Tәuelsiz Qazaqstan elding azattyghy men aumaqtyq tútastyghy ýshin kýreskenderding  erligin tanuy tiyis!

Álemning barlyq derlik memleketteri tәuelsizdikke qol jetkizgennen keyin birinshi kezekti memlekettik shara retinde óz halqynyng azattyghy, óz jerining birtútastyghy men býtindigi, óz elining tәuelsizdigi jolyndakýresken úl-qyzdarynyng (qaza tapqan jәne kózi tiri) taghdyry, kórsetken erligi jóninde sheshim qabyldady. Olar óz Otanyn, óz jerin qorghaushylardy últtyq batyr dәrejesine kóterip, úlyqtady.

Barlyq uaqytta barlyq qúrlyqtaghy elder men halyqtardyng kópshiligi: Aziya, Europa, Amerika, Afrika elderijoghary memlekettik aktiler qabyldaghan. Búl – әlemning zandylyghy, әlemdik praktika, janadan qúrylghan barlyq memleketter osy joldy ústanady. Birqatar elderde, tipti, memlekettik sayasatty, qoghamdyq ómirdi jәne óz azamattarynyng sanasyn otarsyzdandyru jóninde arnayy memlekettik baghdarlamalar qabyldandy.

Osy tabighy prosess eshbir elde tarihty qayta jazu bolyp sanalmady. Kerisinshe, búl aqiqat pen әdildikti qalpyna keltiru bolyp esepteldi, óitkeni, birinshiden, metropoliya-elder jәne olardyng jylnamashylary men ghalymdary eshqashan da, eshbir jerde de ózderi otarlaghan elding shynayy tarihyn jazbay, әrdayym ózderining órkeniyet taratushy rólin asyra kótermelep, ózderi jýrgizgen zorlyq-zombylyqty aqtady, ekinshiden, otarshyl-totalitarlyq sayasat pen iydeologiya óz bodanyndaghy halyqtyng azattyghy men tәuelsizdigi jolyndaghy kýreskerlerdi qylmysker dep kórsetti, al otarshyl biylik olardyng kýresin qatygezdikpen basyp-janshyp, olardy jýieli týrde qudalap otyrdy. Sondyqtan da jas memleketter ózderining azattyghymen tәuelsizdigi ýshinkýresken batyrlaryn aqtap, olardyng esimin qayta janghyrtyp, sinirgen qyzmetterin layyqty týrde tanudy ózderining boryshy men mindeti sanady.

Kenes Odaghy ydyraghannan keyin qalyptasqan jana memleketter men «sosialistik lageri» elderinde de osyndaypraktika ornyqty. Shyghys Europa memleketteri, búrynghy KSRO-nyng odaqtas respublikalarynyng barlyghy derlik, ótken ghasyrdyng 90-shy jyldarynyng basynda, ózderinin  naqty jaghdaylaryn negizge ala otyryp, qajetti memlekettik sheshimder qabyldady.

Mәselen, Litva Respublikasy kenestik otarlaugha qarsy nebary 50 jyl kýresken túlghalardy aqtap alu, olardyng búzylghan qúqyqtaryn qalpyna keltiru boyynsha 29 joghary memlekettik akt (10 zan, 19 Ýkimet qaulysyn) qabyldady. Litvada, tipti, jana Memlekettik ortalyq qúrylyp, el Seyminde túraqty júmys isteytin komissiya úiymdastyryldy, olar qabyldanghan zannamalyq aktilerdi iske asyryp, olardyng oryndalu barysyn baqylap otyrdy.

