Amerikany preziydent tórt jyl basqarsa, al jurnalister – merzimsiz merezimde basqarady. (Tomas Djefferson)

Jurnalist bolu degenimiz ne? Júrttyng bәri aityp jýrgendey, erekshe qarjyny, kýsh-jigerdi, jauapkershilikti talap etpeytin mamandyqtardyng biri me? Tayaz oilatyn jandardyng bәri sóz etetin ómirdegi eng jenil-jelpi júmystardyng biri me?

Dәl osynday tanym-týsinikting keybireulerding sanasyna myqtap singenining sebebi de aluan týrli bolyp keledi. Bizdinshe, osy sebepterding biri atalghan mamandyq iyelerining qashanda el-júrttyng kóz aldynda oqighanyng qaynaghan ortasynda jasynday jarqyrap jýruimen baylanysty. Jurnalister kópshilik aldynda teledidar arqyly jii sóz sóileydi ne bolmasa arnayy sayttargha arnalghan maqalalar jazady. Osynyng bәri jiylyp kelgende óy búlardyng júmysy onay jәne barshagha qoljetimdi degen jalghan әser qaldyrady.

Búla arada biz atap ótetin, ekinshi sebep olardyng jasaghan júmystarynyng kózge kórinbeuinde jatyr. Jurnalistikanyng aqparat jinau, taldau, faktilerdi tekseru jәne materialdardy dayyndau siyaqty kóptegen aspektileri ol jyrtysyn jyrtyp jýrgen qoghamnyng nazarynan tys qaluynan tuyndaydy.

Ýshinshi, yaghni, eng basty sebep – mәselening bayybyna barmaytyndardyng tarapynan tuyndaytyn osy mamandyqtyng basty bәigege tigetin barlyq tәuekelshildigin týsinbeushilik bolyp tabylatyny da jasyryn emes. Sonymen atalghan mamandyq nelikten qauipti? Búl súraqqa óz dәlelderimizdi naqty faktilermen jәne kәsiby baqylaularymyzben bekemdep, jauap beruge tyrysyp kóreyikshi!?

Jurnalist mamandyghynyng asqan qauiptiligin eki aspektige bólip qarastyrugha bolady. Onyng birinshisine - jurnalisting kәsiby qyzmetin jýzege asyruy barysynda onyng densaulyghynan ne ómirine tónetin tikeley qauip-qaterdi jatqyzamyz. Múnday qauipting bar ekenin ashyq moyyndauymyz kerek. Ári tap osynday qauip-qaterge kóbine zorlyq-zombylyq, sybaylas jemqorlyq jәne adam qúqyqtaryn qorghau dengeyi asa joghary elderde óz kәsiby qyzmetin adaldyqpen jýzege asyratyn әskery tilshiler, sonday-aq jurnalister úshyraydy.

Jurnalisterding qoghamnan aqiqat shyndyqty jasyrghysy keletin yqpaldy túlghalar nemese úiymdar tarapynan qauip-qaterge jәne qysymgha úshyrauy әbden mýmkin ekendigi jasyryp jabugha bolmaytyn shyndyq. Sandyq tehnologiyalardyng damuy nәtiyjesinde jurnalisterge kiybershabuyl, hakerlik soqqy jәne onlayn baqylau jasala bastady. Osyghan baylanysty olardyng jeke arhiyvindegi bireulerdi әshekerlep, aikәpir atandyratyn materialdary derekter tanalyp, úrlana bastady.

Ózderining kәsiby qyzmeti barysynda úrys qimyldary aimaghynda ne bolyp ne qoyghanynan júrtty habar etip qana qoymaydy. Sonymen birge úrys qimyldary aimaghyndaghy taghdyrdyng tәlkeginde qalghan beybit túrghyndardyng ómiri men túrmysynda qalam úshyna iliktirip, әlemdik qoghamdastyqqa әskery qimyldardyng júrtqa tiygizgen saldaryn týptey qazyp jetkizetin әskery tilshiler kóbinese jeke basyna shabuyl jasaugha, tútqyndalyp pende bolu tipti kózin jymyn bildirmey joya salu qaupine úshyraydy.

