KENES ODAGhYNAN NEGE ÁLI QORQYP JÝRMIZ?
Qazirgi Qaraghandy, Ontýstik Qazaqstan, Jambyl, Qyzylorda, Aqmola oblysynyng aumaghynda, resmy qújattargha qaraghanda 1929-31 jyldar aralyghynda Qazaqstanda 372 sharualar kóterilisi bolghan. Búl soghysty «Sozaq, Qarqara, sharualar kóterilisi» dep san-saqqa jýgirtemiz. Shyndyghynda «Kenes Odaghyna qarsy kóterilis» dep nege tariyhqa solay jazbaymyz.
1916 jylghy últ-azattyq kóterilisti - qazaq halqy ýshin, onyng tәuelsizdigi ýshin bolghan soghys siyaqty kóremiz. Imanov bastaghan kóterlis - qazaq halqynyn, memleketining tәuelsizdigi ýshin otarlaushy patsha ýkimetimen bolghan soghys pa, әlde «Okop qazugha adam bermeymiz» dep qazaq baylaryna qarsy kóterilis pe, әli ara jigi ajyratylghan joq. Imanov kóterilisi: «Balalarymyz baylardyng balalarynyng ornyna әskerge alynyp jatyr» dep baylardy óltirip auyldaryn tonap qyrghan joq pa? Qazaq baylaryna qarsy kóterilis – qazaq halqyna qarsy kóterilis desem qatelespeymin. Álde qazaq baylary qazaq emes pe?.
Búl kóterilis Resey ýshin paydaly әri manyzdy. Óitkeni kóterlisiting negizgi baghyty Alashorda ýkimeti men olar qúrghan qazaq sarbazdaryna qarsy baghyttaldy. Alash ýkimetining qúlauyna, alash ardaqtylarynyng jeniliske úshyrap artynan atylyp ketuine septigi tiydi. Búl da bir tarihtyng ashylmaghan qatparlary. Sonda kenes ýkimetin jaqtaghan kóterilis, últ – azattyq kóterilis sanalyp, naghyz Kenesary bastaghan últ-azattyq kóterilisti «banditter, qaraqshy, qanisher, jauyzdardyng kóterilisi» dep baghalaydy. 1930 jylghy Kenes Odaghyna qarsy kóterilisti: «Baylardyn, Kenes ýkimetining jaularynyng qastandyghy» dep aidar taqqan F.IY.Goloshekin 1931 jyly jeltoqsan aiynda Stalinge jazghan hatynda; «Tap kýresining óristegenin GPU-ding tómendegidey anyqtamasynan biluge bolady: songhy eki jylda iri bandalardyng 34 000-day adamy qatysqan 15 bas kóterui oryn aldy. Osy eki jylda 1350 kontrrevolusiyalyq toptar joyylyp jәne oghan qatysqan 7500 kisi qolgha týsti…» [12,108 p], – dep jazdy. Kóterilisterding basty sebepterining biri, 1929 jyly qolgha alynghan kýshtep kolhozdastyru sayasaty boldy. Stalin 1928 jyly Leninning jana ekonomikalyq sayasatyn qorytyndylap, 1-shi besjyldyqty bastap, josparly ekonomikany jýzege asyra bastady. Alghashqy bes jyldyq jyldary (1928-1932 jj) auylda jeke menshik joyylyp, kolhoz ben sovhozdar qúryldy. 1932 jyly alghashqy besjyldyq jetistikteri men revolusiyanyng ornaghanyna 15 jyldyghyn Almaty qalasynda ortalyq komiytette toylaydy.
F. Goloshekiyn, E. Ernazarov, I. Qúramysov, O. Isaev bastaghan, qyzyl súnqarlar men «qazaq kenes әdebiyetining negizin qalaushylar, shalasauatty ziyalylar qoshtaghan tobyrlar, Almaty kóshelerinde ashtyqtan tenkiyip-tenkiyip, shashylyp ólip jatqan qazaqtardyng sasyghan mәiitterining ýstinen múryndaryn basyp, attap ótip, saltanat sarayyna kirip ýlken minberden besjyldyqta jetken jetistikterin aityp, «Ura, ura» dep jýzderinde quanysh, «du qol shapalaqtap», boylaryn shattyq sezim biylep, baqyttan bastary ainalyp jýrgenderi esime týskende jýregim qan jylaydy...
1917 jyly atyng óshkir Kenes Odaghy qúrylysymen-aq biylikke kelgen kommunisterding zorlyq-zombylyghy, әdiletsizdik, jazyqsyz týrmege qamau, atyp tastau, ashtyqpen qyru, 1991 jyly qarasy batqansha jalghasty. Ylghy kedeylerden qúrylghan, «kedeylerding ýkimetimiz» dep ataghan Kenes ýkimeti kedeylerding ózin de ayamady. Sondyqtan da ol ýkimetti terrorshyl, qandybalaq, jendetterding biyligi dese әdil bolar edi. Kenes Odaghy men onyng qanisher biylik ókilderin aqtaghysy keletinderdi - ashtan qyrylghan, ayausyz atyp tastaghan, kómusiz qalghan jazyqsyz jandardyng әruaghy úrsyn. 1929 jyly jeltoqsan aiynda (b) Qazaq ólkelik komiytetining plenumynda «Qazaqstanda jappay újymdastyru (kollektivtendiru) isin jýzege asyru» ýshin sheshim shyghardy. Sol boyynsha halyqtyng qolyndaghy eng songhy sauyn siyr, eshki, qozy, laq, biday, as-auqatyna deyin tartyp alyp qazaqty ashtan qyrdy. Búl kedeylerge «Altyn zan» jazyp berip, "tendik, azattyq" әpergen kommunisterding bir isi ghana.