Gruzin Respublikasy El tәuelsizdigi jolynda kýresken jәne últ-azattyq kýreske qatysqany ýshin qughyn-sýrginge úshyraghan túlghalardyng erlikterine qatysty әdilettilikti qalpyna keltiru turaly memlekettik dekret qabyldady. Tipti, jana, demokratiyalyq Reseyding ózinde «Sayasy qughyn-sýrgin qúrbandaryn aqtau turaly» zan, «Negizsiz qughyn-sýrgin qúrbany bolghan diny qyzmetshiler men dindarlardy aqtau turaly» Preziydent aktisi, «Qaza tapqan otan qorghaushylary turaly», «Qughyn-sýrginge úshyratylghan halyqtardy aqtau turaly» zandar men basqa da aktiler sekildi zannamalyq aktiler qabyldandy. Sol arqyly Resey Federasiyasy KSRO-nyng qúqyqtyq mirasqory retinde, birinshiden, tipti, olardyng reseylik Otanynyng ózinde jýieli sayasy qughyn-sýrgin faktileri men qorghaushylardynbatyrlyghyn úmytu oryn alghanyn, ekinshiden, óz aumaghynda tútas halyqtardyng qughyn-sýrginge úshyratylghanyn moyyndady.

Resey Preziydenti B. Elisinning «Úly Otan soghysy kezeninde jәne soghystan keyingi kezende qughyn-sýrginge úshyratylghan, búryn әskery tútqyn jәne azamattyq túlgha bolghan Resey azamattarynyng zandy qúqyqtaryn qalpyna keltiru turaly» 1995 jylghy 24 qantardaghy Jarlyghyn atap ótpeuge bolmaydy. Búl Jarlyq Resey aumaghynda, negizinen alghanda, kenes qolbasshylyghynyng kinәsinen tútqyngha týsken, totalitarlyq rejimning jýzdegen myng jәne milliondaghan qúrbandaryn aqtap, olardyng ardaqty atyn qalpyna keltiruge jol ashty. Stalinning ózi Gitlermen Germaniyadaghy syrtqy basqynshylyq pen fashizmdi juyp-shayatyn sharttar jasassa da, búl adamdardyng ómiri qosarly qasiretpen qosa órildi: olar tútqynda fashisterding qorlap-kemsitui men qughyn-sýrginine dushar bolsa, óz Otanynda olardy Stalin satqyn jәne memlekettik qylmysker dep jariyalap, sodan tuyndaytyn barlyq ashy saldardyng azabyn tartqyzdy.  

Qazaqstan Respublikasynda da tәuelsizdik alghannan keyin birqatar manyzdy memlekettik sheshimder qabyldanghanyn aitu kerek. Atap aitqanda, negizinen alghanda, tarihy jәne mәdeny eskertkishterdi qalpyna keltiruge, qazaq tilin, sәulet qúrylystaryn qayta týletuge baghyttalghan «Tarihy sanany qalpyna keltiru tújyrymdamasy», «Mәdeny múra» baghdarlamasy qabyldandy.

Jekelegen tarihy oqighalar men danqty (negizinen alghanda jongharlarmen bolghan soghystar kezinde) tarihy túlghalargha arnalghan ghylymiy-praktikalyq konferensiyalar ótkizilip, eskertkishter qoyyldy, olardyng aty kóshelerge berilip, memleket basshylarynyng bayandamalaryna arqau boldy, olar turaly kitaptar shygharylyp, maqalalar jazyldy, birqatar kórkem jәne derekti filimder týsirildi.

Degenmen, múnyng barlyghy akademiyalyq әri birjolghy sipatta bolyp, jalpy tәsilder men úsynymdargha, sonday-aq mereytoylyq datalargha arnalyp, saltanatty is-sharalar – toylar formatynda ótkizilip jýr. Osynday is-sharalargha memlekettik biylik organdary bastamashy bolmaydy. Olar, әdette, qoghamdyq úiymdardyn, ghalymdardyn, sol túlghalardan taraghan úrpaqtardyng tabandy bastama jasauy arqasynda ótkiziledi. Ortalyqtaghy, sonday-aq jergilikti jerlerdegi memlekettik organdar búl mәselelermen arnayy týrde ainalyspaydy, óitkeni olardyng aldyna múnday mindet qoyylmaghan, búl ýshin qajetti zandar qabyldanbaghan. Jergilikti biylik organdary, negizinen alghanda, әrtýrli dengeydegi sheneunikterding korporasiyalyq, koniunkturalyq, keyde traybalistik, jershildik payymdaryna sýiene otyryp, múnday sharalargha memleket tarapynan qoldau kórsetiluine kónilining hoshyna qaray kelisim bildiredi nemese odan bas tartady.

