýnәhar, kýpirlikke jol bergen - kәpir» deydi. Eger, zinaqorlyqtyng etek aluyna osylaysha nemkettilikpen qaraghan bolsaq, keler úrpaqtyng bizge laghynet jaudyratyny aidan anyq. Sondyqtan, Bilim jәne Ghylym uәzirligi uaqytty úzatpastan jataqhanalardy jynysqa qaray aiyryp, jastarymyz jeniltektikke úrynbasy ýshin tәlim-tәrbiyege kóbirek basymdyq berui qajet dep bilemiz.

Dinge bóliner qarjynyng ashyqtyghyn qamtamasyz etu qajet

Altynshydan, elimizdegi dini-ahualdy tolyq baqylauda ústau ýshin dinge bólinip jatqan qarajat kózderining ashyqtyghyn qamtamasyz etuimiz qajet. Beyresmy derekterge qaraghanda bir jyldaghy dinning ainalasyndaghy aqshanyng kólemi 200 mlrd tengeden asyp jyghylady eken. Ásirese, shetelden tartylatyn nemese elimizdegi shetel azamattary qúrghan kompaniyalardyng din salasyna bóletin qarajatyna qatang baqylau ornatuymyz shart. Bizding qarjy intituttary әli kýnge deyin qayyrymdylyq jasau men diny sektalargha audarylatyn aqshany bir-birinen dúrys aiyra almay keledi. Shyntuaytynda sheteldikterding qayyrymdylyq jasaugha aiyrghan aqshasy óz sektalarynyng órisin úlghaytu ýshin beriledi. Al, mysyq tileu missionerler ýshin qarajat degenimiz - adamdardy aldap-arbap, apanyna kirgizuding qúraly, asay-mýseyi ispetti. Osy túrghyda din ýshin qúiylghan әrbir baqyr tiyn erteng el azamattaryn ishki erkindiginen aiyratyn qaraqúiyn pәleketke ainalady desek asyra aitqandyq emes. Tipti, dinning atyn jamylyp, tórt qaruyn asynghan lankesterding de ishek mayyn aghartyp, jarylys jasaugha jeliktirgen dinar men dirhemderding synghyry ekendigi bizge belgili. Sektanttar osy shaqqa deyin dәstýrli ruhany qúndylyqtardan kemtar kóptegen otandastarymyzdyng әleumettik jaghdayynyng әlsizdigin útymdy paydalanyp, olardy óz qataryna qosyp, qarasyn kóbeytken ýsine kóbeytude. Jalpy, din salasyna shetelden audarylatyn qarajattan ózge, naq el azamattarynan týrli izgi ýrdister (sadaqa, nәzir, qajylyq, zeket) ýshin bergen qarajatynyng ózi odan aryqaray qanday maqsatta kәdege asatyny bizge beymәlim. ­Ótken jyly QMDB-nyng bastamasymen «Zeket» qory qúrylghany barshamyzgha mәlim. Zang shenberinde qúrylghan osy «Zeket» qory jinalghan qarajatty nendey maqsatta júmsaytyndyghyn óz jarghysynda anyq ta aishyqty kórsetken. Al, búdan ózge týrli qorlar men jamaghattardyng halyqtan búlap alyp, jemsauyna týsirgen qarjyny qayda júmsaytyny, kimderge ýlestiretini bir Jabbar Haqqa ghana ayan. Búl kýngirt perdeni serpip tastau ýshin әlbette diny ainalymdaghy aqshanyng ashyqtyghyn qamtamasyz etetin memlektettik tetik qarastyrghanymyz jón. Yaghni, dinning tónireginde qarajatty baqylaytyn arnayy qúziretti organ qúrsaq qúba-qúp bolmaq.

Jalpy, músylman elderinde dindi qarjylandyru uaqyvtyq jýiege jýktelgen. Bizding elimizde birtindep osy uaqyvtyq jýiening tiyimdiligin óz iygiligine jaratuy kerek. Mysalgha, Týrkiyada uaqyvtar diny oryndar men ghimarattardy túrghyzu, abattandyru, jóndeu júmystaryna, sonday-aq, ózge de diny birestikterdi materialdyq-qarjylyq qamdau mәselelerine qatystyrylady. Al, diny birlestikterdi baqylau hәm basqaru isi muftiyatqa jýkteledi. Bizding elimizde QMDB-nyng qarjylyq isterde uaqyvtyq úiymdarmen koordinasiyalyq jýiede júmys jasauyna mýmkindik tudyruy qajet. Sonda, din salasy óz ishinde qaynap, ózin-ózi qarjylandyratyn bolady. Álbette, uaqyvtyq jýiening negizin salu ýshin aldymen onyng qúqyqtyq bazasyn qalyptastyru kerek. Ol ýshin de ishki diny ahualy bizge úqsas tuys memleketterding tәjiriybesine arqa sýieuimiz qajet dep bilemiz.

