KENESARY HANNYNG EL BASQARU TÁSILI
Qazaq handarynyng biylik qúrghan dәuiri qazaq elining tarihy ómirinde onyng mýddesining qorghaluynda, memleketting órkendeu jolynda tarihy manyzy bar dýniye. Olar qazaqtyng iydeyasy men mәdeniyetining qalyptasuyn qamtamasyz etip, saqtap otyrdy. Qazaqtyng eng songhy hany Kenesarynyng biyligi osy bir dәstýrli qazaq qoghamynyng órisinde qazaq handarynyng biyligin qalpyna keltiru ýshin tarihta oryn alghan. Kenesary han iydeyasynyng negizi Abylay men onyng balasy Qasym hannyng tarihy qyzmetterinde jatyr. Kenesarynyng әkesi Qasym han balalarymen últ azattyghy ýshin kýreskendigi tarihtan belgili, ol kýresting basynda el tәuelsizdigin qaytarugha, el mýddesin saqtap qalugha baghyttalghan qazaq túlghasynyng iydeyasy jatyr.
Qazaq handary biylik qúrghan qazaq qoghamynyng sayasy ómirin, onyng mәdeny órisin, ekonomikalyq damu baghytyn zertteude, aldymen memleket biyligin jýzege asyryp otyrghan handar men batyrlardyng sayasy ústanymyn, kózqarastaryn zerdeleu qajet. Naqty tarihy derekterge sýiensek qazaq túlghalary qúrghan handyq biylikting memleketting syrtqy sayasatyn jýzege asyrudaghy negizgi prinsipteri qazaq jerlerin saqtau, memleketting ómirin jaqsartu, túraqtylyghyn qamtamasyz etu jәne kórshiles eldermen sayasy qarym qatynasty bolu mәselelerin qamtidy. Búl qazaq handarynyng dәuirindegi memleket sayasatynyng negizgi baghyty. Qazaqtyng eng songhy hany Kenesary han biyligi osy baghytta qolgha alyndy, el men jerge qatysty mәselelerding jýzege asuy últ mýddesine negizdeldi. Kenesary han bastaghan últ azattyq qozghalystyng tarihyn zertteushi qazaq ghalymy E. Bekmahanov óz zertteulerinde onyng oryn alu sebebin kórsetip ketken: Qoqan hanymen tynymsyz kýres jýrgize otyryp, Kenesary olardyng shengelindegi qazaq jerlerin ózderine qaytarudy maqsat etti. Orynbor Shekara Komissiyasynyng tóraghasy osyghan baylanysty Aziyalyq Departamentke bylay dep jazdy: «Ózining (Kenesarynyng – E. B.) Qoqan jerlerin basyp alugha tyrysuynyng týpki maqsaty – sol jerdi keyin qazaqtargha bólip beru»
Kenesary qazaqtargha salyq salugha da ýzildi-kesildi qarsy shyqty. Nikolay I – ge jazghan hatynda ol: «Bizding halyqtan zattay tólem jinay bastady jәne olargha jan-jaqtan qysym kórsetip, shettetip jatyr», búl «bizding halyq ýshin ýlken qasiret» - dep mәlimdedi. General Gorchakovka joldaghan basqa bir hatynda ol bylay dep jazdy: «Qazaq halqyna baj salyghyn salynyzdar, demek, búl bizge qysym jasaghandarynyz... alym - salyq tólep sizderding qol astarynyzda túru, tipten mýmkin emes.
Kenesary «qazaqtardyng ejelgi tәuelsizdigin qalpyna keltiremiz, yaghny tәuelsiz Qazaq memleketin qúramyz degen úranmen kýres jýrgizdi [1. 186 b]. Qazaq handary basqarghan qazaq qoghamyndaghy últtyq iydeya elding mýddesine tegistey qyzmet etip otyrghan, túlghalarymyzdyng memleketti basqarudaghy jәne onyng mýddesine qyzmet etu jolyndaghy tәjiriybeleri memleket biyligin dәstýrli mәdeniyetin jәne tarihy qyzmetining saqtaluyn tolyqtay qamtamasyz etip otyrghan.
