– Gýlnәr Sýleymenqyzy, osy juyrda Mәjilis manyzdy bir zang jobasyn ma­qúl­dady. Búl tek elimizdegi túrghyndar ghana emes, sheteldegi qandastarymyz da elendep kýtip otyrghan zang jobasy deuge tolyq negiz bar. Osy zandy qabyldaudaghy onyng maqsaty qanday, sonday-aq qanday júmystar atqa­ryldy?
– Búl qújattyng tolyq atauy «Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng keybir zannamalyq ak­tilerine halyqtyng kóshi-qony jәne jú­myspen qamtyluy mәseleleri boyynsha óz­gerister men tolyqtyrular engizu tura­ly» Qazaqstan Respublikasy zanynyng jobasy dep atalady. Ýkimet úsynghan osy zang jobasy etnikalyq qazaqtardyng kóshi- qony, ishki kóshi-qon mәselelerin jetil­di­ruge baghyttalghan. Búl zang jobasy Qazaqstan Preziydenti N.Á. Nazarbaevtyng 2014 jylghy 4 mamyrdaghy tapsyrmasyna sәikes әzir­len­gen.
Osy zang jobasy boyynsha qoldanystaghy eki kodekske jәne 12 zangha ózgerister men to­lyqtyrular engizildi.
Qolymyzda bar mәlimetterge sýiensek, tәuelsizdik jyldary elimizge shetelden 1 milliongha juyq qazaq kóship keldi. Búl – el túrghyndarynyng 5,5 payyzy. Degenmen shetelde әli de kóptegen qandastarymyz túryp jatyr. 2013 jyly zangha engizilgen ózgeristerge oray kóshi-qonnyng ýderisi bayau­lap qaldy. Sebebi onda birtalay keder­gi bolghan edi. Al myna zang jobasynyng eng basty janalyghy – etnikalyq qazaq­tar­dyng kóshi-qony tónireginde tuyndap otyr­ghan mәselelerdi sheshude, solardy jenil­detude birqatar naqty-naqty jana nor­ma­lar qa­byldanuymen erekshe ekenin aita ketuim ke­rek. Ýkimetten de birneshe jana norma ke­lip týsken edi, biraq deputattar tarapy­nan olar jetildirildi. 
Aytalyq, búrynghy zang boyynsha bizge shetelden kelgen qazaqtar azamattyq aluy ýshin әueli Qazaqstanda tórt jyl túruy mindetti bolghan edi jәne ózining tólem qabi­letin rastauy qajet bolatyn. Belgili bir mólsherde 2 mln tengeden astam qarajatty bankilik esepshotqa qúny kerek boldy. Sol siyaqty, Ýkimet aiqyndaghan ónirge baruy min­detteldi. Sonda ghana oralman mәrtebesin aldy, azdaghan jenildikter berildi. Al basqa ónirge kóship kelse, olargha oralman mәr­te­besi berilmey, birqatar qiyndyqtargha úshy­rady. Endi biz jana zanmen osy keder­gi­ler­ding bәrin alyp tastadyq deuimizge bo­lady. 
Birinshiden, zang kýshine engennen keyin keletin etnikalyq qazaqtar qonystanghan ónirine qaramastan, Qazaqstannyng qay ob­lysyna kelse de, oralman mәrtebesin ala alady. Ekinshiden, tórt jyl túrugha mindetti emes, Qazaqstan azamattyghyn bir jyldyng ishinde ala alady. Jalpy, ótinish bergen kýn­nen bastap, ýsh aidyng ishinde de alu mým­­­kindigi bar. Biraq bir jyldyng ishinde azamattyqty alyp boluy kerek. Tólem qa­biletin rastau talap etilmeydi. Kedergi kel­tirgen osy ýsh mәsele boyynsha biz bir­ta­lay jenildikter jasadyq. Sondyqtan qan­das­tarymyzdyng kóshi-qony aldaghy uaqytta qaytadan jandana týsedi dep oilaymyz. 
Deputattar birqatar úsynystaryn ber­-di, júmys tobynyng qúramyna qandastary­myzdy biriktiretin qoghamdyq úiymdardyng ókilderi endi. Onyng biri «Jebeu» qoghamdyq úiymynan Auyt Múqiybek degen azamat, ol Qytay qazaqtarynyng problemalaryn jaq­sy biledi, ózi de sol jaqtan kóship kelgen. Ekinshisi Qayrat Bodauhan esimdi azamat, ol kezinde Mongholiyadan qonys audarghan. Osy­laysha, ózimiz bilmeytin qanday ishki problemalar bar ekenin bilu maqsatynda jәne olardy sheshu ýshin biz shetelde tú­ratyn eki ýlken diasporanyng ókilderin júmys tobyna qosyp, zang jobasyn talqy­la­ghan barlyq jinalystarymyzgha qatys­tyrdyq. 