Diny bilim beruding zamanauy tetikterin iygergen abzal

Jetinshiden, Qazaqstan zayyrly el bolghandyqtan, arnayy diny bilim beru isi de memlekettik bilim beruden bólingen. Onyng ishinde QMDB-gha qarasty medireselerding oqu baghdarlamasynyng jýiesi de ózge oqu oryndaryna qaraghanda ózgeshe sipatqa iye. Osy sebepten de osy kýnge deyin medireselerimiz memleketting qamqorynsyz, óz mayyna ózi quyrylyp, dinge janashyr jekelegen mesenattar men qorlardyng esebinen kýn kórip keledi. Ókinishke qaray, osyghan baylanysty, medireselerimizde ortaq diny bilim beru ýrdisi qalyptaspaghan. Degenmen de, ýstimizdegi jyldan bastap, medreselerde biringhay oqu baghdarlamasyn qabyldau hәm diny bilim beruding sapasyn arttyru mәselesi ekpindi týrde qolgha alyna bastady. Osy bastamalargha qyzu qoldau bildire otyryp, elimizdegi JOO-ry men medireselerdi damytu ýshin mynaday úsynystar aitpaqshymyz:

A) Elimizde dintanu mamandaryn dayyndaytyn birneshe JOO bar ekeni belgili. Áytkenmen, osy oqu oryndarynyng oqu ýderisinde birizdilik joq. Mәselen, Q.A.Yasauy atyndaghy Halyqaralyq Qazaq-Týrik uniyversiytetinde kóbine týrik ústazdar qyzmet etetindikten, ondaghy dintanu mamandary Týrkiya Respublikasynyng standarttaryna say әzirlenedi. Sol siyaqty «Núr» Qazaq-Egiypet Uniyversiytetinde negizinen teologiyalyq pәnder boyynsha Mysyr elinen kelgen din ústazdar dәris beretindikten, múnda Kayr jәne әl-Azhar uniyversiytetterining әdis-tәsilderi qoldanysqa iye. Al, Ál-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq Últyq uniyversiyteti men Gumiylev atyndaghy Euraziya Últtyq uniyversiytetinde bayaghy Kenestik dәuirdegi dindi oqytudyng «ateizm» sarqynshyqtary әli úshyrasady. Ár oqu orny osylaysha óz bilgenimen din mamandaryn dayyndar bolsa, diny alajanqalyqty biz óz qolymyzben tudyrghan bolyp eseptelmeymiz be? Yaghni, din salasynda ótkir túrghan osy mәseleni tez arada bir jýiege keltirmesek, erteng opyq jeytinimiz anyq.

Á) mediresedegi bilim beruding sapasyn arttyru ýshin eng aldymen ústazdardyng biliktiligin shyndau qajet. Elimizdegi medirese ústazdarynyn  deni - Týrkiya, Mysyr, Pәkistan jәne otandyq diny oqu oryndaryn tәmamdaghan dintanushy nemese islamtanushy azamattardan túrady. Yaghni, ústazdarymyzdyng diny joghary bilimi bolghanymen, Islamy bilim beruding dәstýrli pәnderi - arab tili, fiykh, aqida, tәpsir, hadiys, tariyh, ahlah ilimin qanshalyqty iygergendigin bile bermeymiz. Osy sebepten de, QMDB mediresege qyzmetke qabyldau barysynda ústazdardan arnayy emtihan qabyldauy kerek dep bilemiz. Al, emtihan ústazdardyng jýrgizetin pәni boyynsha alynuy shart. Yaghni, óz isining maytalmany ekenin kórsete bilgen ústazdar ghana medireselerde qyzme etetin bolsa, onda sóz joq búl shәkirtterding sapaly bilim aluyna iygi әserin tiygizedi.

