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«Jarymday kazak, jartylay Qazaq,

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Sary dalany kóresing ghajap,

Syghyrayghan oqty kózinen.(erkin audarma)», - dep bastalatyn infanteriya Generaly Lavr Kornilovke arnalghan ólendegi «jartylay qazaq» sózining qúpiyasy nede? Belgili orys aqyny, әdeby synshy Mihail Siynelinikov patshalyq reseyding songhy kezenindegi iri tarihy túlghasyna arnalghan «Kornilov» óleninde aughan, qytay topyraqtaryn aralap, Avstriyada tútqynda bolghan, patshasy qúlaghan Reseyding Qyzyl qyrghyn taghdyry qolyna tapsyrylghan joghary shendi әskery qolbasshy turaly sipattaydy. Búndaghy Kornilov kim edi?

Lavr Georgiyevich Kornilov – 1870 jyly, 18 tamyzda Semey oblysynyng Óskemen okrugynda ómirge kelgen. Ákesi Egor patshalyq Reseyding 7 Sibir kazak polkynda tómengi shendi ofiyser bolghan. Atategi Ermak әskerimen Sibir topyraghyna kelgenderden. Egor 1869 jyly Óskemen qalalyq polisiya bólimshesinde is-qaghaz jýrgizushi qyzmetine taghayyndalady. Ertis jaghalauyndaghy ýiinde Egordyng últy qazaq jary Mariya Lavrdy ómirge әkeledi. Mariya Ivanovna shoqyndyrylghan Ertis boyynda ósken qazaq qyzy. Tarih ghylymynyng doktory, professor Múrat Ábirov, Kornilovtyng qarulasy bolghan patsha әskeri general-leytenant Martynovtyn, Patsha zamanynda Lavrdyng inisi Petrmen birge Tashkentte әskery qyzmette bolghan, Sovet odaghy  marshaly B.M.Shaposhnikovtyng deregine sýienip Lavrdyng anasynyng qazaq ekenin rastaydy. Reseyding әskery tarihshysy A. Shishov «Belye generaly» enbeginde,  Lavr Georgiyevichtyng anasy qazaq qyzy ekenin, Kornilovtyng boyyndaghy kóshpendilerge tәn qyzu qandylyq pen jauyngerlik minezi naghashysyna tartqanyn, onyng jýz әlpeti, ózgeshe túrysy basqa әskery shendilerding arasynda erekshelenip túratynyn jazady.  Resmy qújattar Mariyanyng asyly esimi qazaqsha bolghanyn, derekterge Mariya bolyp týskenin, alayda shynayy esimi saqtalmay qalghanyn jazady. Keybir tarihshylar Kornilovtyng anasynyng esimi Mariyam boluy mýmkin ekenin, osy esimning Mariya bolyp jazylyp ketken boluy mýmkindigin boljaydy. «Karavan» gazetining 2009 jyly nómiri 48 sanynda «Qypshaq dalasynan shyqqan Resey әskerining bas qolbasshy» turaly maqala basylghan. Avtor maqala arqyly Lavr Kornilovtyng qazaqy tegin anyqtaugha tyrysady. Gazetting Qaraghandylyq tilshisi Tatiyana Tenning jazuynsha, Osy maqaladan keyin Ombydan Súltanghazy Múhammed-Qajy Sadyqov esimdi kisi habarlasqan. Ol: «arghy atasy kerey ruynan shyqqan Bayyzbek degen kisi, ózining qyzy Gýlsharany Grigoriy Kornilov degen kazakqa qazaq auyldaryna shapqynshylyq jasap tynyshtyq bermey kelgen kazaktarmen bitimge kelui ýshin bergenin» aitady. Lavr tuylghanda, Gýlshara ony Ombygha naghashysynyng qolyna tәrbiyege berse kerek. Sadyqov qolynda búl sózin dәleldeytin qújattar bar ekenin de aitady.

Tarihshylar Kornilovty «Eger ol ayaq astynan qaza qúshpaghanda, Rossiyanyng әskery diktatory bolatyn edi, 1918 jylghy tútas Reseydi sharpyghan azamattyq soghys ta bolmas edi», «Onyng qysqa ghúmyrynda jýrip ótken joly, qarapayym sharua otbasynan shyghyp joghary shenge jetui Napoleon siyaqty» dep baghalaydy. Lavr Kornilov Omby kadet korpusynda, Peterburgtegi artilleriyalyq uchiliyshede óte joghary dengeyde әskery ilim alyp, kishkene kýmis medalmen oquyn ayaqtaydy. Oquyn ayaqtay sala Kornilov ózi súranyp júmysyn Týrkistan Artilleriyalyq brigadasynda bastady. 1898-1904 jyldary Týrkistan okrugining Tashkenttegi әskery shtabynda qyzmet atqardy. Týri aziyalyq bolghany ýshin orys patshalyghy ony Shoqan Ualihanov siyaqty qoldanady. Shyghys tilderin erkin bilgen Lavr Kornilov qúpiya týrde Aughanstan, Indiya, Iran, Shynjang aumaqtaryna jiberiledi. Onyng nәtiyjesinde Týrkistan әskery okruginde, 1903 jyly 426 bettik qúpiya әskery enbek dayyndalghan.