Memleketting negizgi baylyghy jer, jer baylyghynyng negizinde qoghamnyng damuyn qazaq batyrlary tereng bilgen, sonyng saldarynan jerdi azat etu, últtyng ózgede qúndylyqtaryn saqtau maqsatynda qarqyndy kýresi oryn alghandyghyn olardyng tarihynan tereng úghynamyz. Osy túrghydan payymdaytyn bolsaq, handarymyzdyng biyligi sonau týrkilerding memleket biyligin jýzege asyrudaghy eldigimen úqsas, tipti jerdi azat etu jolyndaghy iydeyalary bir birimen sabaqtas. Onyng qasiyeti el topyraghyndaghy batyrlyqtyng tarihy qalyptasu sebepteri negizinde terendeydi.
Túlghany qalyptastyratyn tarihy uaqyt, túlgha sayasatty qalyptastyrsa da, sayasat túlghany jasay almaydy, túlgha beynesin qalyptastyratyn túlghanyng qasiyeti, ony saqtaytyn túlghanyng ruhy, túlghanyng ruhy tarihta nemese qoghamnyng jana bir tarihy kezeninde de ómir sýrui ýshin tektilik qajet, jogharyda aityp ótkenimizdey tektilik adam bolmysynyng órisindegi qúndylyqtardy biriktirip otyratyn qasiyet bolsa, tektilikting qadir qasiyetin baghalau ýshin el tarihyndaghy ziyalylar ruhy men is әreketining tәjiriybeleri úrpaqqa tegistey jetip otyruy qajet. Kenesary zamanynda jәne alash ziyalylarynyng uaqytynda da olardyng memleket mýddesining taghdyry ýshin kýresuine últtyq iydeyanyng yqpalyn anyq bayqaymyz.
Kóne dәuirden beri memleket biyligin dúrys jýzege asyruda, memleket tәuelsizdigin saqtaudyng strategiyalyq baghdarlamasyn qalyptastyryp zandy týrde jýzege asyru ýshin ziyalylar memleket tarihyn jazudy qolgha alghan. Sebebi memleket biyligi sol memleketting tarihy tәjiriybeleri negizinde ghana ómir sýrgen, memleket biylikti dúrys óz jolymen jýzege asyruda memleket túlghasy tarihy túrghyda oilay bilui qajet. Tarihy túrghyda oilau qazaq handary men batyrlarynyng qalyptasu jolynan mәlim bolyp otyrghanday, olardyng tanymynda bala kezinen aq oryn ala bastaghan. El ishinen eldi qorghap, onyng mýddesine adal qyzmet etetin qazaq batyrlarynyng shyghuyna tarihy ómirding bolmysyn somdaghan qazaq danalarynyng ruhaniyaty jetekshi bolyp otyrghan. E.Bekmahanov jazyp ketkendey, «Halyq anyzdary men qissalarynda jyrlanghan atasynyng obrazy Kenesarygha bala kezinen sýiikti bolghan deu kerek. Ol Abylaydy maqtan tútatyn jәne ózining әrqashan onyng isin jalghastyrushy jәne onyng qúqyqtarynyng zandy múrageri ekendigin atap aityp otyratyn. Mine, sondyqtan Kenesarynyng patsha ókimeti oryndaryna jazghan hattarynda jәne qazaqtyng әr týrli rularyna arnaghan ýndeulerinde Abylay esimi jii atalatynyn kóremiz... Ózining ýndeulerinde ol «Abylay túsynda qazaqtar erkin jәne beybit ómir sýrgendigin» eske salyp otyrady. Abylay esimi Kenesary әskerining jaugha shapqandaghy úrany boldy» [1. 213 b.].
