Júma, 22 Qarasha 2024
Aqmyltyq 3681 75 pikir 4 Nauryz, 2024 saghat 17:16

Ótirik shejireni qayta kóteru әrtis aghamyzgha ne ýshin kerek boldy?

Jaqynda Tiyk-tokta nazaryma Túnghyshbay Jamanqúlovtyng 1993 jyly Qazybekbek Tauasarúlynyng "Týp-túqiyannan ózime sheyin" degen jalghan kitaptyng jelisimen (300 myng danamen taralghan) Abylaydy "qaradan shyqqan qúldyng úrpaghy" dep aitqan súhbaty ilindi.

Sondaghy dәleli Búqar jyraudyng "Janys Qarabaydyng qolynda Týnde tughan úl edin" degen sózderi. Negizi búl iydeya "Qazaq handyghy tarihynda qaradan da shyqqan handar da bolghan" dep, Nazarbaevtyng biyligin negizdep, ony HAN etip jariyalau ýshin kerek boldy. Sol ótirik "shejire" Qazaqstannyng ziyaly ortanyng arasyna kәdimgidey jik saldy. Kazaq qoghamyndaghy "topshyldyqtyn" jikshildikke әkeletin teris әserin anyq kórsetti. "Týp-túqiyandy" jalaulatqan toptyng ókilderi kim, sol shejirening jalghan ekenin, býgingi "Sosialistik Qazaqstan" gazetining tilimen jazylghanyn alghashqy bolyp әshkerelegen Qazaqstannyng Halyq jazushysy Qabdesh Júmadilov boldy. Onyng 1993 jyly 5-qarashada Qazaq әdebiyeti gazetinde shyqqan "BIR ShEJIRENING QÚPIYaSY. NEMESE «ALDAMShY» BIYLER, «QUYRShAQ» HANDAR HAQYNDA" degen maqalasy shyghyp, "búlary qalay?" dep abdyrap qalghan halyqtyng kónilin ornyna qoydy.

Mine, sodan beri de shiyrek ghasyrdan astam uaqyt ótti. Biraq Abylaymen alysudy qoymaghan "antiabylayshylar" toby halyqty shatastyratyn, arasyna rushyldyq pen topshyldyqty qozdyrghannan basqa әkeler esh ónegisi joq ótirik shejireni nege sonshalyqty dәripteuga qúmar boldy eken. Solardyng qataryna Túnghyshbay Jamanqúlovta ilinipti. Jalpy alghashqy halyq narazylyghy men ótirikting aldyn alghan syn maqalalardan keyin ótirik shejire jasaushylar birazgha deyin ýnsizdik saqtady. Biraq aragha uaqyt salyp olardyng dausy qayta shygha bastap, ótirik shejirening ekinshi ainalymy bastaldy. Solardyng "konsepsiyasyn" qoldaytyn biraz "maqúlbaylar" tabylyp, olardy sóiletu ýshin әr jerde, әsirese JOO-da "ghylymiy-praktikalyq" konferensiyalar úiymdastyryldy.

Solardyng qortyndysy retinde ótirik shejirening kelesi ainalymynda 2019 jyly "ANYZ ADAM" jurnalynyng № 20-sany (16-31 qazan) tolyghymen sol shejirege arnaldy. Onda birqatar tarihshylar men qogham qayratkerlirining pikirleri berildi. Sonda, bir bayqalaghan nәrse, "antiabylayshylar" tobynan basqa avtorlar "Týptúqiyannan..." degen ótirik shejiredegi "konsepsiyagha" bas úryp ketpey, óz pikirlerin "jalpylama ortaq qúndylyqtar" ayasynda pikir aitty. Sol sanda Talas Omarbekovtyng da "Men búl kitaptan bir auyz ótirik taba almadym" degen maqalasy basylghan bolatyn.

