Qazaq rulyq qúrylymy Euraziyalyq tarihtyng erekshe fenomeni. Myndaghan jyldyq kóshpeli túrmystyng obektivti barysy dala halyqtarynda basqaru jýiesi men qoghamdyq qúrylystyng erekshe týr-sipatyn tughyzdy.

Ony týsinu ýshin arnayy ghylymy etnografiyalyq dayyndyq, qazaq tilin óte tereng (!) iygeru, dәstýrli qazaqy ortamen túraqty is-tәjiriybe kerek. Basty sharty osy ýsheuin úshtastyrsanyz ghana nәtiyje bolady. Jogharyda atalghan ýsh erejening biri jetispese, birinshiden, zertteushi soqyr –mylqau, ekinshiden halyqtyng birligine qaterli óte qauipti adamsyz.

Ókishike oray býgingi kýni Qazaq rulyq qúrylymy osy ýsh erejeden esh habary joq adamdardyng qolyndaghy oiynshyqqa ainaldy. Men búl jerde ru shejiresin jazyp jýrgen auyldaghy әuesqoylardy ghana emes, sonymen birge qalyng kópshilik tarihshy dep senetin orys tildi balalardy da aityp otyrmyn.

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Qazaq rulyq qúrylymy fenomenine mysal qylyp ózimiz jaqsy biletin Arghyn ishindegi Quandyq atalatyn rulyq odaqty alayyq. Búl jerde biz «rulyq odaq» degendi shartty týrde qoldanyp otyrmyz, әdebiyette arys degen sóz de qoldanylady. Rulyq qúrylymnyng taksonomiyalyq dengeylerine qatysty arnayy terminder әli qalyptasqan joq.

Nasab-nama Quandyqtan alty úl tuady deydi- Aghys pen Qalqaman, Bórshi men Temesh, Altay men Qarpyq. Qazirgi zamanda Quandyq ru birlestigining ókilderi óz shejirelerin tikeley osy atalghan patriarhtardan bastaydy. Týp ata Quandyq pen onyng «úldary» arasynda neshe úrpaq bar ekeni belgisiz, sol siyaqty «úldar» men qazirgi úrpaqtary arasynda myndaghan jyldar bar ekeni de angharyla bermeydi. Mysaly, shejirede Altaydan Alsay, Álke, Baydaly, Saydaly, Núrbay, Moyyn, Kenjeqara tuady delinedi (J.Omari. Atalyqtar әuleti: Arystan, Barqy, Niyaz. Astana: Altyn kitap,2011, 42-45 bb.). Búl aty atalghan túlghalar Altay ruynyng әr týrli bólimderin Qazaq handyghynyng tuy astyna bastap kelgen túlghalar.

Eger qarapayym esepke salsaq qazirgi altay ruynyng azamaty men jogharyda attary atalghan Altay batyrdyng úldary arasynda 15-17 ata ghana, yaghny 375-400 jylday uaqyt ótken, búl Qazaq handyghy qúrylyp, qalyptasyp jatqan uaqyty. Altay bolsa Euraziya týrkilerining birazynyng shejiresine týp ata esebine engen. Ol saha shejiresindegi Eldey (Elley) batyr, altay týrkilerindegi Er Eldey, adaydyng Eltay batyry, baghanaly naymannyng Eltay- El atasy t.b. Bir sózben aitqanda Altay men onyng «úldarynyn» arasy kemi 1500 jylday uaqyt!

Sahanyng týp negizindegi Omoghoy bay saq-skif dәuirining túlghasy, al Eldey (Elley) batyr ghún dәuirinde saha halqyn bastaghan kósh basshy.

Dәl osy jaghday Bórshi men Temeshke de qatysty. Bórshi men onyng bir bútaghy Shusha qonystary Ispaniyanyng Aragon ólkesinen bastap Batys Qytay jerine deyin kezdesedi. Temeshting ýlken toptary Majarstan men Rumyniya jerinde qalghangha úqsaydy (Temesh ora t.b.). Quandyqtyng ýlkeni dep esepteletin, Aghys, Qalqaman rularynyng ókilderi Europa men Aziyagha «Halyqtardyng úly qonys audaruyna» deyin sinip ketken siyaqty. Aghys/Aghús degeniniz bizding eski tilimizde de segiz (Aghys Qu t.b.), saha tilinde le segiz, Europada da segiz (avgust), shamasy әuel basta segiz rudyn/atanyng odaghy.

Búdan shyghatyn qorytyndy bireu – Qazaq handyghy ómirge kelgen uaqytta, óz aghayyndaryn bastap jana memleketting tuyn kótergen azamattar jana genealogiyalyq birlikterding negizin saldy. Olar men týp ata arasyndaghy ondaghan-jýzdegen atalar úmytyldy. Rasynda da qazaq ýshin manyzdysy 7 ata bolatyn, al 77 atany týgendep otyru shejirening mindetine kirmeydi. Shejirening basty mindeti bir memlekette bas qosqan halyqtyng tútastyghyn qalyptastyru.

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Endi Toqa tegine keleyik. Toqa shejiresinde de jogharyda bayandalghan zandylyq bayqalady. Nasab-nama boyynsha Qarpyqtan Kýzey, odan Toqa, odan Týnghatar, Besim, Sary, Molqy, Toqtauyl, Qúlymbet. Búdan әri Baraq t.b. taraydy.

Búl jerdegi Kýzey әr týrli tarihshylardyng auzynda yuechji, tohar, yuedji, iuzi, ruzie t.b. atap jýrgen, negizgi mekeni Shyghys Týrkistan (әsirese Túrfan) bolghan halyqtyng týp atauy. Búl jerde yuechji atauy qytay jylnamalarynda, al tohar ariandyq atau ekenin eskergen jón. Búl qauymdastyqty «qúshan/qoshan» dep atau da kezdesedi.

Shejirede «Stansyz (shtansyz) Kýzey» degen onsha jaghymdy emes sóz bar, búl sóz Kýzeyding (ngechji, tohar) Ghún soqqylarynan keyin memleketsiz qalghanyn kórsetedi. Kýzeyding (ngechji, tohar) jerine ýisinder qonystana bastady da, olardyng negizgi bóligi Syr men Ámu arasyna qonys audaryp, Grek-Baktriya memleketin qúlatyp, onyng ornyna Qúshan imperiyasyn ómirge әkeldi. Qazirgi Soltýstik Aughanstan, kýngey Ózbekstan men Tәjikstan IV ghasyrdan bastap birtalay uaqyt Toharstan ataluyna da osy sebep. Ortalyghy Qúndyz aimaghy. Toharlardyng ekinshi bóligi óz jerinde qaldy jәne ghún qúramyna ótti, búl kezende imperiyany sunnu /sýiindik әuleti biylep túr edi, toharlar hunnu/quandyq qúramyna kirdi. Mine, Quandyq qúramyndaghy Toqa tarihynyng kóne paraqtary osylay. Kelesi bir әngimeni Toqa ishindegi atalargha arnaymyz.

Prof. J.O.Artyqbaev

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