Kenesary hannyng el basqarghan tәjiriybesinen úghynyp otyrghanymyzday, biylik bir adamnyng emes últ túlghalarynyng tarihy ómir talaby arqyly daralanghan ruhany qyzmetterining negizinde jýzege asyp otyrghan. Memleket túlghasy ózining el mýddesin qamtamasyz etuge baghyttalghan iydeyalaryn jýzege asyruy ýshin, onyng iydeyasy tarihy ómir kenistiginde naqty praktikalyq dengeyde ómir sýrui qajet, yaghny memleket biyligining tәjiriybesi ziyalylar tәjiriybesining negizinde qalyptasyp, jýzege asyp otyrady. Osy túrghydan qaraytyn bolsaq, Kenesary han bastaghan últ azattyq qozghalysqa týgeldey qazaq eldining qatysuy onyng iydeyasynyng aqiqattylyghynda:
Kene hannyng túsynda
Qart buraday jaradyq.
Jaudy jasqap, japyryp,
Jaugha qarday boradyq.
«Abylaylap» at qoyyp,
Dúspannyng aldyn oradyq.
Kene han jazym bolghan son,
Shil boghynday taradyq.
Kóringennen qorghalap,
Kisi auzyna qaradyq!
Ózimiz shapqan Sozaqta
Sarttan aqyl súradyq [2. 62 b.]. Qazaqtyng eng songhy hany Kenesary men onyng batyrlarynyng ruhy osylaysha qazaq ruhaniyatynyng órisinde saqtalyp, úrpaq ómirine taratylyp otyratyn últtyq iydeyamyzdyng ózegine ainalyp saqtalyp qaldy.
Kenesary han biyliginde qazaq batyrlary men biylerinin, qazaq baylarynyng qyzmeti manyzdy bolghan. Ol óz biyligin el mýddesin qaytaru maqsatynda jýzege asyryp, meleketti nyghaytu ýshin biylerding institutyn, sauda qatynastaryn jәne memleketting әskery kýshin nyghaytugha asa mәn bergen.
Memleket qalpyn saqtaudaghy eng basty mәsele el birligin nyghaytu, qoghamda әdilettilik ornatu, ziyalylar qyzmetining halyq seniminen shyghuy. Búlar ómir tәjiriybesi negizinde jýzege asady, ol jýzege asu ýshin naqty iydeya men bilim qajet. Osy maqsatta Kenesary han memleket qyzmetining negizgi baghyttaryn saqtap otyrghan.
El birligining joyyluy, qoghamdyq ydyraugha әkeledi, al qazaq qoghamyn ydyratu patsha ókimetining tarapynan qolgha alynghan otarshyldyq sayasatty jýzege asyrudyng basty amaly. Búnday jaghdayda el birligi qalpyna kelu ýshin handyq memleket boluy qajet, sebebi elding túrmys órisi tarylghan sayyn, yaghny qazaq jerlerining reseyding qolastyna ketui qogham ómirinde ishki qayshylyqtardy tughyzdy. Osynyng saldarynan elde ru aralyq arazdyq oryn ala bastaghan. E.Bekmahanov jazghanday, «Qazaqtardy biriktiretin memlekettik birynghay ortalyqsyz quatty Resey patsha ókimetine jәne Orta Aziya handyqtaryna qarsy oidaghyday kýresuge bolmaytynyn Kenesary týsingen. Qazaqtardyng týbine jetetin olardyng bytyranqylyghy, aralaryndaghy ru arazdyghy...» [1. 283 b.]. Kenesary han biyligining tarihy mәnine osy túrghydan qaraytyn bolsaq, onyng qogham bolmysynyng ydyrau sebepterin dәl týiindep, naqty sheshimin taba bilgen memleket basshysy ekendigine kóz jetkizemiz. Osyghan baylanysty E.Bekmahanov óz zertteulerinde Kenesary hannyng patsha biyligining ókilderine jazghan hattaryndaghy sózderdi de keltiredi: «Horunjiy Janbyrshin Balghojagha jazghan hatynda Kenesary ortalyqtandyrylghan memleket turaly óz oiyn ashyq aitady:
Oida Qoqan, qyrda orys,
Hakim boldy qalasy.
