jazushy Kәribay Ahmetbekov aramyzdan ketkeli 10 jyl

Belgili jazushy Kәribay Ahmetbekov ómirden ótkeli on jyl boldy. Osy uaqyt ishinde onyng shygharmalarynyng negizgileri tórt tomgha jinaqtalyp basylyp, oqyrman qolyna tiydi. Birinshi tomyna – «Qasiret», ekinshi tomyna – «Aqdala» romandary, «Egiz qala», «Syy oramal» atty ýshinshi jәne tórtinshi tomdaryna hikayattary men әngimeleri engen. Dara daryndy, qalamy qarymdy qalamgerding shygharmashylyghy jayyndaghy maqalalar men qalamdastarynyn, tuystarynyn, dostarynyng ayauly azamat, kórnekti jazushy haqyndaghy estelikterinen qúrastyryp, Orynkýl Ahmetbekkelini «Kәdiri bólek Kәraghan. Kәribay Ahmetbekov turaly» atty jinaq shyghardy. Qalamgerding ekinshi ruhany ghúmyryndaghy osynau manyzdy oqighalar haqynda baspasózde pikirler aitylyp, jazushynyng beynesi men tuyndylary oqyrman sanasynda janghyrtylyp jýr. Tughanyna jetpis jyl toluy onyng ózinsiz ataldy. Endi mine, aramyzdan ketkenine de on jylgha ainalyp barady. Osyghan oray biz, Kәrekenning oqyrmandary, ony, onyng shygharmashylyq qyzmetin taghy bir eske alyp otyrmyz.

Kәribay Ahmetbekov ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghys qarsanynda dýniyege keldi. Aghalary qan maydangha, әkesi enbek maydanyna attanyp, әpkesi men analary tyl maydanynda belderin jazbay júmys istegen kezderde qos sәby –tete aghasy ekeui úzaqty kýn talay «ýy qamaghyn» bastan keshken. Sosyn әkesi әldebir qiyrda sýimenmen tas búzyp, ken qazyp, soghys múqtajyn qamtamasyz etken auyr enbek maydanynan keldi. Shayqas dalalarynan bir aghasy qaytpady, bir aghasy sonau sovet-fin soghysynyn, odan sovet-german soghysynyng qandy maydandaryn keship, fashisterdi jengennen keyin bir-aq oraldy. Sodan song es bilu, eseng, mektep bitirip, qoyshy tayaghyn ústau, odan joghary bilim alyp, enbekke aralasu kezenderi sabaqtasa jalghasyp jatty.

Sanaly ghúmyryn Kәribay Ahmetbekúly qazirgi agha úrpaqpen birge, býginde totalitarlyq dәuir dep atalatyn qasang kezende ótkizdi. Yaghny Kәrekeng de, sol kezding ilanymymen aitqanda, kommunistik qogham qúryp jatqan zamanda ómir sýrdi, tiyisinshe, jarqyn bolashaq ornatu jolynda el qatarly adal enbek etti. Qalamynyng qayratymen sol joldaghy kemshilikterden arylugha ýndedi. Halyq sharuashylyghyndaghy búrmalaulardy, tabighattyng búzyluyna apara jatqan qighashtyqtardy dәl ajyratyp, dabyl qaqty. Qay mәseleni bolmasyn әr kez tereng zerttep, syndarly kósemsóz tilimen júrtshylyq nazaryna úsyndy. Sóitip, el men jerge tónip kele jatqan jahandyq problemanyng ong sheshimin tabuyna atsalysudy kózdedi. Áleumettik-túrmystyq tynys-tirshilikke kórkem zertteu jýrgizdi, ómir týitkilderining astaryn ashty. Kelisimsiz ózgeriske úshyrap bara jatqan ruhany dýniyege, onyng basty tini til mәselesine ýnilip, sebep-saldaryn izdedi. Búlar jóninde totalitarlyq dәuirding sonau siresip túrghan kezenining ózinde baspasózde ashyna mәsele kóterdi. Soghan baylanysty aldyna tartylghan qoghamdyq-sayasy ómir shyndyghy oghan barsha júrt jabylyp ornatyp jatqan kommunistik qogham túsyndaghy biyleushilerding múnday sharualarmen shúghyldanugha mýddeli emes ekenin kórsetti...

