Qazir KSRO-ny eljirey hәm enirey ansaushylar birining auzyna biri týkirip qoyghanday, «ol kezde dәrigerge qaralu әm emdelu tegin boldy» dep auyzdygha sóz, ayaqtygha jol bermey ózeurey ketedi.

Shyndyghynda әrkim ýshin de óz densaulyghyna qamqorlyq jasau asa manyzdy. KSRO-da solay boldy, qazirde solay. Biraq KSRO ansaushylar bir nәrseni esten shygharyp alatyny ókinishti. Óitkeni, KSRO Bas hatshysynyng qalay emdelgeni turaly mәsele ol kezde de, dәl qazirde tabu salynghan taqyryptardyng biri bolyp qla beregenimen, osy mәseleni aqyl tarazysyna salghan zerttek maqalara boy kórsete bastady. Olardyng boyyndaghy ózekti oy kommunizm qúrylysshylarynyng barlyghy sheteldik dәrigerlerge artyqshylyq berip, óz dәrigerlerine emdeludi únatpaydy. Halyqqa jer ýstindegi júmaqty ornatugha uәde etken Leninning óz basy basqa dәrigerlerge, sonyng ishinde bolishevikterge senbeuge kenes berdi. Europanyng dәmin tatqan bәlshebek basshylar emdelu ýshin shetelge barghandy hosh kórdi. Shetelge saparlar Stalinning túsynda ayaqtalghanymen, biraq sheteldik dәrigerlermen kenesu hәm olardy elge shaqtyru ýrdisi úzaq uaqytqa deyin sozyldy.

KSRO tarihyn zertteushi búl turasynda Halyq Komissarlar Kenesining birinshi tóraghasy Leninning revolusiyagha deyin úzaq uaqyt shetelde túryp, sol ómirge beyimdelui onyng jerles dәrigerlerine degen senimsizdigine әser etken bolsa kerek degen pikirdi algha tartady. Al kapitalister qansha jerden qany qas bolghanymen, densaulyq mәselesine kelgende, ol joldas dәrigerlerge, onyng ishinde bolishevikterge de senbeytinin aita kele, kenes әdebiyetining atasy atanghan Gorikiyge tek shetelde densaulyghyn jaqsartu kerek dep jazdy, óitkeni sәbettik dәrigerlerining 99 payyzy aq halat kiygen medisinadaghy esekter dep sanady.

Osynday sәbettik dәrigerlerining 99 payyzy aq halat kiygen medisinadaghy esekterinen qoryqqan Mәskeu 1921 jyly Leninning densaulyghy kýrt nasharlaghan kezde Otfrid Foersterdi shetelden shaqyrtty. Ol 1930-shi jyldary úly koriyfey sanalghan jәne býkil әlemge tanymal Germaniyalyq kelgen neyrohirurg boldy. Konsulitasiyagha shaqyrylghan arasynda odan basqa nemis psihiatry Osvalid Bumke, nevropatolog Maks Nonne, leypsigtik professor Adolif Shtrumpeli jәne basqa da sheteldik mamandar boldy. Biraq olar qansha jerden baryn salsa da, Leninning denesine ne bolyp jatqanyn anyqtay almay, búl qastandyq әreketting saldary boluy mýmkin ekenin aitty. Kýn kósemge operasiyany latviyalyq hirurg Vladimir Mins jasady.

Saqtap qalghan qújattardyng arqasynda bir bilgenimiz Sayasy buronyng eng kórnekti mýshelerining shetelde emdeluge óte múqtaj bolghandyqtan kenes halqy emdelu qúnyn óz qaltalarynan tóleytini belgili boldy. 1921 jyly syrqat joldastaryn shetelde emdeuge 100 000 altyn rubli bólu turaly búiryq shyqty. Ortalyq Komiytet qarajattyng tek osy maqsatqa ghana júmsaluyn baqylauy kerek boldy jәne onyng búiryghynsyz eshkimge aqsha bóluge tyiym salyndy. 1931 jyly bólinetin qarajatqa degen ústanym tym qataldanyp, adamdar tek asa qajettilik jaghdayynda jәne medisinalyq kómekke zәru  bolghan shaqta ghana shetelge emdeluge bara alatyn boldy.