Kimnen tayaq jegendey,
Bizding qazaq balasy,
Aldyryp jýrgen dúshpangha
Ózdi ózining alasy [1, 283 b.]. Kenesary han iydeyasy qazaq iydeyasy, handarymyzdyng tarihy, biylerding danalyghy, jyraularymyzdyng ruhaniyaty negizinde memleket birligin qamtamasyz etuge kónil bólgen onyng biyligi tarihta osy últtyq iydeyany jýzege asyrudyng manyzdylyghyn dәleldep ketti. Syrtqy sayasy kýshterding yqpalyna tәuelsiz biylik qúru jәne oghan qarsy әreket etude sauattylyq tanytu Kenesary han qúrghan biylikting bastapqy kezding ózinde aq quatty bolghandyghyn aighaqtaydy. Ondaghy biylik týrleri hannyng jәne batyrlar men biylerdin, iri baylardyng qolynda boldy.
Naghyz memleket әdeptilik ómir sýrgen qogham, búnday qoghamda memleket biyligi túlghalardyng qolynda bolady jәne ziyalylardyng jauapkershiligi men qyzmetinen últ mýddesi joghary túrady, últ mýddesine adal qyzmet ete bilmegen adam memleket biyligine aralasuy shekteledi, memleket tarapynan zangha tartylady. Kenesary han biyligining ruhy eng aldymen memleket basynda iri túlghalarydyng túruynda, yaghny hannyng eng jaqyn әri senimdi adamdary memleket biyligin jýzege asyrdy. Olar batyrlar, biyler jәne orta toptaghy qazaq baylary. Memleket biyligining sapaly әri nәtiyjeli jýzege asuyn qamtamasyz etu maqsatynda han kenesi qúrylghan, kenesti Kenesary hannyng ózi basqarghan, ol keneste negizinen memleketting strategiyalyq jospary talqylanghan: «Qazaq memleketining basynda Kenesarynyng ózi túrdy. Onyng janynda eng jaqyn serikterinen; batyrlar, biyler jәne hannyng keybir tuystarynan qúrylghan Kenes júmys istedi. Han Kenesi – kenesushi organ ghana boldy; biylikti hannyng ózi ghana aitatyn» [1. 285 b.].
Memleketting biyligi, onyng ústanatyn sayasaty, damu baghdarlamasy jýzege asyp otyruy ýshin mindetti týrde ziyalylar kenesi qajet. Kenesary basqarghan han kenesining qúramyna el mýddesine adal qyzmet etetin adamdar ghana kirgen. Kenes qúramyndaghy adamdargha qoyylghan talap jauyngerlik, aqyldy bolu, parasattylyq, әdilettilik jәne qiyndyqtan shyghuda kәsiby biliktilik, sheberlik jәne t.b. Kenes qúramyndaghy batyrlar, biyler elding ishki jәne syrtqy jaghdaylaryn qatang baqylap, talqygha salyp otyrghan. Talqylanghan mәselening sheshimin Kenesary hannyng ózi shygharyp otyrghan: «Kenesary han Kenesining qúramyna bytyranqylyqty qoldaytyn tekti feodal shonjarlardy kirgizbedi. Keneske azattyq kýres barysynda han qúrmeti men senimine bólengen adamdar ghana mýshe boldy. Mәselen, onyng inisi Nauryzbay batyr, Aghybay, Iman batyrlar, ózining elshilik tabystarymen ataghy shyqqan by – Shoqpar Baqtybaev, Saydaq qoja Ospanov jәne t.b. Han kenisinde elding ishki jәne syrtqy jaghdayynyng asa manyzdy mәseleleri qaraldy. Kenes bar uaqytta Kenesary pikirimen eseptesip otyrdy...»[1. 286 b.]. Kenesary han biyligining tәjiriybesinen bayqap otyrghanymyzday memleket isine jauapty ziyalylar, biraq jauapkershlikke baghyt beretin jәne osy joldaghy atqaryluy tiyis jәne atqarylyp otyrghan isterge tiyanaqty sheshim qabyldaytyn memleket basshysy.