Alghashqy qabyldanghan zandarymyzda kvota qonystanghan ónirine qaramastan, berile berdi ghoy. Bauyrlarymyz qay jerge kelem dese de, kvota berildi. Odan keyin keybir aimaqtarda júmys tabuda, túrghyn ýy aluda mәseleler tuyndaghandyqtan jәne soltýstik aimaqtarda halyqtyng siyrek or­na­lasqanyna oray Ýkimet kóshi-qon pro­sesin zanmen retteudi qolgha alghan bolatyn. Ol kezde soltýstiktegi oblystargha baru ýshin osynday qadamdar jasalghan edi. Biraq ol kóptegen qayshylyqtar tughyzdy. Sebebi keybir adamdar Ýkimetten kómek almay-aq ózderi de kelgisi keledi. Biraq azamattyq alu prosesin tezdetip, jenildetilgen tәrtip­pen alghysy keletinin jasyrmaydy. «Elge salmaq salmaymyn, óz jaghdayymdy ózim retke keltirip, túrmysymdy jaqsarta ala­myn» degenderge nege kel demeymiz? Son­dyqtan onday qandastarymyzgha da mým­kindik beruimiz kerek qoy. Olargha «Tek biz belgilegen ónirlerge barasyn, sonda ghana azamattyq alasyn» dep nege kedergi ja­sauy­myz kerek? Al jana zang jobasynda kedergi joq, bәri alynyp tastaldy. Qay jerge kóship kelse de, әueli oralman mәr­tebesine ie bolady, sosyn Qazaqstan aza­mattyghyn alady. Biraq Ýkimet aiqyndaghan ónirlerge barsa, arnayy qarastyrylghan әleumettik kómekti ala alady. Aytalyq, qan­dasymyz soltýstik oblysqa ne ózge mem­leketpen shekaralas audangha barsa, Ýki­met onyng jýgin tasyghan, kelgen jol shyghan­daryn óteydi, sonymen birge әrbir otbasy iyesine 50 ailyq eseptik kórsetkish (AEK), әrbir otbasy mýshesine 35 AEK kóleminde jәrdem beriledi. Júmyspen qamtylady. Jalgha beriletin ýimen qamtamasyz etiledi. Sonday-aq onyng osy jalgha berilgen ýidi 5 jyldan song jekeshelendirip alugha qú­qy­ghy bar. 
Al endi Ýkimet aiqyndamaghan, yaghny bas­qa ónirge barsa, onday kómekter berilmeydi. Qazaqstannyng býkil azamaty siyaqty әleu­mettik jenildikterdi ala alady. Mysaly, qújattaryn tapsyryp, zeynetaqy alady. Mýgedektikke baylanysty jәrdemaqy alu qúqyghy bar.
– Zangha engizilip otyrghan taghy qanday ja­nalyqtar bar?
– Deputattardyng úsynysy boyynsha taghy bir jana zandyq norma engizildi. Bý­gin­gi tanda Qazaqstan sheteldegi qazaq­targha bilim granttaryn berip otyr. Bilim grant­taryna ie bolyp ne óz betinshe joghary oqu oryndaryna kelip týsken qazaq jastary­-na jenildetilgen tәrtippen Qazaqstan aza­mat­tyghyn aluyna qúqyq beretin norma en­gi­zi­lip otyr. Búl da bolsa, ong bastama. Sebebi bú­rynghy zang normalary boyynsha olar bizding elimizde bilim alady, bitir­gen­nen keyin Qazaqstannan shyghyp ketui ke­rek bolatyn. Oralman mәrtebesin, odan keyin azamattyqty alu ýshin kóshi-qonnyng býkil prosesinen ótip, qayta kelui qajet edi. Endi oqugha kelgen etnikalyq qazaqtar oqugha týs­kennen keyin tehnikalyq jәne kәsiptik, orta bilimnen keyingi, joghary jәne joghary oqu ornynan keyingi bilim beru mekeme­le­rining jataqhanalarynda uaqytsha tirkeluge jәne jenildetilgen tәrtippen Qazaqstan Res­publikasynyng azamattyghyna qabyldau turaly ótinishhat beruge qúqyghy bar.