Ókinishke oray, bizding elimizde basqa memleketterdegidey memlekettik dengeyde tújyrymdalghan qaghidattar men sayasiy-qúqyqtyq standarttardyng joqtyghy saldarynan, key-keyde otarshyl sayasat pen iydeologiyagha qyzmet etip, osynday sayasattyn, mysaly, stalinizmning jarshysy men taratushysy bolghan adamdar (jazushylar, aqyndar, respublikalyq jәne ónirlik dengeydegi basshylar, ghalymdar) dәriptelip, madaqtalyp jatady. Olardyng ishinde halyq pen el mýddesin qorghaghan patriottardy óz mansaby ýshin, jeke basynyng iygiligi ýshin qudalap, qughyn-sýrginge úshyratqan adamdar da bar. Múnday praktikanyng ong tústarymen qatar, teris tústary da kóp, ol keyde óskeleng úrpaqqa azghyndatu túrghysynan daәser etedi.

Basqa búrynghy odaqtas respublikalardan bir ereksheligi – biz әli kýnge deyin Qazaqstannyng azattyghy, tәuelsizdigi men aumaqtyq tútastyghy ýshin kýreskenderge qatysty eshbir arnayy memlekettik akt qabyldamadyq. Búl bizding óz tәuelsizdigimizdi onshalyqty qadirlep-qasterley bermeytinimizdi, sonday-aq Otanymyzdy qorghau jolynda erlik jasaghan ata-babamyz turaly estelikti tiyisti týrde baghalap, qayta janghyrtudy qalamaytynymyzdy bildiredi.

Qazir tәuelsizdik alghan basqa memleketter aumaghynda qughyn-sýrginge úshyrasa da, Qazaqstangha jer audarylghan barlyq kәristerdi, sheshenderdi, ingushter men basqa da halyqtardy aqtap alghanymyz dúrys boldy.

Alayda, birneshe ghasyr boyy aluantýrli memlekettik qudalaugha úshyrap, jazalaushy jasaqtar qyryp-joyghan, atajúrty Qazaqstannan quylghan, tútas bir halyqtyng jartysyn bir tistem nangha zar qylyp, azapty ajal qúshtyrghan, qoldan jasalghan zúlmat ashtyqtyng qúrbany bolghan bayyrghy halyq – qazaqtardyng ókilderine (halyqtyng ózine de) qatysty birde bir arnayy memleket akt qabyldanbady.Ótken ghasyrdyng 90-shy jyldaryndaghy syrtqy jәne ishki jaghday múnday akt qabyldaugha mýmkindik bergenin atap ótu kerek. Men búghan nyq senimmen aighaq bere alamyn, sebebi kezinde Qazaqstandaghy osy mәselelermen ainalysyp, búrynghy odaqtas respublikalardaghy sayasy jaghdaydy múqiyat zerdelep shyqtym.

Qazaq halqynyng taghdyry jóninde aitqanda, qazaq halqy kórshiles memleketterding basqynshyl sayasaty saldarynan «bólshektengen halyq» kebin kiygen halyqtar qatarynan oryn alghanyn aitpay ketu mýmkin emes, óitkeni qazir halyqtyng ýshten bir bóligi tarihy Otanynan tysqary jerde ómir sýrip jatyr. Býgingi kýni, resmy derekter boyynsha, jat jerge eriksizqonys audarghan 5 millionnan astam otandasymyz Qazaqstannan tysqary jerde túryp jatyr.Búl, shamamen alghanda, qazaq halqynyng jalpy sanynyng ýshten birine juyghy.