B) medireseler ýshin arnayy qazaq tilinde jazylghan diny oqulyqtar joqtyng qasy. Osydan da ústazdarymyz oqu ýrdisinde kóbine-kóp qazaq tilinde basylghanymen oqulyq әdisnamasy joq, qúr tanymdyq diny kitaptardy basshylyqqa alady nemese shet tilinde jazylghan oqulyqtargha jýginedi. Al, shet tilinde jazylghan oqulyqtardyng әdisnamasy qazaq balasynyng psihologiyasyna sәikes jasalmaytyny beseneden belgili. Yaghni, oqytu metodologiyasy bir izge týspegennen keyin, búl shalaghay jayttyng shәkirtterding bilim aluyna keri әserin tiygizetini aitpasa da týsinikti. Osy olqylyqtyng ornyn toltyru ýshin QMDB әrbir pәn boyynsha «Ýzdik oqulyq» bәigesin  jariyalaghany jón. Búl iske elimizdin  joghary oqu oryndarynyng «dintanu» jәne «islamtanu» kafedralarynyng qyzmetkerlerin  qatystyryp, olardyng da aqyl-kenesin alu qajet. Sonda, jan-jaqty pisip-jetilgen ýzdik oqulyqtar jazylady dep ýmittenugha bolady.

V) medireselerding sapasyn kóteru ýshin QMDB eki jylda bir ret aralyq baqylau (akriditasiya) sýzgisin jasau kerek siyaqty. Búl shara qolgha alynsa, birjaghynan bizge medireselerding sapalyq kórsetkishin anyqtap beredi. Ekinshi jaghynan medireselerdegi týrli sapasyz isterding aldyn-alugha mýmkindik beredi. Yaghni, akriditasiyadan óte almaghan medireselerge olqylyqtyng ornyn toltyruyna belgili-bir merzim beru arqyly medireselerding bilim sapasy men әleuetining kóteriluine serpin beremiz. Búl shara -  qazirgi tanda memlekettik oqu oryndarynda biringhay qoldanylyp keledi. Tipti, óz jemisinde berip jatyr. Demek, tәjiriybede bar osy ýrdisti biz de óz kәdemizge jaratuymyz shart.

D) medirese shәkirtterining bilim kórsetkishin belgileu ýshin jylyna bir ret medireseler arasynda bilim sayysyn (olimpiada) ótkizip túrghanymyz jón. Al, olimpiadada jogharyda atap ótken arab tili, fiykh, aqida, tәpsir, hadiys, tariyh, ahlah pәnder boyynsha jeke-jeke sayys ótui tiyis. Sayysta qatarynan ýsh ret jýldeger atanghan shәkirtterge Núr Qazaq-Egiypet Islam uniyversiytetine oqugha týsuine tegin joldama bersek, búl shәkirtterding oqu-bilimge degen yntasyn arttyra týsetini anyq. Ári búl shara shәkirtterimizding Islamdaghy belgili-bir pәnge beyimdeluine óz septigin tiygizedi dep oilaymyz.

G) medirsedegi bilim berudi baqylau ýshin әrbir medirese óz ghalamtor saytyn ashyp, onda shәkirtterding oqu ýlgerim kórsetkishining elektrondy núsqasyn berip otyrsa qúba-qúp bolmaq. Búl bir jaghynan QMDB-nyng oqu bólimining bir nýkteden medireselerdi qadaghalauyna, ekinshi jaghynan ata-analardyng da óz úldarynyng oqu ýlgerimin ýide otyryp baqylauyna septigin tiygizedi. Elbasymyz elektrondy ýkimet qúrugha talpynyp jatqanda, búl ýrdisten din salasynyng qalys qalghany jaramaydy. Múndaghy aitpaghymyz, músylman adam óz zamanynyng jetistigin alghash bolyp iygerui shart. Yaghni, biz әrbir iste ilgerley biletin ilkimdi qadamdar jasaugha tiyistimiz.

