Nauryz meyramynyng jalpyhalyqtyq sauyqtyq sipat aluyn, mazmúndyq rәmizderining (simvolikasynyn) ajar-kórkin arttyru mәselesi - býgingi qazaqstandyq qoghamda ótkir túrghan uәzipa. Shyghys kýntizbesinde jana jyl retinde qabyldanatyn Nauryzdy toylauda qanday sauyqtyq sipat aluy mýmkindigi turaly óz oiymyzdy bizder búrynda ortagha salghan bolatynbyz. Búl joly onyng rәmizdik sipatyna jәne onyng bastau arnasyna nazar saludy jón sanap otyrmyz.

Áz-Nauryz ken-baytaq qazaq jerine kóktemning alghashqy aiy tughanda ayaq basady. Búl kezeng qazaqtyng kók jýzindegi aidyng qozghalysy arqyly jýrgiziletin eskishe esebi boyynsha Nauryz 14-inen bastalsa (ay esebinde 13-inen 14-ine qaraghan týni jana ay tuady), astronomiyalyq esep shartymen kýn men týnning teng keletin toghysyn belgilegen iran-parsy kýntizbesinde - 22 nauryz.

Nauryzdyng basty rәsimderi men rәmizderi, ghúryptyq sipaty alty ay qys mezgili bitip, jazghytúrym uaqyttyng kelip, tabighattyng janaruyn quanysh etumen baylanysty tuyndaydy. Nauryzdyng 13-inde qazaqtar «toqsan» dep atap ketken, sharuany, túrmys-tirshilikti «qysyp tastaghan» toqsan kýndik qys bitip, ayaq-qol keneyetin jaz mezgili jer betine ayaq basady. Alty ay qysta úiqygha, yaghny óli kezende bolghan tabighat qayta tirilip, jana tirshiligin bastaydy. «...Nauryzdy bizding qazaqtyng meyram etui aiyryqsha syiymdy, artyqsha dәleldi,- dep jazady M.Dulatov,- nege deseniz, marttyng eskishe 9–da, janasha 22-inde kýn men týn teneledi, qys ótip, jaz jetip, sharua keneledi. Qys boyy aq kebinin jamylyp, ólim tóseginde jatqan tabighattyn, jandy-jansyzdyng tirilui kimning de bolsa kóniline shattyq beretini anyq bolsa, tirshilik jaghynan qystyng ótuine, jazdyng jetuine qazaqtan artyq tilektes, qazaqtan artyq quanatyn el joq deuge sayady».

Búl tústa Nauryz aiyndaghy jyl basyn qay kýnnen bastau alatynyn belgileu HH ghasyrdyng bas kezindegi aghartushylyq kezende de aiqyn bolmaghandyghyn aita ketuimiz kerek. Atalmysh mәselege kezinde A.Baytúrsynúly da aralasyp, oghan mynaday ýn qosqan edi:«Nauryz – qazaqsha jyl basy. Búrynghy kezde hәr elde nauryz tughanda meyram qylyp bas asyp, qazan-qazan kóje istep, auyldan auylgha, ýiden-ýige jýrip kәri-jas, qatyn-qalash- bәri de mәz bolyp, kórisip, aralasyp qalushy edi. Búl kezde ol ghúryp qazaq arasynda qalyp bara jatqan sekildi. Qúty nauryzdyng qay aida, qay kýni boluy haqynda da hәr týrli sóilenedi. Bireuler Nauryz marttyng birinde, ekinshileri toghyzynda keledi desedi... Jana jylymyz – Nauryz marttyng basynda bolsyn, ortasynda bolsyn, әiteuir martta keletin bolsa, shyn maghynasymen Jana jyl dep aitugha layyq».

Alashtyng ardaqty túlghalary jazyp qaldyrghan atalmysh pikirlerdegi «ólim tóseginde jatqan tabighat», «kәri-jas, qatyn-qalash- bәri de mәz bolyp, kórisip, aralasyp qalushy edi» degen joldar halqymyzdyng kóne miftik týsiniginen habar beredi. Kóshpeli tirshiligi tabighatpen etene baylanysty bolghan kóshpeliler tabighat anadaghy janarudy erekshe quanyshpen qarsy alyp, óz dýniyetanymyn belgileytin simvolikalar tudyrghan. Sonday simvolikanyng biri – tabighattyng ólip qayta tiriluin belgileytin rәsim.