Sonymen qatar azamattyq alu kezinde qandasymyzdyng tirkegen jeri boluy talap etildi. Studentterding azamattyqty rәsimdeu kezinde qiyndyqtar tuyndamasyn dep jana zandyq normalar engizdik. Qyzmettik nemese jeke túrghyn ýii bolmaghan kezde oralmandardy beyimdeu jәne integra­siyalau ortalyqtarynda, uaqytsha orna­lastyru ortalyqtarynda ne bilim beru úiymdarynyng jataqhanalarynda bir jyl­dan aspaytyn merzimge uaqytsha tirkeluge qúqyq beretin norma qarastyryldy. Búl da bolsa, qandastarymyzdyng óz Otanyna kel­gende, az uaqyttyng ishinde azamattyghyn alu­gha jәne jana ortagha tez beyimdelip ke­tuine septigin tiygizedi dep oilaymyz.
Sonday-aq olar ýshin vizany úzartu jóninde problema bolyp keldi. Sebebi viza ýsh aigha beriledi. Osy merzimde aza­mat­­tyghyn, taghy basqa mәselelerdi rettey al­masa, ýsh aidan keyin ózi kelgen memle­ket­-ke ba­ryp, vizasyn úzartuy tiyis bolghan. Osynday qiyndyqtar bolghan son, biz ony jenildetip, vizany úzartu mәselesin sheshu­di Ishki ister organdarynyng qúzyretine berdik. Yaghny Aqtóbege kelgen adam qaytadan Qytaygha ne Irangha barmay-aq, sol jerdegi ishki ister departamentine baryp, vizasyn úzarta alady. 
– Qandastarymyzdy әure-sarsangha sa­-lyp jýrgen osy bir mәsele ong sheshimin tap­qaly túr eken.
– IYә. Sol sekildi alghashqy zandarda bolghan, keyin alynyp tastalghan bir norma bar. Ol otbasyn biriktiruge baylanysty shetelderde túratyn aghayyn-tuystaryn sha­­qyru mәselesi edi. Mysaly, keybir el­der­­ding memlekettik organy otbasyn birik­tiru ýshin kuәlandyrylghan shaqyrtu qa­ghazyn sú­ray­tyny anyqtaldy. Soghan oray jergilikti atqarushy organdardyng qúzy­retine shaqyrtu qaghazyn beru jәne kuә­landyru jónindegi qosymsha mindetter jýk­­­teldi. 
Býgingi bar zanda qandastarymyzdyng bir әkimshilik qúqyq búzushylyghy bolsa, olargha azamattyq berilmeydi. Mysaly, kóshede belgilenbegen jerden ótip ketken kezde ne avtokóligimen jol erejesin búzyp, aiyppúl salynghan bolsa, shetelde nesie tóleudi ke­shiktirse de, ol әkimshilik qúqyq búzushy­lyq bolyp esepteledi, onday adamdargha azamat­tyq beruden bas tartylyp keldi. Osy normany tym qatandau degen toqtamgha kelip, biz ony jenildettik. «Bir ret búzghan» degenning ornyna «birneshe ret búzghan jagh­dayda» dep ózgerttik.
– Al qanday qandastarymyzgha azamat­tyq mýldem berilmeydi?
– Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng shetel­dikterding qúqyqtyq jaghdayy turaly zan­namasyn birneshe ret búzghan, sonday-aq auyr nemese asa auyr qylmysy ýshin alyn­baghan nemese joyylmaghan sottalghandyghy bar qandastarymyzgha azamattyq beril­meydi. Adamgha qarsy auyr qylmys jasa­-ghan, ne bolmasa terroristik, ekstremistik oqighalargha qatysqan ne sonday kózqarasty ústanghan adamdargha azamattyq beruden mýldem bas tartylady. Óitkeni búl mem­leketimizding últtyq qauipsizdigin saqtaugha bay­lanysty. Ol – barlyq elderding zanda­ryn­da bar norma. Búrynghy zanda jalpy asa auyr qylmys jasap sottalghandargha elge keluge jol jabyq bolatyn. Biz qandas­ta­rymyz ýshin sonyng ózin júmsarttyq. Yaghny asa auyr qylmysy ýshin alynbaghan nemese joyylmaghan sottalghandyghy bolsa ghana azamattyq beruden bas tartylady. Búryn sot­talghan, merzimi ótelgen bolsa, onday adamdy qabyldaugha bolady dep oilaymyz. Óitkeni ol jazasyn aldy, ótedi. 
Deputattar ónirlerde de jii bolyp tú­rady. Manghystau da shetelden kelgen qan­dastarymyz tyghyz qonystanghan aimaq. Mysaly, óz qalauy boyynsha kóship kelgen qandastarymyzdyng 21 payyzy Ontýstik Qa­zaqstangha túraqtasa, 15 payyzy Almaty oblysyna, 12,6 payyzy Manghystau ob­ly­syna barghan.