2019 jyly qazanda ýsh adam bolyp Shymkentke barugha jolymyz týsti. Jolaushylap bara jatqandar Qazaqstannyng halyq jazushysy Qabdesh Júmadilov, t.gh.d., professor, әl-Faraby at. QazÚU Qazaqstan tarihy kafedrasynyng mengerushisi Talas Omarbekov jәne men sol kafedranyng oqytushysy. Maqsatymyz Bәidibek audanynda Sirgeli Qarabatyr eskertkishining ashyluyna qatysu. Jiyn-toy ayaqtalghan song Q. Júmadilov pen T. Omarbekov arasynda "Týptúqiyannan ózime sheyin" ótirik shejire jayly ekeu ara ashyq әngime boldy. Sonda jazushynyng "Áy, Talas, "Anyz adamdaghy" maqalany óz niyetinmen jazdyng ba әlde bireuler qystady ma? Búl kitap tolyghymen shyndyq bolsa, onda basymyzgha kóterip otyrghan ýsh by bala úrlaghan qaraqshy top, teksizden han qoyyp halyqty aldaghan alayaq bop shyghady emes pe?", degen qisyndy súraqtaryna aqyry shynyn aitty: "Qabeke, týsininz, jogharydan súrap qoymaghan song amalsyz jazyp edim", - degen bolatyn. Ótirik aitsam Qúday úrsyn! Kelesi jyly kýzde men Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov at-ghy Tarih jәne Etnologiya institutyna auysugha mәjbýr boldym...

Al, Búqar jyraudyng Abylaydyng "qaradan tughany" tural aitqan-aytpaghany jóninde aqiqatqa jetu qiyn emes. Onyng bir joly bar, ol ýshin derekting týp núsqasyn alyp informatordyng auzynan jazylyp alynghan mәtinde sol sózder bar ma joq pa?, - dep qarap salystyrsa jetkilikti. Bolghan jaghdayda da onyng sebebi bar.

Kenestik-totalitarlyq zamanda kez kelgen tarihy túlghany ghylymy ainalymgha qosu onay bolghan joq. Ásirese qoghamda tap kýresi men sosialistik realizm ústanymdary ýstemdik qúrghan qoghamda barlyq faktilerdi sham alyp sýzgiden ótketinin jaqsy bilemiz. Mysaly, "Uchenye y mysliytely Sredney Aziy y Kazahstana" degen ortaghasyrlyq ghúlamalar turaly jinaqty 1960-jj. shygharghan kezde әr ghalymgha arnap jazylghan taraudyng kirispesinde onyng ateistik kóz-qarasta bolghany turaly jazylghan. Ne ýshin? Sosialistik realizmning sharttaryna keltiru ýshin. Áytpese Islam dinining ghylymgha bergen jaghymdy serpini turaly aitsa búl jinaq shyqpaytyny anyq.

Sol siyaqty "Han emessing qasqyrsyn, Qara albasty basqyrsyn" degen jyr joldary XVII ghasyrda ómir sýrgen Marghasqa jyraudyng shygharmasynda da jәne "Han emessin, Qasqyrsyn, Qas albasty basqyrsyn" degen HIH ghasyrdyng dauylpaz aqyny Mahambet Ótemisúlynyng da tuyndysynda bar. Búdan shyghatyn qortyndy qanday? Biz aityp otyrghan totalitarlyq zamanda aqyn-jyraulardy tarih oqulyghyna engizu olardy ýstemtap ókilderine qarsy antoganiyzimin kórsetu kerek boldy. Sol sebepti aqyn-jyraulardyng shygharmalaryn basyp shygharu ýshin olardyng auzyna handy, handyq biylikti ýstem tap retinde synaytyn sóz salynuy tang qalatyn nәrse emes. Áriyne, osynyng anyghyn biletin adamdar bar shyghar. Týbi aqiqat ashylmay qoymaydy. "Ótirikting arty bir tútam". "Biraq, aqiqat boyjetken siyaqty ýnemi keshigip jýredi" (Q.Júmadilov).

Taghy bir oilandyratyn nәrse, Búqar jyrau Abylaydyng shyghu tegining "qúpiyasy" bilse, ony basqa jyraular nege bilmeydi. Búl mәlimetti Búqar jyraudan basqa esh bir jyrda, anyzda kezdestirmeymiz. "Qaradan han" qylu degeniniz jay, qatardaghy qúbylys emes qoy. Sol kezde naghyz "rezonans", dau tudyratyn nәrse. Ol sózding basqa esh jerde kezdespeytinine qaraghanda sol jóninde jogharyda aitylghan payymdauymyz dúrys siyaqty.