Nauryzdaghy múnday kóne tanymnyng belgileri Qazaqstannyng batys aimaghynda terenirek, aiqynyraq saqtalghan. Búl ólkede jana jyldy 14 nauryzda qarsy alady jәne onyng jalpy júrtshylyq arasynda ornyqqan basty rәsimi, ejelgi ghúrpy – kórisu (yaghny qauyshu nemese amandasu). Múny «qayta tirilu» dep te atasaq ta bolady. Búl – ótkendi, eskini artqa tastap, janamen janasudyn, amandyqpen qauyshudyn, qayta tabysudyng әri týzu kónildin, adal tilekting rәmizi.

«Ótkenge –salauat, bolashaqqa - amanat» - Nauryzdyng basty filosofiyasy. Ata-babasynyng ruhyna dúgha baghyshtau, kórshi-kólemin, aghayyn-tughanyn aman kórip, olargha syi-syyapat jasau, tartu-taralghy berip qúrmet etu, Alla taghala bergen jastyng bir jylgha úzaruyna shýkirshilik etu – Kórisuding basty amaldary.

Qúrmet pen syilastyqty aq jalau etken qauyshu kýni búrynghy ókpe-renish keshirilip, arazdyq úmytylady. Ómirding týrli jaghdayynan tuyndap, adamdar arasynda payda bolatyn ókpe-renish, arazdyq, óshtesu syndy kónil-kýy saryndaryn ótken uaqyttyn, eski jyldyng enshisine qaldyrugha úmtylghan adamnyng niyeti izgilikke balansa, al ony keshken, sóitip tatulyq jibin qayta jalghanuyna múryndyq bolghan jannyng әreketi adamgershilikting biyik dengeyi dep sanalghan. Tipti, kórisu kezeni tughanda jaulasyp jýrgen el nemese ru-taypalar arazdyqty toqtatyp, jaulastyqty joygha ymyralasyp, beybitshilikti qalpyna keltiruge úmtylghan.

Múnday izgi niyetter jer betindegi iri diny senimderding de filosofiyasyna ornyqqan. Sondyqtan ata-babalarymyz erteden dәstýr etken «kórisudin» basty ústanymdary men amaldaryn jana zamannyng túrmys-tirshiligine, adamdar arasyndaghy qarym-qatynastyng ýilesimdiligin qamtamasyz etuge, tipti, qoghamnyng týrli toptary el-júrttyng ózine nazar audaruyna sep bolatyn sayasy tehnologiyalaryna da paydalanugha bolady. Osy әreketter arqyly kóne ghúrypty zamanauy sipatta jandandyryp, ony jana mazmúnmen, tyng órnekpen bayytu býgingi kýnning mindeti dep sanaymyz.

Álemning ozyq elderindegi innovasiyalyq-tehnologiyalyq janalyqtar bәsekelestikti terendetip, әleumettik-ekonomikalyq mәselelerding jahandyq sipat aluyna keng jol ashty. Últ pen úlys perdesin «ysyryp tastaghan» qym-quyt, kýiki tirshilik tasqyny, qoghamdyq qatynastardyng kýrdelenui adam balasynyng jan dýniyesine, jýike jýiesine qatty әser etip jatqany sózsiz. Búl orayda sol qauipterge toytarys qoya alatyn psihologiyalyq tegeurinderdi qalyptastyruda kórisu ghúrpynyng kómekke kele alatyny anyq.

Týiindey kelgende, tabighattay janarudy ishki jan-dýniyesinen bastaytyn adamzat balasynyng ruhany týleuinde Kórisu yrymynyng mәn-manyzy zor. Ony halqymyzdyng kóne dәuirler qoynauynan jetken ghúrypy retinde Nauryz meyramy ýstinde atap ótuge, aituly merekening basty rәsimdik sipatyna qosugha әbden bolady. Búl tústa sanagha mynaday úghymdardy ornatqan jón sekildi: qayta týlegen, janghyrghan ruh janany, jaqsylyqty, tabysty, dostyqty, mahabatty, quanyshty kónilding shenberine qabylday alady. Osy bir adamy qúndylyqqa negizdelgen izgi әreketter arqyly ol tylsym Jaratylystan ózine baghyttalghan syigha da, sybaghagha da, sauapqa da, yryzdyqqa da keng jol asha alady dep baghamdaugha bolady.

Almas ÁBSADYQ,

filologiya ghylymdarynyng doktory.

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