1904-1905 jyldary Japon soghysyna qatysqan Kornilov polkovnik shenine ie bolady. Arada Mәskeudegi shtabta bolghan ol, 1907-1911 jyly Qytayda әskery attashe bolyp tórt jyl qyzmet atqardy. Ol onda qytaydyng kommunisterge qarsy qozghalysyn basqarghan, generalissimus bolashaq Tayvani preziydenti Chan Kayshiymen jaqyn qatynasta bolghan. Ortalyqqa qaytqan Kornilov Varshava әskery okruginde general-mayor shenin alyp, ile-shala qiyrshyghysta Vladivostokta Sibirlik atqyshtar diviziyasyna qolbasshylyq jasaydy. Basqarma ortalyghy Mәskeuden úzaqta, Týrkistan ólkesi men Manichjuriyada 20 jyldan artyq әskery qyzmet atqarghan Kornilovtyng ózi «Europany únatpaytynyn, ózin shyghystyq sanaytynyn» aitqan eken. Jergilikti halyqtardyng tilin erkin bilgeni ýshin Kornilov Kavkaz ben Týrkistannan shyqqannan músylman әskerler arasynda ýlken qúrmetke ie bolghan. 1916 jyly Teke Týrkimenderden qúrylghan «Teke(Tekinskiy) atty әsker» polki Kornilovting әmirine berilgen.

1914-1918 jyldardaghy Birinshi Dýniyejýzilik soghysta Kornilov 48-jayau әsker diviziyasyna basshylyq etip, әskery shenine qaramastan sýngili myltyghyn qolyna alyp qoyan qoltyq úrysqa talay kirgen. Onyng basshylyghyndaghy diviziya erjýrektigi ýshin  «bolattay(stalinoy)» laqabyna ie bolady. 1915 jyly general-mayor shenin alghan Kornilov sol jyly mamyrda tútqyngha týsedi. Bir jyldan astam tútqynda bolghan Kornilov eki retki talpynysynda ústalyp, ýshinshi ret aqyry qashyp shyghady, tútqyndaghy 60qa juyq generaldyng arasynan jalghyz qashyp shyqqan ol, 20 kýn boyy orman arasymen Vengriya, Rumyniyany kesip ótip әskerge qosylady. Búl onyng danqyn aspandatty. Nikolay II Kornilovty qabyldap, 3 dәrejeli Áulie Georgiy ordenin óz qolymen tabystaydy. Ol, Aqpan tónkerisinen keyin Petrograd әskery okrugining bas qolbasshysy bolady.

Aqpan tónkerisinen keyin, uaqytsha ýkimet kelip, dýrbeleng zaman tughanda, әskerler arasynda asa ýlken bedeli bar Kornilovke, 1917 jyly 19 shildede eng joghary shen Resey Respublikasynyng Qaruly Kýshterining Bas qolbasshysy qyzmeti tapsyrylady. Ol eng aldymen,  Birinshi Dýniyejýzilik soghys pen biyliktegi alasapyran saldarynan berekesi qashqan Resey әskerin tәrtipke keltirdi. Kornilov danqynyng asqaqtauy uaqytsha ýkimet basyndaghy kertartpa Kerenskiyge esh únamady.   Tarihta «Kornilovskiy myatej(Kornilov býligi)» nemese «Kornilov ýndeui» retinde qalghan, Kornilovtyng biylikti qatang syngha alyp, «Anarhiyany toqtatu kerek, biylikte, basshylyqta temirdey tәrtip boluy tiyis» degen jiyndaghy sózi jәne onyng ózine adal berilgen ýsh diviziya «jabayy» atty әskermen Bolishevikterdi bir jolata alastatu maqsatymen Petrogradqa sheru tartuy Kerenskiydi alandatty. Kerenskiy biylik basyndaghylargha, Petrograd kenesine Kornilovty býlikshi retinde kórsetip, general Alekseev arqyly Byhov týrmesine(Asyly qyzdar gimnaziyasynyng ghimaraty bolghan) qamatty. Korniylevpen birge oghan qoldau kórsetken Denekin syndy yqpaldy әskery qolbasylar da ústaldy. Búdan song general Alekseev otstavkagha ketip, onyng ornyna kelgen Duhonin Kerenskiyding Kornilovti óltirudi kózdegen «Kornilov jazasyn tartuy kerek, men sol kezde onyng qabirine kelip Resey patriotizmine taghzym etetin bolamyn» degen sózin estiydi. «Resey ózining adal úldaryna búlay jasamauy kerek» dep oilaytyn Duhonin Korniylevke ómirine qauyp tónip túrghanyn eskertip, Donda general Alekseevtin(Kerenskiyding pighylyn bilgennen keyin, ózi súranyp әdeyi Kornilovty tútqyndaydy, maqsaty ony qorghau edi) ony kýtetinin aityp jasyryn hat jiberdi. Qazan tónkerisi qarbalasynda, 20 qarashada Kornilov Teke atty jasaghymen birge Dongha qashty. On kýnnen keyin Novocherkesske kelip «Aqtar qozghalysyn» úiymdastyrdy. 1918 jyldyng aqpan aiynda Kornilov «Aqtardyn» 3000-gha tayau erikti әskerimen Donnan Kubangha qyzyl әskerge qarsy alghashqy, talay kitap pen filimge ózek bolghan «múzdy joryghyn» jasady. Osydan keyin onyng esimi Bolishevikterding zansyz biyligine qarsy aqtar kóterilisining azattyq jalauy boldy. Nauryz aiynda Kornilov jasaghy aq qar, kók múzgha qaramay 500 shaqyrymnan astam jol jýrip Ekaterinodar qalasyna kelip shabuyl jasady. Shayqastyng jetinshi tәuliginde, 31 nauryz, tangha jaqyn Qyzyl әskerding snaryady Kornilov otyrghan shtab basqarmasyna týsip, Lavr Kornilov qaza tapty. Sovet ýkimeti jyghylghannan keyin ghana, 1991 jyly Kuban ózeni jaghalauynda, Ekaterinodarda Kornilovke eskertkish qoyyldy.