«Jurnalisterdi qorghau komiyteti» halyqaralyq úiymynyng statistikalyq derekteri boyynsha 2023 jyly býkil әlem boyynsha 99 jurnalisting qaza tapqany mәlim boldy. Búl kórsetkish 2015 jyldan bergi eng joghary kórsetkish jәne 2022 jylmen salystyrghanda 44% -gha artyq bolyp otyrghan jayy bar. Sonday-aq, Latyn Amerikasy, Aziya jәne Afrika siyaqty keybir ónirler zorlyq-zombylyqtyn, sybaylas jemqorlyqtyng joghary dengeyine jәne adam qúqyqtaryn qorghaudyng joqtyghyna baylanysty jurnalister ýshin asa qauipti aimaqtar bolyp tabylady.

Tipti bizding Qazaqstanda da adam qúqyqtaryn qorghaudyng joqtyghy oqighalar jurnalisterge qatysty da bayqalyp qalady. Tap osynday oqighanyng sanatyna «31 arna» TRK jurnaliysi Júldyz Tóleuova men operator Bauyrjan Smaghúlovtyng basynan ótken taghdyr tәlkegin jatqyzugha bolady.
Týiindey aitatyn bolsaq, jurnalist mamandyghyn qauipti dep sanaugha bola ma? Degen saualgha berer jauabymyz: «IYә!». Ári búl sózimizge ózimiz jogharyda aityp ótken jaghdaylar men faktiler dәlel bola alady.

Óz basym: «jurnalist mamandyghynyng qauiptiligin eki aspektige bóluge bolady»,-dep jogharyda aityp ótkenimdey, maqalamda jurnalistik qyzmetting qauiptiligining ekinshi aspektisine qatysty oy tolghaghym keledi.
Jurnalist kәsibining qauiptiligining ekinshi aspektisi jurnalisting jeke basyna týk qatysy joq, tek qalap alghan mamandyghyna baylanysty ol ómir sýrip otyrghan qoghamdaghy belgili bir qúqyqtyq qatynastargha oray oghan qauip tóndiredi.

Qazirgi ómirde BAQ biylikting tórtinshi tarmaghy bolyp tabylatyny әmbege ayan. BAQ arqyly qoghamnyng aqyl-oyy men kónil-kýiine әser etip, qarany aghartyp, kerisinshe aqty qaraytyn ómir shyndyghy tuyndady.

Yaghni, jasyryp jabatyny joq keybir әriptesterimiz BAQ betperde qylyp, týrli aila-sharghylar jasap, naqty faktilerdi jasyryp, ne bolmasa, orynsyz búrmalap, sonyng nәtiyjesinde qoghamda jәne memlekette qanday da bir sheshimder qabyldaugha yqpal etedi. Osy arqyly belgili bir adamnyng nemese belgili bir toptyng mýddesine lobby jasap, tútas qogham men memleketting mýddesine núqsan keltirui de әbden mýmkin.

Jurnalister arasynda tap osynday «ala qoydy bóle qyrqatyndar» bar jәne olar ózderining landy aqparattyq shabuyldar arqyly elding tútastyghyna qauip tóndirip, qoghamdy haos pen tәrtipsizdikke úshyratady. Mine, osynday mysyq tileu әriptesterimiz BAQ jәne әleumettik jeliler arqyly aqparattyq shabuyldardy dýrkindetip, qoghamdy haos pen tәrtipsizdikke ýndep, sonyng saldarynan tútas memleketting tútastyghyna qauip tónetin jaghdaylar kóp oryn alatyndyghyn da joqqa shyghara almaymyz.

Osynday qauipting payda boluy saldarynan 2022 jyly bizding eldi haos pen jappay tәrtipsizdikke úshyrady. Beybit halyqtyng ómiri men densaulyghyna qauip tóndirgen, olardyng menshiginen aiyryldyrghan «Qantar oqighalaryn» osy sanatqa jatqyzugha bolady dep sanaymyz.

Shynynda da, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng azamaty retinde biz elimizding biylik qúrylymdarynda problemalar bar ekenin, memleketting negizine núqsan keltiretin sybaylas jemqorlyq kórinisteri bar ekenine bey-jay qaramauymyz kerek. Sonymen qatar, óz elimizding azamaty retinde bizding de óz ústanymyz, óz týsinik-payymymyz bar. Memleketting moyyna minip alyp, әleumettik tólemder esebinen ómir sýruge ýmit artpay adal enbegimen tirshilik etetin әrbir adam memleketten túraqty kómek kýtpeytini әbden týsinikti. Sol sebepti olar layyqty ómirge qashanda ýmit arta alady. Osy arada mening qadap aitarym, óz otbasym elimizding biylik qúrylymdarynyng ókili emes, ata-anam qarapayym qyzmetshiler bolyp tabylady. Olar kýndelikti adal enbegimen bizding layyqty ómir sýruimizdi qamtamasyz etip, layyqty bilim alu qúqyghymyzdy iske asyrugha qol úshtaryn bere aldy.
Osylaysha, Qazaqstan qoghamynyng bir mýshesi retinde óz basym bizding elimizde sheshilmegen keybir problemalar bar degen naqty azamattyq ústanymdamyn. Osy orayda atalghan problemalardy sheshu ýshin beybit halyqty tәrtipsizdik pen tәrtipsizdikke úshyratudyng qajeti joq degen qisyndy oiymdy algha tartqym keledi.

