Fransuz filosofy Poli Virilio: «Aqparat - massa men energiyadan keyingi ýshinshi zat» degen eken. Sol ýshinshi zat – aqparatty kýnde jasap, ón­diretin jurnalisterding júmysy eng qauipti, eng auyr, eng mashaqaty kóp mamandyq ekenin kóp týsine bermeymiz. Bile-bilsek, jurnalisting aq­paratty tauyp, óndiretin, óndeytin, tarazylaytyn, sýzgiden ótkize­tin, hatqa basatyn, taspagha týsiretin, elge taratatyn kýndelikti júmy­synyng ózi tolyq sikldi kishigirim zauytqa para-par der edim. Jahan­danghan dәuirde myltyqsyz maydannyng sarbazdary –jurnalshy qauym­nyng әleumettik-qúqyqtyq, qoghamdyq, kәsiby mәrtebesine mór qoyyp, zandyq túrghydan bekitetin kez kelse de, «bayaghy jartas – sol jartas».

Myltyqsyz maydannyng sarbazdary

Jahandanghan zamanda elderding mem­le­kettik shekarasy bolsa da, aqparattyq sheka­rasy bolmaydy. Syrtqy aqparattyq-iydeologiyalyq qauipti tasqyngha tosqauyl qoi – onay sharua emes. Osynday kórin­bey­tin aqparattyq-mәdeny shekaranyng saq­shy­lary, qalqany hәm aqparattyq soghys­tar­dyng maydangerleri – jurnalshy qauym­nyng tәuelsiz elding irgetasyn qalau­daghy ýlesi ólsheusiz.

Fransuz filosofy Poli Virilio: «Aqparat - massa men energiyadan keyingi ýshinshi zat» degen eken. Sol ýshinshi zat – aqparatty kýnde jasap, ón­diretin jurnalisterding júmysy eng qauipti, eng auyr, eng mashaqaty kóp mamandyq ekenin kóp týsine bermeymiz. Bile-bilsek, jurnalisting aq­paratty tauyp, óndiretin, óndeytin, tarazylaytyn, sýzgiden ótkize­tin, hatqa basatyn, taspagha týsiretin, elge taratatyn kýndelikti júmy­synyng ózi tolyq sikldi kishigirim zauytqa para-par der edim. Jahan­danghan dәuirde myltyqsyz maydannyng sarbazdary –jurnalshy qauym­nyng әleumettik-qúqyqtyq, qoghamdyq, kәsiby mәrtebesine mór qoyyp, zandyq túrghydan bekitetin kez kelse de, «bayaghy jartas – sol jartas».

Myltyqsyz maydannyng sarbazdary

Jahandanghan zamanda elderding mem­le­kettik shekarasy bolsa da, aqparattyq sheka­rasy bolmaydy. Syrtqy aqparattyq-iydeologiyalyq qauipti tasqyngha tosqauyl qoi – onay sharua emes. Osynday kórin­bey­tin aqparattyq-mәdeny shekaranyng saq­shy­lary, qalqany hәm aqparattyq soghys­tar­dyng maydangerleri – jurnalshy qauym­nyng tәuelsiz elding irgetasyn qalau­daghy ýlesi ólsheusiz.

Jurnaliske kәsiby qyzmetimen jeti qabat kókke de, jeti qat jer astyna týsuge, janyn shýberekke týiip, ot pen oqtyng ortasyna barugha da tura keledi. Osy rette jurnalisterding erekshe әleumettik mәr­te­besin bekitu turaly Parlament minberinde talay ret deputattyq saual jasaldy. Depu­tat­tarymyz jurnalist qyzmetine dúrys baghasyn berip, kýresker retinde mәrtebe beru qajettigin de aitty. Juyrda ghana Resey Memlekettik Dumasynda jur­na­liys­ting mәrtebesin advokatqa tenestiru turaly úsynys jasaldy. Búl boyynsha jur­na­liys­ke qylmystyq is jýrgizu turaly she­shim­di tergeu organynyng basshysy ghana qabyl­day alady eken. Mine, elge qyzmet qylamyn, shyndyq pen әdildikti tu etemin degen jurnalist ýshin qajetti mәrtebe osy emes pe? Osynday qúqyqtyq mәrtebe bolghanda ghana shynayy jurnalistik zertteuler jasau­gha mýmkindik tuar edi.

Jurnalist mәrtebesin kóteruge bay­la­nys­ty baspasózde kóterilgen qadau-qadau birneshe mәseleni bólip aitugha bolady. Birinshiden, jurnalshy qauymdy әleumettik jenildikter alu jaghynan memlekettik qyzmetkerlerge tenestiru. Búl ýshin «Búqa­ra­lyq aqparat qúraldaryn memlekettik qoldau turaly», «Jurnalisterding mәr­te­besi turaly» nemese «Jurnalisterdi qor­ghau» turaly arnayy zandar qabyldau qa­jet degen úsynystar aityldy. Keybir deputattar jurnalisting mәrtebesine oray arnayy zang qabyldamay-aq, qoldanystaghy «BAQ turaly» Zangha ózgerister engizu kerek dep sanaydy. Ya bolmasa «Túrghyn ýy qaty­nas­tyry turaly» Zangha týzetuler engizilip, jurnalisterge de pәter aluda jenildikter qarastyryluy kerek dep esepteydi. Jalpy, elimizdegi BAQ-tyng 80 payyzy jekemenshik, al búl – jurnalisting әleu­mettik mәselesin mem­le­ket tarapynan sheshuge qol­baylau. Son­dyq­tan zannamada jur­naliys­ting әleumettik mәrtebesin belgi­leude memlekettik jәne jekemenshik BAQ dep jilik­temey, bәrine or­taq әleumettik jenil­dikter jasaluy qajet.

