Mal sharuashylyghy – qazaq qanymen bite qaynasqan tirshilik kózi. Keng dalany erkin jaylaghan halyq ýshin jer men mal – últtyng bolmysy men dýniyetanymynyng bir bóligi. «Mal-jan aman ba?» dep qazaq aldymen maldyng jayyn súraytyny beker emes. Alayda halqymyz «malym – janymnyng sadaghasy, janym – arymnyng sadaghasy» dep maldyn, yaghny materialdyq kapitaldyng ornyn naqtylap qoyady. Býgingi kýni de búl sala óz manyzyn joghaltpay, jana ekonomikalyq jaghdayda strategiyalyq baghyttardyng birine ainaluy tiyis. Qazaqstannyng tabighy kenistigi, jer resurstarynyng moldyghy auyl sharuashylyghyn damytugha erekshe mýmkindik beredi.

Ejelden qazaqtardyng tirshiligining basty kózi mal ósiru boldy.  Ata-babamyz jeri keng bolghan song maldyng jayylymyna jayly jerge kóship jýrgen: kýzeuge, qystaugha, kókteuge, jaylaugha. Kóshpeli mal sharuashylyghy degenimiz osy. Yaghny kóshpelilik degen – búl mәdeniyettin, órkeniyetting jana qyrqasy, jana satysy emes, búl – sharuashylyqtyng týri. Týri bolghanda da, eng rentabelidi, eng tiyimdi әri adam densaulyghyna paydaly týri. Kóshpeli mal sharuashylyghy – qazaq halqynyng túrmys-tirshiligine tolyqtay beyimdelgen jýie. Jyl mezgiline qaray qonys auystyru arqyly mal da, adam da tabighatpen ýilesimde bolghan. Árbir jayylym óz uaqytymen paydalanylyp, jerding tozuyna jol berilmegen. Búl ata-babamyzdyng tabighatty útymdy paydalanudyn, ony saqtap, qamqorlyq kórsetuining ózindik ýlgisin qalyptastyrghanyn kórsetedi.

Qazaq ýshin kóshpeli mal sharuashylyghynyng eki paydasy bar. Birinshisi – onyng ekonomikalyq túrghydan tiyimdiligi. Býgingi tanda әlemning keybir elderinde, mysaly Izraili siyaqty memleketterde jer kólemining shekteuli boluyna baylanysty mal sharuashylyghy kóbine qamap ústau nemese intensivti әdispen jýrgiziledi. Búl tәsilde mal belgili bir orynda ústalyp, arnayy azyqpen qorektendiriledi. Maldyng tez salmaq qosuy ýshin azyq rasionyna qúrama jem, sýrlem, pishendeme siyaqty azyqtar qosylady. Áriyne, múnday jýie ónim kólemin arttyrugha mýmkindik beredi, alayda ol qosymsha enbek pen shyghyndy talap etedi. Júmys kýshi de kóp ketedi. Bordaqylanghan bir maldyng salmaghy jayylymdaghy ýsh maldikin berse de taza, sau әri nәrli et jayylymdaghy malda.

Mal, mysaly, jayylymdaghy qoy ýsh jýz alpys týrli shóp jeydi eken. Dәrumen ósimdikte bolsa, qazaq dәrumen jemeytin, az jeytin siyaqty. Biraq dәrumenning bәri ette. Árbir ósimdikting ózine tәn ósip jetilu kezeni jәne jayylym retinde paydalanugha qolayly uaqyty bolady. Sol mezetti tiyimdi paydalanu qajet, әitpese onyng qúnary tómendeydi. Eng dәmdi, eng qúnarly et qorada túrghan emes, jayylghan maldyng eti. Mine, maldy jayylymda baghudyng ekinshi paydasy osynda.

