Qazaqtyng bas aqyny Abay (shyn aty Ibrahiym) Qúnanbaev. Onan asqan búrynghy-songhy zamanda qazaq balasynda biz biletin aqyn bolghan joq. Aqmola, Semey oblystarynda Abaydy bilmeytin adam joq. Aqmolamen sybaylas Torghay oblysynda Abaydy biletin adam kem, qúty, joq dep aitsa da bolarlyq. Olay boluy sózi basylmaghandyqtan, Abaydyng sózderi kitap bolyp basylyp shyqqansha Abaydyng aty da, sózi de Torghay oblysynda estilmeushi edi. Aqmola, Semey oblystarynda Abaydyng atyn, sózin estimedim degenge nedәuir tanyrqap qalady. Men eng әueli Aqmola oblysyna barghanymda Abaydy bilmegenime, sózin estigenim joq degenime tanyrqap qalushy edi.

Qay jerde aqyndar jayynan ya aqyndardyng sózderi jayynan әngime bolsa, Abaydyng sózin maqtamaytyn adam bolmady. Abaydyng sózin kórmey túrghanda, maqtaghandaryna senbey, qazaq ýkilegen óz qúnanyn ózgelerding túlparynan artyq kóretin minezi bolushy edi, maqtap otyrghan Abayy bizding Ábubәkir, Seydahmet, Aqmoldalarymyz syqyldy bireu ghoy dep jýrdim.

Qazaqtyng bas aqyny Abay (shyn aty Ibrahiym) Qúnanbaev. Onan asqan búrynghy-songhy zamanda qazaq balasynda biz biletin aqyn bolghan joq. Aqmola, Semey oblystarynda Abaydy bilmeytin adam joq. Aqmolamen sybaylas Torghay oblysynda Abaydy biletin adam kem, qúty, joq dep aitsa da bolarlyq. Olay boluy sózi basylmaghandyqtan, Abaydyng sózderi kitap bolyp basylyp shyqqansha Abaydyng aty da, sózi de Torghay oblysynda estilmeushi edi. Aqmola, Semey oblystarynda Abaydyng atyn, sózin estimedim degenge nedәuir tanyrqap qalady. Men eng әueli Aqmola oblysyna barghanymda Abaydy bilmegenime, sózin estigenim joq degenime tanyrqap qalushy edi.

Qay jerde aqyndar jayynan ya aqyndardyng sózderi jayynan әngime bolsa, Abaydyng sózin maqtamaytyn adam bolmady. Abaydyng sózin kórmey túrghanda, maqtaghandaryna senbey, qazaq ýkilegen óz qúnanyn ózgelerding túlparynan artyq kóretin minezi bolushy edi, maqtap otyrghan Abayy bizding Ábubәkir, Seydahmet, Aqmoldalarymyz syqyldy bireu ghoy dep jýrdim.

1903-shi jyly qolyma Abay sózderi jazylghan dәpter týsti. Oqyp qarasam, basqa aqyndardyng sózindey emes. Olar sózinen basqalyghy sonsha, әuelgi kezde jatyrqap, kópke deyin tosansyp otyrasyn. Sózi az, maghynasy kóp, teren. Búryn estimegen adamgha shapshang oqyp shyqsan, týsinip, kóbining maghynasyna jete almay qalady. Kóp sózderin oilanyp daghdylanghan adamdar bolmasa, myng ara oqysa da týsine almaydy. Ne maghynada aitylghany bireu bayandap úqtyrghanda ghana biledi.Sondyqtan Abay sózderi jalpy adamnyng týsinuine auyr tiyetini ras. Biraq ol auyrlyq Abaydyng aita almaghanynan kemshilik emes, oqushylardyng týsinerlik dәrejege jete almaghanynan bolatyn kemshilik. Olay bolghanda, aiyp jazushyda emes, oqushyda. Ne nәrse jayynan jazsa da Abay týsindirip, tamyryn, ishki syryn, qasiyetin qarmay jazady. Onyng syryn, qasiyetin bilip jazghan son, sózining bәri oqulyqqa tirelip, oqushylardyng bilimine syn bolyp tabylady. Oqushy sózdi synasa, sóz oqushyny da synaydy. Abay sózi zamanyndaghy aqyndardan oqshau, olar sózinen ýzdik, artyq. Ol oqshaulyq, basqa aqyndardan Abaydyng jalghyz sózinde ghana emes, ózinde de bolghan. Abaydyng qanday bolghanyn kózben kórmesek te, kórgenderding aituynan bilemiz. Sózining qanday ekendigin sóilegen son, ózining de qanday ekenin aityp,týsindirip ótkenimiz teris bolmas.