Sonday-aq, eger qapapayym kenes adamy múnday ótinish bildirse, sheteldegi Syrtqy sauda halyq komissariaty organdarynyng qosymsha qarajat bóluge qúqyghy joq ekendigi arnayy qabyldanghan qújattarda basa aityldy. Jyl sayyn talaptar kýsheytile týsti. 1933 jyly Kremli medisinalyq-sanitarlyq basqarmasynyng hattamasyna sýiene otyryp, shetelde emdeluge ketetin shyghyndardyng jalpy somasyn belgilemeu turaly búiryq berildi. Ár is jeke-jeke qaralyp bolghan song ghana, Ortalyq Komiytette bekituge berilip otyrdy.

Kelesi jyly, yaghni, 1934 jyly Sayasy Buronyng № 8 hattamasynda Kremliding emdeu mekemelerinen qarajat bóluge jol berilmeytini jәne barlyghy Ortalyq Komiytetting sheshimimen ghana jasaluy kerektigi taygha tanba basqanday jazyldy. Emdeuge arnalghan soma 800 rublimen shektelip, odan artyq bir tiynda tólenbeytin bolyp, eng jogharghy shek belgilendi de, endigi jerde  sheteldik úiym nauqastyng dertine shipa bolu ýshin kómektese almaytyn boldy. Eger somany kóbeytu kerek bolsa, onda Ortalyq Komiytetke qaytadan ótinish beru kerektigi algha tartyldy. Elden ketkenderge kýdiktenu kýsheyip, jappay qughyn-sýrgin bastalghanda shetelge shyghugha mýlde tyiym salyndy. El basshylarynyng jergilikti professorlardan auruyna daua bolar em izdegennen basqa amaldary qalmady.

Stalinning jeke basy densaulyghyna qatysty problemalardy eshkimge tis jaryp aitpady. Eger dimkәstigi sezile qalsa, dúshpandarymnyng qúrghan torynan tiri shyqpaymyn dep qauiptenedi. Onyng densaulyghyn sanauly adamdar ghana bilse de, Sayasy Buronyng barlyq mýsheleri men ministrlerding hal-jaghdayynan ýnemi habardar boldy. Onyng biylik tizginin tolyqtay bir qolyna jinaqtaghan shaqtaghy alghashqy dәrigeri Ivan Aleksandrovich Valedinskiy boldy. Ivan Aleksandrovich jezmúrttyng densaulyghyn qalpyna keltiruge jәne emdik vannalardyng kómegimen auyrsynudan qútylugha qol úshyn berip otyrdy.

Búl em-domnyng Stalinge qatty únaghany sonsha, ol eki ailyq demalysqa shyghyp, Kavkazdaghy sanatoriyde demaldy. Valedinskiyding kenesi boyynsha Stalin Vinogradovty ózining jeke dәrigeri etip aldy. Keyin ol osy dәrigerden qauiptenudi shyghardy.

Stalin dәrigerler jolap ketken jerde qastandyq bar dep kýdiktene bastady da, aqyry múnyng ayaghy 8 ýzdik professordyng tútqyngha alynumen tyndy. Olardyng qatarynda Vinogradov boldy. Búdan bylay Stalindi emdeytin dәrigerde qalmady dese de bolady. Al, qalghan jany tәttiler jezmúrttyng miyn jaylaghan paranoyyagha baylanysty onyng janyna dәrigerlerdi jolatudan qoryqty. Sondyqtan oghan shynymen dәrigerlik kómek qajet bolghanda, ony beretin eshkim bolmady. Vinogradovtyng taghdyry qayghyly bolsa da, tragediyalyq emestin. Dәrigerler qatang jauapqa tartylghanymen, olardy tónip túrghan ajaldan Stalinning ólimi qútqardy.