Últ ústazy tórtinshi synyptyng balalaryna arnalghan oqu qúralynda bylay deydi: «Adamnyng qarny men tisi kez kelgen shópti búralap soghyp tamaq qyla almaydy. Tabighatta ne bary 50 myng týrli ósimdik bar. Sonyng ishinde adamgha as bolatyny 300-aq týrlisi. Búlardyng keybireuleri shiyki, birqatary pisi kýiinde tamaq bolady. Basqa ósimdikting ishinde de adamgha tamaq bolatyn nәrseleri bar, biraq olardy adam qarny pisire almaydy. Sonda da sol jeuge kelmeytin shópter adamgha tamaq bolady. Jeuge kelmeytin shóp bolghany qalay, onyng tamaq bolghany qalay? Búl shópter adam jeuine kelmegenmen mal jeuine keledi. Maldyng tisi aghashtyng qabyghyn da, bútaghyn da, japyraghyn da, ósimdikting qalghan qatty sabaghyn da, jemisin de shaynaugha keledi, qarny pisiruge keledi, jútqan shóp mal ishine barghan song qan, et, may bolady. Et pen maydy adamnyng qarny op-onay pisiredi.

Sonymen, mal adam jey almaytyn shópti jeydi. Mal etin adam jeydi. Óte erte zamannan beri qaray adam barlyq shópti maldan paydalanugha daghdylanghan. Shópting kóbin adam ózi jeydi. Ózi jey almaghanyn mal arqyly jeydi. Mal adam jey almaytyn ósimdigin et pen may qylyp beretin mashina syqyldy».

Qazirgi әlemdik as mәzirinde etti týrli dәmdeuishtermen, soustarmen bayytyp dayyndau keng taralghan. Mysaly, fransuzsha nemese tay tәsilinde dayyndalatyn et taghamdary arnayy túzdyqtar men qospalar arqyly erekshe dәmge ie bolady. Búl – sol halyqtardyng aspazdyq mәdeniyetining bir qyry.

Al qazaq halqynyng etten tagham dayyndau dәstýrinde etting tabighy dәmin saqtau basty orynda. Esh dәmdeuishsiz, qara sugha qaynatyp pisirilgen etting ózinen-aq onyng nәri men hosh iyisi anyq sezilip túrady. Búl maldyng tabighy jaghdayda ósip, sapaly azyqpen qorektengenining belgisi. Tipti fransuz aspazdary men gastronomdary qazaqtyng et taghamdaryn, әsirese jylqy etin joghary baghalaydy. Olardyng pikirinshe, qazaq eti – ekologiyalyq taza, óte dәmdi jәne sapaly ónim eken.

Sondyqtan bizde atadan qalghan kóshpeli sharuashylyq jalghasuy kerek. Óitkeni búl jýie ghasyrlar boyy qalyptasyp, qazaq jerining kendigine, tabighatyna tolyq beyimdelgen. Al býgin kósh jolynyng barlyghy menshikke berilip ketken.

Úly Aqan: «Mal baqqan júrttar jer tarylghan kezde, jer jarasy egin kәsibine týsedi. Áueli kóshpeli kýiindegi egin egedi. Sonan song jer birte-birte tarylyp, kóshuge tyghyz bolghan song otyryqshy bolady. Sóitip el ósip, adam kóbeyip, jer taryluy adam balasynyng sharualyq túrmysyn ózgertuine sebepker bolady» degen tújyrym jasaghan. Osydan-aq kóshu men otyryqshylyqtyng kezdeysoq emes, jer jaghdayyna baylanysty qalyptasqanyn angharugha bolady. Shyn mәninde, kezinde Europa halyqtary da kóship jýrgen. Jer ken, mal jayylymy jetkilikti sharuashylyqtyng negizgi týri – mal baghu. Múnday jaghdayda adamgha auyr enbek qajet bola bermeydi. Mysaly, myng jylqyny bir top jigit qana bagha alady: mal óz ayaghymen jayylady, tek qarap jýru kerek, tózim kerek. Qoy da solay, jylqy jýrip ótken jerde tebindep jayylady, oghan arnayy shóp shauyp, jem jinaudyng qajeti joq. Qazaqtyng qoyynyng túqymy tabighatqa beyimdelgen, shydamdy bolghan.

