Memleket basshysy Qasym-Jomart Toqaev Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasynyng osy baghyttaghy sheshushi rólin aiqynday otyryp, etnomediasiya mýmkindikterin belsendi paydalanu mindetin qoyghan edi. Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasy Respublikalyq mediasiya kenesining tóraghasy, ózbek etno-mәdeny ortalyghynyng tóraghasy Sherzod PULATOV óz súhbatynda qoghamdyq kelisim instituttaryn damytu sharalary turaly aitty.

– Sherzod Abbozúly, Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasynda mediasiya qyzmetin engizu iydeyasy turaly aityp ótseniz.

– Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasy qoghamdyq kelisim instituttaryn ilgeriletu men damytuda lokomotiv bola otyryp, mediasiya institutyn da nazardan tys qaldyrghan joq. 2015 jyly QHA sheteldik sarapshylar men mediasiya trenerlerin tarta otyryp, qoghamdyq úiymdar men etnomәdeny birlestikterding ókilderi ýshin alghashqy oqytu seminaryn úiymdastyrdy. Býginde Assambleya qogham belsendileri arasynan mediatorlardy oqytu arqyly mediasiya institutyn túraqty negizde damytudy jalghastyruda.

– QHA mediasiya kenesining negizgi maqsaty qanday?

– Assambleya Tóraghasy —Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaev QHA-nyng 31-sessiyasynda Assambleya men onyng qúrylymdary qyzmetining eki baghytyn – etnomediasiya institutyn damytu jәne qúqyq qorghau qyzmetin kýsheytu ekenin aiqyndap berdi.

Etnomediasiya institutyn damytu ayasynda Assambleya mediatorlardy janjaldardy sheshuding jana qúraldaryna, onyng ishinde kelissózder men tatulastyru rәsimderi salasynda oqytudy josparlap otyr. Qazaqstan Respublikasy Bilim jәne ghylym ministrligining Qoldanbaly etnosayasy zertteuler institutynyng bazasynda Etnomediasiya ortalyghy qúryldy, sonymen qatar memlekettik qyzmetshiler men qogham ókilderin oqytugha baghyttalghan etnomediasiya oqu ortalyghyn qúru josparlanuda. Sonymen qatar, yqtimal qaqtyghystardyng aldyn alu maqsatynda shiyelenis aimaqtaryn anyqtau boyynsha taldau jәne zertteu júmystary jalghasady. Sonymen qatar, biz qaqtyghystardan keyingi basqarudyng tiyimdi algoritmderin engizudi josparlap otyrmyz, qaqtyghystar etnosaralyq dengeyge ótken aumaqtardy onaltu júmystary jýrgizilude.

– Etnomediasiyanyng mәn-maghynasy qanday?

– Eng aldymen, etnomediasiya – uaqyttyng ózekti talaby ekenin aita ketken jón. Búl termin býginde Assambleya ótetin oryndarda keninen qoldanylady. Etnomediasiya – etnosaralyq qayshylyqtardan tuyndaghan qaqtyghystardy sheshuding tiyimdi joly, onyng qatysushylary jeke adamdar da, adamdar toby da bola alady. Osylaysha, etnomediasiya tehnologiyalary men әdisterin etnosaralyq qatynastar salasynda júmys isteytin mamandar týrli etnostardyng nemese etnostardyng ókilderi arasynda tuyndaytyn janjaldy jaghdaylardyng aldyn alu, aldyn alu jәne sheshu maqsatynda paydalana alady.

– Últaralyq qaqtyghystardyng aldyn alu mәselesin ózekti etuge ne týrtki boldy?