Kóp jyldar boyy әrbir KOKP birinshi hatshysynyn, atap aitsaq, Brejnevtin, Andropovtyn, Chernenkonyng densaulyghyn baqylaghan, auru-syrqaulyqtarynyng jaghdayyn jaqsy bilgen Kremliding bas dәrigeri Evgeniy Chazov boldy. Ol KSRO Densaulyq saqtau ministrligining 4-shi Bas basqarmasyn basqarghandyqtan, ony shetelde KGB ókili retinde qabyldap, sondyqtan keneske jau qúpiya qyzmetter ony qadaghalap, jiti nazarlarynda ústap otyrdy. Evgeniy Chazov ózin ýnemi qadaghalap jýrgenin sezetetin jәne tipti KGB-lyq dәrigerlerdi ashsa alaqanynda, júmsa júdyryghynda ústap basqarghan kezde kensesindegi telefon tyndaularyn tekseru ýshin Andropovtyng kómegine jýginuge tura kelgenin keyin estelikterinde jazdy.

Dәrigerding jasyratyn eshtenesi joq siyaqty kóringenimen, biraq 4-shi basqarma joghary lauazymdy túlghalardyng densaulyghy turaly aqparat qoymasy bolghandyqtan, bir eli auyzgha, eki eli qaqpaq qoyylmasa, basshylardyng densaulyghy turaly derekter jaghadan alghan jaudyng qolyndaghy senimdi qarugha ainalyp shygha keledi. Chazov elding joghary lauazymdy túlghalaryn kenestik dәrigerler qal-qadirinshe ózderinde emdep kelgenin, olar keyde belgili bir dertting betin alugha qatysty arnayy kenester qúryp, talqylau ýshin jinaghanyn da atap ótti. KGB jaqyn dәrigerler arasynda eshkim shetelge shyqpaytyn, biraq keyde sheteldik mamandardyng kómegine jýginip, olardan kenes súraytyn edi. Múnday konsulitasiyalar óte qajet boldy, óitkeni bizding óz mamandarymyz әli de jetkilikti biliktilikke ie bolmady deydi Chazov.

Gorbachev túsynda KSRO-nyng ydyrauy eldegi medisinagha degen ekiúshty kózqarasqa nýkte qoydy. Búrynghyday tek turistik joldamamen emes, endi kez kelgen sebeppen shetelge sayahattau mýmkin bola bastady. Alayda shetelden em alu barlyq azamattargha qoljetimdi bola qoyghan joq, óitkeni ol kóp qarajatty qajet etti. Kóp qarajatty etken emdeuding mysaly retinde Qayta Qúru kezinde Germaniyagha jiberilgen Raisa Maksimovna Gorbacheva boldy. Ol KSRO-ning birinshi adamy kýieuining bedelin paydalanyp, sәbettik hanymdar ishinde túnghysh ret sheielde densaulyghyn týzey aldy.

Kenes azamattary ýshin eger em-dom qarajatyn taba alsa shetelge emdeluge mýmkindik alu ýsh úiyqtasa týsterine kiremegen oqigha boldy. Kenestik medisina ghana eng jaqsy degen anyzdyng kýli kókke úshyp, tek basshylar ghana emes, mýmkindgi bar jandar jappay shetelde emdeletin zaman tudy. Búryn tek qolynda biyligi barlar ghana shetelde emdeluding qyzyghyn kórgen dәurenning kýli kókke úshyp, artynan jarty әlemdi titirtkentken qyzyl imperiyada tarih sahanasynan óshti.

Kerimsal Júbatqanov,

tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty, S. Seyfullin atyndaghy Qazaq agrotehnikalyq zertteu uniyversiytetining dosenti

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