Jalpymúsylman jәne Alash qozghalysy mýddeleri
Tarihy miniatura
Jalghasy. Basy myna siltemede.
4.
Jana Reseyding unitarlyq sipatta úiysuyn jaqtaushylar Ahmed Salikovtyng sózin qoldap sóilep jatty. Olardyng kóshin Ghayaz Ishakov bastady. Onyn kózqarasyna Shәkir Múhamediyarov, taghy basqa sóileushiler qosyldy. Tipti Salikov te óz bayandamasynyng negizgi qaghidalaryn qorghap, minbege taghy birneshe mәrte shyqty. Ishakov ta qayta kóterilip, onyng úsynysyna taghy basqa dәiekter keltirip jaqtasty.
Suretterde
Fatih Kәrimov
Ghúbaydolla Álibekov
Ghúbaydolla Jәngirhanov
Álihan Bókeyhan
Jahansha Dosmúhamedov
Iliyas Boraganskiy
Ismail Gasprinskiy
Halel Dosmúhamedov
Al olardy tyghyryqqa tiregen, әriyne, Múhammed-Ámin Rasulzade túghyrnamasynyng kópshilik kókeyine qona ketkeni edi. Ári bayandamany qostap sóileushilerding negizdemeleri myqty kóringenin angharghandarynda, ózderining jariya etilgen jәne dúrystyghyna kәmil sengen kózqarastaryna jan-jaqtan dәlel tartyp, odan sayyn shiryqqan.
Federasiyashyldar qataryna әzirbayjan Álimardan Topchibashev, qyrymly Jaghyfar Saidahmedovpen birge jarq etip, qazaq Jahanshah Dosmúhamedov qosyldy.
– Jadynda ústa ony, Slava, – dedi Ótemis, – bayqaymysyn, qalay silteydi?! Men toghyz jýz besinshi jyly onymen alghash tanysqanda – naqty uchiliysheni bitire de qoymaghan edi. Sodan beri ol eski jýie qyzmet basqyshtarymen tәp-tәuir ósti. Últtyq qozghalysqa revolusiyadan keyin keldi, yustisiya generaly mәrtebesin tәrk etip, halyqqa qyzmet etip jýr...
Slava ony qasyn tandana kerip tyndady da, minbedegi Janshadan kózin aiyrmay, sózine jiti qúlaq tosty. Payym-baylamdarynyng kesektigin andady. Endi az uaqytta onymen Piyterde úshyrastyratynyn, әriyne, tap sol sәtte bile qoymady.
– Mynau qúddy Jasay ghoy, – dep sybyr etti Ótemiske.
Ótemis ýnsiz, basyn shúlghydy.
– Átten, Jasaydyng densaulyghy qalypty bolghanda ghoy...
Slava kýrsinip, shamaly ýndemey otyrdy da:
– Olar pikirles bolar edi, halyqtaryndy jana ómirge búruda bir-birine senimdi ýzengiles bolar edi... – dedi.
Sosyn Piyterdegi dimkәs dosyn ishtey myna sheshenmen salystyra oilaghan qalpy, tym-tyrys qatty da qaldy.
Ótemis Janshany Oraldaghy qazaq konstitusiyashyl-demokrattar úiymy jinalysynan keyin kórmegen bolatyn. Sonau bir jyldardan beri osy sezge kelgeninde bir-aq kezdesti. Sondaghy eti tiri sidang bala jigit, odan beri bir mýshel uaqyt ótkenmen, qazirgi jigeri kemerinen asa búlqynyp túrghan, sózi mirding oghynday ótkir, shalt, dәleldi, kesimdi qapsaghay azamat beynesinen býgin de tanylyp túrghan. Onyng bar bolghany on shaqty jyl ishinde imperiya joghary oqu ornyna týsip, anau-mynau emes, zan, qúqyq mәselelerin oqyghany óz aldyna, sol salada patshalyqtyng biylik satysymen órlep, ýlken dәrejege jetkeni ghalamat edi. Ol zang qyzmetkerlerine beriletin ýlken ataqqa ie boldy, ony general deytin. Ótemis ózi bala kezdegi úghymymen, tek general Jәngirhanov tәrizdi әskery kiyim kiyip jýrgenderdi ghana solay ataugha bolatynday kóretin. Biraq myna ózinen az ghana ýlkendigi bar jigitti Baqytjan súltan serikterine sypattap, әdilet salasyndaghy shenin aityp jatqanda, ә degende tanyrqap qalghan.
Jansha saqal-shashy әppaq egde kisige sonshalyqty balalyq izetpen erkelegendey týr kórsetip, ózining o basta zang oquyna baruyna Baqytjan súltannyng yqpal etkenin músylman qozghalysynyng ardagerleri bop tabylatyn týrki-azamattar kózinshe yqylastana aitty.
Ákesi úlynyng uchiliyshe bitiruine oray, Ólenti jaghasyna qonghan maldy auylyna dastarhan jayyp toy jasap, syily azamattardy shaqyrghan. Sonda Tekeden solqyldaq kýimemen arnayy kelip, qonaq bolghan kisilerding ishinde osy qadirmendi Baqytjan agha da bar edi. Onyng jiylghan júrt aldynda Janshagha bata beru ispetti aitqan sózi tek ómirlik jolyn tandau sәtin bastan keship túrghan jas jigitke emes, kýlli halyqqa arnalghan baghdarlama tәrizdi bolyp shyqqan-dy.
– Qazaqtardyng ókimet ozbyrlyghyn kórip jýrgeni az ba, – degen ol. – Tek sol neden shyghyp jatyr degenge oy jýgirtip kórinizdershi... Mәsele – bizding qazaqtyng zang jaghynan nadandyghynda jatyr. Myrzalar, biz ózimiz qolastynda túrghan memleketting zandaryn jetik bilmegendikten, aluan qiyndyqqa úshyrap jýrmiz. Zang men qúqyq mәselelerinen qaranghy bolghandyqtan da, biz eng aldymen, óz ishimizde, týrli topqa, atagha, rugha bólinemiz de, qily alauyzdyqqa jol beremiz. Sondayda, tipti, ýy syrtynda bizding osal tústarymyzdy andyp túrghan dini bólek qojayynnyng baryn oilamaymyz.
Aymaqtaghy bedeli airyqsha zor Baqytjan Qarataev súltan sóilegende, toy dastarhanyna jiylghan júrtshylyq әr sózin qalt jibermey tyndaghan. Ishtey qysylyp, aitylghan syny sózdi әrqaysysy әrtýrli dәrejede qabyldasa da, tym-tyrys, iltipatpen tyndaghan. Ol pikirin órbite kelip:
– Al bizding onday sauatsyzdyghymyzdy ókimet әbden ondy paydasyna asyruda. Biylik adamdarynyng qazaqqa qoqandap ketetini sodan. Bizdin zandy qúqtarymyzdy ajyrata almaytynymyzdy, yaghny zannamany qoldanyp qorghana almaytynymyzdy olar jaqsy bilgendikten de – týrli ozbyr qylyqtaryn emin-erkin jýrgize beredi, – degende, ýn-týnsiz bastaryn shúlghyp maqúlday bergen.
Otar elde otarlaushylar jasaghan birjaqty zandardyng ózi ornymen qoldanylmaydy. Sóitip, tiyisinshe, otardaghy bodandar tirshiligin qiyndata týsedi. Úzaq jyl imperiyanyng basqa ónirinde qyzmet atqarghan zanger múny bilip aitady...
Ol sózining qorytyndysy retinde, Janshanyng ómirdegi bolashaq ornyna, alugha tiyis mamandyghyna baghdar berdi.
– Doseke, – dedi onyng Janshanyng әkesine búryla qarap, – esimin jahannyng biyleushisi, shahy, qahany bolsa eken degen ýlken ýmitpen Jahanshah dep qoyghan sizding myna balanyz ókimetting ozbyrlyghyn bilimmen auyzdyqtaytyn úrpaqtyng aldy bolsyn, siz ony zang oquyna beriniz!
Qadirmendi ziyalynyng tilegi kópting qolpashyna, әkening qúptauyna ie boldy. Sonda ol qara jusandy sayyn dala aspany astynda jas óskinge keng shalqar kónilimen aq jol tilep, aq batasyn berdi...
Baqytjan aghanyng sózin Jansha joghary oquda jýrgen kezinde bir sәt te esten shygharghan joq. Ol tek qúqyqtyng qisyndaryn, imperiya zannamasynyng qyr-syrlaryn oqyp ýirenumen shektelmey, úly dalanyng qúryqqa týsu tarihyn zerttep, otarlaushylardyng bodandaryna kórsetip jýrgen zansyzdyqtaryn zerdeledi. Uniyversiytettegi oqushy jastardyng demokratiyalyq qozghalysyna da aralasty. Týrli sayasy jiyndargha baryp jýrdi, studenttik shodkalargha qatysty. Álginde saliqaly bayandama jasaghan Ahmed Salikovpen de sol Mәskeu uniyversiyteti studentterining is-sharalarynda, solargha ózi de qatysa jýrip tanysqan.
Ahmed óte jaqsy bayandama jasady, óz úsynysyn jap-jaqsy dәleldedi de. Biraq onysy Janshanyng kózqarasymen mýldem ýilespeytin edi. Óitkeni, ekeui tanysqannan beri ótken on shaqty jyl olardyng ústanymdaryn óz aimaqtarynyng naqty әleumettik-sayasy ahualdaryna say, bir-birinen ózgesheleu etip shegendegen-di.
Ahmed Reseyding evropalyq bóliginde, Kavkazda, al Jansha aziyalyq bóliginde, Sibirde enbek etti. Ahmed ýnemi qoghamdyq-sayasy júmystarda, al Jansha memlekettik qyzmette boldy. Ras, memlekettik qyzmet ony birden alaqanyna salyp ayalay qoyghan joq. Oqu bitirip eline kelgeninde birden Oral oblystyq gubernatorynyng basqarmasyna qyzmetke alynghan edi, biraq resmy lauazymgha taghayyndalmastan, bosap qaldy. Oghan sebep bolghan – ókimetting ortalyq guberniyalardan sharualardy kóshirip әkelip qazaq jerine qonystandyru sharalaryna baylanysty, Janshanyng baspasóz betinde jariyalaghan syny maqalalary bolatyn.
Sodan keyin biylik oghan, degenmen, mamandyghy boyynsha qyzmet atqarugha púrsat beredi. Ol birer jyl okrugtik sotta bazbúzarlyq ister bólimi men úsaq basbúzarlyq jәne azamattyq isterdi qaraytyn sudiyanyng hatshysynyng kómekshisi boldy. Múnda sudiya lauazymyn alugha kandidat retinde qyzmet atqarghan-dy, alayda oghan sudiya lauazymy búl jerde búiyrmady. 1912 jyly sonday lauazymgha agha kandidat bolyp, Sibirge – Omby sot palatasyna auystyryldy. Barnaul jәne Zmeinogorsk ýiezderinde úsaq basbúzarlyq jәne azamattyq isterdi qaraytyn sudiya bop istedi. Odan kóp úzamay Barnaul qalasynyng prokuraturasyna shaqyryldy. Taghy tórt-bes aidan keyin, 1914 jyldyng nauryzynda Tom oblystyq prokurorynyng Kainsk ýiezi boyynsha orynbasary lauazymyna taghayyndaldy. Sayasy sebeppen jer audarylghandardy baqylau salasyn basqardy. Ádilet generaly sheninde qyzmet atqara jýrip, ol patshalyq biylikting kózsiz qolshoqparyna ainalmay, demokratiyalyq ilanymgha berik qayratker retinde qalyptasty. Sondyqtan da monarhiya taghy qúlasymen, Sibirdegi revolusiyashyl úiymdar basshylarynyng qataryna kóterildi.
Songhy ýsh jyly Ýlken Sibir poshta jolynda, Tastysudyng Omgha qúiylysynda oryn tepken Kainsk qalasynda ótti. Qala tarihy teren-di. Ol orys memleketining Kóshim handy Sibir tarihy sahnasynan yghystyrghan dәuirinen kóp keyin, Barbara dalasyn on segizinshi ghasyrdyng basynda mekendegen kóshpendi qazaqtar men qalmaqtardyng shabuylynan qorghanu ýshin salynghan bekinisten bastau alatyn. Tom guberniyasynyng okrugtik qalasyna ainalghanyna da ghasyrdan asyp bara jatqan.
Barabalyq týrkilerding kóbi orystanyp ketken. Degenmen, músylman dinin ústanyp otyrghandary da az emes-ti: jalpy sany segiz myng qaraly. Olardy Baraba tatarlary dep ataydy. Ishterinde birli-jarym tegi qazaq ekenin úmytpaghandar úshyrasady. Al taza qazaqy saltpen tirshilik qúrushylar mýldem joq dese de bolady, qalay bolghanda da Jansha olardy keziktirgen emes. Barabalyqtar orys sharualary sekildi eginshilikpen jәne mal sharuashylyghymen shúghyldanady. Sonday-aq kirpish qúy jәne kýidiru, teri iyleu, may qorytu, sabyn qaynatu kәsiporyndarynda, diyirmenderde, tipti, araq jәne syra zauyttarynda júmys isteydi. Qalada túraqty bazar bar, jyl sayyn jәrmenke de bolady. Jaqyn mandaghy aimaqtardan sauda jasau ýshin kezdeysoq kelgen birli-jarym qazaqtar da keyde solardan kórinip qalady.