Ekinshiden, jurnalisterdi aqparattyq maydanda memleketting qoghamdyq pikirin qalyptastyrushy túlghalyq, qoghamdyq mәrtebesin belgileu kerek siyaqty. Búl mәr­tebe jurnalshy qauymnyng biylik pen halyq arasyndaghy altyn kópir ghana emes, syrtqy iydeologiyalyq, mәdeni, psiho­lo­giya­lyq, diniy-missionerlik kýshterding yqpa­lyna der kezinde toytarys beruine mýmkindikter berer edi. Búl tilshi qauymnyng memleketting núsqauynsyz-aq últtyq qauip­siz­dikke tóngen kez kelgen qauip-qaterge qarsy jedel әreket etuine jaghday jas­ay­dy. Osy qoghamdyq mәrtebe mem­le­ket pen BAQ-tyng birlesip әreket etuin ýilestiredi.

Tórtinshi biylik qashan tórletedi?

Biylikting ýsh tarmaghy men tórtinshi biylik qoyan-qoltyq júmys istegende ghana memleket pen qoghamnyng túraqtylyghyn saqtaugha bolady. Atqarushy biylik tórtinshi biylik arqyly qoghamnan kelgen signal­dar­gha oray dúrys sayasy sheshimder qabyl­dauy qajet. Jalpy, tórtinshi biylik – aqpa­rat­tyq qoghamnyng damuymen tyghyz baylanysty qalyptasqan úghym. Álbette, konstiy­tusiyalyq mәrtebesi bolmasa da, aqparattyq qoghamda tórtinshi biyliksiz qalghan resmy ýsh biylik (atqarushy, zang shygharushy jәne sot) tiyimdi júmys istey almaghan bolar edi. Bizde memlekettik organdardyng janynan baspasóz qyzmeti, resmy ókilderding júmys istep kele jatqany – jaqsylyq. Degenmen bizde tór­tinshi biylik tórge oza qoyghan joq. Mysaly, bizde BAQ-ta jazylghan maqa­la­largha qatys­ty qyzmettik, prokurorlyq tekseris­ter jýrgize bermeydi, jazylghan jaynay­qay, ashy shyndyq, ótkir mәseleler jabu­ly qazan kýiinde qalyp jatady. Sondyqtan jana aqparattyq ýrdisterdin, aqparattyq tehnologiyalardyng payda boluyna baylanysty tórtinshi biylikting rólin ký­shey­te otyryp, jurnalisterding mәrte­besin pysyqtaghan jón.

    Bir pikir

    Ahmet Alyaz, «Qazaqstan- Zaman» gazetining bas diyrektory:

    – Týrkiyadaghy jurnalisterding jaghdayy jaman emes, ortasha dengeyde. Áriyne, problemalar da joq emes. Mәselen, jurnalister iydeologiyalyq ústanymdaryna qaray әrtýrli BAQ-ta qyzmet etedi . Jurnalisterdi qudalau joq deuge bolady. Týrkiyada tek terrorlyq toptargha jәrdemdeskeni ýshin jurnalisterdi jauapqa tartyp jatady. Jalpy, týrik qoghamynda jurnalshy qauymnyng bedeli óte joghary.1997-1998 jyldary postmodernistik kóterilister kezinde, odan әskery kóterilester kezinde jurnalisterding yqpaly zor boldy. Tórtinshi biylik retinde joghary baghalap jatady. Preziydentten bastap, lauazymdy túlghalar syrtqy saparlarda jurnalisterdi qasyna ertip jýredi, әsirese publisist jurnalisterding bedeli ýlken. Odan bólek jurnalisterding qúqyn qorghaytyn birneshe jurnalistik odaq júmys isteydi. Jurnalistikagha alghash qadam basqan tilshiler 1-2 myng dollar alsa, Ýkimet basshylaryna yqpaldy publisist tilshiler 10 myng dollardan joghary jalaqy alady. Búryn jurnalisterde memlekettik әue kompaniyalarynda, qoghamdyq kólikte 50 payyz jenildikpen jýru qúqyghy bolghan edi. Keyin búl keybir tútynushylardyng narazylyghyna baylanysty alynyp tastaldy. Jurnaliske memleketting jәne ózi qyzmet etetin redaksiya tarapynan әleumettik qoldau jasaluy kerek dep oilaymyn.

 Qúbash SAGhIDOLLAÚLY

"Alash ainasy" gazeti