Týptep kelgende, adamzattyng baqyt turaly úghymyna tolyq jauap bere alatyn kommunistik qogham haqynda jazushylar on toghyzynshy ghasyrda-aq qiyalday bastaghany mәlim. Mәselen, romandaryn shúlyq toqyghanday jenildikpen jazghan Avrora Dudevan (Jorj Sand) kommunizmdi armandady, ómir qataldyqtarynan ótip, ólmes tuyndylar bergen Djek London sonday arman jetegimen sosialistik partiya qatarynda bolyp kórdi. Alayda olardyng zamanynda kommunizm qiyaldaghy ghana qogham bolatyn. Ony ornatudyng naqty qadamy bizding el de qúramynda bolghan imperiyada jiyrmasynshy ghasyrda jasaldy. Biraq búl qatal, qatygez, qasireti mol, bastapqy maqsatynan búrmalanghan qandy tәjiriybe týrinde kórinis tapty. Múny shygharmashylyq týisigimen tanyp-bilip jýrgen jazushy Kәribay Ahmetbekov demokratiyanyng alghashqy lebi ese bastaghannan-aq jana túrpatta kestelenetin kólemdi kórkem polotno jasaugha otyrdy. Biyleushi partiya әueli jariyalylyq sayasatyn jariya etip, artynsha qayta qúru sayasatyn kótergen úrandarymen elimizde demokratiyalyq janarulargha jol ashqany mәlim. Osy shaqty Kәrekeng «Qasiret» romanyn jazugha batyl paydalanghan edi. Onyng atalmysh shygharmasy sol kezende, biyliktegi partiyanyng qayta qúru sayasaty jýzege asyryla bastaghan jyldary jazylyp, respublikamyz memlekettik tәuelsizdigin jariyalaghangha deyin-aq jaryq kórgen bolatyn.

Búl kommunistik qogham qúru úranymen adam qúqtaryn ayaqasty etken solaqay bastyqtar men belsendilerding kelensiz de súrqiya is-әreketteri saldarynan halyq tartqan qiyn-qystau auyr tirshilikti, zobalang jyldary bastan keshken qayghy-qasiretti jәne bertingi, toqyrau dep tanbalanghan kezendegi ómir kórinisterin arqau etken kýrdeli tuyndy edi. Onda qazirgi zamanghy tynys-tirshilikting bel ortasynda jýrgen, auyldan shyghyp, qalagha kelgen, biraq tuyp-ósken topyraghynan qol ýzbegen bas keyipkerlerining ómir joldaryn, sonday-aq olardyng ata-analarynyng keshken ghúmyryn sheginister jasap suretteu arqyly kenestik sayasat jabyq taqyrypqa ainaldyrghan belester aqiqaty ashylady. Áygili Otyz ekinshi jylghy asharshylyq pen Otyz jetinshi jylghy jazyqsyz jazalaulardyng adam taghdyryn qalay oiynshyq etkeni әngime bolady. El basynan keshken zaualdy kezender men onyng sonyn ala kelgen soghys kezindegi tirshilik ashy shyndyghymen beynelenedi. Jazyqsyz halyq jauy atanghan, sol qauipti ataqtyng jamaluy saldarynan tipti jer qoynyna jaqyndaryn da jasyryn beruge mәjbýr etken ahualdan ótken, sonday-aq dýley asharshylyq apatynan әzer aman qalghan keyipkerlerding taqsiretti taghdyrlary oqyrman aldyna býkpesiz tartylady. Roman jana zamanda jasalghan iri kólemdegi tonaushylyqty – týn jamylyp kelgen birneshe alyp jýk mashinasynyng jaylaudaghy shopan kiyiz ýiin jandarymen qosa auyr dóngelekterimen tapap ótip, otardaghy kýlli maldy tiyep әketuin jýzege asyrghan qandy qylmys suretimen ayaqtalady. Búl qúddy týbegeyli jana ózgeris aldyndaghy qoghamda kishkentay adamdargha tónip kele jatqan zaual úsqynyn beyneleytin, aldaghy qater haqynda barlyghymyzgha jasalghan eskertpe ispetti suret. Odan arghy oqighalardyng qalay órbigenin romannyng kelesi kitaptarynan oqysaq degen yntyzarlyq oyanady...