Biraq osylardyng bәrining Kain ólkesining qoghamdyq-sayasy tynys-tirshiliginde eshbir ýlesi joq-tyn. Janshanyng oiynsha, múndaghy kóne týrki taypalarynyng júrnaqtary mýldem әlsiregen. Týp-tamyrymen baylanys nyshany mýldem sezilmeydi. Kóbi islam dinin ústanady degenmen, óz meshitteri joq sebepti, sol músylmandarynnyng ózining dini qatty dey almaysyn. Oryssha ómir sýru salty olardyng tirshiligine qalypty jaghday sekildi sinip kele jatyr. Tipti, búl túrghyda, sinagogalary* bar evreyler de qorshaghan ortasynan asa erekshelenbeydi.
*iuda dinin ústanatyndardyng ghibadat etetin ýii.
Patshany taqtan týsirgen qaharly revolusiyanyng zor dýmpui Sibir qalalarynyng sayasy ómirin de tez jandandyrghan-dy. Sonda Dosmúhamedovting de aimaqtaghy bedeli aiqyn tanylghan. Ol Kain ýiezinde bolghan sezde ýiezdi basqaru jónindegi azamattyq atqaru komiyteti tóraghasynyng orynbasary bolyp saylanghan edi. Biraq aigha jeter-jetpes uaqytta ondaghy sayasy qyzmetin dóngelekteuge tura keldi. Óitkeni eldegi bir aghasynan jýrek tolqytar habar kelgen bolatyn...
Aq patshanyng el biyliginen taydyryluy, barlyq jerlerdegi tәrizdi, Jansha tuyp-ósken ónirge de ýlken jandanu әkelgen edi. Oral oblysynyng týrli qyzmette jýrgen oqyghan qazaqtary men el ishindegi bas adamdar Tekede bas qosyp jinalys ótkizdi. Jinalysta jaghdaydy talqylay kele, resmy týrde Jayyqtyng syrtqy bóligi dep atalatyn daladaghy, ózenning sol jaghalauynan әri qonystanghan qazaqtardy basqaratyn azamattyq komiytet atty basqaru úiymyn qúrdy. Azamattyq komiytetting tóraghasy bolyp bayyrghy qayratker, zanger, Ekinshi Memlekettik Duma mýshesi, qadirmendi Baqytjan súltan Qarataev saylandy. Komiytetting atqaru alqasynyng qúramyna oblystyq basqarma men ýiezdik polisiyanyng qazaq qyzmetkerleri, birer bedeldi bolys basqarushysy, bir belgili dәriger endi.
Azamattyq komiytetting tóraghasy Qarataev birinshi kezekte jana Resey qúrylysshylaryn qúttyqtaudy jón kórdi. Kýzde ghana ol Tórtinshi Memduma tóraghasy Rodzyankonyn aldynda bolyp, qazaqtar jayynda estelik jazba tapsyrghan. Qazaq ishindegi dýrbelendi basu ýshin – tyl júmystaryna adam alu merzimin keyinge qaldyrudy súraghan bolatyn. Býginde Rodzyanko Dumanyng Uaqytsha komiytetin basqaryp, janarghan Reseydi jasaushylardyng kóshbasy bolyp otyr. Mine osy demokratiyalyq ókimet serkesine ainalghan oktyabrist Mihail Vladimirovichke Oral oblysy qazaqtarynyng zamana talabyna say úiysqan basqaru qúrylymy atynan jedelhat joldap, jana ýkimet júmysyna tilektestik bildirdi. Sosyn azamattyq komiytet atqarugha tiyis qyzmetter ayasyn naqtylaugha kirisken.
Alayda aimaqtaghy azamattardyng sana-sezimderine revolusiya airyqsha serpin bergendikten, olar el isin eski daqpyrtpen tóre túqymyna basqarta beruding dúrystyghyna kýmәn keltire berdi. Aqyry, aragha eki apta salyp, ziyaly qauym qayta jinalys ótkizdi de, azamattyq komiytetti tarqatty. Ony oblys qazaqtarynyng qúryltayyn ótkizgenshe júmys isteytin uaqytsha qazaq komiyteti retinde qayta qúrdy. Uaqytsha qazaq komiytetining tóraghalyghyna bolys basqarushysy Ghúbaydolla Álibekov saylandy. Búrynghy azamattyq komiytetting mýsheleri negizinen jana qúrylym qúramyna kirdi, Qarataev ta bir mýshesi boldy. Sol tústa ol sosial-demokrattar úiystyrghan Oral oblystyq azamattyq komiyteti qúramyna Álibekovpen birge, qazaq komiyteti atynan engizildi. Onda negizinen Qarataev belsendi qyzmet atqardy, al Álibekov qazaq komiyteti sharualarymen shúghyldandy.
Mine osy Ghúbaydolla Álibekov, Jahanshanyng jympitylyq jerles aghasy, sol aimaqtaghy Ólenti bolysyn basqarushy Ghúbaydolla Álibekov – saqal-shashy agharghan qartamysh Qarataevtan on shaqty jas kishi, qayraty kemelinde túrghan el aghasy edi. Kezinde uchiliyshe, seminariya tauysqan, kózi ashyq, lauazymdy. Sondyqtan da oghan qazaq komiytetining júmysyn janasha ýiirip әketedi degen senim artylghan.
Al ol sol senim ýdesinen shyqpaqqa tyrysty. Ozyq bilimdi, memlekettik qyzmetshi dәrejesindegi biyik lauazymgha jetken, patshalyqtyng yustisiya salasynda iri shenmen qyzmet atqaryp jýrgen Janshany – jas ta jigerli azamatty revolusiya dәuiri talabyna say qyzmet qyluy ýshin Oralgha shaqyrdy. Onyng san-salaly taram jol aldynda túrghan tughan eline keluin súrap, alys ta beymәlim Sibirge jedelhat joldady. Tughan elde tosyp túrghan revolusiyalyq ózgeristerge Jahanshahtay jigit tikeley qatysugha mindetti, onyng bilimi men jinaghan júmys tәjiriybesi qazirgi tanda múnda óte-móte qajet. Demalys alghan sayyn jylda bir at izin salyp ketetin Jympity týlegi Jayyq syrtyndaghy sardalany meken etken halyqty býgingi almaghayyp zamanda bilek sybanyp tura jolgha bastauy kerek...
Jansha Dosmúhamedov Kain ýiezi atkomy tóraghasynyng joldasy* qyzmetin qaldyratynyn jariya etip, kýrestegi ýzengilesterimen qosh aitysty. Sosyn bes jylday meken etken Sibir qalalaryn, songhy jyldary mýldem etene jaqyn tútyp ketken Kainsk men Barbara dalasyn birjolata artqa qaldyryp, jan jary Oligany ertip aldy da, batysqa, Oralgha tartyp ketti.
*orynbasary.
Ony jerlesteri quana qarsy aldy. Ghúbaydolla aghasy oghan sayasy ahualdy bayan etip, revolusiya tolqynymen әr jaqtan jinalyp jatqan, uaqytsha qazaq komiyteti tóniregine úiysa bastaghan jigitterdi tanystyrdy. Jansha olardyng birazyn búrynnan biletin, keybirimen endi bilisip, pikir almasty. Yustisiya salasyndaghy biyik resmy mәrtebesi men kópshilikke baspasóz arqyly mәlim kózqarasy ony últtyq qozghalys jetekshisi dengeyine birden jәne dau-damaysyz kóterdi.
Uaqytsha komiytet oblys qazaqtary sezin dayyndaytyn úiymdastyru burosyn qúrdy. Sayasat isterindegi jana әriptesteri Janshany sol buronyng basyna saylady.
Petrograd ortalyq músylman burosynan kelgen jalpy núsqaular men úsynystardyng negizinde ol alda atqarylmaq isterdi nobaylady. Buro mýshelerine ýiezderde jinalys ótkizip, mәseleni talqylau jәne oblystyq sezge delegattar saylau nauqanyn jýrgizu haqynda mindetter bóldi. Jalpy basshylyq jasaudy óz qarauyna qaldyra túryp, әr atqarylmaq júmys jayynda týrli aqyl-kenesin berip otyrdy. Sosyn sezge úsynylatyn basty qújatty – oblystyng qazaqtar ómir sýrip jatqan Jayyq syrtyndaghy bóligin basqaru erejesin jasady.
Qúryltaygha ýiezder men bolystardan kelgender tura myna kýllireseylik jalpymúsylman sezine shartaraptan jinalghan delegattar sanynday edi. Oraldaghy sirk ýiine segiz jýzden asa ókil syidy. Solardyng aldynda uaqytsha qazaq komiytetining tóraghasy Ghúbaydolla Álibekov qysqasha qúttyqtau sóz sóilep, sezdi ashty. Sosyn qúryltaydyng tóraghalyghyna osy kýnderi demalysyna oray el ishinde jýrgen Tom okrugtik soty prokurorynyng orynbasary Jahanshah Dosmúhamedovty saylau jóninde delegattargha úsynys aitty. Júrt du etip, úsynysty bir auyzdan qoldady...
Sәuirdin on toghyzy kýni taltýste ashylghan Oral qazaqtarynyng qúryltayy tórt kýn boyy júmys istedi. Delegattar elding basqarylu jýiesi jóninde federativtik demokratiyalyq respublikany qoldady. Qazaqtargha mindetti týrde keng kólemde últtyq-aumaqtyq avtonomiya berilu kerek degen qaghidagha dauys berdi. Jansha bas bolyp, zannamalyq sipatpen dәiektep jasaghan Oral oblysynyng Jayyq syrty bóligin basqaru erejesin bir auyzdan qabyldady. Barlyq kýn tәrtibine shygharylghan soghys, syrtqy sayasat, jer-su, oqu-aghartu mәselelerine qatysty últtyq mýddege jauap bere alatyn bekem sheshimder qabyldandy. Jahanshahty bas etip, atqarushy organ – qazaq komiyteti qúryldy.
Ol bir top ýzengilesterimen birge osy býkilreseylik músylman sezine delegattyqqa saylandy. Yaghny endi ol búl jerde – Mәskeu qúryltayynda – Oral qazaqtarynyng oi-pikirin arqa tútyp, oblystyq siyezde qorytqan kózqarastaryn qorghaugha tiyis edi.
5.
Sondyqtan da Jansha jaryssóz bastalysymen, alghashqylardyng biri bolyp, minbege shyqty. Imperiya zannamasyna jetik zang qyzmetkeri әm últ qayratkeri biligimen qazaq jerining otarlanu tarihyn sholdy. Imperiyanyng úly dala tirshiligine qatysty zandaryn syny túrghyda qarastyrdy. Qazaqtyng memlekettilik belgilerin týgel jonggha baghyttalghan pәrmenderdi, jer-sudy bólshektep, týrli әkimshilik birlikterge qaratu, halyqty ózining atamekeninen qily jolmen yghystyru әreketterin delegattar aldyna aiqara ashyp tastady.
– Týrki halyqtary ishindegi eng sany kóp qalyng kóshpendi qazaqqa mýldem adam aitqysyz ozbyrlyq jasap otyrghan eski ýkimet joyylghan tústa, onyng ornyna kelgen jana memlekettik qúrylym kóne jolmen jýrip ketetindey bolmauyn oilau kerek, – dep, ol prokuror sabyrymen ortagha salmaqty oy tastady. – Shynayy demokratiya ornatady ekenbiz, demek, keshegi otarlyq dәuirde ezilgen halyqtardyng tarihy qúqtary qalpyna keltirilui qajet ekenine dau tudyrmaghan jón. Qazaq halqy óz jerinde tútastanyp otyr, ol tek imperiyalyq basqaru jýiesine kýshtining qúqymen zorlap kirgizilgendikten ghana bólshektenip qalghan, jәne tiyisinshe, damuy kenjelegen. Jana ahualda onyng aumaqtyq avtonomiya aluy – tarihy qajettilik bolyp otyr. Jerlik, territoriyalyq ózin-ózi basqaru qúqyghyn jýzege asyra otyryp, qazaq eli federativti, parlamenttik, demokratiyalyq Resey qúramyna kiruge әzir bolady...