E) medireselerdi qarjylandyru isin de ortalyqtandyruymyz kerek tәrizdi. Býginde elimizdegi keybir medireselerdi bazbir mesenattar nemese belgili-bir qorlar qarjylandyryp otyr. Osyghan baylanysty el arasynda «pәlenshening mediresesi nemese týgenshishilerding medirsesi» degen әngimening jeldey eseteni de әmbege ayan. Tútas qazaqty yrdu-dyrdu etetin osy qanqu sózderge toqtam jasau ýshin barlyq medireselerding ortaq budjeti boluy kerek dep oilaymyz. Janaghy dinge janashyr mesenattar men qorlar qarjysyn QMDB-nyng medireseler ýshin ashqan esep-shotyna qúiyp, ol jerden barlyq medireselerge qarjy teng bólingen jaghdayda, biz әlgindey jelbuaz әngimelerding aldyn-alamyz. Al, búl bizding ruhany tútastyghymyzdy saqtap qalugha jasalghan qadamdardyng biri bolmaq.

IY) medireselerding sapasymen birge sanyn da arttyruymyz qajet dep oilaymyn. Ásirese, diny jaghday ushyghyp túrghan teriskey jәne batys ónirlerde jana medireseler ashu kýn tәrtibinde túrghan ótkir mәselelerding biri sanalady. Býginde qay jerde bos kenistik bolsa, sol jerding erteng apat aimaghyna ainalatyny dәleldeudi qajet etpeytin aksiomagha ainaldy. Yaghni, teriskey jәne batys aimaqtaryna jana medireseler ashsaq, búl sharanyng aldaghy uaqytta ondaghy ruhany ahualdyng týzeluine óz yqpalyn tiygizetini haq. Sonymen birge, jogharyda aityp óttik osy kýni músylman júraghatynda әielder mәselesi de jiyi-jii qylang berip qaluda. Islamdaghy óz qúqyghyn tereng bilmegendikten, lankester apa-qaryndastarymyzdy týrli jansaqtyqqa úryndyruda. Búl mәselening de dereu ong sheshimin jasau ýshin nәzik jandylardyng diny bilimin arttyru maqsatynda qyzdar medireselerin ashqanymyz abzal.

K) Qazaqstanda bilikti islamtanushylar men dintanushylardy әzirleu ýshin әlemdik tәjiriybening ozyq әdisterin qoldanghanymyz jón. Mәselen, Egiypettegi «Ál-Asqar» oqu ornynda uniyversiytetke týsu ýshin aldymen medireseni (kulliya) tәmamdauyng qajet. Al, mediresege ortalau mektepti (9 synyp) bitirgen týlekterdi qabyldaydy. Sonda, mediresedegi shәkirt arab tili men diny ilimning teoriya-metodologiyasyn iygerip, al, joghary oqu ornynda professianaldy bilim alugha saqaday say bolyp shyghady. Bizding elimiz de bilikti din mamandaryn dayarlauy ýshin joghary oqu ornyndaghy din fakulitetine tek medirese týlekterin qabyldauymyz kerek. Sonda, din salasyna kóldeneng kók atty kelip kiylige almaytyn bolady. Ári búl individterdi adastyrushy aghymdardan saqtandyrugha hәm dýmshelikti joigha óz septigin tiygizetin izgi shara bolmaq.

L) Osy shaqqa deyin memleketimiz jastarymyzdyng qanday elde, qanday oqu ornynda diny bilim alatynyn jiti qadaghalamaghandyqtan, býginde elimiz shetelde oqyp kelgen dýmshe ústazdardyng din-nasihatynan teperish kórip otyr. Búl mәselening aldyn-aluymyz ýshin jastardyng shetelder de diny bilim aludy birtindep shekteuimiz kerek siyaqty. Yaghni, el aumaghynan tys jerlerdegi diny oqu oryndaryna azamattardy tek ghylymy dәrejesin kóteru maqsatynda ghana jiberu qajet dep bilemiz. Onyng ózinde Qazaqstannyng diny sorabymen sabaqtasatyn Týrkiya, Mysyr, Pәkistan sekildi elderding belgili degen oqu oryndarynda jastardyng biliktiligin kóterip, tәjiriybe almasuy ýshin ghana baruyna jol ashu kerek. Basqa jaghdayda shәkirtterding shetel asuyna ada-kýde shekteu qoyghanymyz jón.

Diny ghylym ilgerleui ýshin ne isteuimiz qajet?