Osynau taqyryby óte auqymdy «Qasiret» romanynyng qúrylymy qarapayym da kýrdeli. Romandy qúraghan bes tarau (avtor qoldanysynda – bayandar) telegey tenizge qúyatyn kóptegen ózenderding bir parasy ghana sekildenedi. Aydyn shalqargha qaray aqqan kóp sudyng basqalary tәrizdi ózge de taraular – tuyndy bederin aiqynday týsetin jana bayandar – romannyng kezekti kitaptaryn qúraytynyna shәk keltirmeysiz. Jalpy, shygharmada qoldanylghan әdeby tәsil – qazirgi zaman men artta qalghan qayghyly kezenderdi sabaqtastyra otyryp suretteudin, sonday-aq oqighanyng malshy auylyna jasalghan qaraqshylyqpen tamamdaluynyng ózi tuyndynyng jalghasy bar ekenine menzeydi. Biraq avtor romannyng ózge bólimderin jazyp ýlgermedi. Áuelde, ynghayy, azdap tynys alyp, shapshang ózgerip jatqan qoghamdyq qúrylystyng damu barysyn, yqtimal keyipkerlerining sonday ahual túsyndaghy is-әreketining aujayyn zerdeley týsudi múrat etse kerek. Olay deytinimiz, roman jaryq kórgennen keyin ornaghan memlekettik tәuelsizdikting alghashqy jyldarynda ol eki tomdyq maqaldar jinaghyn dayyndaumen shúghyldandy. Olardy jinaqtau, súryptau, janasha jýieleu, saraptau, sóz joq, kóp kýsh-jiger júmsaudy talap etti jәne, әriyne, talay uaqytyn aldy. Al sodan keyin oida joqta úshyrasqan jeke basynyng tragediyasy (onyng erjetip, jauapty qyzmet atqara bastaghan ýlken úly jol apatynan qaza tapqan edi) shygharmashylyq josparlaryn eriksiz keyinge ysyrdy... Osynday sebepterge baylanysty shyghar, «Qasiret» romanyn qúraghan bayandardyng odan әri qalay týziletini, oily zamandasymyzdyng kýndelikti tynys-tirshiligi kórinisterinen bastalyp ómirding qasiretti qyrtystaryna terendegen, odan taghy da jana zamannan syr shertken osynau taram-taram suretterding tuyndynyng basqa kitaptarynda qalay bederlenip, jalghasyn tabatyny belgisiz bop qaldy. Tipti búlar jayyndaghy jospar da jazbasha jasalmaghan kýii, tek oida bolghan siyaqty. Degenmen qolgha tiygen osy qomaqty shygharma qozghaghan әleumettik-ekonomikalyq, sharuashylyq, túrmystyq, últtyq, týrli renkti ahlaqy mәseleler romandaghy útymdy, tolymdy jasalghan beyneler arqyly oqyrmanyn tolghandyryp, kim-kimge de ýlken oy salady.

Qogham mýddesin terennen qozghau ýlgisin jazushy Kәribay Ahmetbekúly sovet zamanynda-aq ózining qala men auyl adamdarynyng qily tynys-tirshiliginen jazghan әngime-povesterinde, әsirese 70-shi jyldary «Aqdala», «Alqakól» atty eki kitap bolyp jaryq kórgen roman-dilogiyasynda kórsetken bolatyn. Dilogiya uaqytynda jaqsy baghalandy. Eki bólimdi «Aqdala» romany bolyp qayta basyldy. Orysshagha audarylyp jariyalandy. Tuyndynyng kórkemdik izdenisterine әdebiyettanushylar tarapynan jiti nazar audarylyp, kәsiby túrghyda taldandy. Avtordyng basshy qyzmette jýrgen kommunist beynesin jasaudaghy shygharmashylyq jetistigi Sovet Odaghynyng bas qoghamdyq-sayasy jәne әdeby gazetterinde atap aityldy, madaqtaldy. Romannyng bas keyipkeri bop tabylatyn audandyq partiya komiytetining birinshi hatshysy beynesi sәtti somdalghanyna sýisinispen kónil bólindi. Ol naghyz el qamyn oilaghan, jas ta bolsa kemel oy týie alatyn, әdil de adal, jigerli basshy týrinde beynelendi. Ol enbekshilerge әrdayym qamqorlyq jasap jýredi. Audannyng ekonomikasyn kóterudi úiymdastyru júmysynda ózin bayypty da bilgir basshy retinde kórsetedi. Jalang kórsetkishter quudy quattamaydy, adal enbek iyesin qoldaydy. Jer baylyghyn ysyrap etpey, parasatpen paydalanu jaghynda. Auyl sharuashylyghyn ghylymy negizge sýienip basqarudy múrat etedi, soghan qol jetkizuge tyrysady. Audan problemalaryn kýlli el auqymynda jasalyp jatqan is-әrekettermen baylanysta qaraydy. Naqty sharuashylyqtyng otyna kýiip, suyghyna tonyp jýrgen jerlesterinen, eldin, jer-sudyn, maldyng jay-kýiin jaqsy biletin tәjiriybeli shopandardan ózi de sharuashylyq basqarugha qajet kóp nәrse ýirenedi. Kәrekeng kórkem beynesin jasaghan audan basshysy osynday adam. Osy zamanauy qayratkerding ainalasynda romannyng sujeti de órbiydi.