Zang jobasyn talqylau kezeninde aimaq­targha barghanda, qandastarymyzben til­des­tik. Ózim Manghystaugha barghanda, «Núr Otan» partiyasynyng ónirdegi filialyna kelip, shaghymdanyp jýrgen bir top bauyr­larymyzdy jinap, oblystyq kóshi-qon de­partamentinde kezdesu ótkizdim. Qolda­nystaghy zang boyynsha olar tórt jylgha deyin oralman kuәligimen túruy kerek, aza­mattyghyn әli alghan joq. Biraq olardyng balasyn mektepke berude, emhana men auruhanagha baruda, zeynetaqysyn aluda bir mәsele tuyndaghan eken. Ol – jeke sәikes­tendiru nómirlerining (JSN) bolmauy. So­nyng saldarynan aqsha tólemderi men aqsha audarymdardy jýzege asyruda, onyng ishinde mindetti zeynetaqy jarnalaryn jәne әleu­mettik tólemderdi audaru kezinde, salyqtyq mindettemelerin oryndauda, rúqsat beru siy­patyndaghy qújattardy berude qiyn­dyqtar tuyndaydy. Júmysqa kelgen son, ózim úsynys berdim. Soghan baylanysty «Sәikestendiru nómirlerining últtyq tizi­limderi turaly» zangha tolyqtyrular engi­zildi, soghan sәikes oralmannyng kuәligi jeke sәikestendiru nómiri bar qújattardyng tizbesine engizildi. Endi jana zang kýshine engennen keyin oralman kuәligine JSN qosa engizilip beriledi, olar azamattyq al­ghangha deyin jogharydaghyday qiyndyqtargha úshyramaydy. Búl mәsele sóitip, ong she­shi­min tapty.
Shetel qazaqtarynyng taghy bir ótinishi boldy. Azamattyqty alar kezde olardan búryn túrghan memleketining azamattyghynan shyqty degen anyqtama talap etildi. Al key­bir elder «bara ber» deydi de, onday anyqtama bermeydi eken. Yaghny sonday anyqtama aluda qiyndyqtar tuyndaydy. Soghan oray Syrtqy ister ministrligining 2015 jylghy 7 sәuirdegi №315 qaulysymen ózgeris engizilip, onday elden anyqtama әke­lu jónindegi talap alynyp tastaldy. 
Ishki kóshi-qon mәselesin retteude de tiyimdi әri halyqqa paydaly jana normalar engizildi. Túrghyndar az qonystanghan ónir­lerge jastardy tartu arqyly olardyng sanyn arttyru, baratyn adamdardy ynta­landyru, әleuemttik qoldau mәseleleri kózdelip otyr. Osy orayda, qazir «Serpin» baghdarlamasy jýzege asyp jatyr ghoy, so­nyng ayasyndaghy keybir normalardy zan­dastyrdyq. Mysaly, ontýstikten túrghyn­dary az soltýstikke oqugha barghan jastargha kolledjderde oqu ýshin bilim granttary be­riledi, sol oqu ornynyng jataqhana­-synda túrady, taghy basqa mәseleler zanda aiqyndaldy. 
– Bir bayqaghanymyz, osy zang jobasyn talqylaugha deputattar óte belsendi qatys­ty. Múnyng sebebi ne?
– IYә, әriptesterimiz júmys tobynda belsendi boldy jәne óte kóp ózgerister ber­di. Pikirtalastar da az bolghan joq. Júmys tobynyng otyrysynda bolghan tal­qy­laulargha belsendi qatysqan әriptesterim Aldan Smayylgha, Baqytbek Smaghúlgha, Gýl­mira Isimbaevagha, Mayra Aysinagha, Qút­ty­qoja Ydyrysovqa, Núrtay Sәbiliya­nov­qa, Oliga Kikolenkogha, Almas Túrtaevqa, Meruert Qazbekovagha osy zang jobasyn jetildiruge atsalysqandary ýshin rizashy­lyghymyzdy bildiremiz. Basqa da deputat­-tar óz úsynystaryn bergenin de atap ót­ke­nim jón.
Júmys tobynyng qúramynda Syrtqy ister, Ishki ister, Densaulyq saqtau jәne әleumettik damu, Bilim jәne ghylym miy­nistrlikterinin, Últtyq qauipsizdik komiy­te­tining ókilderi boldy. Keleli mәselelerdi kenese otyryp sheshtik dep oilaymyn.