Segizinshiden, Qazaqstanda teologiya jәne islamtanu ghylymy tym kenjelep damyp keledi. Osy kýnge deyin alys-jaqyn shetelderde oqyp kelgen hәm otandyq birdi-ekili ghalymdar ghana osy salagha qatysty qalam terbep jýr. Biraq, akademiyalyq dengeyde zertteu júmystaryn jasaghan ghalymdar sausaqpen sanarlyqtay tym az. Kópshiligi betine kón teri qaptap alghan kóshirip jazghysh barymtashylar. Osy túrghydan alghanda dәldýrish dintanushylardyng birazyn tek «kórkem audarmashy» dep baghalaugha tura keletin siyaqty. Álbette, ghylym múnday bassyzyqpen eshqashan ilgerlemeydi. Desek te, elimizde songhy jyldary ghylymgha degen talaptyng ózgerui, diny ghylymnyng túiyqtan shyghyp, ilkimdi qadamdar jasauyna óz septigin tiygizui mýmkin. Sebebi, ghylym turaly jana ereje boyynsha kez-kelgen ghylymy dissertasiyagha әlemdik janalyq ashugha talap qoyylyp otyr.

Búdan bólek granttar negizinde ghylymy júmyspen shúghyldanugha keletin bolsaq, ýkimetimiz teologiya jәn islamtanu ghylymyna tym az kónil bóletin tәrizdi. Dinge qatysty bólingen granttardyng tizbesine kóz jýgirtsen, ne jylaryndy, ne kýlerindi bilmeysin. Kileng ghylymy súranysty qanaghattandyrmaytyn taqyryptardan kóz túnady. Sirә, ghylymy grantty jariyalaushy sheneunikter kerek pen óte kerekting bayybyna bara bermeytin siyaqty. Sebebi, ótken ghasyrda ateistik dәuirdi basynan keshirgen Qazaq qoghamy ýshin teologiya jәne islamtanu ghylymy tansyq salalardyng birine ainalyp ýlgergen-tin. Al, kez-kelgen tyng salada fundamentalidy ghylymgha dúrystap den qoymasan, ol ghylymnyng arshyndap algha basuy ekitalay. Sol ýshin de diny ghylymdy damytu ýshin әlemdik dinder tarihy men teologiya ghylymynyng qyr-syryn ashatyn, sonday-aq, Islamdaghy dәstýrli tәpsir, hadiys, fikh, kәlam, ahlah, tarih sekildi taqyryptargha bәige jariyalanyp, ózindik túrghydan tújyrymdalghan jýieli týrde tom-tom enbekter jazylsa, diny ghylymnyng damuyna danghyl jol ashylghan bolar edi. Býgin búl biyikke kóterilmesek, shetel shygharmalaryna telmirip, ózgening shaynaghanyn ózek etetin qashanghy әdetimizge әste tosqauyl bola almaymyz.

Shyntuaytynda, Qazaqtyng keng jazirasynda osydan birneshe ghasyr búryn Islamy ghylymnyng irgetasy qalanghan. Bizding dalamyzdan qanshama iyir-bútaqtar kógerip shyghyp, ghalamdyq ghylym men mәdeniyetke óz mәuesin bergen. Oghan Farab, Isfidjab, Týrkistan, Taraz, Syghnaq, Jend, Kerderi, Dulat, Qonyrattan shyqqan qanshama ghúlamalarymyzdyng enbekterin atap ótuimizge bolady. Ókinishtisi, Á.Derbisәli, Á.Muminov, Sh.Kerim, D. Kenjetay, T.Qydyr sekildi ghalymdardy aitpaghanda, kómbede jatqan tól ghúlamalarymyzdyng enbekterin jaryqqqa shygharugha den qoyghan soqtaly zertteushiler joqtyng qasy. Teginde, Qazaq halqynyng osy inju-marjandaryn jaryqqa shygharyp, ondaghy ghylymy negizderdi kәdemizge jaratu býgingi kýnning kezek kýttirmeytin mәselelerding biri. Osy iygi isti de әrirek baryp tereng zertteuge memleketten arnayy granttar bólinse qúba-qúp bolar edi oilaymyz.