Keshegi sosialistik dep atalatyn dәuirdi tәrk etken qazirgi zamanda sosializmning jetekshi kýshi bolghan partiya úiymdaryna da, olardyng basshylaryna da, tipti kommunist ataulygha da nemqúraydy qarau ýirenshikti jәitke ainaldy. Talaylar olardan ashyq jerkenetin boldy. Alayda, esti eresek úrpaqtyng basym kópshiligi biledi, uaqytynda elimizde «zamanymyzdyng aqyl-oyy, ar-ojdany» atalghan biyleushi sayasy úiymgha degen kózqaras mýldem basqasha edi. Zamanyna qaray amaly shyghar, degenmen myna aqiqatqa mәn bergen jón: qalayyq, qalamayyq, ótken ghasyrdaghy el ómiri negizinen solardyng jetekshiligimen ótti. Jetpis-seksen jyl boyghy kýlli tynys-tirshilik, sana-sezim órisinde solar qatyspaghan qaltarys joqtyng qasy. Óitkeni olar, «ertegini shyndyqqa ainaldyru» ýshin jandaryn salghan revolusiyashyl agha úrpaqtyng jalghasy ekendikterin maqtan tútatyn kommunister, jalpaq elding barsha tirshilik kózin, damu barysyn, aghu arnasyn qoldarynda ústap túrghan. «Aqdala» romanynyng bas qaharmany da sonday jandar qatarynan ekeni dau tughyzbaydy. Ol mal sharuashylyghy aimaghyndaghy audandyq partiya komiytetining basshysy retinde, sol kezde tek bizding el ghana emes, barsha sosialistik lageri pir tútqan kósem aitqanday, búqaranyng kónil-kýiin, onyng shynayy mýútajdyqtaryn, oi-jýielerining kókjiyekterin kez kelgen sәtte, kez kelgen mәsele boyynsha aiqynday biletin, joldastyq qarym-qatynas tanytuy arqyly olardyng ózine senim artularyna qol jetkizgen qayratker bop shyndalghan. Jәne búl oidan shygharylghan obraz emes-tin, sonau toqyrau tanbasy basylghan qasang zamanda el qamyn jeytin onday qayratkerler shynymen de bolghan. Avtor romanynda ózi ómirde kezdestirgen, enbek jolyn qadaghalap zerttegen sonday azamattardyng jiyntyq beynesin jasaghan edi.

Elimizdegi, әriden alghanda, patsha imperiyasyndaghy jeke menshik nysandarynyng rynok qatynasyna negizdelgen óndiristik damuynyng ayaghyn aspannan keltirip, týrin ózgertken, búrynghy barsha iygilikti qoghamdyq menshikke alyp, jalpaq eldi birtútas halyq sharuashylyghy alanyna ainaldyrghan, әleumettik tendik qúrugha úmtylghan, әrkimnen qabiletine say alyp, kim-kimge de qajetine say berudi úran etken, qysqasy, taptyq aiyrmashylyqty joyyp, tengermeshilik sipatty dәriptegen, kim-kimge de oqu men enbek etude birdey óriske shygha aluyn mýmkin etken, әlemde búryn-sondy bolyp kórmegen orasan zor eksperiymentti solar jasaghan bolatyn. Sonau úlan-ghayyr alyp tәjiriybening oidaghyday, jaqsy nәtiyjesin kórgisi kelgender jәne sol jolda jan ayamay enbek etkender birinshi kezekte kommunistik iydeyanyng artyqshylyqtaryna sengen adal azamattar edi. Kәrekenning «Aqdalasynyn» eng únamdy qaharmany, sýisine suretteytin bas keyipkeri sol qatardan bolatyn. Kommunist-basshy. Mal sharuashylyghymen shúghyldanatyn audannyng qazirgi jaghdayy men bolashaghyn, auyl adamdarynyng tynys-tirshiligin, túrmysyn qamqor kónilmen, jany auyra oilaytyn jan. Shyn mәnindegi el aghasy.