Osy túrghyda Dosmúhamedov sezde saliqaly bayandama jasaghan Rasulzadeni qoldaytynyn bar dauyspen jariya etti. Búrynghy imperiyanyng shartarabynda óz tarihy atamekenderinde tirshilik keship jatqan jalpy sany otyz million músylman otarlaushy qúrsauy qausaghan, otar qamytynan azattyq alghan tústa óz eldik sipattaryn janghyrugha tiyis. Sol sebepti Jahanshah býtkil halyqtar ókilderin Múhammed-Áminning úsynysyna – júrttardyng ghasyrlar boyy túnshyqqan armandaryna jauap beretin týrde úsynghan jobasyna dauys beruge shaqyrady.
Ýziliste ony Ótemis ótkir de dәiekti sózimen qúttyqtady. Petrogradtaghy beldi jurnalisterding biri, ózining on shaqty jyldan bergi jaqsy dos-joldasy Slava Preobrajenskiymen tanystyrdy. Olar ashyq-jarqyn kónilmen emin-erkin pikirlesip túrdy.
Sol kezde Janshanyng janyna serikterimen Baqytjan súltan da keldi. Sәlimgerey súltan, Serәli, Álimardan bәri jastardyng sayasy betterin agha úrpaq retinde qadaghalap otyrghandyqtan, rizashylyqtaryn bildiruge arnayy búrylghan eken.
Oryn alyp túrghan oijarys auqymyn sholysty. Sosyn:
– Shyndap kelgende, keshegi birtútas imperiya ishinde avtonomiyalyq qúrylymdar tuuyna ýkimet jol bere qoymaydy ghoy dep oilaymyn, – dedi Baqytjan Qarataev, – biraq mәsele júrttyng óz pikirin aiqyndauynda...
– Nege olay oilaysyz? – dedi Serәli Lapin narazy ýnmen. – Revolusiya zany týbegeyli ózgeriske qúrylady emes pe...
– Naqty shyndyq, alayda, týbegeyli ózgeriske – biz әngime etkendey núsqagha – jol bermeu jaghynda. – Qarataev qysyq kózin syghyraytyp, sózin oilana sabaqtady. – Biyliktegiler qay zamannan orys memleketi ishinde separatizm* tuyp kete me dep qorqady, al últtyq avtonomiya qúrugha mýmkindik beru – soghan tikeley jol salatyn shara. Ýkimet ókilin tyndadyndar emes pe?! Kadet partiyasynyng qúttyqtauyn jetkizgen knyaziding sózine mәn berip kórindershi! Onyng da lebizi ýkimet ókili sózine úqsas. Oghan tanghalatyn eshtene joq, biylikke jetkennen keyin kadet kósemderi ýkimettik baghytpen sanasugha mәjbýr boldy. Qazir olar ýkimettegi ózge serikterimen birge Reseydi birtútas jәne bólinbeytin respublika dep jariyalau amalyn qarastyryp jatyr...
*kópúltty memlekettegi últtyq azshylyq qozghalysynyng bólinip ketuge jәne derbes memleket qúrugha úmtylysy.
– Qarastyrsyn, meyli, biraq músylman qauymy ózine qolayly memlekettik qúrylym týrin aiqyndap, estirtip aitqany jón, – dedi bayyrghy avtonomiyashy Sәlimgerey Jantóriyn. – Jәne múndayda jastardyng ózderin tanytqandary, keshegi Ismaiyl-bey, Rashid qazy sekildi jana túrpatty kýreskerler bolyp kele jatqandaryn kórsetkenderi bek abzal.
Álimardan Topchibashev Janshany aqyryn qarynan qaqty.
– Baghdar dúrys, osyghan kópting kózin jetkizuimiz kerek...
Dúrysy dúrys-au, biraq, tap osy dúrystyqty qorghap shyghu onay sharua emes bolatyn.
Ghayaz Ishaky minbege qayta kóterilip, tausyla sóiledi. Óz kózqarasyn dәleldey týsti. Qaytkende Reseyding birtútas boluy manyzdy degendi shegeledi. Al últtyq birlestikter tek mәdeny avtonomiya týrinde ghana damudy qolgha alsa, ózderine paydaly bolmaq, osyny, ókinishtisi, bizding týrki tektes bauyrlardyng birazy úqpay túr dedi.
Qúddy Janshany nysanagha alghanday boldy. Reseyding federasiyalyq jýiede qúryluyn qalap, avtonomiya alamyz dep otyrghandar, qyzyghy, Ghayazdyng oiynsha, sonshalyqty jetkilikti damy qoymaghan halyqtardyng ókilderi kórinedi.
Ol qazaqtardyn, sarttardyn,* kavkazdyq halyqtardyn, ózge de júrttyng bolashaghyna senbeydi, múnysyn jasyrmay, ashyqtan-ashyq jariya etti. Sebebi, dedi Ghayaz, olar tipti nadan. Olarda, yaghny mal sonynda salpaqtaghan qazaqtarda zamanagha layyq óndiris oshaqtary, týrli kәsiporyndar, zauyt-fabrikalar joq. Sony jasay qoyatyn ozyq oily adamdary da shamaly, shamaly deydi-au, oqymystylary joqtyng qasy...
**búl jerde – týrkistandyq ózbek, tәjikterding jiyntyq atauy.
Ótemis zor bilimdi tatar jazushysy Ghayaz-Ayaz Ishaky aghasyn qayran qala tyndady. Osy uaqytqa deyin, bayaghy Ismayyl әpendi, Rashid qaziyler qatarynda, dúrysynda, jasy kishi shәkirt ispetti olardy óksheley basyp, músylman qozghalysynyng bel ortasynda jýrgeninde, onyng Ghayaz aghasy din islam pendelerin ru-taypagha bólmey, teng qarap, býtin týrki, bir músylman túrghysynan ortaq mәseleler kóterip kele jatqan.
Bir kezderde onyng «IYke yoz eldan son inkyiraz»** deytin boljal-qiyalmen jazylghan hikayatyn oqyp, Ótemisting kóp oigha qalghany bar-dy. Onda ol tatar halqyn eki ghasyrdy artqa salyp, әbden azghyndap, ajalgha dushar bolatyn etnos retinde sipattaghan. Onysy oqyrmanyn jaybaraqat qaldyrmaytyn, kókiregi oyau azamatty qarsylasugha, otarlyq qúrsaudan qútylugha úmtyltatyn. Ótemis razy bolghan. Ayaz-jazushy búl fantastikasy arqyly bóten elding ezgisine týsip, kýshi, sany basym últ arasynda jútylu, sinisu kezenin bastan keship jýrgen noghaydyng ghana emes, sonday qalyptaghy kýlli týrkilerding namysyn janyp otyr dep oilaghan. Kim biledi, shúrayly jerin de, bar saladaghy qúqtaryn da joghaltyp bara jatqan qazaqty da sonday keleshek tosyp túrghan bolar, bәlkim…
**«Eki jýz jyl ótkennen keyin azghyndap ólu».
Ayaz IYsqaqov, Ótemisting óz oqyghan-toqyghanynan jәne on shaqty jyldan beri qyzmetshileri bolyp qastarynda jýrgen Iliyas Boraghanly men Sәlimgerey Jantórinnen biluinshe, orny erekshe adam. Ol ótken ghasyrda dýniyeden ótken pәlsafashy Kursavi, aghartushy Marjany sana әleminde tynnan týren salyp nobaylaghan, osydan eki jarym jylday ghana ilgeride dýnie salghan úly ústaz, aghartushy-jornalshy Gaspraly shegendep, kenitken danghyldy jalghastyryp, ilgeri aparushylar sapynan. Kursavy kóne medreselerde oqytylatyn qatyp qalghan diny qaghidalargha syn kózben qarap, olardy jana zaman talaptaryna say týsindiru jәne solay iykemdeu qajettigin túnghysh ret kótergen edi. Múnday kózqaras músylmandyqtyng diniy-jalang aqylgóisuge negizdelgen, ómirden alshaq oqu oryndarynda evropalyq bilim beru jýiesine úqsas ózgerister jasaugha mýmkindik beretin. Jana tәsilmen oqytatyn medreselerdi Marjany damytty. Oqu baghdarlamasyna zayyrly pәnder engizildi. Úzamay jәdidshildik әigili «Tәrjiman» arqyly kýlli týrki әlemine tarady...
Ótemis eski mektep pen jana mektepting aiyrmashylyghyn tәp-tәuir biledi. Eger kóne medreseler jastargha tek diny kózqarasyn tәrbiyelep, nyghaytu ýshin qúday sózin oqytyp-ýiretumen shektelse, jana tәsilmen oqytatyn medreseler olardyng keng dýniyege kóz asha qarauyna mәn beredi. Onday oqu oryndarynda oqyghan shәkirtter tek meshitterge emes, ainaladaghy tirshilikke aralasyp, ekonomikagha, sayasatqa qyzmet ete alatyn bolady. Solay bolyp ta keledi! Últtyq qúndylyqtardy saqtaugha osynday mektepterden tәrbie alghan azamattar belsene aralasyp jýr. Sondaylardyng kóshbasy osy Ayaz aghalar siyaqty edi ghoy. Onyng Ismayyl-bey sekildi kemengerlikpen: «Bilim alu – azattyqqa bettegen joldaghy alghashqy qadam!» degen qanatty sózi barshagha mәlim...
Imperiyadaghy otarlanghan halyqtardyng barshasyna jany ashy qarap jýr dep sanaytyn Ghayaz aghasy qazir tatardan ózge týrkilerdi týnilte sóiledi. Ótemis kýrsindi. Ghayaz myrzagha qayran qala qarady.
Ol Qazaqstan, Týrkistan sekildi elderdi ghylym men bilimnen, ónerden qúralaqan qalghan dep tóndirdi. Sosyn solardyng sany az ghana oqyghan tobyna kinә arta sóiledi.
– Bizding qazaq bauyrlarymyzdyng birli-jarym kózi ashyqtary býgin osy minberden avtonomiya alamyz dep jariya etip túrsa, búl solardyng artyndaghy júrtyna qolayly jәne dúrys bolady degen sóz emes, – dedi ol. – Týsininizder, myrzalar, osylarday qaranghy halyq Reseyden ajyrap, avtonomiya alar bolsa, onda olar búrynghydan da beter sorlady dey berinizder. Onda olardyng patsha uaqytynda kýni ótken bayaghy aqsýiekteri biylikti qaytadan qoldaryna alady. Han túqymy sanalatyndar, qaradan shyqqan ózge de yqpaldy qauym – bay, manap, bek bitken atqa qonady. Bәrining de qúdaylary berip, kýni keshe patsha әkimshiligi ozbyrlyqpen jýrgizgen zorlyqty endi óz qandastaryna ózderi jasaydy.
«Osyny Ayaz agham shynymen qazaqqa jany ashyghandyqtan aityp túr ma eken?» – Ótemis demin ishine aldy.
– Imandylyq ústar edi olardy onday ozbyr qylyqtan, – dep, Ghayaz sózin kýrsine sabaqtady, – biraq olar shyn mәninde músylman da emes. Ózderining beytaraptyqtarymen qoymay, qazaq arasynda músylmanshylyq kýsheyip ketpesin degen pighylmen, olar jantalasyp, óz qandastaryn dinnen aiyru ýshin barlaryn saluda. Búl oraydaghy zalaldy is jýrgizushilerding aldynghy qatarynda osynda sóilegender de, búl sezding mәjilisine kelmegender de bar. Jasyratyn nesi qaldy, qazaq halqynyng músylman boluyna oryssha oqyp, orys tәrbiyesin alghan qazaqtar kóp kedergi kórsetip jýr...
Júrt shegin tartty...
6.
Ghayaz IYsqaqovtyng minberden mәlim etip túrghan senbeushilik sózderi tyndap otyrghandardyng basqasyn qaydam, Ótemisting kóniline ә degende qatty keldi. Renjy otyryp oigha shomdy. Býtkil týrki әlemine әigili bilimdi de bilikti qayratkerding óz úsynysyn dәiekteu ýshin qazaqtargha tura múnday týrde senimsizdik bildirui ol ýshin mýldem kýtpegen jәit edi.
Avtonomiya mәselesin qazaq Sәlimgerey súltan Jantórin osy otyrghandardyng barshasynan búryn qozghap, әuelde polyaktar múryndyq bolghan avtonomister odaghynyng sonau 1905 jylghy basshylarynyng biri bolghan-dy. Ýkimet qyryna alghan búl mәseleni Alghashqy Dumada polyak kolosy mýshelerimen onasha talay talqylasqan. Ol Rashid qazy Ibragimovpen birge arnayy kitap ta shygharghan. Sonda olar qazaqtyng da, tatardyng da emes, iysi týrkinin, tipti imperiyadaghy bóten tekti atalatyn barshanyn mýddesine jauap beretin is qylugha tyrysqan bolatyn. IYsi týrkining mýddesi birligin qyrymdyq aghartushy Ismayyl Gasprinskiyden artyq jyrtqan eshqaysysy joq shyghar. Músylmannyng ruhany tirshiligine beldi qazaqtardan general Ghúbaydolla Jәngirhanov qalay kómektesti. Sonau astana sәni bop túrghan ýlken meshitti saludy úiymdastyrghanda, ol da, osy zalda otyrghan týrkistandyq zanger Serәli Lapin de, ózgeler de eshteneden tartynghan joq edi. Tipti, el ishinde jýrgen búrynghy kóterilisshi, jasy úlghayghanyna qaramastan músylmandardyng basqosuynan qalmay, kezinde Duma saylauyna qatty mәn berip, Aqmola jaghyndaghy ýgit-nasihat júmystaryna shama-sharqynsha atsalysqan ózining Erkindik kókesi de azattyqqa jetudi әrdayym ortaq arman dep biletin. Endi kelip, ózderin kemitken mynanday sóz aitylatynyn qaysysy oilapty olardyn?