Mýddeli ministrlik ókilderi, Mәjilis apparatynyng zannama jәne audarma bó­limining qyzmetkerleri, Áleumettik-mәdeny damu komiytetining konsulitanttary óte jaq­sy júmys jasady. Júmys tobynyng otyrystaryn tek qana qazaq tilinde ótki­zil­genin aituymyz kerek. Sóilep otyrghan adamnyng sózin sol sәtinde orysshadan qa­zaqshagha,qazaqshadan orysshagha audaryp otyratyn ilespe audarmashylar da óz jú­mystaryn jetik atqara bildi. Sonday-aq qandastarymyzdy biriktiretin eki qoghamdyq úiymnyng ókilderine de raqmetimizdi aita­myz. Olar etnikalyq qazaqtargha qatysty qay elde qanday problemalar bar ekenin aityp, mәselelerding ishine tereng ýniluimizge jaghday jasady, sol arqyly osy zang joba­syn jaqsy jaghyna qaray jetildiruimizge yqpal etti.
– Qorytyndy oi-pikirinizdi bildirseniz.
– Keybireuler zang jobasy úzaq qaraldy deydi. Shynyna kelgende, biz zang jobasyn qantarda alyp, aqpan aiynda júmys tobyn bastadyq. Júmys toby barysynda keybir qarjygha ne basqa da әleumettik-qúqyqtyq normagha qatysty baptar boldy, olardy Ýkimetke ong qorytyndy alu ýshin jiberip otyrdyq. Jana sessiyanyng basynda jan-jaqty jetildirile kelgen zang jobasy jal­py otyrystyng qarauyna úsynyldy, bi­rin­shi, odan keyin ekinshi oqylymda ma­qúl-
dandy. Qarasha aiynda Senat deputattary da qarap, zandy qabyldady. Al 24 qarasha kýni Memleket basshysy osy bir manyzdy zangha qol qoydy.
Býgingi qandastarymyzdyng algha tartyp kelgen problemalarynyng kóbin osy zang jobasynyng ayasynda sheshe aldyq. Biraq zang kýshine enip, júmys jasau prosesinde jergilikti atqarushy organdardyn, osy zang normalaryn tereng zerdeley otyryp, zang ayasynda júmys jasap, qandastarymyzdy qabyldauda sauattylyq tanytuyna da kóp mәsele baylanysty bolmaq. Qandasta­ry­myzdyng arasynda týsindiru júmystary jýr­gizilui kerek. Sebebi kóbine zannyng normalaryn bilmegendikten, qayshylyqtar, teris әreketter tuyndap jatady. Mysaly, qandasymyz bir jyldyng ishinde azamattyq aluy kerek ekeni jazylghan. Tipti ýsh aidyng ishinde de alyp ýlgeredi. Eger bir jylda alyp ýlgermese, olar jenildetilgen tәrtip­pen alu mýmkindiginen aiyrylyp qalady da, jalpy tәrtippen alu prosesine tap bolady. Al jalpy tәrtippen azamattyq alu ýshin Qazaqstanda bes jyl túruy kerek. Mine, osyny biz kelgen jәne qonys auda­rugha qamdanghan qandastarymyzgha jiti tý­sindiruimiz qajet. Jenildetilgen tәrtip bar eken dep birneshe jyl jýrip almauy qajet. «Oy, bilmey qaldym, bir mәseleler shyghyp qaldy» degen syltaumen uaqyt ótkizip alugha bolmaydy. Túraqty túrugha kóship keldi me, azamattyq alugha qajetti qújattardy jinap, tapsyrugha birden kirisui kerek. 
Jalpy, adam balasy shyr etip dýniyege kelgende tughan jerin, ata-anasyn tanda­maydy degen úghym bar. Shynymen de, zaman men qogham ózgerip jatqan tústa, kimning qayda, qashan dýniyege keletinin Jaratqan iyemiz ghana biledi. Qay zamanda da, әr adamgha óz Otanynyng shekarasy syrtynda qalu­dan asqan qasiret joq shyghar! Almaghayyp za­manda kóship ketken ne sol shetelde gha­syrlar boyy túryp jatqan nemese shekara syzyghyn belgilegende, syrtta qalyp qoyghan etnikalyq qazaqtar qanshama?! Olar balalarynyng bolashaghy ýshin tarihy Otany – Qazaqstangha kóship kelgisi keledi. Qazaq elining keleshegi ýshin bilim alyp, ózining tәuelsiz memleketine enbek sinirudi maqsat etedi. Olardyng osy arman-tilegin jýzege asyrugha qoldau kórsetu, ornyghyp, beyimdelip ketuine jaghday jasau bizding mindetimiz jәne barsha Qazaqstan azamat­tarynyng paryzy dep oilaymyn.

Ángimelesken 
Naryn ORDABAY,
Astana

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