Abay Semey oblysynyng qazaghy, ruy Tobyqty. Úly atamyz  Yrghyzbay Torghay oblysyndaghy Yrghyz degen ózen boyynda tughan eken. Yrghyzbay halqynyng qolbasy batyry, el aghasy by eken. Tobyqtynyng aimaghy az kezinde Týrki hannan elin ertip auyp kelip, Shynghys tauy malgha enipti  dep, qonys etken eken. Kishi atasy Óskenbay by el arasynda ghadil by atanghan. Óz eli týgil, basqa alys elder de aralaryndaghy zor daularyn Óskenbay biyding júrtyna kelip bitisedi eken. Óz әkesi Qúnanbay júrt auzynda qazaqtyng bas adamdarynyng biri bolghan. Qazaqty biyler biylep, súltandardar tórelerden qoyylyp túrghan zaman, solarmen talasyp, qaradan súltan bolghan adam eken. sheshesi Úljan bәibishe Qarqaraly uezindegi Ábdirey, Tyrjyq degen jerdegi Qarakesekting Boshan ruynan, Bertis túqymynan. Sheshe túqymy kýldirgi, qaljyn, әzilge Qantay, Tontay degen kýlkimen sógip, qaljynmen kiyip, aty shyqqan adamdar nәsilinen. Tontay maldy adam eken. Auyrghanda ózgelerden góri qoja, moldalar jiyirek súraytynyn bayqap jýredi eken. Óler joly kelip, auyryp jatqanda moldalar kónilin súray kelip otyrghanynda aitqan: «Bayaghydan beri jazyla-jazyla qoja, moldalardan da úyat boldy, endi ólmese bolmas», - dep.

Abay 1845-shi jyly tughan. Jyly jylan eken. Ibrahim degen atyn búzyp, Abay dep at qoyghan sheshesi eken. Sheshesining sýiip qoyghan aty el arasynda shyn atynan kóbirek aitylady. Abay 10 jasynan 13 jasqa sheyin qyrda músylmansha oqyghan. 13 jasqa shygharda Semeyde Ahmed Rizanyng medresesinde oqyghan. Medresede oqyp jýrgende 3 aiday oryssha da oqyghan. 4 jyl músylmansha oqyp, 3 ay oryssha oqyp, sonymen oqudy qoyghan. 15 jasynda-aq, balalyq qylmay, ýlkenderding qataryna kire bastaghan. Qazaqty mengerip, halyqqa arany jýrip túrghan tórelermen әkesi Qúnanbay talasqanda, Abay әkesine seriktikke jaray bastaghan. 20 jasynda el ishindegi belgili bir shesheni atana bastaghan. Zerektikpen estigenin úmytpaghan. El ishindegi saqtalghan qazaqtyng búrynghy ótken biylerining biyligi, sheshenderining sóilegen sózi, kósemderding istegen isi, ýlgili sózder, únasymdy әzilder, maqaldar, mysaldar siyaqty nәrselerdi Abay kóp biledi eken.

Zaman búrynghyday bolsa, Abay alashtyng ataqty biylerining biri boluy shýbәsiz. Bilimmen by bolyp, júrt biyleytin zaman ótip, tasyng (taspen) by bolatyn zamangha qarsy tughan. Bilimi kópter júrt biylemey, maly kópter júrt biyleytin zamangha qarsy tughan. Abay júrt aldyna bilimin salghanda, basqalar malyn salghan, júrttyng beti malgha auyp, el biyligi Abay qolyna erkin tiymegen. «Bilimnen mal artyq bolushy ma edi», - dep, Abay júrttyng onysyna kónbey, talasqan. Sóitip, partiya  alanyna kirip ketken, óner, bilimin partiya isine salghan. Bilimining qyzyghyn jalghyz ghana Tobyqtylar kórip, basqalargha paydasy tiymey, bolystyqqa qúmar kóp qazaqtyng biri bolyp, bәlki, sol kýiimen ólip te ketui yqtimal edi. Qazaqtyng baghyna, onday boludan Qúday saqtaghan. 80-shi jyldarda jer audarylyp barghan Mihaelis degen bir bilimdi kisimen, qazaq ghúrpyndaghy qaghidalardy jiigha elge shyqqan Gross degen ekeuimen Abay tanys bolghan. Búlar Abaydikine qonaqqa kelip-ketip jýrgen. Abaydyng tegin adam emes ekenin bayqap, olar bolystyqtan góri jaqsyraq nәrse barlyghyn Abaygha sezdirgen. Abayday zerek adamgha jón siltese bolghany, onan arghysyn ózi izdeydi.