Áytkenmen... Osy orayda Ótemis ózining kónilin kýpti qylghan jәitterding әrәdik qylang berip jýrgenin eriksiz oilady. Sumang etip, miynyng bir týkpirinen atoylap, әrne boy kórsetip túrghan...
Ras, aq patshany sastyrghan bastapqy revolusiyalyq oqighalar qazaq búqarasynyng sayasy belsendiligin kóteruge sheshushi yqpal tiygize almady. Búghan Ótemis búl kýnde senimdi. Búl orayda, bәlkim, Ghayaz myrzanyng renish tughyzyp túrghan әlgi pikirining jany bar deuge keler...
Áytse de 1905 jylghy 17 qazan maniyfesi jariya etken sayasy ózgerister qogham ómirine belgili dәrejede әser etti, ony Ótemisting ózi de shet-jaghalatyp kórgen. Biraq, shynynda, kózi ashyq, oqyghan azamattary az qazaq arasynda búqaralyq sipat almady, eleuli kýsh týrinde angharylmady.
Degenmen, búqarany oyatatyn sayasy oy úshqyndary ólkege jetken-di, búl anyq. Ádilet ansaghan últtyq topyraq azattyq armanymen tynaytylghan bolatyn. Onyng ósip-ónuine jerding taryluy eleuli ýles qosyp kele jatqan. Ótken ghasyrdan bastalyp, Stolypin reformasymen kýsheye týsken múghajyrlyq – sharualardyng qazaq jerine aghylghan kóshi-qony – bostandyq tileushilikti arttyra týsken.
Jer-sudy dәstýrli kóshpendilik ómir saltymen paydalanu tәrtibi kýrt ózgeriske úshyraugha mәjbýr boldy. Qauymdar arasyndaghy ýirenshikti qarym-qatynas búzyldy. Kóshpendilerdi shóleytke yghystyryp, oidym-oydym shúrayly oryndargha pereselenderding qonystanyp aluy qalypty jaghdaydy kópe-kórneu astyn-ýstine shygharghan faktorgha ainaldy. Múnyng alghashqy kórinisterine Ótemisting bala kezinde әkesi Batyrbek qol bastap qarsy túryp kórdi. Áriyne, kóterilis jeniliske úshyrady. Ákesi qaza tapty, al onyng qarulas serigi Erkindik katorga dәmin tatyp, birinshi orys revolusiyasy dýbirlegende, elge qashyp keldi. Biraq, júrtty qayta kótere almady. Al kóp úzamay, kýres joly basqa ekenin úqty.
Sonda sayasy sauaty tómen, sayasat әlippesin ómirden ýirengen qart sarbaz jastargha ýmit artty. Balasy ispetti Ótemisti ozyq oilylargha taqau jýrsin әri oqysyn degen niyetpen osynau imperiya astanasyna ornalastyrdy. Ózi músylman qozghalysyna qatysty, qazaq mýddesin Duma minberi arqyly kýitteu qajet dep bildi, deputat saylaugha qayta qol jetkizu jolyn tabudy oilady, aqyry, oryndalmaghan sol armandarymen dýniyeden kóshti...
Býginde Edil-Jayyq aimaghyn qara shekpendiler men atty kazaktar qara qúrymday bop basyp aldy. Aqmola, Semey aimaqtarynda olar qazir jergilikti qazaqtardyng sanyna jetip qaldy, ýshten birinen anyq asyp ketti. Tek Týrkistan aimaghynda әzirge azshylyq, sonyng ózinde әr jýzding altauy kelimsek kórinedi degen sóz bar.
Osynday jaghdayda elge jón jolbasshy kerek-aq ekeni aiqyn-túghyn. Ári onday orynnan kórinuge tiyis el aghalary bar da tәrizdi edi. Átten, olar ýmitti aqtamady, olay bolmay túr...
Osy jerde múny moyyndamasqa bolmas...
Bayandamasynda aitqan qaghidalaryn qorghau ýshin minbege qayta kóterilgen Ayaz IYsqaqov sheshenderding jaryssózde aitqan pikirlerimen aitysqa týsken, sonda, qyza-qyza, jandy jaragha tiyip ketkendey boldy ma, qalay....
Miynyng tereng bir týkpirinen soghan baylanysty bir estelik nayzaghaysha sumang qaqty. Úmytylsa eken degen jandy jarany osynau sayasy pikirtalas jarqyrata ashyp, sanasyn qaryp ótkendey boldy...
Azattyq qozghalysyn bastaydy dep ýmit artqan agha úrpaq ókilderining alauyzdyghy tym terenge ketkenin 1914 jyldyng jazynda kórip, Ótemis qatty kýizelgen-di. El sengen eki serke bar edi, solar júrtty eki jarghan ba dedi. Búl qalay, múnyng syry nede?
Ziyalylar ishindegi ózi biletin, kópshilik moyyndaghan qos serkening júldyzy jaraspauy jayyna Ótemis qinala oy jýgirtti. Qansha ókpelegenmen, Ghayaz myrzanyng aiyptaularynyng jany da bar...
Biraq ol tap osy kýllimúsylman sezi minberinen sonshalyqty dabyralatatynday mәsele me edi...
Osylay uayymgha salynyp otyrghan Ótemis bir sәt jenildene basyn kóterdi: tatar aghayyndardyng oqyghandary týgeldey Ghayaz myrza syqyldy oilamaytyny anyq!..
...1912 jyly ol jazday el aralap kelip, kýzde Orynborda boldy. Búl ýshinshi Dumagha saylau ótkizu nauqanynyng qarsany edi. Osynda bayaghy Qoyandy jәrmenkesinde tanysqan jigitterding birazyn kórdi. Oghan sebep bolghan – osynau jalpymúsylman sezi tóralqasyna saylanyp, tórde otyrghan bayyrghy baspager әm jornalshy Fatih Karimy әbzy edi.
Tolyq aty-jóni Muhammed-fatyh Ghylmanúly Kәrimov, esimi Fatyh, Fatih týrinde kóbirek aitylady. Samara jaghynda ahun otbasynda tuyp-ósken. Alghashqy sauatyn óz әkesinen ashqan eken. On jasynda Chistopolide medresede oqypty. Jiyrma bir jasynda, 1891 jyly, Orynbor músylman diny jinalysyna qatysyp imam jәne mýdәris ataghyn alugha mýmkindik beretin emtihandy Ufada oidaghyday tapsyrypty. Búnysy oghan diny lauazymmen qyzmet atqarugha jol ashady eken. Alayda Fatih oghan asa qyzyqpasa kerek. Sondyqtan әkesi ony qyshtamapty. Tandauly mektepterde oqytyp, jaqsy, zayyrly bilim beruge tyrysypty. Sosyn Stambulgha oqugha jiberipti.
Fatih onda tórt jyl oqyp, arab, parsy, týrik, fransuz, latyn tilderin ýirenedi. Algebra, tariyh, geografiya, himiya, qúqyqtanu pәnderin oqidy. Sosyn medresede sabaq beredi. Odan Orynborgha keledi. Búl 1898 jyl edi. Sol jyly Orynbordaghy altyn ónerkәsibimen shúghyldanatyn Shәkir Ramiyevpen birge sayahatqa shyghyp, birqatar Evropa elderin aralaydy, Germaniya, Beligiya, Fransiya, Italiya, Avstro-Vengriya, Serbiya, Bolgariya jәne Týrkiyada bolady. Sapardan alghan әseri jayynda kitapsha shygharady. Odan Moskvada alty ay boyy túryp, buhgalteriya men nemis tilin oqidy.
Osy kezde әkesi Ghylman qaziret diny lauazymyn tәrk etip, baspagerlik ispen jәne kitap saudasymen shúghyldanugha bet búrghan eken. Orynborgha kóship kelipti. Orys әlippesine Ybyray Altynsarinning qosqan әripterin paydalanyp, qazaqtargha arnap týrli kitaptar basqan Breslin degen baspagerding kitap basatyn baspahanasyn satyp alypty. Sol shaghyn kәsiporynmen birer ýi-jaygha qonys audaryp, aqyry Or kóshesindegi Gostinyy dvordyn* ontýstik qatarynan oryn tepken ýsh dýkendi on eki jylgha jalgha alghan kórinedi. Sharttasu jolymen qúrylystyng ishine ózgerister jasap, kitap jәne jazu qaghazyn satatyn dýken ashypty. Biraq isti keng jolgha qoyyp ýlgermey, dýnie salghan. Sonda baspahana basyna úly Muhammetfatyh túrghan eken. Mine osy Fatih aghanyng Orynborgha kelip әkesi bastaghan baspa isin jandandyruy noghaylardyng ghana emes, qazaqtardyng da baghyna ainalghan edi.
*Sauda jaymalary jasauly, arnayy salynghan ghimarat.
Ýkimet buyndary, biraq, múnday ózgeristi qalamaytyn. Olar ólkede Muhammetfatyh sekildi kisining payda boluyna seskene qaraytyn. Ótemiske mәlim, ondaghy Purishkevich ruhynda payymdaytyn astam pighyldy ýkimet qyzmetshileri ózara:
– Búratanalar damudyng tómengi satysynda túr, mәdeniyetti bilmeydi, – deytin. – Olardy ne әdebiyet, ne óner qyzyqtyrmaydy. Nemese tym az mólsheri ghana búl tarapta shamaly ynta tanytady. Olar negizinen bәri nemese bәrine juyghy qaranghy, evropalyq memleketterding túrmys-tirshiliginen beyhabar. Kerek deseniz, tipti, ózderine tuystyq-taypalyq jaghynan jaqynyraq, dini bir Týrkiya jayynda da týk bilmeydi…
Osylay mensinbeushilik tanytyp jýrgen otar chinovnikteri kýnderde bir kýn taghattarynan airylady. IYә, olar kóp úzamay-aq jaybaraqattyqtaryn joghaltady. Óitkeni oqymysty adam retinde músylman arasynda bedeldi, arab, fransuz jәne jergilikti tilderdi erkin biletin búl ziyaly, jazushy adamnyng Aziyalyq Rossiya tarapyna kelip, baspagerlikpen ainalysuy jaqsy emes ekenin, onyng búratanalar arasyna biylikke qolaysyzdau bilim taratuy әbden yqtimal ekenin eriksiz oilaghan. Búl shynynda da solay boldy.
Alghashqy revolusiya bastalysymen Kәrimov qogham isine belsene kirisip, músylman qozghalysynyng aldynghy leginen kórindi. Jan-jaqty bilimi bar, qarshadayynda últtyq tamyrmen susyndaghan, tatar múnynyng kýlli iysi týrki, tipti barsha imperiyanyng ezilgen bodandary múnymen ýndes ekenin, ozbyr otarshy qúrsauynan bosanudy ansaushylar qatarynyng kóp ekenin týisingen, ómir kórgen, azamattyq tiregi aiqyn Fatih Karimov Orynbor ónirinde birden-bir kóshbasy retinde tanyldy. Oghan tatarlar ghana emes, qazaqtar da baratyn. Onyng Keruen-Saray kóshesindegi ýiine qyrdan arnayy at sabyltyp keletinder de bolatyn.
Ol 1905 jylghy jazda Tómengi Novgorodtaghy alghashqy músylman sezine qatysyp, jalpyimperiyalyq týrki-músylman qauymynyng keme ýstinde ýkimet rúqsatynsyz bas qosu oqighasy ishinde boldy. Keyin, taghy da jasyryn ótken Petrbor sezinde, Ótemisting Kókshetau medresesindegi múghalimi Shәimәrden Qosshyghúlovpen birge músylman partiyasy ortalyq komiytetining mýsheligine saylandy. Kýzden bastap, patshanyng 17 qazan maniyfesi jariya bolghannan keyin, ainaldyrghan ýsh-tórt aidyng ishinde aimaq músylmandary ókilderimen ótken bes jinalysta da bir auyzdan tóragha bolyp saylandy.
Fatih bostandyq jarshysy retinde qabyldanghan maniyfesti ózi tatarshalap, baspahanasynda bastyrghan. Sony jinalysqa kelgenderge taratty. Sodan beri ýnemi jergilikti jәne jogharghy ókildik jiyndaryna ókilder saylaudy úiymdastyru júmystarynyn, qauymdar arasyndaghy qayshylyqtardy joygha atsalysudyng bel ortasynda keledi.