Qytaydyn, Resey men Ózbekstannyng Qazaqstanmen shektes audandarynda qazaqtar búrynnan túrady. Olar osy jerlerding avtohtondy halqy bolyp tabylady. Biraq kenes biyligi Odaq ishinde әkimshilik shekaralardy mejelep, belgilegen kezde, sonday-aq aumaqtardy imperiyalar arasynda bólgen tústa qazaq jerining bir bóligi sonda túryp jatqan jergilikti qazaq halqynyng kelisiminsiz, mysaly, Qytaygha ótip ketti. Sol sebeptióz ata-babalarynyng tarihy atajúrtynda túryp jatqan qazaqtar bir sәtte-aq jat eldik bolyp shygha keldi.

Lenin bastaghan kenes biyligi búdan góri әdilirek әreket jasady: olar, birinshiden, «Alash Orda» basshylarynyng talaptaryn qoldap, ortalyghy Orynbor bolghan Avtonomiyalyq respublika týrinde qazaq últtyq memlekettigin ishinara bolsa da qayta qalpyna keltirdi, ekinshiden, Odaq ishinde әkimshilik shekaralardy belgilegen kezde tarihy túrghydan qazaqtiki bolyp tabylatyn jerlerding basym bóligi «alashordalyqtardyn» tabandy týrde talap etip, dәleldeui arqasynda Qazaqstangha qaytaryp berildi.

Teoriyalyq túrghydan alghanda,lenindik últtyq sayasat (avtor ómir sýrgen kezende jәne praktika jýzinde de) Resey imperiyasynyng oghan deyingi rejimderi jýrgizgen sayasatqa qaraghanda anaghúrlym progressivti bolghanyn moyyndau kerek. Stalin men onyng sybaylastary osy sayasattyng iske asyryluyn birtindep jәne tolyqtay búrmalap, «kenes halqyn» qoldan jasamaq bolghan kenes memleketi úzaq jyldar boyy KSRO qúramyna óz erkimen kirgen dep sanalatyn odaqtas respublikalardyng bayyrghy halyqtarynyng últtyq mýddeleri men qúqyqtaryn, sonday-aq osy respublikalardyng mәrtebesi men egemendigin ayaqqa basyp, kemitip-kemsitip keldi.

Lenindik últtyq sayasattyng ong tústaryn aitqan kezde әrbir últtyng ózin-ózi aiqyndaytyny jәne kenes federasiyasyn qúratyny turalylenindik ilim, týptep kelgende, KSRO ydyraghan kezde Qazaqstannyng memlekettik tәuelsizdik aluyn aldyn ala aiqyndap bergenin aitu kerek. Ony biz este saqtap qana qoymay, tiyisinshe baghalay biluge tiyispiz. Mysaly, Finlyandiya júrty óz ýzengilesterining qarsylyghyn enserip, fin halqynyng memlekettik tәuelsizdigin aluyna kómektesken Leninge әli kýnge deyin riza.

Arhiv derekteri kórsetip otyrghanday, ótken ghasyrdyng orta túsynda N. Hrushev, K. Voroshilov, Qazaqstannyng basshylary I. Yusupov, D. Qonaev jәne birqatar basqa túlghalar bizding birneshe audanymyzdy uaqytsha beru degen jeleumen Ózbekstangha ótkizip jiberdi. Keyinnen óz jerimizding bir bóligin ghana qaytaryp ala aldyq. Biraq Qazaqstan,osynyng barlyghyna qaramastan, Memleket basshysy N.Á. Nazarbaevtyng sayasatyna sәikes, halyqaralyq qúqyqty qúrmetteytin, kórshilerimen qarym-qatynasty qadir tútatyn, beybitshilik sýigish el retinde eshbir elge aumaqtyq talap qoyghan emes jәne qoymaydy da.Belgilengen memlekettik shekaralar búzylmaugha tiyis.

(Jalghasy bar)

Sabyr Qasymov

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