110 JYL BÚRYN... JER-SU MÁSELESI... MEMLEKETTIK DUMA...
Birinshi Memlekettik duma mýshesi Ahmet Birimjanov. S.-Peterburg. 1906 j.
Búdan 110 jyl búryn Sankt-Peterburgte Birinshi orys revolusiyasynyng dýmpuimen dýniyege kelgen Memlekettik duma júmys istey bastady. Halqymyzdyng últtyq mýddesin qorghaudy maqsat etken túnghysh mәseleni Dumanyng qazaq mýsheleri ishinen Torghay oblysynan saylanghan deputat Ahmet Qorghanbekúly Birimjanov kóterdi. Ol Resey imperiyasy parlamentining minberine osydan 110 jyl ilgeride shyqqan alghashqy qazaq edi.
Resey imperiyasyndaghy halyqtardyng taghdyryna tikeley әser etip jatqan óte ótkir de ózekti jer-su mәselesi Memlekettik dumanyng alghashqy eki shaqyrylymynda da biylikke jaghymsyz sipatta qarastyrylghany mәlim. Ahmet Birimjanov Torghay oblysynan deputat bolyp kelgen I Dumada búl sharuamen tikeley shúghyldanu ýshin arnayy Agrarlyq komissiya qúrylghan bolatyn. Komissiyagha әr bes Duma mýshesinen bir adam engiziledi, sóitip agrarlyq komissiya mýshelerining jalpy sany 99 adam bolady dep belgilengen.
Alayda Memdumagha deputat saylau keshigip bastalghan ónirlerden kelip jatqandar kóbeyip, agrarlyq komissiyanyng qúramy 99 adamnan túru kerek degen sheshimning dúrys bolmaytynyn bayqatty. Soghan baylanysty 19 Duma mýshesinen qúrylghan komissiya 1906 jylghy 30 mausymda bolghan 36-shy plenarlyq mәjiliste «Agrarlyq komissiyagha qosymsha saylau ótkizu turaly» úsynys jasady. Sóilegender qazirding ózinde imperiyanyng әr qiyrynan kelgen 27 deputat Duma mýsheligine tirkelu aldynda túrghanyn, Sibir men Týrkistannan taghy 25 deputat saylanady dep kýtilude ekenin aityp, agrarlyq komissiyadan olargha qosymsha oryndar bólinuin talap etti.
Osy kezde minbege Memlekettik duma mýshesi Ahmet Qorghanbekúly Birimjanov kóterildi. (Búghan deyin onyng Torghay oblysynyng qazaq bolystarynan 1906 jylghy 28 mamyrda deputat bolyp saylanu ýderisi zangha sәikes, dúrys ótkendigi Memdumanyng 13 mausymdaghy mәjilisine rastalghan, ol, sonday-aq, bir top MD mýshelerining sharualardy qazaq jerine qonys audartudaghy zansyzdyqtargha baylanysty ýkimetke joldanbaq deputattyq súrau saluyna qol qoyyp ta ýlgergen edi).
«Memduma Agrarlyq komissiyany qúru kezinde Dumanyng bes mýshesinen komissiyagha bir ókil engizudi negizgi ereje etip aluyn men de tabandy týrde talap etemin», – dep mәlimdedi Memlekettik duma mýshesi Birimjanov.
Onyng oiynsha, alghashynda 99 adamnan túrady dep belgilengen qúram ózgeru kerek, sebebi, esepteuine qaraghanda, imperiyanyng barlyq jerinde saylau ótip bolghan song MD mýshelerining jalpy sany 524 adam bolady. Demek, agrarlyq komissiya qúramy 103-104 adamnan túrugha tiyis. Býginge deyin komissiyagha 91 adam saylandy, endi komissiyany tolyqtyru ýshin búryn kózdelgen mólsherge jetkizetin 8 oryn emes, jana esep boyynsha 13 oryn beriluge tiyistigin eskeru kerek. Qalghan oryndar Sibirge, Orta Aziyagha jәne Kavkazgha berilmek, biraq qazaqtar túratyn Dala oblystary turaly Duma qaulysynda eshtene aitylmaydy. Múny týzetu jón.
Ekinshi Memlekettik duma mýsheleri. Otyrghan – Oral oblysynyng deputaty Baqytjan Qarataev II Memdumada orys otarshyldyghyn әshkerelep, qazaqtyng jer-su mýddesin qorghaytyn әigili sózin sóiler aldynda. Janynda týregep túrghan – Torghay oblysynyng deputaty Ahmet Birimjanov. S.-Peterburg. Tariya sarayy, 1907 j.