Halqymyzdyng salt-dәstýri, boyymyzdaghy tasyghan qanymyz

Toghyzynshydan, Qazaq qoghamyndaghy tyghyryqqa tirelip, sheshimin tappay jýrgen jayttyng biri - halqymyzdyng salt-dәstýrining qazirgi sor-manday kýii desek әste qatelespeymiz. Búlaysha kóz jasymyzdy búlap, zarlauymyzdyng sebebi, Haq dinmen qauyshqanyna myng jyldan astam uaqyt bolghan Qazaq halqynyng salt-dәstýrlerin Islamgha qayshy dep biletin elimizde túrpayy bir diny tobyr payda boldy. Belgili ghalym, islamtanushy Q.Joldybayúly «Din men Dil» atty enbeginde olardyng dauryqpasyn sharighat ýkimderimen teristegenimen, tong moyyn top ókilderi alghan betinen qaytqysy joq. Al, Qazaq halqy ústanghan Hanafiya mazhabynda salt-dәstýr men әdet-ghúryp (urf) qúqyqtyq ýkim beruding jeti qaynar-kózining birine jatady. Dәlirek aitar bolsaq, bir últtyng Qúran men Sýnnetke qayshy emes negizdegi qashannan beri qalyptasqan әdet-ghúryppen ýkim berudi fakiyhter Haq dinge qayshy emes dep biledi. Yaghni, tuyndaghan bir mәselege qatysty naqylda (Qúran men Sunnet) naqty ýkim bolmay, ony sheshuding dúrys joly әdet-ghúrypta bolghan bolsa, ol Islamnyng josyq-ýkimi retinde qabyldanady. Osy rette әdet-ghúryptar «sahiyh» jәne «fasiyd» bolyp ekige bólinedi. Sahih әdet-ghúryptarda Qúran men Sýnnetke qarama-qayshylyq bolmaydy. Al, fasid әdet-ghúryptyng din negizderine qayshy tústary bolghandyqtan, sharighat ony qúptamaydy. Qazaqtyng dinge teris ghúryptary Islamdy qabyldaghan on ghasyrda birte-birte joyylyp otyrghan. Al, býginge jetken salt-dәstýrlerimizding Haq dinge esh alabótendigi joq. Qazaqtyng kóz quanyshy sanalatyn shildehana, besik toy, jeti atagha deyin qyz alyspau, syrgha taghu, qyz úzatu, kelin týsiru, betashar, qúdalyq, qonys toy, aitys, terme, biye-bau, qymyzmúryndyq, tolghau, shýlen taratu, telim beru, jyrtys jasau, kórisu, selt etkizer, úiqy ashar, bie bau, bәsire beru, bәige, audaryspaq, kókpar t.b tolyp jatqan salttarynyng qaysysy Haq dinimizge qayshy keledi? Egerәki, osy salt-joralarymyzdyng kinaraty bolsa, búrynghynyng ghúlamalary bir tyiym jasaghan bolar edi ghoy. Qazaq mәdeniyetin týp-túqiyanymen qúrtyp jibergisi keletin osy bir oghash pikirlerge toqtau salmasaq, qazaqy qalpymyzdan aiyrylyp, mәngýrt kýige týserimiz anyq. Olay bolsa, osy mәselening tiyanaghy men sheshimin saghyzsha soza bermey, ghúlamalardyng basyn qosyp, Qazaqtyng iyne-sabaqtan bastap, at jarystyryp, bәige beretin alaman dәstýrine deyingi barlyq salt-joralarynyng diny pәtuasyn jasaghanymyz jón dep bilemiz. Biz osylay tәuekel etsek qana qazirgi qoghamdaghy osy shiyelenisti jaghdaydyng kýrmeuin aghyta alamyz әri keleshek úrpaq diny pәtuasy berilgendikten búl mәselege qatysty dauryghyp jatpaytyn bolady.

Rasynda, osy mәdeniyet pen dindi bir-birine qarsy qoiydyng astarynda últsyzdanu úranynyng jeli esedi. Sirә, jahandanudyng osy jana tәsilin qoldaushy diny tobyrdyng ókilderi kimning itarshysy bolyp jýrgenin sezbeytin tәrizdi. Al, teologiya ilimi boyynsha din men últty bir-birine qarsy qoygha mýlde bolmaydy. Óitkeni, últty da ózindik erekshelikke ie etip Qúday-Taghala jaratqan. Bizding әuelgi ruhymyz jaratylghan әlimsaq әleminde Tәnir-Taghala bizding qay últtan boluymyzdy súraghan emes. Biz Haqtyng qalauymen Qazaq bolyp jaratyldyq. Endeshe, últtyq erekshelikke qarsy kelu, Tәnirining qalauyn qosh kórmeu degen sóz. Álbette, diny senim boyynsha búlay oilaudyng ózi asqan kýpirlikke jatady.