Kenesary han qúrghan Qazaq memleketi memleket mýddesin qorghaudyng qúqyn, memleket qarjysyn baqylaushy jәne jýzege asyrushy, әskery isti baqylaushy, әskery kýshting qúramy men sapasyn qadaghalaushy, memleket qoryn qamtamasyz etu, elshilik qyzmet jәne t.b. biylik jýielerinen túrghan. Han biyligi osy baghytta jýzege asyp otyrghan [1. 286 b.]. Osylaysha Kenesary han basqarghan qazaq qoghamy tarihy uaqytta tәuelsizdikke qyzmet etuding mol tәjiriybesin qaldyrdy.
Qoghamnyng damuy memleketting baylyghynda ghana emes, memleket biyligining dúrys qalyptasyp, ong nәtiyje beruinde. IYdealdy memleketting ýlgisin jazyp ketken kóne dәuir oishyly Platonnyng memleketti oishyldar basqaruy kerek degen iydeyasyn, osy Kenesary biylik etken qazaq qoghamynyng sayasy ómirinen bayqauymyzgha bolady. Kenesary hannyng memleket biyligin jýzege asyrudaghy kәsiby iskerligi onyng qoghamgha qajet ziyaly adamdardy tandap memleket isine biriktire aluynda.
Elding birigui, ziyalylardyng ortaq últ mýddesine qyzmet etui ýshin últtyq iydeya qajet. Kenesary han biyligining tez arada biyik dengeyge jetip, tarihta qaluynyng sebebi osy shyndyqtyng dәleli. Osy tarihy iydeyanyng nәtiyjesinde Kenesary han bastaghan qazaq túlghalary ózderine mindettegen isti atqaryp ketti dep aitugha bolady. Kenesary han basqarghan memleketting býgingi qazaq eline jetip otyrghan qúndylyqtarynyng biri memleket tarihyn, mәdeniyetin, túlghalardyng naghyz tәjiriybesin qalyptastyryp, tarihta qaldyryp ketuinde. E.Bekmahanov jazyp ketkenedey, «Kenesary sot reformasyn jasaghanda, ózine eleuli yqpal etken izasharlarynyng isin jalghastyra bildi. Sonday izasharlardyng biri tarihta әdettegi qúqyq jinaghy «Jeti jarghynyn» avtory retinde belgili, iri sot reformatory Tәuke han (1680-1718 jyldar) edi. Tәuke zandary ózi qúrghan memleketti nyghaytugha baghyttalghandy. Ádettegi qúqyq normalaryn damushy feodaldyq qatynastar talabyna say beyimdey otyryp, ol ru arazdyghyna qarsy ayanbay kýresti jәne jeke súltandar men starshyndardyng derbestigin shektedi. Sonymen qatar qazaqtardyng әdettegi qúqyghyna janalyqtar engize otyryp, ol sot biyligin tolyq óz qolyna shoghyrlandyrdy. Alghash Tәuke zandary boyynsha, sot qúqyghy memlekettik ókimet organdaryna berildi. Ortalyqtandyrylghan memleketke qarsy bolghan ru biyleri men súltandarynyng mýddesine osylaysha eleuli soqqy berildi» [1. 288 b.]. Memleketke qyzmet etetin adam, memleketting damuyn tarihy negizde jәne uaqyt qajettilikterin әlemdik damudyng dengeyi túrghysynda zerdeley biletin adam. Kenesary han biyligi el tarihynda batyrlar men memleketting sayasy ómirine qyzmet etken biylerding de esimin tarihta qaldyrdy. Kenesary han basqarghan qazaq qoghamyndaghy biylerding qyzmeti qoghamdaghy әleumettik problemalardy sheshumen ghana shektelmegen, qazaq tarihyndaghy handardyng jasaghan reformalary (biyler tarapynan) jana uaqyt talabyna say keneytilip, qabyldandy.