«Men, qazaqtar túratyn shet aimaqtar ókili retinde, bes artyq orynnan ýsh oryndy, nemese, eng kemi eki oryndy Jetisu, Semey, Torghay, Oral oblystary jәne Astrahan guberniyasynyng Bókey ordasy kiretin qazaq oblystaryna bóludi ótinemin», – dedi ol.
Sonymen qatar, Birimjanov Bókey ordasyndaghy 500 myn, Oral oblysynda 400 myng adamdyq dala halqy bar ekenine, olardyng tútas oblys bola alatynyna nazar audardy. Qazaq oblystary Sibirge jatqyzyldy ma, әlde Orta Aziyagha qosyldy ma, múny Memduma anyqtasa degen tilek bildirdi. Eger eki tarapqa da qosylmaghan bolsa, onda atalghan aimaqtardy jeke birlik dep qarap, Sibir jәne Kavkaz ókilderine bólgendey territoriyalyq prinsip qabyldansa degen úsynys aitty.
Duma әr bes Memduma mýshesinen bir Agrarlyq komissiya mýshesin saylau jәne búl sharuany jana deputattardyng Dumagha kelip jetui barysynda ýzdiksiz jýrgize beru jayynda sheshim qabyldady. Búl Duma tarqatylardan bir apta búrynghy jaghday edi.
Áygili «3 mausym» tónkerisinen keyin Ahmet Qorghanbekúly Birimjanov búrynghy zang salasyndaghy qyzmetine qaytyp oraldy.
Ol 1871 jyly Torghay ýiezining Tosyn bolysynda dýniyege kelgen-tin. 1891 jyly Orynbor erler gimnaziyasyn, 1896 jyly Qazan uniyversiytetining zang fakulitetin bitirgennen son, Orynbor okrugtyq sotynda tórt jyl qyzmet atqarghan. Troisk jәne Orynbor ýiezderinde sot tergeushisi, Aqtóbe okrugining 2-shi uchaskesinde mirovoy sudiya (imperiyanyng sot jýiesindegi birinshi buynnyng sudiyasy) boldy.
1907 jylghy 12 aqpanda Torghay oblysy qazaqtarynyng uәkilderi (vyborshikteri) ony Memlekettik dumanyng ekinshi shaqyrylymyna da deputtattyqqa saylady. II Dumada ol Músylman fraksiyasyna tirkeldi. Áskeriy-dalalyq sottardy joiy jәne jergilikti sottardy ózgertu jónindegi komissiyalargha mýshe boldy.
Memlekettik Duma
II Duma tarqatylyp, qazaq halqy saylau qúqtarynan airylghannan keyin, Buzuluk qalasynda sot tergeushisi bolyp istedi.
Monarhiya qúlaghan song Uaqytsha ýkimetting jýiesinde – alghashynda Torghay ýiezinin, sosyn Qostanay ýiezining komissary boldy.
Birimjanov qazaqtyng eldigin janghyrtudy kózdegen qoghamdyq-sayasy júmystargha belsene atsalysty. Torghay oblysy qazaqtarynyng 1917 jylghy sәuirde Orynborda, tamyzda Aqtóbede ótken sezderine qatysty, jana sot jýiesining jobasyn әzirleu jónindegi komissiya qúramyna endi. Qyrkýiekte Orynborda Torghay oblysynyng komissary Álihan Bókeyhanovtyng úiymdastyruymen ótken Torghay oblystyq birikken mújyq-qazaq sezine de qatysty. Shildede ótken I Jalpyqazaq sezinde Qúryltayshy jinalysqa Torghay oblysynan deputattyqqa úsynyldy, jeltoqsandaghy II sezde «Alash-Orda» Halyq Kenesining mýsheligine saylandy.
Kenes ókimeti ornap, alashordashylar ýshin keshirim jariyalanghannan keyin, Ahmet Birimjanov Qazaq Avtonomiyaly Sovettik Sosialistik Respublikasynyng zang oryndarynda jauapty qyzmetter atqardy. Zang komissariatynyng alqa mýshesi, Jogharghy sot mýshesi boldy. Osy qyzmetinde jýrgeninde, 1928 jyly Leningrad (Sankt-Peterburg) auruhanasynda nauqastan qaytys boldy.
Beybit Qoyshybaev
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