Nildidegi aghalarynda bolyp, Qarqaraly manynda tynshyghan Erkindik kókesining basyna baryp qaytqan saparynda Ótemis Orynborgha soqqan. Birden Karimy baspahanasynyng birneshe jyldan beri meken etetin ýiine, qalalyq teatr janyndaghy Perovskiy kóshesinde otyrghan jayyna keldi. Múnda tatardyng ghana emes, orystyng da gazetteri, tipti kitaptar da basylatyn. Fatih agha ony ýlken kәsiporyngha ainaldyrghan edi.
Onymen Ótemis búryn da Petrbordaghy Boraghanly baspahanasynyng kitap taratu haqyndaghy sharuasyna oray baylanysyp túratyn. Osy kelgeninde baspager Kәrimovtyng aldyna týrli júmyspen kirip-shyghyp jýrgen birqatar qazaq oqyghandarymen jolyqty. Solardyng ishinen ana jyly Qoyandy jәrmenkesinde tanysqan Raqymjan Dýisebaevty kórdi.
Sol 1905 jylghy jazda qazaq oqyghandary jazghan Qoyandy tilek-hatyn júrtqa tanystyru ýshin kóshirisuge qatysqanymen, sayasat jyqpylyn әli bile bermeytin balajigit, múrty endi ghana týbittene bastaghan bozbala Ótemisting qasynda ol saqa jigit-tin. Oqyghan-toqyghany bar, sayasy sharagha belsene qatysuy bar, kóp jyl gazette istegeni bar, ol kәdimgidey oily azamat bolatyn. Onyn auzynan estigen kóp jәitting mәnin sol joly búl tereng úghyna da bermegen eken, endi oilap qarasa.
Raqymjan zang jaghynda qyzmet qylyp jýrgen-di. Kópten kórmegen, astanadan el aralay kelgen Ótemispen edәuir syrlasty. Ol Fatihpen de, altyn kәsipshiligimen shúghyldanatyn aghayyndy Zәkir jәne Shәkir Ramiyevtermen de júmys babymen tәp-tәuir tanys kórinedi.
Patsha maniyfesimen jariyalanghan sóz bostandyghy auqymynda Ramiyevter «Uaqyt» atty qoghamdyq-sayasy gazet ashqan. Ony Orynborda osy Kәrimovtyng redaktorlyghymen shyghardy. Aptasyna ýsh shyghatyn osynau ýnparaq qazaq tynys-tirshiligine de beytarap qaramaytyn. Gazet әuelde Fatyh Kәrimiyding baspahanasynda basylyp túrdy. Odan, eki-ýsh jylda, әlgi atalghan kәsipkerlerding qamqorlyghymen óz baspahanasyna ie boldy. Degenmen ony da is jýzinde basqaryp túrghan Múhammed-Fatyh edi. Ótemis biletin shyghar, búl kisi óte jan-jaqty adam ghoy, bәrine ýlgeredi. «Qúsayyniya» medresesinde sabaq berudi Fatyh aghamyz baspagerlik júmysymen qosa jýrgizdi. Búl oqu oryny 1-gilidiya kópesi Ahmet Qúsayynovtyng qamqorlyghymen júmys istep túrghan. Osynau ozyq oqu ornynda ol pedagogikalyq kenes mýshesi, onyng qamqorshylarynyng biri boldy. Oqulyqtar jazdy. Onyng «Qysqasha jaghyrapiyasyn» aimaqtaghy músylman mektepterining bәri paydalanyp jýr. Kәrimov sonday adam.
– Fatyh aghamyzdyng ústazdyq qyry bar, baspagerligi bar, әri, eng bastysy, músylman júrtyna degen erekshe jan auyrushylyghy bar. Sol sebepti shyghar, onyng ainalasyna bizding qazaq múghalimderi de ýiirilip jýr, – degen Rahymjan.
Shynynda, alys Týrkistan shaharynan onyng aldyna osy kýnderi múghalim Qonyrqoja Qojyqov kelgen. Baspadan shygharmaqqa niyettengen «Álippesinin» qoljazbasyn әkelgen. Týrkistan ólkesindegi ýkimettik oqu bólimining tiyisti rúqsaty bar kórinedi. Ol kelgende Fatyh ózi jazghan «Islam tarihy» oqulyghynyng jana basylyp shyqqan danasyn qolyna alyp otyrghan edi.
– Jana әdistememen oqytylatyn mektepterge janasha oqu qúraldary asa qajet, – dedi Qonyrqoja. – Tatar jәne ózbek-sart mektepterinde jәdidy baghyt jaqsy óris alghan, al bizding qazaq mektepterine әli talay asudan ótu mindeti túr. Mynau bir alghashqy talpynys edi. Sonyng túsauyn kesu ýshin sizge әkep otyrmyn...
Olar mektep pen onyng bolashaghy jayynda edәuir әngime-dýken qúrdy. Qonyrqojanyng sauat ashu oqulyghynyng qoljazbasyn paraqtay otyryp, kóp pikirlesti. Osynday sharua orayynda kelip qalghan múghalim Ahmet Baytúrsynovty Qonyrqojagha tanystyrdy. Ol da qazaq mektepterine jana oqu qúralyn jasaumen shúghyldanyp jýrgen kórinedi. Qarqaraly jaghynda istegen, qazir Orynborgha qonystanypty. Fatyh olardyn aghartu isindegi qadamdaryn qúptap, baspagerlik túrghyda kómek beruge әrqashan әzir ekenin aitty.
Ol búghan deyin Qonyrqojanyng da, Ahmetting de kitaptaryn basyp berip jýrgen, taghy nege baspasqa. Eldi jappay aghartu ýshin әlippe oqulyghy kerek ekeni anyq, sol túrghyda osynau eki qazaq jigitine jәrdem berudi ózine mәrtebe kóredi.
Kópes Qúsayynov qaytys bolghannan keyin artynda mol dýniye-mýlik qalghan eken. Onyng sonau alghashqy revolusiya qarsany men 1906 jyldyng sonyna qaray jazghan eki amanaty boyynsha, kóptegen jyljymaytyn mýlikten túratyn orasan zor baylyq qayyrymdylyq maqsatqa júmsalatyn bolyp belgilenip, halyq iygiligi ýshin qyzmetke qoyylypty.
Solardy paydalanudan týsetin tabys Orynbordaghy iri jәmi* men onyng janyndaghy «Qúsayyniya» medresesinin, sonday-aq jana әdistememen júmys isteytin mektepterding shyghynyna ketedi. Al guberniyada onday mektep sany qyryq shaqty eken. Solardyng oqytushylaryna enbekaqy tóleu, joghary oqu oryndarynda, realidy**, kommersiyalyq jәne kәsipshilik uchiliyshelerde, gimnaziyalarda jәne múghalimdik mektepterde oqityn músylman jastaryna stiypendiyalar beru, qajylyq sapargha shyqqandargha jәrdem kórsetu, sonday-aq medreselerge arnalghan oqulyqtar men dini-imandyq mazmúndaghy kitaptar shygharu osynau qordyng moyynynda.
*ýlken meshit.
**naqty.
Al onyng júmysyn erekshe qayyrym kórsetu úiymy rettep otyrady. Úiymda aghza*** retinde basqaru júmysyna qatysatyn on tórt adam bar-dy. Mine sol úiymnyng qaramaghyndaghy dýniye-mýlikke ie bolyp, qayyrymdylyq qorynyng jinaqtaluyna bas-kóz bop otyratyn vakuf**** kenesi mýshelerining biri Fatih Karimy edi. Onyng ózi de músylmandardyng kóptegen qoghamdyq úiymdaryn qúrugha múryndyq bolyp kele jatqan. Mәselen, ol ashqan «Orynbor qalasynyng músylmandar qoghamy» alty jyldan beri júmys istep keledi. Qyzmetining negizgi baghyty aghartushylyq júmystar jýrgizu jәne múqtajdargha qayyrymdylyq kórsetu. Qogham óz esebinen qalanyng әr aimaghynan bes bastauysh mektep pen kitaphana ashyp, ústap keledi. Joq-jitik oqushylargha qoldau kórsetude. Biyl ghana Fatyh qúryltayshylardyng biri jәne basqarma mýshesi retinde «Oqyp jatqan músylmandargha jan-jaqty kómek kórsetetin Orynbor qoghamyn» qúryp, tirkeuden ótkizdi. Ne kerek, osynau qaryndas qazaq bauyrlardyng iygi niyetti azamattaryna oqulyqtaryn bastyrugha júmsalatyn shyghynnyng bir shetin kóteru orayynda birer jәrdemdik shara solar tarapynan jasalyp qaluy ghajap emes...
***mýshe.
****salyqtan bosatylghan jyljymaytyn mýlik, negizinen meshitterge tiyesili jer telimderi.
Búl jaghymdy habar bolatyn. Degenmen oghan razylyqtaryn bildirip, alghys aita túra, olar birneshe kýnnen keyin Múhammed-Fatyh myrzagha basqa ótinishpen keldi. Mәsele Ótemisting Petrbordaghy músylman qauymy men Memlekettik Dumanyng músylman fraksiyasy jayynda shertken syrynan tuyndaghan edi. Olar deputattar arasynda qazaq ókili joqtyghyna shyn ókinish bildirip, «3 mausym» zanyn ózgertkizuge tyrysqan әreketter bolghanyn, odan eshtene shyqpaghanyn әngimelep otyrghan.
– Jigitter, – dedi Qonyrqoja bir kezde, – osy joly noghay bauyrlargha qolqa salsaq qaytedi? Bir oryndy bizge qiyndar dep?
– IYә, búl óte tiyimdi jol, – dep qostay ketti Ahmet ony, – basqa emes, osy guberniyadan súrayyq. Qalalarda túratyn qazaqtardyng birin osy jaqtan deputattyqqa ótkize alsaq, tamasha bolar edi...
– Jaqsy-au, tek búl guberniyadan týsuge dayyndalyp jýrgen tatar ókilderi kóne qoysa múnymyzgha...
Ótemis dýdәmal ýnmen kýdigin aitty, óitkeni ol osy aimaqtan keshegi Ýshinshi Duma mýshelerining biri saylanugha niyettenude ekenin biletin. Jәne ol adam basqa emes, múghalim, halyq әnderin jinaushy, bashqúrttyng úzyn-kýy atalatyn jyrlaryn oryndaushy, elge syily Ghaysa Eniykeev bolatyn. Ol, ras, Ýshinshi Dumada tatar jәne bashqúrt mәselelerin kóteruimen kózge týse bastaghan.
– Biraq ortaq mýddeni oilaytyn da shyghar-au, bәlkim ornyna osy joly qazaq qaryndasy baruyna qarsy bola qoymas. Dumada qazaq mәselesin jetik biletin eshkim joq qoy...
Ýsheui de osy sózge toqtasqan. Sosyn olar oilaryn jinaqtap, mine býgin jalpymúsylman qúryltayy tórinde otyrghan, al sol kezde baspager әm qogham qayratkeri retinde aimaqtaghy kózi ashyqtardy ýiirip túrghan myna Múhammed-Fatyh myrzagha kep aitqan-dy. Sonda ol ýlken týsinushilik kórsetip, búlardy qoldaghan edi. Oqyghan qazaqtar óz halqyn búzyp barady demegen. Qayta, ózining gazeti betinde sonau Dumagha qazaqtan deputat saylau jayyndaghy osy oy men tiyisinshe ziyalylargha jasalghan ótinishti oqyrmandar nazaryna úsynugha kelisken edi. Mine otyr ghoy tórde. Ghayazdyng qazaq oqyghandaryna qarsy aitqandaryn ol qoldar ma eken?..
7.
Minber jaqtauyna qolyn tirep túryp, óz bayandamasyndaghy tújyrymyn dәiektep túrghan sheshen qazaq әriptesterine ókpesin odan әri jayyp salyp jatty.
– Olar osy uaqytqa deyin qazaqtardy tatarlargha jolatpaugha tyrysuda, – dedi ol, – týsininizder, olar qandastaryn tatarda edәuir jaqsy damyghan ilim-bilimge juytqylary kelmeydi! Tipti tatar moldalarynyng qazaq arasyna baryp júmys isteuine de kedergi keltirmek bop әurege týsude!
Sheshen qazaqtardyng ishinde naqty kimdi kinәlaytynyn ashyp aitpady, biraq sol aty teris qazaq oqyghandarynyng ziyandy әreketterin tizbeley berdi.
– Olardyng esil-derti óz halqyn tamyrynan ajyratu, – dep tóndire týsti ol, – olar qazaqtardy orystyng ghylymy men bilimine, mәdeniyetine, ónerine, tiline ýiir qylugha tyrysyp jýr. Olar bayaghy Ybyray Altynsarin ispetti missionerlik joldy quattaydy. Qazaqtyng músylman bolyp qalghanynan góri, jappay shoqynuyna ong kózben qaraytynday synayly.