Ol kezde qazaqtar ru-ruymen aimaqtarda, auyldarda bólek-bólek qonystanghan edi. Ata-babadan kele jatqan adamdyq qasiyetting joghary shyny qazaqtar óz rulastaryn eshqashan qyryp joymaghan, zәbir kórsetip qorlamaghan, qúldyqqa salmaghan. Sony bilgen orys ýkimeti bir rudyng ónkey nadandarynan terip milisiya qúryp, ekinshi rudyng auylyna qyrghiday tiygizdi. Rular arasyna syna qaqty.
Osynyng dәleli «Qaranoghay-Shalanyng býligi» dep atalatyn aty-shuly oqighany zerttep, zerdelep Dýkenbay Dosjanov, Tәken Álimqúlov, Múhamedjan Rýstemov, Tәbiriyiz Sýleymenov E.Ómirbekov, Ó.Bórghaziyev, Ó.Qyrghyzbaev, D.Túrantegi, syndy jazushy aghalarymyz býge-shýgesine deyin jazghan.
... Arqadaghy sovet ýkimetining senimdi ókili, Guberniyalyq milisiya bastyghynyng orynbasary Ghalym Áubәkirov qasyna tórt milisionerdi, rulas jigitterdi qosyp alyp Shu ónirindegi auyldargha «jana ýkimetting zany boyynsha mal ortaq, jer-su ortaq, әiel ortaq» dep ylang salady. Qaruly jasaq kýnde mal soyghyzyp, qymyz iship, ózderi týrme jasap kónbegendi soghan qamap qoyatyn boldy. Qys qatty bolyp jendetter Arqagha qaytugha jol jabylyp qalady. «Osynda qystaymyz» dep ózderine arnayy birneshe ýiler tiktirip, әr auylgha mal, azyq-týlik, qystyq kiyim jinatady. Halyqtan kiyimnin, astyng tәuirin, maldyng semizin berseng qolynnan bermeseng jolynnan dep zorlyq-zombylyqpen tartyp alyp otyrady. Ishik, ton, bylghary ayaq kiyimder, zerli shapan, altyn-kýmisi bar jaqsysyn jinap, ten-teng etip buyp týiip, maldardy Tarazdyng bazarlaryna satqyzyp buma-buma aqshanyng buy esirikterdi esirtip jiberdi. «Aydap jiberemin, sottaymyn, kontrasyn, atyp tastaymyn» dep әbden halyqtyng zәresin alyp qorqytyp, ýreylendirip alghan son, kýieulerin qamap qoyyp jas kelinshekterdi kuyeulerining kózinshe zorlaydy. Qaranoghay men jendetteri kelinshekterdi mise tútpay endi jas qyzdardy jappay zorlay bastaydy. Qay ýide óndi qyz, semiz mal, qymbat kiyim bar, jansyzdar arqyly bilip otyrady. Qyzyn, qaryndasyn qorghaghan erkekti, qariyany ólimshi etip sabaydy. Sol kezdegi Balbek Shopanúly degen aqyn:
... Áueli elding tonap malyn aldy,
Boyyna tengermedi esh bir jandy.
Aqyry kóp oljany mise tútpay,
«Qypsha bel qyz kerek» dep habar saldy.
Aydady momyn eldi kókshe múzdan,
Qoryqpady qúdaydan, tatqan túzdan.
Nesie qoyynday qyp aldy jiyp,
Taraqty ada boldy barsha qyzdan.
Eshkimdi sharuasyna qaratpady,
Órttey ózeuregen jalaqtady.
«Tek qana on bestegi qyz kerek» dep,
Qyzdardy jasqa tolghan jaratpady... dep jyrlaghanda say-sýieging syrqyraydy....
Kenes Odaghynyng qanisher ýkimetine qarsy kóterilisting eng irisi – Sozaq kóterilis dep ataydy. Sozaq ónirining azamattaryna degen senimsizdik tәuelsizdik alghannan keyin de jiyrma jylgha sozyldy. Sozaqty basqarugha jergilikti azamattardy endi qoya bastady. Sonda Tәuelsiz Qazaqstanda әli Kenestik basqaru jýiesi saqtalghan ba? Álde Qazaqstandy Kenes odaghyn basqarghandar әli basqaryp otyr ma? Qazaq tarihyna memleketting selqos qarauynyng kesirinen osy kóterilisting 85 jyldyghy biyl atalyp ótilmedi.
Jastardy elin, jerin sýige tәrbiyeleydi deytin mektep oqulyqtaryndaghy qazaq tarihyna qatysty taqyryptar, ata-babalarymyzdyng qyrghyn soghystardaghy janqiyarlyq erlikteri, tarihy oqighalar, jalan, sýren, salqyn jazylyp, shynayy surettelmeydi. Ony oqyp otyryp oqushylar týgili eresekterding qyzyghushylyghyn tudyryp, boyyna quat, ar, namys tútandyrmaydy. Qazaq emes ózge bir últtyng ókili jazghanday, qalay bolsa, solay jazylghan. Bóten bir elding tarihyn oqyp otyrghanday sezinesin.
Qayran, mening óz elim.... qayteyin...
Toghaybay Núrmúratúly
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