Býgingi auyl sharuashylyghyna keregi basty eki nәrse, ónimdi ótkizudi ýkimet óz moynyna aluy kerek jәne eng qúrmasa bir jylgha bagha túraqtylyghyna kepildik berui kerek. Jalpy bizding oiymyzsha, auyl sharuashylyghy ministrligining júmysy kónil kónshitpeydi. Eng tiyimdi kóshpeli mal sharuashylyghyna qaray bet búrugha ne kedergi? Otandyq óndirushige degen qamqorlyq nege jýiesiz, tiyimsiz? Óndirudi sharuagha qaldyryp, sol jylghy ónimdi túraqty baghamen ótkizudi memleket moynyna aluyna bolady ghoy!? Jyl boyy sharuanyng keregine satyp alatyn qúraldarynyng baghasyn ýkimet ústap, qymbattatpay túruy kerek. Naryq ózgerip ketkenning ózinde aiyrmany ýkimet tóleui kerek. Sharuagha túraqtylyq kerek. Naghyz nauqan bastalghanda janarmaydyng qymbattauy, oghan ýkimetten esh qayrannyng bolmauy súmdyq qoy. Qamqorlyq emes, jaulyq!

Ekinshi isteletin nәrse – auyl sharuashylyghyn innovasiyalyq tehnologiya- men qamtamasyz etu. Dronmen qoy (mal) qayyru. JPS-pen týlikting qay jerde jýrgenin ýiden baqylap otyru jәne t.b. sol siyaqty týrli jana tehnologiyalar auyl sharuashylyghyna jappay ýkimet tarapynan qamqorlyqpen jetkizilui kerek.  Tamshylatyp  suarugha,  maldy  asyldandyrugha,  bordaqylaugha  esepsiz bólinip jatqan subsidiyalar auyldy, auyldy bolghanda mal sharuashylyghyn jana tehnologiyamen qamtamasyz etuge júmsaluy kerek. Kýn batareyasyn paydalanyp, jaryq mәselesin ghana jartylay sheshumen is bitpeydi. Jerimiz ken, jayylym mol, biraq eginge jaramdy jer az, al malgha jaramdy shóldi, shóleytti jerlerde ayaqty maldyng artynan kóship otyratyn dәstýrli mal sharuashylyghyn Qazaqstan qalpyna keltirui kerek te, ony jana tehnologiyamen jabdyqtauy tiyis.

Mal baqpaydy deymiz, biz mal baqqan elmiz. Biraq qazirgi ondaghy júmys jaghdayy, túrmys jaghdayy on toghyzynshy ghasyr bolsa kim baghady? Elektr birinde bar, birinde joq. Teledidar qaladaghyday emes, onlayn baylanys bar, kóp jerde joq. Jaqyndarymen offlayn baylanys shamamen jetisine bir ret qana. Jeke gigiyenany saqtau, medisinalyq kómek degenning auyly alys. Qojalyq basshysy qaladaghy ortasha ailyqty berip otyr. Biraq mal baghugha úmtylushy joq. Yntalandyryp otyrghan ýkimet te joq.

Bizding jeytin etimiz maldyng auzyndaghy shópke baylanysty. Etti, onday genomodifikasiyalanbaghan, taza da dәmdi etti ózimiz jep, artylghanyn kók qaghazgha shetke satuymyz kerek. Ýshjýz týrli shóp jep, dәrumenmen әbden qanyqqan bizding etting baghasy ózgenikinen, әsirese salmaq quyp bordaqyda túrghan maldikinen әldeqayda qymbat boluy kerek. Salmaq quyp, asa semiz et jeu ziyan ekendigin bar әlemge bildiru kerek. En-tegin jayylym túrghanda, jappay mal bordaqylap, subsidiyany da soghan qarap berudi de toqtatqan jón. Syrttan qanday týrde bolsn et ónimderin әkeludi de toqtatqan jón. Jalpy auyl sharuashylyghy ministrligi ózining strategiyalyq josparlaryn (ondaylary bar bolsa) qayta qaraghany jón.

Bijomart Qapalbek

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