Halyqtyng eldik sanasyn saqtauda, el mýddesine degen úrpaqtyng kisilik týsinigin qalyptastyruda Kenesary hannyng kenesshi biyleri últ qúndylyqtaryn halyqtyng bolmysymen biriktiruge negizdelgen jana iydeyalar engizgen.
Ár bir memleketting damugha negizdelgen últtyq iydeyasy aldymen elding bolmysyna, dәstýrine tәueldi. Memleketti qamtamasyz etuge negizdelgen zang tarihy tәjiriybeni negizge ala otyryp, әr ghasyrdyng shenberinde qalyptasyp otyrghan qoghamdyq sana fenomenderin qamtamasyz etetin kýide qalyptasuy tiyis. Memleket mýddesine say qalyptasqan zandyq erejelerdi jýzege asyruda, ony halyqtyng týsinuine jәne dúrys paydalanuyna baghyt baghdar berip otyratyn fenomender bar. Kenesary biyligining ereksheligi, onyng memleket mýddesin qamtamasyz etu ýshin shygharghan zandary sharighat negizinde qabyldanghan.
Memleket biyligi ziyalylar ýshin iydeal emes, olar ýshin negizi iydeya últ mýddesining talaby, soghan qyzmet etu, tarihtan kele jatqan talapty dúrys atqaru. Búl maqsat ýshin memleket biyligindegi adam qatang әdilettilikti talap etip otyrady. Tektilikting zany ziyalylar ýshin ómir talaby, sondyqtanda tektilikting ruhy әdilettilik ýshin ústanatyn túlghanyng is-әreketinen kórinedi.
Kenesary bastaghan qazaq batyrlarynyng jәne biyleri men jyraularynyng bir tútas qazaq memleketin qúrugha baghyttalghan tarihy óz zamanynda ghana emes qay kýnde de әr úrpaq buynnan eldikti talap etip otyratyn shyndyq. Ol birinshiden memleket tәuelsizdigine qarsy oryn alyp otyrghan sayasy otarshyldyqqa qarsy túryp qana qoyghan joq, onyng qarqynyn toqtatty da. Ekinshiden memleket biyligin qazaq hanynyng qolyna aluy últ mýddesining saqtaluyn qamtamasyz etti, әsirese memleket zanyn qabyldauda últ bolmysy men mýddesine jәne onyng tarihy zandylyqtaryn negizdegen ata zandy qayta qalpyna keltirdi. Osy baghytta qabyldanghan Kenesary han zany az uaqyt ishinde qogham ómirinde әdilettilikti qalyptastyrdy, ziyalylardyng el iygiligine qyzmet etuine mýmkindik tughyzdy: «Ózining zang shygharushylyq qyzmetin Kenesary әdettegi qúqyqtargha ózgerister engizuden bastady, ol ru biylerining sotyn taratyp, sot isin ózi taghayyndaghan biyler men jasauyldardyng qolyna berdi... Qyzmetin jeke mýddesine paydalanghan biylerdi Kenesary dereu ornynan alyp, olardyng ornyna halyq senimine ie bolghan adamdardy qoyghan...» [1. 289 b.].
Memleket biyligining negizgi nysanasy halyq jәne onyng mýddesi, al memleket zany osy halyq pen onyng mýddesining qúndylyghyn tegistey qamtamasyz etip otyratyn tәjiriybe, sol sebepten ol memleket iydeyasy men halyq sanasyn biriktirip otyrady. Kenesary hannyng memleket isining qay salasy bolmasyn onyng jýzege asuyn, zannyng әdil oryndaluyn ózi jәne qasyndaghy senimdi adamdary baqylap otyrghan.