Biz, Resey tarihynda ýlken әrippen aty qalghan, әskery oquda nemisshe, fransuzsha, aghylshynsha bilgen, әskery qyzmeti barysynda ýndi, parsy, qytay, úighyr tilderin biluimen qatar Týrkistan halyqtarynyng tilinde erkin sóilegen Kornilovtyng úrpaqtary turaly jurnalisttik zertteu jýrgizip kórdik. Kornilovtyng úly Petr Beligiyada ómir sýrgen. Qyzy Nataliya, general Denekin men Alekseevting adiutanty orystanghan fransuz aqsýiegi Shapron du Larremen túrmys qúrghan. Taghy bir úly Georgiy derek boyynsha AQSh-ta, Michigan shtatynda ómir sýrgen. Búdan syrt onyng birneshe balasy bolghan. Olar turaly tolyq mәlimet joq. Bir anyghy, qyzyldar jeniske jetken song Kornilovtyng úrpaqtary qudalaugha týsken.

Almaty qalasynda, Gamilya Kaskeeva esimdi zeynetker túrady. 65 jastaghy Gamilya Muzdabayqyzynyng aituyna qaraghanda, onyng әkesi Muzdabay Kornilovtyng 1905 jyly tughan, kenje úly kórinedi. Jasynan jetimder ýiine berilip belgisiz sebeptermen aty ózgertilse kerek. Gamilya atasy turaly: «Lavr Kornilov orta boyly kisi bolghan. Mening әkem de sonday edi. Alayda, óz әkesi, tegi turaly aitugha qorqatyn. Biraq, Kolchak pen Lavr Kornilovtyng dos bolghany turaly aitatyn.(Tarihy derekte búl turaly mәlimet kezikpeydi. –avtor). Úmytpa, mening sheshemning aty Mariyam, ol qazaq qyzy degen edi. 1968 jyly qaytys bolghan Múzdabaydyng aty qújatqa múrny púshyqtau bolghan song Pshukov dep jazylghan, keyin orystar qatelesip Shukov dep jazyp jibergen. Búl Múzdabaydyng ómirin saqtap qalsa kerek», - deydi. Gamilya Muzdabayqyzynda әkesi men atasy turaly dәleldi kóp derek joq eken. Tek surettegi nemeresinen qolbasy Lavrdyng beynesin kóruge bolatynday.

Biz búl maqalany orys qolbasy, infanteriya Generaly Lavr Kornilovtyng erligin jyrlau ýshin, nemese orys armiyasyn úlyqtau ýshin jazbadyq. Patsha zamanynda orysqa jaqyn jýrgenning bәrin «shoqynghan» atandyryp jibergen ashyq auyz qazaqtyng bir jiyeni retinde, onyng naqty naghashy tegi kim bolghanyn bilgimiz keldi. Sonday-aq, Reseyding tútas armiyasynyng qolbasshylyghyna deyin jetken Kornilovtyng Euraziya dalasynda júmys atqarmaghan eli sanauly ghana eken. Qazaqstannyng tórt tarabyndaghy elderding bәrin de qyzmet etken Kornilovtyng qazaq dalasyndaghy sayasy istermen esimining esh baylanyspauy qalay? Basyna is týsken shaghynda Kornilovtyng týrik tekti atty әskerden qorghanysh tabuy, Petrogradqa baghyttaghan ýsh diviziya atty әskerining «jabayy» taypalardan qúralghany neni anghartady? Ghasyr aunap bara jatqan Birinshi Dýniyejýzilik soghys kezindegi Qazaqstan sayasy ómirining biz bilmeytin qansha qúpiyasy bar? Osynday súraqtargha bir ilik izdep kórdik. Ashylmaghan aqiqattar men tanylmaghan túlghalardyng shynayy shyndyghy jel ashyp ketken qúm astyndaghy sarayday jarqyrap shyghar bir kýni ...

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