Songhy uaqyttarda,  Aziya men Europany baylanystyratyn qúrlyq jolynyng manyzy artuy nәtiyjesinde bәsekelestik artuda.　Qúrlyq joly, avtotransport, temirjol jәne memleketter ishindegi su joldary bolyp bólinedi. Avtojoldarynyng úzaq merzimdi ekonomikalyq jәne ekologiyalyq shyghyndary kóp, al ishki su joldarynyng synyrly boluy temirjoldardyng maghyzyn arttyruda. Sondyqtan bәsekelestik negizinen temirjoldar ýshin jýrip jatyr.

Songhy uaqyttarda,  Aziya men Europany baylanystyratyn qúrlyq jolynyng manyzy artuy nәtiyjesinde bәsekelestik artuda.　Qúrlyq joly, avtotransport, temirjol jәne memleketter ishindegi su joldary bolyp bólinedi. Avtojoldarynyng úzaq merzimdi ekonomikalyq jәne ekologiyalyq shyghyndary kóp, al ishki su joldarynyng synyrly boluy temirjoldardyng maghyzyn arttyruda. Sondyqtan bәsekelestik negizinen temirjoldar ýshin jýrip jatyr.

Aziya men Europany baylanystyratyn qúrlyq joly transporty bәsekelestigindegi basty oiynshylar Resey men EO. Týrkiya men Iran ekinshi dәrejedegi oiynshylar bolsa da Týrkiyanyng manyzy joghary. Óitkeni Aziya men Europany baylanystyratyn qúrlyq joly Reseydi ainalyp ótken jaghdayda Týrkiya territoriyasy arqyly ótui qajet. AQSh jәne basqa memleketter janama týrde bolsa da atalmysh jobadan ýlesterin alugha tyrysyp jatyr. Batys Europa memleketteri, Reseyding energetikalyq monopoliyasyn azaytu maqsatynda Europagha energetika tasmaldau joldaryn týrlendiruge tyrysuda. Sonymen qatar, tariyhqa kómilgen «Úly Jibek jolynyn» qayta jandanu sebebi, әlemdegi sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq kartanyng ózgeruimen baylanysty. Shyghys Aziya men Qytaydyng ekonomikalyq jandanuy, әlemdik ekonomikamen integrasiyalanuy jәne әlemdik sayasat salmaghynyng aqyryndap batystan shyghysqa auysuy búl ózgeristing birinshi sebebi bolyp tabylady. Ekinshiden Europa memleketterining úzaq soghystardan keyin Euroodaqty qúrugha qol jetkizdi. Búnyng nәtiyjesinde EO tyng әlemdegi manyzdy naryq ortalyghyna ainaldy. Mamandar Aziya men Europa arasyndaghy sauda jyl sayyn artyp jatqandyghyn algha tarta otyryp, aldaghy on jyl ishinde bir trillon AQSh dollarynan asatyndyghyna nazar audardy. Al, transporttan týsetin paydanyng elu millardtan seksen millard AQSh dollaryna shyghatyndyghy boljanuda. Ayta ketktin jәit, qazirgi tanda Aziya men Europa arasyndaghy transporttan týsken paydanyng barlyghy derlik teniz joly tasymaldaushylaryna aqtaryluda.

Kenes Odaghy tarap, Resey men Orta Aziya memleketterining de әlem ekonomikasyna integrasiyalanuy «jana jibek joly» pikirin kýsheytude. Óz kezeginde Resey energetika men qatar halyqaralyq tasmaldau naryghynda da manyzdy memleket retinde ortagha shyghudy kózdep otyr. Orta Aziya men basqa postkenestik memleketterinde Patshalyq Resey men Kenes Odaghy kezinde qúrylghan tasmaldau joldary Resey qalalary arqyly ótedi. Búghan Ázerbayjan men Resey múnayyn tasmaldaytyn transporttyq joldardy qosugha bolady. Postkenes memleketterindegi eski transporttyq joldar qazirshe jaramsyz jaghdayda bolsa da, temirjol tasymaly shyghyndarynyng az boluy, eki materik arasyndaghy temir jol transporty men «jana jibek joly» pikirin arttyruda.