Memleket degenimiz - mәmilege kelgen azamattardyng meken etetin kenistigi

Onynshydan, songhy jyldary әsire dinshilderding әreketinen qoghamda din men memleket úghymy bir-birine qarama-qayshy týsinikter retinde úghynyla bastady. Diny ekstremizmmen ulanghan bazbir otandastarymyz Qazaqstandy kәpirstan sanap, memlekettik qúrylymgha qarsy kýresudi «qasiyetti kýreske» balap, el ishin alatayday býldirude. Tipti, Tәkfirshiler men Sururiya aghymynyng sodyrlary memlekettik qyzmetkerlerdi «taghut» (Haq dinning jaulary, kәpir, pút) sanap, olardy óltirseng qany adal degen paryqsyz pәtuasyn jariya etti. Ásirese, byltyrghy jyly din turaly zang qabyldanghannan beri әsiredinshilder memlekettik qúrylymgha ashyq kýreske shyqty. Osynyng «nәtiyjesinde» elimizde birneshe ret teraktiler oryn aldy.

Zadynda, zayyrly elderdegi dinning memleketke degen qatynasy sharighat zandarynada qarastyrylyp qoyghan. Sharighat boyynsha joghary sayasy úiymnyng ústyndary dinge negizdelmegenimen, biraq, diny rәsimderding oryndaluyna rúqsat beretin memleket «dәrul-sulh» nemese «dәrul-ahd» dep atalady. Músylman zangerleri diny rәsimderding jýzege asuyna rúqsat bergendikten, «dәrul-sulh» nemese «dәrul-ahd» túrpatyndaghy memleketting qabyldaghan zandaryna moyynsúnudy uәjip dep biledi. Bizding memleketimiz de diny ritualdardyng oryndaluyna shekteu qoymaghandyqtan, elimizding zayyrlyghyn da «dәrul-sulh» dәrejesine jatqyzugha bolady. Demek, diny rәsimderding qoghamdyq qúndylyqqa ainaluyna mýmkindik berip otyrghan Qazaqstan kәpirstan emes. Zayyrly elding zanyna moyynsúnuy da Haqqa serik qosqandyq sanalmaydy. Sonday-aq, Hanafiya ghúlamalarynyng bergen pәtuasy boyynsha «jihad» jasaugha tek memleket ghana baylam jasay alady. Sondyqtan, sodyrlardyng  әreketi sauapty is emes, kerisinshe, adasushylyqqa jatady.

Shiyryp aitqanda, «memleket» - arab tilinen tәrjimalaghanda mәmilege kelgen individterding birlesip ómir sýretin mekeni degen maghynany bildiredi. Qazaq memleketin de últtyq, dini, qoghamdyq kózqarastary bir arnada toghysqan azamattar qúryp otyr. Bayybyna bara bilsek, búl úghym demokratiyalyq prinsiptermen tereng ýndesedi. Al, diny payym-týsinik boyynsha memleketti absolutti kýsh (Tәnir) qúrady. Úly Jaratushy óz biyligin joghary sayasy úiymdardyng ókildigimen jýzege asyrady. Yaghni, Tәnir-Taghalanyng ózi jar bolyp qúrylghan memleketke qarsy túru - Qúdaydyng jaratylysyna qarsy shyghumen teng degen sóz. Búl - biylikke qarsy syn aitugha nemese teris bastamalaryna qarsy kýresuge bolmaydy degen maghynany bermeydi. Biylik әdilettilik túrghysynan әrqashan synala beredi. Biraq, memleketke qarsy shyghyp, Otannyng shanyraghyn shayqaugha bolmaydy.

Týiin

Qúrmetti Dinbasy, týptep kelgende aitpaghymyz, últ, din, memleket úghymdaryn bólshektemey, tútas qarastyruymyz shart. Sebebi, memlekettilikting mәngiligi ýshin eng bastysy qoghamdyq birizdilik saqtaluy tiyis. Al, birizdilik saqtaluy ýshin qogham bir últ pen bir dinning tónireginde toptasuy kerek. Osylay bolghanda ghana túghyry nyq, keudeli memleket qúra alamyz. Al, myqty memlekettik qúrylym - últ pen dinning abyroyynyng asqaqtauynyng basty kepili!

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