Memleket ruhy memleket zanynyng oryndaluynda ghana emes, onyng qyzmetining óristiliginde. Zannyng ómir sýrui әdilettilikting ómir sýrui, әdilettilikke kelgende zang tek qana halyq mýddesine qyzmet etedi. Hannyng saylaghan biyleri basqarghan sot biyligi barlyq qazaq qoghamynyng negizin qúraytyn qazaq rularynyng taghdyryna qyzmet etken. Alash ghalymy E.Bekmahanov jazghanday, «Talap qoyylghan sot isin qaraudy negizinen ýsh topqa bóluge bolady: 1) Kenesarynyng qarauyndaghy rulardyng barymta jәne adam ólimine baylanysty qaralatyn sot isteri; 2) Kenesarygha baghynyshty emes rulardyng aryzdary qaralatyn sot isteri, olar búghan jii aryzdanatyn; 3) Kenesarygha qarasty qazaqtar men patsha bodandary arasyndaghy daudy sheshetin sot isi [1. 289 b.]. Osy Kenesary han basqarghan qazaq memleketindegi sot biyligining qyzmetine qaraytyn bolsaq, ol tek qazaq qoghamynyng jaghdayynda ghana emes, sol kezdegi resey sayasatyna da yqpalynyng bolghandyghyn kóremiz. Ol ru aralyq mәseleden bastap, memleket, halyq mýddesine qyzmet etip otyrghan. Onyng búl dengeyde jetuine sebep memleket isin basqarudaghy Kenesary hannyng danalyghy men sheberligi.
Jogharyda aityp ótkenimizdey otarshyldyq iydeya aldymen últ ruhyn әlsiretuden bastaldy. Osy sebepten Kenesary han qoghamnyng tútastyghyn, el birligin әdil әri qatang týrde baqylaghan. Óitken ru arasyndaghy qayshylyqtyng oryn aluy búl otarshyldyq sayasat ýshin qolayly nәrse. Al Kenesary basqarghan qazaq memleketining el taghdyry ýshin manyzdy bir qyry onyng el tarihynda últtyq sanamyzgha qorghan bolatyn tarihty qaldyruynda.
Qazaq handary men batyrlarynyng el tarihyndaghy ornyn, túlghalyq ruhyn zerdeleude Qazaqtyng bir tuar últ jandy fenomen túlghalarynyng biri Kenesary hannyng ruhyn somdap, úrpaq sanasynda saqtap túrghan, Kenehannyng eldik qyzmetterine kuә bolghan Nysanbay jyraudyng tarih betinde qalghan sózderi eriksiz oiymyzgha orala beredi:
Kenekem mening ketken son,
Zamanym qaldy tarylyp.
Saltanatty handardan
Jetim qaldym airylyp!
Eki birdey qanatym
Topshydan syndy qayrylyp!
Baldaghy altyn aq beren
Tasqa tiydi mayrylyp.
Kemshilik týsti basyma,
Kóringennen qaymyghyp [2,61 b.]. Últ túlghasy dýniyeden ótse de, onyng erligi, eldigi, danalyghy keyingi úrpaqqa ruhany múra bolyp qalady, ol tarihy uaqyttyng negizinde últ ruhynyng tiregine ainalady. Osy sebepten Kenesaryhan fenomeni últ sanasynda mәngi ómir sýretin dýniye.
Ádebiyet:
1. Bekmahanov E. Qazaqstan HIH ghasyrdyng 20 – 40-jyldarynda. – Almaty, «Sanat», 1994. – 416 bet.
2. Han Kene. (Tarihy jyrlar, tolghaular, dastandar) / Qúrast. – S. Dәuitov. – Almaty: «Ana tili» baspasy, 2012 j. - 424 bet.
Sәrsembin Ýmbethan Quandyqúly
filosofiya ghylymdarynyng kandidaty
Abai.kz