Sondyqtan Resey tarapy ekonomikalyq jaghynan eng tiyimdi Aziya men Europany baylanystyratyn temirjol transportynyng Resey terretoriyasynan ótetinin algha tarta otyryp, Transsibiriya temir jolynyng Europa men Aziyany baylanystyratyn negizgi jol boluyn qoldap jatyr. Transsibira temirjoly shyghysta Qazaqstan arqyly Orta Aziya memleketterine deyin sozylsa, Qytay men Reseydi әri Mongholiya arqyly әri tikeley baylanystyruda. Al Ukraina men Belorusiya arqyly RF men Batys Europany baylanystyruda.

«Transsibiyr» temir joly Reseydi Europa men Aziya arasyndaghy qúrlyq jolynyng basty manapoliyasy boluyn qamtamasyz etedi. Búl jaghday Reseyding energetikalyq manapoliyasynan qútylugha tyrysyp jatqan EO pen qatar, Týrkiya men Irannyng mýddesine qayshy. Sondyqtan EO RF men Irandy ainalyp ótetin «TRASESA» jobasyn qarastyruda. TRASESA Gruziyadan bastalyp, Armeniya men Azerbayjan arqyly Kaspiy tenizinen ótip Europany Orta Aziya memleketterimen  baylanystyrady. Bastapqyda Týrkiyany qapsamaytyn búl joba turaly kelissózder sәtsizdikke úshyraghannan keyin, Resey men Týrkiyany «jaghalap» ótetindey etip qayta jasaluda.

Týrkiya atalmysh joba boyynsha manyzdy rolge ie bolsa da, qazir útymdy jaghdayda emes. Eger Reseyding óz jobasy boyynsha jýrgizip jatqan belsendi sayasaty EO tarapynan qabyldansa Týrkiyanyng Europa men Aziyany «baylanystyrushy» bolu ýmiti bosqa ketedi. Sondyqtan Týrkiyanyng jaghdayy EO memleketterining ústanymyna baylanysty. Ayta ketetin jәit, atalmysh mәselede Iran men Týrkiyanyng mýddeleri toghysuda. Óitkeni Irannan bastalghan jol Europagha jetu ýshin Týrkiya territoriyasy arqyly ótui qajet. Biraq Reseyden bastau alghan temir jol baghdary Kaspiiyding jaghalauymen Qazaqstan men Týrkmenstan territoriyalary arqyly Iran búghazyna deyin baratyn bolghandyqtan Irannyng Resey jobasynda da oryn alu yqtimaldylyghy joghary.

Qazirgi tanda Týrkiya Baku Tibilisy Kars jobasyna qoldau kórsetip jatyr. Biraq mamandar Týrkiyanyng tek atalmysh jobamen ghana halyqaralyq tasmaldaushy dengeyine kóterile almaytyndyghyn algha tarta otyryp, Ankara ýkimetining Resey, Orta Aziya jәne EO memleketterimen qúrlyq joly tasmaldau jobalarynda belsendi júmys jasauyn jәne temirjoldaryn modernizasiyalaudy úsynuda.

Qazaqstannyng geosayasy jәne ekonomikalyq mýmkindigin arttyratyn «Jana Úly jibek joly» ýshin Qazaqstan da belsendi sayasat jýrgizui qajet. Reseyding de Euro Odaqtyng da jobalary Qazaqstan territoriyasynan ótetin bolghandyqtan Qazaq ýkimeti eng tiyimdisin qoldaugha tyrysady. Degenmen keleshekte Reseyden tәuelsiz ekonomikalyq jәne syrtqy sayasat jýrgizu mýmkindigin arttyru ýshin EO qoldap otyrghan «TRASESA» jobasyn qoldaghany jón siyaqty.

Dinmúhamed Áripbaev,   Stambúl, Týrkiya

DaniyarQosnazarov, Tsukuba, Japoniya

«Abay-aqparat»