– Últaralyq kelisimdi nyghaytyp, sayasy reformalardy jalghastyru bir-birimen tyghyz baylanysty jәne ózara tәueldi ýderister ekenin bilesizder. Halqymyzdy bir taghdyr biriktirgen, tatu-tәtti, tatu-tәtti bolsa da, songhy kezderi arandatushylyq arqyly ózining paydakýnemdik maqsatyn jýzege asyrugha tyrysatyndar da bar. Bizding qoghamda etnosaralyq sipattaghy janjaldar dep atalatyn barlyq janjaldar shyn mәninde onday emes, óitkeni olardyng negizinde biz әrqashan túrmystyq kelispeushilikterdi tabamyz. Etnosaralyq negizdegi qaqtyghys janjaldyng kez kelgen basqa týrleri siyaqty damu kezenderinen ótetinin, biraq onyng ózindik erekshelikteri bar ekenin týsinu kerek. Ol әleumettik ózara әrekettestikting basqa jelilerinde qalyptasqan konflikttik jaghdaylardy týsire otyryp, janjaldardyng barlyq basqa týrlerine enip kete alady. Eger konfrontasiyanyng subektileri qaqtyghystyng sebebine qaramastan, әrtýrli etnostardyng ókilderi bolsa, onda onyng damuynda búl konflikt etnikalyq renkke ie bolady jәne belgili bir kezende etnikalyq aiyrmashylyqtar basym boluy mýmkin. Etnikalyq qaqtyghystardaghy erekshelikterding kópshiligi әleumettik-mәdeny sipatta bolady. Mysaly, til, din, normalar, qúndylyqtar, әdet-ghúryptar, dәstýrler, stereotipter, últtyq rәmizder, oilau jәne minez-qúlyq jәne t.b. aiyrmashylyqtar. Qoghamnyng daghdarysty jaghdayyndaghy búl aiyrmashylyqtardyng әrqaysysy jergilikti intervaldyng syltauy nemese sebebi boluy mýmkin. Etnikalyq qaqtyghys nemese basqa últaralyq qaqtyghystardy týpkilikti sheshu mýmkin emes. Etnikalyq toptar bar bolghan kezde olardyng ózara qarym-qatynasynda qayshylyqtar mezgil-mezgil tuyndap otyrady. Sondyqtan últaralyq qayshylyqtardy anyqtap, zorlyq-zombylyqqa jol bermeu, daulardy sheshuding tiyimdi joldaryn tabu mәselesi bolyp otyr. Búl, shyn mәninde, kóp últty qoghamdaghy etnosaralyq qaqtyghystardy basqaru turaly. Etnikalyq qatynastardy basqaru strategiyasyn әzirleu ýshin býkil kópetnosty kenistikte ortaq ózara qolayly qúndylyqtar men normalardy tabu qajet. Eger últaralyq qaqtyghysty anyqtau jәne onyng payda bolu kezeninde onyng aldyn alu mýmkin bolmasa, onda birinshi kezektegi mindet zorlyq-zombylyqty toqtatu bolyp tabylady (eger ol oryn alsa). Ári qaray, taraptardyng konflikttik ózara әreketin dialog týrinde audaru qajet. Eger dau-damay subektileri arasyndaghy dialog qanday da bir sebeptermen mýmkin bolmasa, onda deldaldardy, yaghny etnomediatorlardy tartu qajet bolady.

– Mediator qyzmetine qayda jýginuge bolady? Mediasiya tegin qyzmet pe?

– Dau-damaygha tap bolghan kez kelgen azamat qoghamdyq mediatordyng qyzmetin paydalana alady, onyng ishinde daugha týrli etnos ókilderi qatystyrylghan jaghdayda. Býgingi kýni «Qoghamdyq kelisim» instituttarynyng mәlimetteri boyynsha respublikada 361 mediasiya uchaskesi bar, onyng ishinde 17 mediasiya kabiyneti oblystyq «Qoghamdyq kelisim» KMM jәne Dostyq ýilerinde, QHA janynan 344 dialog alandary ashyldy, olar memlekettik organdardyng qoghamdyq qabyldaulary, AMANAT partiyasy, kәsipodaq úiymdary, halyqqa qyzmet kórsetu ortalyqtary, daghdarys ortalyqtary, mektepter, emhanalar, audandyq, auyldyq әkimdikter jәne t.b. o
Onda Assambleya mediatorlary azamattardy qabyldap, tuyndaghan jaghdaydy sheshuge tegin kómek kórsetedi.

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