«Tatar aqylmany әm sayasy kýreskeri Rashid qazidy tatar jazushysy әri sayasatkeri Ghayaz myrza da syilaydy, al Rashid qazy Ibragimov, biraq, qazaq Altynsarin jayynda búlay oilamaydy ghoy. Ol Altynsarindi missioner emes, aghartushy dep ataghan», – dedi ishtey Ótemis ózine ózi.
Al Ghayaz IYsqaqy mynaghan senimdi – jalpy týrki-búratanany, әsirese serkeleri qaterli jolgha bastap bara jatqan qazaq halqyn beri búryp, bir músylman tuy astyna jighanda ghana maqsatqa jetuge bolady.
– Bir týrki-músylman halqy boluymyz kerek, qazaqtardyng bólinemiz deui ózine ziyan, jaramaydy. – Sheshen qazaqtardy saqtandyra sóilegendey boldy. – Týrki tuy astynan bólinu qazaqqa tezirek orystanu qaupin tóndiredi.
Onyng oiynsha, avtonomiya alu – ózgelerden bólinumen parapar. Avtonomiya alyp federasiyagha kiru degeniniz qazaqtyng últtyq mýddesine jauap bermeydi. Tek unitarizm, bólinbes birtútas Resey ghana qazaqty da, kýlli músylman halyqtaryn da qútqara alady. Sondyqtan, qazaqtyng da, týrkistandyqtardyng da, kavkazdyqtardyng da mәseleni tereng bayyptamay úrandatuyn qoshtaugha bolmaydy...
Qayratty shashyn keri bir qayyryp tastap, minbege Jahanshah qayta shyqty. Ol Ghayaz IYsqaqov aityp túrghan kelensizderge qazaq tek qana avtonomiya alu arqyly toqtau sala alatynyn aitty.
– Al eger Resey birtútas memleket bolyp túrsa, qazaqtyng atamekenindegi jer-sudy ortalyq biylik týrli jeleumen kesip aludy jalghastyra beredi, – dep sabaqtady ol sózin, – búghan úly dalanyng otarlanu tarihynan habardar kimde-kim shәk keltirmes dep oilaymyn...
Jansha sәl tynystap, zalgha oilana qarady. Júrttyng yntygha tyndap otyrghanyn bayqady. Sosyn aqyryn ýnmen bylay dep qosty:
– Myrzalar, Ghayaz myrza shoshyndyryp túrghan orystanudyng kókesi sonda bolady. Esterinizde bolsyn, qazaqtar – Reseyding sheginde ómir sýrip jatqan týrki halyqtarynyng eng sany kóbi... Az últtardyng qay-qaysysyn da óktem de biyleushi últqa sinisip ketuden qazirgi ahualda avtonomiya ghana qútqara alady.
Ol oiyn osylay bir tújyryp tastady da, dәstýrli ekonomika men ony damytudaghy kedergiler jayynda әserli әngimeledi.
Qazaqqa kezinde imperiya qily әdispen joyghan eldigin janghyrtu qajet. Oghan qazir qolayly sәt tudy. Sol arqyly qazaq tarihtaghy óz ornyn ala alady, ózine jasalghan tarihy qiyanatty joyyp, әdilet ornatady. Múny tek sayasy qayratker ghana emes, ýlken jazushy, halqynyng últtyq mýddesin terennen oilay alatyn Ghayaz IYsqaqy anyq biluge tiyis. Sóite túra onyng keshege deyin barshamyzdy ozbyr qiyanatymen renjitip kelgen unitarlyq memleketti taghy da janghyrtudy qoldaytyny qalay? Býgingi azattyq jolyn tandau sәti tughanda da onyng tap sol búrynghy birtútas imperiyany basqasha ataumen saqtau jaghynda túruy Jahanshah Dosmúhamedovke bek týsiniksiz. Moyyndasyn Ghayaz myrza, barsha unitarister de bir sәt qoldaryn jýrekterine qoyyp oy jýgirtsin: kýni keshege deyin otar bolyp ezilip kelgen әr týrki júrty endi solay, ózimen ózi boludy ansaydy. Qay-qaysysynyng da kýmәnsiz senetini – óz oshaghyn qorghau arqyly, óz eldigin qalpyna keltiru arqyly basqa qaryndas halyqtarmen teng dәrejede qol ústasa alady. Óz shanyraghynyng týtinin týzu shygharu arqyly ortaq imandylyq, adamgershilik múrattargha jete alady...
Janshany qoldaushylar kóbeydi. Jalpy músylman qozghalysynyng әr kezgi maqsattaryn janghyrta otyryp, býgingi tandaghy mindetti tuyndatqan Álimardannyng sózi, bayandamashy Múhamed-Áminning ózi úsynghan negizgi qaghidalaryn qaytadan, basqa qyrynan dәiekteui, Jaghyfardyng Qyrym tarihyn terennen qozghap, unitarly, otarshyl da ozbyr, birtútas memleket qúramynda qyrymly júrty kórgen masqaralyqtardy tizbeleui eshkimdi jaybaraqat qaldyrmady.
Federasiyalyq qúrylym jaghyndaghylar anyq basymdyq kórsete bastady. Sonda Ahmed men Ghayaz minbege qayta-qayta úmtyldy. Olar endigi bir rette Resey músylmandarynyng birlesui kerektigin aitty.
– Patsha taqtan ketip, imperiya daghdarysta túrghanda, músylmandar ýshin batys pen shyghys mәdeniyetin qosa siniruge qolayly dәuir tudy, – dedi biri.
– Músylmandardyng birlikke qol jetkizuining manyzy zor, – dedi ekinshisi.
Qay-qaysysyna da mәlim, Ahmed múny ortalyqtaghy sayasy partiyalar júmystaryna aralasyp jýrgendikten mýldem anyq biledi, býginde orys adamdary kóp partiyagha bólinip alghan. Olardyng ortaq maqsattaryn birlesip aiqyndaulary da, ózara til tabysulary da qiyn. Sebebi baghdarlary san týrli. Osyny jadtarynda ústasyn jalpymúsylman sezining delegattary...
Ahmedting payymyn Ghayaz ýstemeledi. Ol da orys adamdary alauyz bolyp san partiyagha bólinip túrghanda, iysi músylmannyng bir boluy manyzdy ekenin basa aitty.
– Bizding barshamyzgha búrynghydan da jaqyndasyp, tútasugha tyrysu kerek. – dedi ol. – Sonda ghana orystyng zang shygharatyn mekemesinde býkil músylman mýddesin útymdy qorghaugha bolady...
Býkil músylman mýddesi... Ótemisting Ghayaz aghasy qazaq oqyghandaryn synauyn endi osylay úlastyrdy. Óz úsynysynyng dúrystyghyn dәleldeu jolynda ol qazaq qaryndastaryna senbestik kórsetuin jasyrmay aitqany óz aldyna, endi basqa ýgitke kóshkendey. Bәribir astarynda qazaqtyng federasiyashyldyghyna qarsylyghy kózge úryp túr. Obaly neshik, Múhammed-Fatyh myrza jaryssózge shyghyp, qazaq paydasyna biraz sóz aitqan. Lauazymdy zanger Jahanshah Dosmúhamedov myrza qalay dәleldi sóiledi. Bәlkim, sondyqtan da Ghayaz mәselege endi basqasha qyrynan kelgen shyghar. Áytse de...
Ótemis kýrsindi. Ghayaz myrzanyng oi-pikirleri bas qauashaghy ishinde nebir sumandaghan oy tolqyndaryn tughyzghan. Ókinishtisi, býkil músylman mýddesi týgil, býtin qazaq mýddesi haqynda qazaq oqyghandary oy biriktire almaghanyna kuә ghoy Ótemis. Olardyng is-әreketteri osynau tatar sayasy qayratkeri әm qalamgeri nazaryna ilikpey qalmaghan da...
Ziyalylar ishindegi ózi biletin, kópshilik moyyndaghan qos serkening – Baqytjan Qarataev pen Álihan Bókeyhanovtyng – júldyzy jaraspauy jayyna Ótemis qinala oy jýgirtti. Qansha ókpelegenmen, Ghayaz myrzanyng aiyptaularynyng jany da bar...
Ana jyly, jahandyq soghys bastalar qarsanda, músylman fraksiyasy shartaraptaghy diny túlghalar, pedagogter, zangerler, kósemsózshiler ishinen az ghana adam shaqyryp siyaz* ótkizuge rúqsat ala alghan. Sonda, sezge kelgen qazaqtar, óz mәselelerin ózara kelisip, ortagha shygharar aldynda ortaq pikir qorytyp alu ýshin, sezd ashylghangha deyin de, sezd júmysy jýrip jatqan kezde de údayy bas qosyp, kenes ótkizip túrdy.
*Ángime 1914 jylghy 15–25 mausymda Petrborda ótken músylman sezi jayynda.
Auyz toltyryp aitarlyq nәtiyjesi bolmaghan sol siyezde diny jinalystyng rólin kýsheytu jәne músylman din qyzmetshilerining hal-jaghdayyn, túrmys dengeyin jaqsartu kóbirek sóz bolghan edi. Ótemis Baqytjan súltan Qarataevtyng sonda jasaghan bayandamasyn eske aldy. Súltan qazaq oblystaryndaghy din isteri jayynda aitqan bolatyn. Ángimesin mәselening tauarihyn qosa bayan qylumen órip otyrghan-dy.
– Myrzalar, Ekinshi Ekaterina patshayym Orynbor diny jinalysyn ashugha rúqsat etken 1775 jyldy eske alynyzdarshy, – degen ol, – sol shaqta Orynbor mufiyligine qazaqtar da qaraghan-dy. Imperatrisa, barshanyz bilesiz, Orynbor men Troisk qalalarynda meshitter salghyzdy. Sol jayynda úly dalagha shekaralas ólkeni biyleytin әkimine qaratyp, arnayy pәrmen de shygharghan.
Sosyn patshayym jarlyghynyng mazmúnyna toqtaldy. Tórtinshi Memlekettik Dumadaghy Músylman fraksiyasynyng mýsheleri men olar shaqyrghan osynau mәjiliske qatysushylar jadtarynda ústasyn, Ekinshi Ekaterina Imperatrisa sondaghy Pәrmeninde Resey shekarasyna jaqyn kóship jýrgen kóshpendilerding orys memleketine qúrmetin ózining osynau meshitterdi olargha arnap arnayy salyp berui arttyratyn bolady dep atap kórsetken edi. Meshitter úly dala jazyghyn mekendeytin nomadtardy biyleuge iygi yqpal etedi, kóshpendi júrttar ishindegi búzyqtardyng týrli basbúzarlyghyn bolghyzbaugha septesedi, jaza qoldanudan da artyq yqpalyn tiygizedi degen.
Qarataev siyaz delegattaryn patshayym pәrmenindegi myna jәitterge oy jýgirtudi súraydy... Patshayym qyr tósinde aunap-qunap jýrgen «Qazaq ordalaryna músylman moldalaryn әdeyilep jiberip túruymyz – búl ólkeni iygeruge baghyttalghan isterimizge ólsheusiz zor payda tiygizer» degen ýmitin sezdirgen. Sol sebepti bizding tatar qaryndastarymyzdyng – Qazan noghaylarynyng diny qyzmetshilerin ýgittep, qazaq arasyna kóptep moldalar jiberudi baron IYgelistromgha ózining jarlyghynda múqiyat tapsyrghan.
Úly Ekaterina qazaqqa nege sonsha iyidi eken deysizder me? Áriyne, onyng memleket mýddesin, úly orys mýddesin kózdegen ishki esebi boldy.
Patshayymnyng qazaqtardy Orynbor diny jinalysyna qaratuy, tatar moldalaryn dalany jaylaghan auyldargha jiberui qazaq arasyna islam dinin taratudy kózdegendigi emes edi. Myrzalar, qazaq onsyz da músylman, Qazan shaharynan tatar moldalary at sabyltyp qyrgha kelip, qazaqtardy islamgha búrypty degendi osy otyrghan eshqaysysy esty qoymaghan bolar dep oilaydy bayandama jasap túrghan sheshen. Eshkim shәk keltirmesin, qazaq myng jyldan astam uaqyt boyy músylman. Úly Ekaterinanyng maqsaty Qazaq ordasy men Resey arasynyng jarasymdy boluyna qol jetkizu bolatyn. Solay etuge ol Qaharly Ioann zamanynan beri Reseyge qaratylghan tatar júrtynan senimdi degen diny qyzmetshilerdi kóshpendiler otanyna júmsaudy qosh kórgen. Týbi týrki, qazaq ózining qaryndasy dep biletin, orysqa adal tatardyng patshalyq mýddesi jolyndaghy qyzmetin paydalanugha tyrysu jón degen. Baron mynaghan nazar basa audarsyn degen patshayym: tatar moldalary Reseydi qazaqqa dos etip kórsetuge tyrysuy tiyis.