«Qantar oqighalary» barysynda terroristik toptar bizding memleketimizdegi problemalardy paydalana otyryp, әleumettik jeliler men búqaralyq aqparat qúraldary arqyly aqparattyq shabuyldar jasap, búl problemalardy halyqty tónkeriske shaqyrghan deyin kótere bildi.

Osydan qoghamnyng janalyqtary men problemalaryn jariyalau funksiyasyn óz moynyna alghandar arasynda aldynghy shepte birinshi kezekte jurnalister jýredi. Mine osyghan oray qoghamnyng janalyqtary men problemalaryn jariyalau funksiyasyn óz moynyna alghan taraptardyng әrqaysysynyng ózin tyndata bilui, naqty qalyptasqan jaghdaydan jan-jaqty habardar boluy, bolyp ótken oqighagha obektivti bagha bere bilui, bilimi men jauapkershiligi boluy tiyis degen qorytyndy jasaugha bolady. Sonda ghana olardyng qyzmetining nәtiyjesi jamanshylyqqa emes, qoghamnyng iygiligine qyzmet etedi.
Mening payymdauymsha, jurnalistika - dәl aqparat alu jәne ony әdil jәne әdil týrde halyqqa úsynu óneri bolyp tabylady. Tek bilimning kýshi men jalpy adamy paryz jәne azamattyq jauapkershilik qana bizdi qúityrqy sayasy oiyndar men mәngýrttendiruden qorghay alady. Bizding әrqaysymyzda qoghamda nyshan bergen el-júrttyq alandaushylyq belgilerin tany bilushilikting aqyr ayaghy bolashaqta býkil eldi ertengi haostan saqtaudyng irgetasyn qalaydy.

Mening oiymsha, qolyndaghy bar qaruy tek qoyyn dәpteri men qalamsap bolsa da, aq jýrekti qauym ýshin naghyz әdil jan, qolynyng qaraulyghy barlar ýshin әzireyildey qorqynyshty jan, tamasha aqparattyq jәne taldamalyq daghdylargha ie jurnalister naghyz qaharmandar bolyp sanalady.

Sondyqtan, osy bir asqan qiyn, biraq qogham damuy ýshin iygilikti mamandyqtyng iyeleri qanday qúrmetke bolsyn layyq. Dәl osy baghaly qasiyetter meni jurnalist mamandyghynyng siqyrymen arbady desem, shyndyqtyng aulynan esh alys ketpegendigim. Eger qajet bolsa, barlyq qiyndyqtargha qaramastan, әdildiktin, izgiliktin, qoghamdyq tәrtipting kýzetinde túrghan jurnalisterdi bizding zamanymyzdyng qas batyrlary dep sanaymyn. Dәl osy mamandyq iyeleri qoghamdyq pikir qalyptastyruda óz ýlesterin molynan qosyp jýrgen jayy bar. Qogham kelbetin jurnalisting qalay qiystyryp berui onyng ary men azaamattyq boryshynyng borometri bolyp tabylady. Búl rette men әrbir jurnalist ózi júrtqa jariya etken aqparatqa tolyq jauapkershilikpen jәne adal kónilmen qarauy tiyis dep esepteymin. Óitkeni, ne bilip, ne bilmey jazghan, shyndyqty jalpaghynan basyp, jalghandyqty aqiqatqa balap, sausaqtan sorghandyqtyng aqyry múqym memleket pen qoghamnyng tútastyghy men qauipsizdigine jaqsylyq ta, ziyan da әkelui mýmkin.

Perdekojina Tasnim Dinmúhammedqyzy,

Almaty qalasy, Sh.Uәlihanov atyndaghy №12 mamandandyrylghan gimnaziyanyng 11«Á» synyby

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