Olar orystyng ataqty aqyndary Pushkiyn, Lermontov, Nekrasov barlyghyn, qara sózdi kelistirip jazghysh Tolstoy, Saltykov, Dostoevskiy barlyghyn, sóz synshysy Dobrolubov, Pisarev barlyghyn Abaygha bildirgen kitaptarymen tanystyrghan. Óleng jazyp Pushkiyn, Lermontov, Nekrasovtar qazaqtyng bi, bolystarynan góri qadirli ekendigin Abaygha týsindirgen. Ghylymdy óleng jazu, sóz jazu naghyz qadirli isting biri ekenin Abay endi úqqan. Aqyndyq, ólenshilik el kózine qadirsiz ol kemshilik aqyndyq pen ólenshilikte emes, aqyndyq psn ólenshilikti ornyna júmsamaghandyqta ekendigin, ólenshilikti qazaq aqyndary, ólenshileri qayyrshy, tilenshilik oryngha júmsaghannan ólenning qadiri ketetinin Abay әbden bilgen son, óleng jazugha týsken.

Abay jas kýninde kýlki ýshin qaljyng ólender, qyzdargha ólender jazghan, eseygen song arlanyp, tastaghan Mihaelis pen Grossqa kez bolmasa, sol kýiimen keter edi. Qanday ýlgili, qanday maghynaly, qanday tereng sózder jerge kómiler edi?! Abay sózderi- qazaqqa zor baq. Betin týzep, jóndegisi kelgen  kisilerge de, siltegen joldy ylaqpay túp-tura tapty, adamgha da qazaq balalary talay alghys berer. Orys adamdarymen tanysyp, óleng orny qayda ekenin bilgennen keyin, Abay ólenge basqa kózben qarap, basqa qúrmetpen, kózqaraspen kýtip alyp, tor týgil, taqtan oryn bergen. Biraq sózden ólenning taqqa mingendey artyqshylyghy qansha ony da kórsetip, aityp qoyghan. Aytushy men tyndaushy kóbi nadan bolghandyqtan, óleng bolyp aitylyp, jýrgenderding kóbi óleng emes ekendigi, óleng jaman bolsa da, kelistirip jazushylary ishinde biren-sarang ekendigi, júrt maghynaly, manyzdy, tereng maghyna joq, manyz joq, jeldey gulep, qúlaqqa únamsyz tiyip óte shyghatyn jenil sózderdi tyndaugha qúmar Abaydyng óleng jayyn jazghan sózderinde kórsetilgen.

Sonymen  Abaydyng synshylyghy, óleng jaqsy bolugha neden ekendigigin biletini de kórinip túr. Sóz jazatyn adam әri jazushy, әri synshy bolargha kerek. Sózding shyrayly, ajarly boluyna oidyng sheberligi kerek; únamdy, oryndy, dәmdi boluyna synshylyq kerek; maghynaly, manyzdy boluyna bilim kerek. Abayda osy ýsheui de bolghan. Búlardyng ýstine, Abay kósem, ýlgi shygharyp, ónege jayghysh bolghan. Abayda óleng sózding neshe týrli ýlgisi, órnegi tabylady. Ol órnekterdi oidan shygharmay, orystan alsa da, orys ólenderining órnekteri qazaq tiline jaraytyndyghyn bastap kórsetkeni de zor kósemdik. Abay óleng jaqsy bolugha kerek sharttardyng bәrin bilgen. Sondyqtan óleni qay tarapynan da bolsa tolyq. Jalghyz-aq mini bar. Ol min - óleng bunaqtary tekserilip ornyna qoyylmaghandyq. Onyng oqyghanda ya әnge salyp aitqanda kemshiligi zor bolady. Dauystyng aghynyn búzyp, ólenning ajaryn ketiredi, mysaly, tóselip, jelip kele jatyp shoqytyp ketken siyaqty, taypalyp jorghalap kele jatyp tekirektep ketken siyaqty. Búl kemshilikti týzetuge bolady. Ólenning ýsh buyndy bunaqtary men tórt buyndy bunaqtary almasyp ketken jerlerin alyp, óz oryndaryna qoysa, týzeledi. Múnan basqa Abay ólenderinde min bar dep óz basym aita almaymyn. Keybireulerding aitatyn «auyrlyghy bar» degen sózder, ol ólenning qisynyn keltire almaghannan emes, órnegining janalyghynan, qazaq ólenderining daghdyly týrinen basqaraq bolghan son, oqushylar jattyqqansha jatyrqaydy. Sonan ghana auyr siyaqty kórinedi.