Búl jerde tandanatyn nәrse bireu: "Týp túqiyannan ózime sheyin" degen jalghan shejirening negizinde qayta-qayta ótirikten órnek oiu kimge jәne ne ýshin kerek boldy eken? Jogharyda aityp ketkenimizdey, búl iydeya "Qazaq handyghy tarihynda qaradan da han shyqqan" dep, Nazarbaevtyng biyligin negizdeu ýshin, ony HAN etip jariyalau ýshin kerek boldy. Ol zaman kelmeske ketken shyghar. Al, olay bolsa, ótirikti әri qaray byqsytudyng ne keregi bar? Qazaqtyng basyn qúray almay jatqanda aramyzgha taghy bir iritki týsirgisi kep otyrghan kimder?! Tiktoktaghy T.Jamanqúlovtyng aitqan myna sózderine qaraghanda ol aghamyz da "tarysy pisken ýiding tauyghyna" ainalghan siyaqty. Soghan qaraghanda ol kisining boyynda ózi somdaghan han men abyz-jyraulardyng danalyghynyn, aqyl-parasatynyn, kóregendigining júghymy da joq.

Al, "Túptúqiyannyn" qoldaushylary qansha tyryssa da Abylay siyaqty qazaq halqynyng mandayyna bitken taghdyrly túlghany shayqalta almaydy. "Qaradan shyqqan teksizden" tek óz qara basy men qúlqynynan basqany oilamaytyn qúl emes, el qamy ýshin janyn beruge dayyn, halyqy razy bolatyn memleket qayratkerining shyghatynyn biyler qalay tanyp bilgen eken?!

Jana zamanda teksizderding biylikke kelui әdettegi is bolsa, adamnyng tegin tekteytin dәstýrli qoghamda ol mýmkin emes!!! Abylay hannyng әkesin, atasyn kórgen adam joq pa ol kezde? Týrine bir qarap, «mynauyng atalaryna mýlde tartpaghan» demey me? Áytpese, "Bas kespek bolsa da til kespek joq" sol zamanda "Búqar jyrau aitty, sen Janyssyn! Bizdi jarylqa!" dep Janystyng bir balasy Abylaydyng aldynda baryp aitpay, qazir teksizder zamanynda qaydaghy bireulerding shyqqanyn kórmeysiz be! Búl bizding qoghamnyng belsheden ótirikke batyp, dýniyeni qoldan búzghan alayaqtardyng zamany ornaghanynyng belgisi emes pe?!

Býgin Abylay siyaqty túlghalar qayda?! Ol kezding dana-
abyzdary qanday edi! Ár hannyng janynda bir-bir jyrau, әr batyrdyng janynda bir-bir aqyn jýrmeytin be edi! Býgin "Qala әkimi aqyn-jazushylarmen kezdesip, qoghamnyng aldynda kezek kýtpes mәselelerdi talqylady", degen aqparat estidinizderme?

Qayran zaman-ay!

Jýsip Balasaghúnnyng sonday zamandy sipattaytyn mynanday sózi bar: "Bekteri bóten elde saray slghan halyqtyng mandayynyng sory bes eli!" demekshi "Eki syiyr alyp óz kýnindi ózing kór!" nemese "bala tapqanda ókimetpen aqyldastyng ba?" dep aitqan Elbasynyng zamany men ainalasy qanday bolsa, onyng aqyl aitar "abyzdary" da sonday... Olar da ótip ketken úlylargha topyraq shashqansha el qamyn oilasa kerek edi. Biraq, ókinishke oray, olay bolmay túr.

Qayran zaman-ay! Alla qayyryn bersin!

Júmadil Arman, t.gh.k.,

Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov atyndaghy Tarih jәne etnologiya institutynyng j.gh.q., QBTU qauymdastyrylghan professory

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