Mine, húkimet sharty osynday boldy. Húkimet shartynyng ýdesinen shyqqan, jaqsy qyzmet kórsetken tatar qyzmetshilerine jalpy aqshalay enbekaqy tóleudi, týrli marapat jasau jolymen údayy yntalandyryp otyrudy biylik eskeruge kerek. Patshayym IYgelistromgha osyny da múqiyat oilanynyz degen. Búl núsqau 1785 jyly bolghan edi. Jamandy-jaqsyly, biraz sharua tyndyrylghan. Qazaqqa da, tatargha da, din islamgha da jaman bolmaghan.
Sóitip jýrgende, 1860 jyly, Orynbor shekara basqarmasynda Iliminskiy degen chinovnik payda boldy. Missioner eken. Qazaqtar músylman emes degen tújyrymdy sol úsynypty. Onyng oiynsha, qazaq – shaman* yqpalyndaghy, әldebir tylsym kýshke senetin, dinsiz halyq kórinedi. Bekem ústanatyn dini joq bolghandyqtan da, qazaqtardy shoqyndyryp, pravoslaviyege ainaldyru bek onay depti. Húkimet ozbyrlaryna búl pikir mayday jaqqan. Qazaqtardyn Orynbor muftiyliginen shygharyluyna osy sebep boldy, músylman kenesine qatysushy myrzalar múny bilip qoysyn. Búl 1867 jylghy jәit.
* baqsy.
Qarataev súq sausaghyn bezedi:
– Sodan beri jarty ghasyrgha taqau ótipti, myrzalar! Nebir zor oqighalar boldy. Qazaq «elu jylda el jana» deydi. Elding osy elu jyldyq merzimde dúrys baghytta janaruyna ýles qosayyq!
Baqytjan súltan endi janaru baghytyn dәiekteuge kiristi. Qazaq ishinde, barshasyna mәlim, qazirgi zang bir bolys elge bir meshit pen bir molda ústaudy kóteredi. Biraq balalaryn din oqytylatyn mektep pen medresede tәrbiyeleuge beruge rúqsat joq. Dúrysynda, onday oqu orny da joq. Búl – jalpy ahual. Endi siyez delegattary sonyng ishine ýnilip bayqasyn...
– Molda, alda-jalda, músylmanshylyq jolmen is qaray bastasa, basy bәlege qaldy dey beriniz. Ákimshilik onday moldany әi-shәigha qaramastan ornynan týsiredi. Ornynan týsirip qoya salmaydy, abaqtygha jabady. Sotqa beredi. Húkimet sudiyasy isin qarap, jaza kesedi.
Tyndaushylary andaghan bolar, qazaq ishindegi moldanyng din zandary talabyna sәikes atqarar mindeti joq. Músylmandar arasyndaghy qúqyq búzushylyqtardy sharighat boyynsha jauapqa tartugha jol berilmeydi. Barlyq azamattyq jәne basbúzarlyq isterdi әkimshilik taghayyndaghan biyler qaraydy. Al olar ýkimderin qazaqtyng kóne әdet-ghúryp* kanony** boyynsha shygharugha tiyis. Húkimet ony narodnyy sud*** dep ataydy.
*daghdyly qúqyq, әdet qúqyghy.
**erejesi, qaghidasy.
***halyq soty.
Myrzalar bilsin, qazaqtyng imperiya qolastyna kirgenge deyingi biyler tandau jýiesi joyylghan. Ádil sózdi útymdy dәiekpen, tiri jandy tyrp etkizbestey etip aitugha qabileti bar daryndar búryn júrtshylyqqa tabighy jolmen tanylyp, biyge ylayyq tóbege shyghatyn. Halyq sondaylardy qúrmetteytin, ýkimine tәk túratyn. «Tura biyde tughan joq!» dep sýisinetin.
Osynau músylman siyazynyng aghzalary bilsin, qazaqtyng bayyrghy biylerinen búl kýnde júrnaq ta qalmaghan. Osynday qatal tújyrymyn ayan ete kele, Qarataev onyng qazirgi kórinisin sipattady.
– Biylerdi býginde is jýzinde әkimshilik taghayyndaydy! Olardy halyq soty dep dabyraytyp ataydy, biraq sol «halyq soty» jekelegen әkimderding júmsa júmyryghynda, ashsa alaqanynda...
Myrzalar kóz aldaryna mynany elestetip bayqasynshy: qazaqtyng dәstýrli biyler instituty patshalyq chinovnikteri yrqymen týrin de, mazmúnyn da ózgertip, tap-taza azghyndaugha úshyraghan. Orys patshalyghyna qaraghan tústaghy biylerding sanasyn kóne jarghy, halyqtyq әdet-ghúryp erejeleri jәne solardy әdilettilik tuyn joghary ústau orayynda qatang saqtau qajettigi biylemeydi. Kerisinshe, olardyng sanasyn qaytkende solardy – zandy da, zangha jýginushini de – ózining jeke mýddesine búryp alu joldary biyleydi. Býgingi biylerding qúlqynyn aqsha men dýnie tesken. Qaltang tesik bolsa – by aldynda shyndyqqa jetem dep ýmittenbe. Olardan әdilet degenning auyly mýldem alystap ketken. Qarataev әdet qúqyghynyng qazirgi tanda qazaq qoghamy ishinde әdilettilik ornatu yqtimaldyghyna senbeydi.
– Al imandylyqty, imanshartty olardan izdemey-aq qoyynyz. Ondaydy әkimder de qalamaydy. Qúdayy beruge rúqsat joq. Qazaqtar ishindegi qúqyqtyq ahualdyng osy qalypta qaluy qyrdaghy chinovnikterge de tiyimdi. Qazaqtar húkimetke neghúrlym tura, neghúrlym dostana bolsa da, húkimet olargha soghúrlym nashar ister qylady. Olardyng óz dinimen túruyna erik bermey, últtyq túrmystaryn sóndiruge hәm eptep ózge dinge salugha qarastyrady. Bizding tatar qaryndastar, bәlkim, qazaqtardy músylman dinine bauyrlastyra týser me edi, qayter edi. Biraq olar býginde qazaq arasyna ashyq kirmeydi. Óitkeni oghan biylik mýddeli emes.
Húkimetting osynday tútqan joly, Baqytjan súltannyng kәmil senimine qaraghanda, qazaq ishin qatty mazasyzdandyrghan, tynyshtyghyn alghan. Ákimshilikting búl isine, dala júrty mýddesine qayshy osy jolyna narazylyq eki jyl óter-ótpeste, 1869 jyly-aq boy kórsetip, ashyq shygha bastaghan-dy. Odan bergi qyryq jylda, bәribir, úly dala týlekterining diny isterin jaqsarta qoy niyeti biylik tarapynan sonshalyqty naqty qadamdarymen kórine qoyghan joq. Al múnday isterding qazaqtardy orystardan alystatugha aparary kәmil. Ondaydan últ namysy zorayady. Al ozbyr әkimshilik halyqtyng Reseyge degen narazylyghynyng ósuine ghana sebepker bolaryn әli oilar emes...
Bayandamashy qazirgi ahualgha sipattama jasady.
– Qazaqtyng bir bolys elining sandyq mólsheri Reseyding bir ýiez halqynday bolady, – dedi ol. – Bir bolysta túratyn qazaq sany myng jarymnan ýsh myngha deyin. Halyq shashyranqy ghúmyr keshedi. Bir birinen óte alysta, jalpaq dalagha tarap ketken. Sondyqtan da bir bolysqa bir meshit azdyq etedi, jetispeydi. Bes uaqyt namaz, júma namaz, basqa da namazdar oqu ýshin tús-tústan uaqtyly jinala almaydy, ol mýmkin de emes.
Búnday jaghdaydy jenildetu qajettigi anyq, oghan osy otyrghandardyng eshqaysysy da kýmәn keltirmeytinine bayandamashy qaltqysyz senedi. Alayda onday sharuagha húkimet qolghabys etpeydi. Húkimetting qolghabysy dep Qarataev búratana-bodandardyng tilegin zandastyryp berudi aitar edi. Ókinishti-aq, chinovnikter olardyng ótinishine qúlaq ta aspaydy. Sondyqtan, qazaqtar meshitterdi rúqsatsyz salugha kóshti. Olar jasyryn týrde, bir oryngha on meshitke deyin salyp jýr. Sonyng әleginen ýkimet pen júrtshylyq arasynda janjaldar shyghyp qaluda. Siyaz múny qaperge alsyn. Bir bolysta jýz shamaly molda bar, astyrtyn meshit-medrese kóbeydi. Qazirgi tanda әr oblysta mynnan asa meshit bar, qyr qazaqtary arasyna tatar diny qyzmetshileri de jyldan jylgha kóbirek kirude. Biraq húkimet púrsatynsyz qyzmet isteytindikten, qazaq arasyndaghy meshitter men medreselerding mýmkindikteri shekteuli.
– Al nomadtarda ynta-jiger jetip-artylady!
Bayandamashy serpile sóiledi. Ýkimetting qazaq balalaryn músylmandyqtan aiyrugha amal-ayla jasap jýrgeni kóshpendi júrtqa qúpiya emes. Óz jerinde din oquyn tereng oqyta almaytyndyqtan, olar balalaryn diny ghylym iyger dep búl kýnde shet jaqtargha attandyruda. Músylman fraksiyasy mýshelerine de, jan-jaqtan jinalghan delegattardyng birazyna da mәlim, qazaq jigitteri Búqara, Hiua, Orynbor, Qazanda oqyp jýr. Olar, tipti, Beyrut, Mediyne, Stambul, Mysyr sekildi alystaghy zor shәrlerge* ketti. Birtalayy elge oralyp ta ýlgerdi. Oqyp qaytqan song olar auyl-auyldarda jasyryn mektep-medreseler ashudy kýsheytti. Búl úmtylys әli de arta týsetin ynghayda.
*shaharlargha, qalalargha.
– Múnday hal-jaghday imperiya húkimetining 1860 jyldardan bastap qazaqtardy orysqa beyimdetu, kәdimgi, týri qazaq bolghanmen, jany orys adam jasau baghytyna kóshkendigi sebebinen bolsa kerek, myrzalar! – Súltan tyndaushylaryna jaghalay qarap shyqty. – Búl әnsheyin bir eleusiz hal emes. Búl óte qorqynyshty hal! Búl qazaqqa ghana emes, iysi músylmangha ghana emes, alyp Resey memleketi ýshin óte ziyandy hal!
Sóilemining songhy bólshegine ekpin qoya kele, sәl tynystady. Keudesin kere demalyp aldy da, shet aimaqtarda chinovnikter óktemdigimen múnday zalaldy hareket jasalyp jatqanyn húkimetting ózi de angharghanyn aitty.
Sosyn ol birinshi revolusiya kezinde imperator qolynan shyqqan, júrtshylyqqa jayly әser etken birer reskript* jayyn tilge tiyek etti. 18 hútta** ministrler kenesi tóraghasynyng atyna talap-tilek joldau qúqy berildi dedi ol, al 17 sәuirde din bostandyghy jariyalandy...
*monarhtyng ministrine oryndalugha mindetti naqty tapsyrma, mindet, qaghida tújyrylghan hat týrinde bergen akti.
**18 aqpanda.
Ótemisting kóz aldyna 1905 jyldyng jazynda ózi kuә bolghan jәne qatysqan oqighalar keldi.
– Aq patsha aghzamnyng múnday jarlyqtary el ishindegi tynyshsyz haldi jaylandyrugha sebepshi boldy. – Súltan Qarataev tynyshtalugha ne septeskenin atady. – Esterinizde, әriyne, Duhovnyy sobraniyadan*** qúr alaqan qalghan músylmandargha ruhany idara**** ashugha qolayly jaghday tughany taq biyiginen shyqqan qújattan anyq angharyldy.
Ras aitady, haq sóz. Ótemis ishtey quana maqúldap otyr. Qoyandydaghy ol kóshirisken petisiyada qyrgha diny erkindik kerektigi de aitylghan bolatyn. Al súltannyng ózi talay din qayratkerlerin bastap, Ekinshi Nikolay patshanyng qabyldauyna kirgen edi ghoy...
***Diny jinalystan.
****mekeme, kense.
– Myrzalar, qay-qaysymyz da týsinip túrmyz ghoy, – bayandamashy Qarataev basyn qaghazdan alyp, tyndaushylaryna sýzile qarady, – osynau músylmandardyng ruhany hal-jaghdayy jayynda kenesu jiylysyn ashugha rúqsat beruining ózi húkimetimizding kózi ashyla bastaghanyn kórsetedi.
Imperiya ýkimeti tarapyna búlaysha mýsirkegendey týrde sóz arnauyna júrttyng tanyrqap boluyn tospastan, ondaghy sharttylyqtardy taratyp ketti. Búl sharttylyq shartaraptan shaqyrylghan músylman delegattarynyng qaraytyn mәselelerining auqymy is jýzinde tek bir ghana mәselemen shektelgeninen kórinedi. Sonday-aq, kýlli imperiya músylmandarynan ókildik etip otyrghan osynau jiyrma-otyz adamdyq az shoghyr da biylik kózqarasynyng shuaghyna shomylyp túrmaghanyn anghartpay ma...