Abaydyng ózi teksergish bolghan son, onyng ólenin tekserip, qata shygharyp eshkim jaryta almaydy. Abaydyng qanday synshy, sóz teksergish ekendigin tómendegi sózinen bayqaugha bolady:

Óleng - sózding patshasy, sóz sarasy,

Qiynnan qiystyrar er danasy.

Tilge jenil, jýrekke jyly tiyip,

Tep-tegis, júmyr kelsin ainalasy.

Bóten sózben bylghansa sóz arasy,

Ol - aqynnyng bilimsiz bisharasy.

Aytushy men tyndaushy kóbi nadan,

Búl júrttyng sóz tanymas bir parasy.

Áueli ayat, hadis - sózding basy,

Qosarly beyitsymal keldi arasy.

Qisynymen qyzyqty bolmasa sóz,

Nege aitsyn Payghambar men ony Allasy.

Meshitting qútpa oqyghan ghúlamasy,

Minәjat uәliylerding zarnalasy.

Bir sózin bir sózine qiystyrar,

Árbiri kelgeninshe óz shamasy.

Ólenge әrkimnin-aq bar talasy,

Sonda da solardyng bar tandamasy.

Ishi altyn, syrty kýmis sóz jaqsysyn

Qazaqtyng kelistirer qay balasy?

Búrynghy eski biydi túrsam barlap,

Maqaldap aitady eken sóz qosarlap.

Aqyndary aqylsyz, nadan kelip,

Kór-jerdi óleng qypty joqtan qarmap.

Qobyz ben dombyra alyp topta sarnap,

Maqtau óleng aitypty әrkimge arnap.

Ár elden ólenmenen qayyr tilep,

Ketirgen sóz qadirin júrtty sharlap.

Mal ýshin tilin bezep, janyn jaldap,

Mal súrap bireudi aldap, bireudi arbap,

Jat elde qayyrshylyq qylyp jýrip,

Óz elin bay dep maqtar, Qúday qarghap.

Qayda bay, maqtanshaqqa barghan tandap,

Jisa da bay bolmapty qansha maldy ap.

Qazaqqa óleng degen bir qadirsiz,

Byljyraq kórinedi solardy andap.

Eski biyshe otyrman bos maqaldap,

Eski aqynsha mal ýshin túrman zarlap.

Sóz týzeldi, tyndaushy, sen de týzel!

Senderge de keleyin endi ayandap.

Batyrdy aitsam el shauyp alghan talap,

Qyzdy aitsam, qyzyqty aitsam qyzdyrmalap,

Ánsheyin kýn ótkizbek әngimege

Tyndar eding әr sózin myngha balap.

Abaydyng asylyn tanyp, dúrys bagha bergen nәrsesi jalpy  óleng emes, kóp nәrseni Abay sóz qylghan; sol sózderining ishinde Abaydyng әr nәrsening asylyn tanyghany, bilgeni kórinedi. Abaydyng ólenderi qazaqtyng basqa aqyndarynyng óleninen ýzdik artyqtyghy әr nәrsening bergi jaghyn almay, arghy asylynan qarap sóilegendikten. Basqa aqyndardyng sózge sheberligi, sheshendigi Abaydan kem bolmasa da, bilimi kem bolghandyghy dausyz. Abay sózinen Ábubәkirding «shaydy, kebisti әrkim tútynyp ketkeni asyldy qorlau boldy» dep qayghyrghan sózderi tabylmaydy. Basqa aqyndar az bilimin sózding ajarymen toltyrugha tyrysqan. Abay sózding ajaryna qaramay, sypayylyghyna qaramay, әr nәrsening bar qalybyn sol qalybynsha dúrys aitudy sýigen. Mysaly, «Attyng syny» degen óleninde sypayyshylyq jýzinen qúlaqqa jaghymsyz tiyetin sәzder bar; biraq attyng synyna kerek mýsheleri bolghan son, olaryn aitpasa, attyng syny tolyq bolyp shyqpas edi. Abaydyng «Attyng syny» degen ólenin oqyghanynda, kóz aldynda sol jaqsy attyng ózi túrghanday, pishini kelip elesteytini, jaqsy atqa bitetin mýshelerding birin qaldyrmay jazghandyqtan. Abay kóp nәrseni bilgen, bilgen nәrselerin jazghanda, «mynau halyqqa týsinuge auyr bolar, mynanyng sypayyshylyqqa kemshiligi bolar» dep, tayaqtan tartynbaghan. Haqiqatty haqiqat qalybynda, terendi tereng qalpynda jazghan. Haqiqatty tanugha, terennen sóileuge, boyyna bitken zerektikting ýstine, Abay әrtýrli Europa bilim iyesilerining kitaptaryn oqyghan. Tәrjima halin, jazushy Ghalihan Bókeyhanovtyng aituyna qaraghanda, Abay Spenser, Luiys, Dreper degen Europanyng tereng pikirli adamdarynyng kitaptaryn oqyghan. Óleng jazushylardan orystyng Lermontov degen tereng pikirli aqynynyng ólenderin sýiip oqyghan. Sondyqtan Abaydyng tereng pikirli sózderin qarapayym júrttyng kóbi úgha almay, auyrsynady. Abaydyng ólenderin myng qaytara oqyp, jattap alyp jýrgen adamdardyng da Abaydyng keybir ólenderining maghynasyn týsinip jetpey jýrgenderin bayqaghanym bar, qúty, osynyng maghynasy ne dep súraghandary da bar. Sol ólendi alyp qarasaq, aitylghan pikirde, ol pikirdi sózben kelistirip aituynda esh kemshilik joq. Týsine almasa, ol kemshilik oqushyda. Sonday týsinuge qiyn kóretin sózderining biri mynau:

Kók túman aldyndaghy keler zaman,

Ýmitti sәule etip kóz kóp qadalghan.

Kóp jyldar kóp kýndi aidap kele jatyr,

Sipat ta, suret te joq, kózim talghan.

Ol kýnder ótken kýnmen bәribir bos,

Keler, keter, artyna iz qaldyrmas.

Sonyng biri - arnauly tausynshyq kýn,

Arghysyn bir-aq Alla biledi ras.

Aqyl men jan - men ózim, tәn - meniki,

«Meni» men «menikinin» maghynasy - eki.

«Men» ólmekke taghdyr joq әuel bastan,

«Meniki» ólse, ólsin, oghan beki!

Shyraqtar, yntalaryng «menikinde»,

Ton qúmaryn izdeysing kýnde-týnde.

Ádilettik, arlylyq, mahabbat pen -

Ýy joldasyng qabirden әri ótkende.

Adam ghapyl dýniyeni der «meniki»,

«Meniki» dep jýrgenning bәri onyki.

Ton qalyp, mal da qalyp, jan ketkende,

Sonda, oila, bolady ne seniki?

Mazlúmgha janyng ashyp, ishing kýisin,

Hareket qyl, paydasy kópke tiysin.

Kópting qamyn әuelden

Tәniri oilaghan,

Men sýigendi sýidi dep iyeng sýisin.

Kópting bәrin kóp deme, kóp te bólek:

Kóp it jenip, kók itti kýnde jemek.

Ghadәlet pen marhamat - kóp azyghy,

Qayda kórsen, bolyp baq soghan kómek.

Árkimning maqsaty óz kereginde,

Bile almadym pysyghyn, zeregin de.

Sayaz jýzer sayqaldar ghapyl qalar,

Haqiqat ta, din daghy tereninde.

1897-shi jyl.

Abaydyng osy sózining dúrys emes, qate aitylghan, teris aitylghan, júmbaq qylyp, ashpay aitylghan esh nәrsesi joq. Ishide dúrys, týzu, tiyisti ornynda aitylghan sózder. Oghan oqushylar týsinbese, ol Abaydyng ýzdik ilgeri ketip, oqushylary shanyna ere almaghanyn kórsetedi.

Abaydy qazaq balasy tegis tanyp, tegis bilu kerek. Abaydyng sózderi 1909-shy jyly kitap bolyp basylyp shyqty. Biraq  júrtqa taramay jatyr. Basylghan kitap Aqmolada, Semey bolysynan basqa oblystargha taralmay jatqany kisi tang qalarlyq is. Abaydyng sózin Semey lәpkesine qamap, jasyryp qoymay, kily qazaq balasy bar ualayattardaghy kitap satushylardyng bәrining de magazinderinde jýrgizu kerek edi. Abaydy qolymyzdan kelgen qadarly júrtqa tanytu ýshin múnan bylay keybir ónegeli, órnekti sózderin gazetagha basyp, kópke kórsetpekshimiz.

«Qazaq» gazeti

1913 jyl.