Búdan avtor kommunisterdi iydealdandyrdy dep úghu qateleskendik bolar edik, óitkeni qaltasyna partiya biyletin salyp jýrip-aq týrli kelensiz ister jasay beretin kommunister de onyng kórkem zertteuinen tys qalmaghan. Kommunister arasynda jogharygha jalghan aqpar beretin, belgili bir maqsatpen mal basyn, tól sanyn qosyp jazatyn, qaytkende kózge týsu jolynda kózboyaushylyqqa salynatyn basshy jetip artylatyn. Shygharmadan kórsetkishterdi asyryp kórsetuge mashyqtanyp, danghaza saltanatqa qúmarlyq kórsetetin kommunist basshylar beynesin de, sonday jәdigóilikterge qarsy shyghamyn dep, jaza alyp jýrgen, qyzmeti tómendegen kommunist basshylar beynesin de kóresiz. Kommunistik iydeologiya ýstem zamanda naghyz azamattyq qasiyetimen baurap alatyn auparkomnyng birinshi hatshysy Kәrekenning somdauynda kýndelikti kýiben, sharuashylyqtaghy qat-qabat mәselelerge maltyghyp qalmay, parasattylyghyn tanyta biletin, el-júrtynyng taghdyry tolghandyrghan, jer-su tepe-tendigin oisyz tirlikterimen búzyp, ekologiyalyq zardaptargha úryndyrghan ahualdy, topyraghy eroziyagha úshyraghan tughan jerdi kórip qinalghan, aldyn, bolashaghyn oilaytyn basshy bop shyqqan. Sol qasiyetterimen, tarih qoynauyna ketken totalitarlyq kezendegi shynayy ómir suretteri ortasyndaghy jandy beynesimen bizding de zamandasymyz siyaqty әser beredi.

Tek atalghan keng tynysty romandarynda ghana emes, barsha ózge hikayattary men әngimelerinde de Kәribay Ahmetbekúly jiyrmasynshy ghasyrdaghy tynys-tirshilik shyndyqtaryn ómirding ózinen oiyp alghan da, shúrayly tilmen kestelep, boyauy týrli týsti úmytylmas kórinister ortasyndaghy qily minezdi adamdardyng kórkem әlemin jasaghan. Býginde toqyrau dep baghalanghan, kommunistik qasandyqtyng últ mýddesine tiygizgen zalalyn auyzgha alugha bolmaytyn zamanda Kәrekeng oqyrmangha «Kókbóri» hikayatymen astarly syr shertti. Alys batys maydandarynda shayqasyp, fashizmdi jenip oralghan agha úrpaq ómiri jayynda «Jenis sarbazy», beybit ómir ornaghannan keyin qazaq jastarynyng el astanasyna kelip, ýy almaq týgil, tirkeuge túruy múng bolghan zamanda ýisiz-kýisiz bastan keshken qiyndyqtary jóninde «Qatardaghy adam», maldy auyl tirshiligining qyzyq-shyjyghy jóninde «Kók jasyl gaziyk» hikayattary, taghy da basqa hikayattary men әngimeleri oqyrman aldyna aluan minez-qúlyqty keyipkerleri bar qaytalanbas kórkem әlem suretterin tartady.

Jalpy, Kәribay Ahmetbekúly qalamynan tughan tuyndylar sovet zamanyndaghy ómirimizding shynayy kelbetin bederleuimen, býgingi kýni de mәnin joymaghan zamanalyq problemalardy kóteruimen, kenestik ómir saltyna baylanysty ózgeriske úshyraghan adam psihologiyasyn kórsetuimen, qysqasy, tariyhqa ainalghan kezenning sayasi, ekonomikalyq, әleumettik, túrmystyq portretin kesteleuimen qúndy. Onyng bizge qaldyrghan kórkem әlemin óz dәrejesinde tanudy biz әzirge jýzege asyra almay otyrmyz. Búl, shamasy, ghylymiy-zertteu mekemelerinin, synshylardyn, maman әdebiyetshilerding aldaghy uaqyttarda jýieli týrde atqarulary tiyis júmystarynyng bir parasy.

Beybit QOYShYBAEV

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