Býkil Resey músylmandary múqtaj isterin birlesip talqylap alu maqsatynda osy uaqytqa deyin tórt-bes sezd ótkizgen eken. Sonyng tek bireuine ghana rúqsat berilipti. Tómengi Novgorodta bolghan sol resmy qúryltaygha segiz jýzdey delegat kelgen edi, al odan keyingi resmy púrsat alghan, sodan toghyz jyl ótkende shaqyrylyp otyrghan osy siyezge Tómengiqaladaghydan jiyrma bes ese az ókil shaqyrugha ghana rúqsat etilgen. Qarataev múnda patsha ýkimetining әsire saq sayasaty jatyr dep esepteydi.
– Songhy jyldary húkimet músylmandardan, әsirese qazaqtardan sekem ala bastaghanday. Myrzalar, býkpeleytin nesi bar, ministrlikte otyrghandar býkil islam dinindegi reseylik bodandar birigip keter me eken dep seziktenedi. Qazaqpen birge kýlli músylman týrkileri birlesedi dep seziktenedi.
Resey memleketi sheginde bodan retinde tirshilik keship jýrgen jiyrma million músylmannan ýkimet nege qauip etedi eken? Qarataev múnday ahualdy jaqsy emes dep biledi. Osy jerde músylman qozghalysynyng kórnekti kóshbasyn eske almay túra almaysyn...
Sheshen kókiregi qars airyla, kýrsinip sóiledi:
– Músylmannyng Orys memleketine adaldyghyn ghúmyry boyy dәleldep kele jatqan, qandastaryn, dindesterin, barsha týrki qaryndastaryn «orys músylmandary» dep ataghan Ismail әpendim Gasprinskiy densaulyghy syr bergendikten, osy jolghy siyazymyzgha kele almady, búghan bәrimiz ókinemiz. Biraq biz ony dәl qazir de aramyzda dep úghayyq. Onyng ózimizge mәlim ósiyetterin este tútyp, ýstimizden tóngen kýdikti seyiltuge tyrysayyq.
IYә, aldaghy mindetti ol taghy da shegelep aitty. Múnday halden qútylu kerek. Biraq, qalay? Birinshi kezekte, әriyne, ózderi bas qosyp otyrghan osynau imperiya músylmandarynyng kenesu jiylysy patshalyqtyng ong isterine dem beretin, ókimetting búlardyng sharualaryn ynghaylauyna qolayly mәselelermen ainalyssyn. Búl rette Qarataev jinalystan qazaqtardyng Orynbor muftiyligine qosyludy tileytinin eskerudi súraydy. Búl rette myrzalar mynany qaperine alsyn: qazaqtar Orynbor muftiyatyna Úly imperatrisa Ekaterinanyng әmirimen búdan búryn da qaraghan, memleketke adal bodan bop qyzmet etu mýddesi taghy da solay etudi qalaydy...
Baqytjan myrza býgingi tanda әkimshilik qúzyryndaghy qazaq moldalary atqaryp otyrghan sharuany taghy bir tizbeledi. Olar shaghyn-aq. Neke qii, miras isin jýrgizu, din mektebindegi isterge ainalu. Muftiylikke ótkende din isterin, sonday-aq zeket, fidiya tәrizdi somalardy, sadaqalar mәselelerin retteytin tәrtippen qaraudy múrat etedi. Býginde sadaqalar orynsyz júmsalady. Muftiyatqa baghynghanda, ruhany idarada qyzmet etushi moldalardyng uәzipasyn, din mektepterining tәrbiyesin tezge salu qolayly bolar edi.
Resey músylmandary ýshin Petrborda bir diny mәrkez* ashu mәselesin de osy jiynda talqylap, bir sheshimge kelip alghan dúrys bolar edi. Kýllireseylik bir músylman mәrkezin ashyp alghan jaghdayda, ol bәrin biriktirip, olardyng jer-jerdegi múqtajdyqtaryn ýkimetke bilgizumen shúghyldanar-dýr.
*orda, ortalyq kense.
– Sonday bir qolayly, is qaraytyn oryn ashylsa, húkimet músylmandardy missionerlerding aituymen ghana bilip qoya salmay, bәlkim, óz auzymyzdan da estir, jaqynnan biler. Jaqsylap kóz salar. Bizding aramyzda tek islamshyl bop, húkimetke ziyan tiygizer týrde birigudi kózdeytin oidyng joqtyghyna kózderi jeter.
Sol kýni, sezde jasalghan ózge de bayandamalardan keyin ýzilis bolghanda, Baqytjan súltannyng kótergen mәseleleri qazaqtardyng ózara mәjilisinde talqygha týsti.
Songhy bes-alty jyl boyy Samarada túryp, bank statistiygi bolyp qyzmet atqaryp kele jatqan, byltyrdan beri «Qazaq» gazeti júmysyna belsene atsalysuy arqyly elge keng tanymal bolghan Álihan Bókeyhanov sol músylman sezine Semey oblysy qazaqtary atynan qatysyp otyrghan edi. Mine sol Álekeng jeke keneste:
– Baqytjan aghamyzdyng bayandamasyn qoldaugha bolmaydy, – dedi. – Qazaq óz qalpymen ómir sýruge tiyis, ony qaranghy músylmandyqqa mataudyng reti joq. Sharighat qazaqqa jýrmeydi. Qazaqtyng óz ghúryp-әdeti bar, soghan – әdet zanyna negizdelgen by soty bar. Qazir húkimet ony narodnyy sot dep jýr, qazaqqa sol sot jaraydy. Sharighat zany bizge kelmeydi, óitkeni qazaq músylman emes.
– Ne deyd?!
Álihannyng Baqytjan aghasy keudesin shoshyna kóterdi. Onyng janyna «qazaq músylman emes» degen sóz batyp ketken edi. Tap sol sóz jeke keneske qatysyp otyrghan on shaqty adamnyng eshqaysysyna da únaghan joq. Moldalar men ýlken kisiler Baqytjan súltandy qoldap, ýn qatyp, bas shayqap jatty:
– Múnday ghaybat sózden abay bolghan jón...
– Kóp bolsa jartysy músylman, – dedi Álihan, óz sózinen taymay. – Onyng ózi de dýbәrә músylmandyq. Eger ghúryp-әdet zany saqtalsa – qazaqqa payda, saqtalmasa – ziyan. Al sharighattyng zalaly aityp jetkizgisiz bolaryna kýmәn joq. Ony qazaq ómirine eshqashan kirgizuge bolmaydy.
Búdan ýsh jyl búrynghy búl әngime tek qazaq ókilderi arasynda ghana aitylghan bolatyn. Ótemisting anyq esinde, búl jәit sezding jalpy otyrysynda auyzgha alynghan joq. Al Ghayaz myrza sonda da, qazaqtardyng sol ózara jeke kenesinde pikirlesu retinde aitylghan, biraq kópshilik qoldauyn tappaghan, yaghny siyez minberinen estilmegen sózdi býgin betke basyp otyr. Qúddy Álihannyng búdan ýsh jyl búrynghy pikirin kýlli qazaq oqyghandaryna tanyp qaytalaytynday. Álde bir oraymen onyng sondaghy kórsetken kózqarasy jayynda estip alyp pa, әlde osynday pighylmen ómirde úshyrasqan ba eken...
Qalay bolghanda da, shynynda, sonday sózding ortagha tastalghanyna Ótemisting ózi kuә bolghan. Sol orayda qazaqtyng azattyq qozghalysynyng basynda túr dep sanalatyn qos serkesi ayaq astynan eki aiyryldy. Birine biri qayshy kelip, sonda edәuir sózge barysty. Ótemisting tap qazirgidey kóz aldynda – qayratty, qajyrly Bókeyhanovtyng pikirine saqal-múrty agharghan qart Qarataev súltan qatty renish bildirdi. Qatqyl ýnmen:
– Qazaq halqy haq músylman, – dep, ashuly keskinmen ornynan túryp ketti. – Qazaqtyng músylmandyghyna shýbә aitu oqyghan jigitke ylayyq emes, Álihan! – dedi ol sosyn. – Búghan deyin qazaq músylman emes dep aitushylar orystar edi. Endi oghan sen qosylghan ekensing ghoy!
Músylman qozghalysyna kópten atsalysyp jýrgen, júrtshylyqqa keninen tanymal, qazaqtyng dau-damaysyz eng birinshi kósh bastar túlghasy Baqytjan Qarataev kýiine sóiledi.
– Biraq qazaq halqy kóne ghúryp saltymen órilgen әdet zandaryn saqtaymyz, sonymenen ghamal qylamyz dep qor boldy. Ony húkimet te qoldady. Qazaq dau-sharghysyn әdet-ghúryp salty qalyptastyrghan qúqyq boyynsha sheshsin, hakim etu óz sotyna mindet bolsyn degen edi. Biraq bayaghy biylerding úshyghy da joq, әdil tóralik jasalmaydy. Bas adamdar jer-jerde by lauazymyn satyp berudi jýzege asyruda. Ghúryp-әdet qúqyghy degening ertegi bop ketti. Ádildik degening eleske ainaldy. Dúrystyq, shyndyq degening joq boldy. Osynday jaghdayda túrghan әdet qúqyghyn qúptasaq, húkimetpen joldas bolyp, qazaq qor bola bersin hәm dininen aiyrylsyn degenimiz bolyp shyghady!
Mәjiliste otyrghan qazaqtardyng bәri ony qoldady. Alghashqy Dumagha deputat bolghaly Petrborda túryp kele jatqan Sәlimgerey súltan Jantóriyn, Troiskide advokattyq qyzmet atqaratyn Jihansha Seydaliyn, Týrkistan ólkesinde isteytin zanger Serәli Lapiyn, Jayyq ónirining din qyzmetshisi Dosan molda Amanshiyn, Bayanauyl jaghynyng myrzasy Saduaqas Shormanov bәri әdet qúqyghynyng azyp bara jatqanyna mysaldar keltirip, Qarataevqa qoldau kórsetti. Biraq qyryq kisi bir jaq, qynyr kisi bir jaq degenning tura ózi boldy da qoydy. Bókeyhanov óz oiynan qaytpady. Óitkeni onyng da óz bayqaghany bar bolugha kerek, әiteuir Ótemis ishtey ony asa kinәlay qoymaghan. Biraq onyng pikiri jalan, naqty dәleli joq ekeni ayan-tyn. Soghan qaramastan:
– Qazaqtyng jartysy din ústamaytynyna senimim kәmil, myqtaghanda jartysy ghana músylman, – dedi ol bezerip, – men múny erteng músylman jinalysyna departament bastyghy Taranovskiy myrza qatysyp otyrghanda da aityp bere alamyn.
Júrt tym-tyrys bolyp qaldy. Qarataev qatty kýrsinip, qapaly ýnmen:
– Qazaqqa zalaldy, teris pikir tughyzatyn múnday orynsyz sózderdi din mәselesin qaraytyn húkimet chinovniygining kózinshe sóileu – qazaq halqyna zor qiyanat, hәm qazaqtyng shyn baqytsyzdyghy, – dep, qolyn jaydy.
Azyn-aulaq tosylys. Jantórin múrtynyng úzyn shalghysyn shirata otyryp, qysyq kózderin Bókeyhanovqa tastady.
– Múnday sózder aityp qazaqqa ziyan qylatynday esh ret joq, jalpy mәjilis kezinde búlay sóilemeniz, – dedi.
Osynsha orynsyz da aghat sózdi qaytalamauyn, onday kýmәndi, saldary jaman boluy yqtimal nәrseni әsirese ýkimet chinovniygi aldynda aitpauyn Bókeyhanovtan bәri ótindi.
Álihan rayynan qaytty, biraq әlgi pikirin músylman siezinde Taranovskiy joq kezde aityp qaluy yqtimaldyghyn jasyrmady. Ol Samarada túryp jatqanmen, dausy jerlesterine «Qazaq» gazeti arqyly jetip jatqanyn, sondyqtan da músylman siyezine solardyng ótinishimen kelgenin eske aldy. Osy siezge qatys dep ózine jedelhat salghan semeylikterding pikirin әli de súrastyratynyn, olargha músylmandyq haqyndaghy óz oiyn bayan qylatynyn aitty.
Degenmen jeke mәjilis sheshim shyghara aldy. Semey, Oral, Torghay, Aqmola oblystary Orynbor diny basqarmasyna qaraghany, al Týrkistan ólkesinde óz aldyna muftiylik ashylghany dúrys dep tabyldy. Qauly basym kópshilik dauyspen qabyldandy. Biraq Álekeng oghan moyynsúnatyn týr tanytpady...
Ótemis sondaghy jaghdaydy esine týsire otyryp, ózining ә degende Ghayaz Ishakiyding synyna ókpelegenining orynsyz ekenin oilady.
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Beybit Qoyshybaev
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