Qantardyng 17-si kýni QR Preziydenti Qazaqstanda Núrsúltan Nazarbaev Ishki ister ministrligining alqa otyrysynda: «Qazaqstangha zansyz kelgen shetel azamattaryn shygharu men olargha qatysty qatang shara qoldanudyng tetigi jasaluy tiyis. Bizding azamattarymyzdyng mýddeleri alghashqy orynda túrady. Álemning kóptegen elderi zansyz kóshi-qongha qatysty qatang sharalardy qolgha aluda, solardan ýirenu kerek», - degen bolatyn. Sonymen qatar Elbasy kóshi-qon polisiyasynyng aldynda ýlken mindetter túrghanyn, әsirese ishki kóshi-qon mәselesin esten shygharmaudy eske saldy. Búl mәsele bekerden-beker tuyndap otyrghan joq. Býginde Qazaqstangha syrttan júmys isteuge keletin kórshi elderding azamattary kóbeyip ketkeni bayqalady. Onyng ýstine, auyldan qalagha aghylatyn aghayynnyng sany artty. Olardyng júmys tabu, baspanaly boluy óz aldyna kýrdeli mәsele. Sondyqtan syrttan keletin kóshti de, ishkisin de retteu býginde deputattar, mamandar talqylap jatyr. Osyghan oray, «Ýsh qiyan» gazeti elimizdegi kóshi-qon sayasaty qalay rettelip jatyr, migrasiyalyq auytqular bar ma degen súraqtar tónireginde mamandardyng pikirin alghan edi. Sony nazarlarynyzgha úsynamyz.

Jarasbay SÝLEYMENOV, QR Parlamenti Mәjilisining deputaty:

Qantardyng 17-si kýni QR Preziydenti Qazaqstanda Núrsúltan Nazarbaev Ishki ister ministrligining alqa otyrysynda: «Qazaqstangha zansyz kelgen shetel azamattaryn shygharu men olargha qatysty qatang shara qoldanudyng tetigi jasaluy tiyis. Bizding azamattarymyzdyng mýddeleri alghashqy orynda túrady. Álemning kóptegen elderi zansyz kóshi-qongha qatysty qatang sharalardy qolgha aluda, solardan ýirenu kerek», - degen bolatyn. Sonymen qatar Elbasy kóshi-qon polisiyasynyng aldynda ýlken mindetter túrghanyn, әsirese ishki kóshi-qon mәselesin esten shygharmaudy eske saldy. Búl mәsele bekerden-beker tuyndap otyrghan joq. Býginde Qazaqstangha syrttan júmys isteuge keletin kórshi elderding azamattary kóbeyip ketkeni bayqalady. Onyng ýstine, auyldan qalagha aghylatyn aghayynnyng sany artty. Olardyng júmys tabu, baspanaly boluy óz aldyna kýrdeli mәsele. Sondyqtan syrttan keletin kóshti de, ishkisin de retteu býginde deputattar, mamandar talqylap jatyr. Osyghan oray, «Ýsh qiyan» gazeti elimizdegi kóshi-qon sayasaty qalay rettelip jatyr, migrasiyalyq auytqular bar ma degen súraqtar tónireginde mamandardyng pikirin alghan edi. Sony nazarlarynyzgha úsynamyz.

Jarasbay SÝLEYMENOV, QR Parlamenti Mәjilisining deputaty:

- Qazir Mәjiliste Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng "Kóshi-qon turaly" Zanynyng jobasy tal-qylanyp jatyr. Deputattardyng talqysyna týskenine biraz uaqyt boldy. Kóshi-qon mәselesin qaraytyn qúzyrly organ Ishki ister ministrligi qúramyna berildi. Búryn Enbek jәne әleumettik qorghau ministrligining qarauynda bolatyn.
Qarastyryp jatqan zang jobasynyng basty ereksheligi, aiyrmashylyghy - búryn bizde oralmandar turaly zang bolsa, qazirgisinde ishki kóshi-qongha nazar audarylyp otyr. Songhy uaqytta elimizde qalyptasqan jaghdaygha baylanysty ishki kóshi-qondy retteuding manyzy artty. Respublika túrghyndarynyng el ishinde qonystanuy, kóship-qonuy zang túrghysynda qarastyrylyp jatyr. Deputattar tarapynan týsip jatqan úsynystar óte kóp. Úsynystar qaralyp, naqty sheshimder qabyldandy, aldaghy bir ay ishinde osy zang jobasyn Mәjilisting jalpy otyrysynyng qarauyna úsynamyz.
Jalpy elimizdegi kóshi-qon mәselesi asa kýrdelenip, iygere almay otyrghanymyz joq. Áriyne ishki kóshi-qondy retteu kerek. Óitkeni, býginde halyq ta bir jerde júmys jasap, ekinshi jerge auysyp jýretin jaghday kóp. Tirkeu mәselesine kelgende deputattar arasynda týrli pikir boldy. Keybireuler tirkeu jaghyn qataytudyng keregi joq dese, keybiri qoldamaydy. Óitkeni, tәrtip boluy kerek, halyqtyng qayda, nemen ainalysyp jýrgenin bilu kerek deydi. Sosyn syrttan kelgen adamdardy shekaradan ótkizgennen keyin qalay, ne istep jýrgenin baqylap otyrudy qalaytyndar bar. Búl mәsele turasynda naqty sheshim aitu qiyn, biraq deputattar múqiyat talqylap, naqty sheshim qabyldaydy dep oilaymyn.
Enbek migrasiyasy da jiti nazarymyzda. Shetelden elimizde jetispey jatqan mamandar kelse, onda olargha jaghday jasap, jol ashu kerek. Al eki qolgha bir kýrek dep keletinderdi shektegen dúrys siyaqty. Óz elimizde de júmyssyz jýrgen azamattar jeterlik. Eng aldymen solardy júmyspen qamtamasyz etip, jaghdayyn jaqsartuymyz kerek. Esepsiz, toqtausyz kelip jatqandar enbek rynogymyzgha әser etip jatyr. Osynday da normalar atalghan zanda qarastyrylady. Biraq naqty eshtene aita almaymyn, sebebi, әli Mәjilis talqylay-dy, odan song Senatqa barady, sol siyaqty proseduralar bolady.
Kóshi-qon turaly zang jobasynda din, turistik jolmen keletinderding de jýris-túrysyn retteu jóninde normalar bar.

Súltanәli BALGhABAEV, Dýniyejýzi qazaqtary qauymdastyghy tóraghasynyng orynbasary, jazushy-dramaturg:

- Qazir Qazaqstandaghy eng qiyn mәsele - ishki kóshi-qon. Óitkeni, el auyldan qalagha qaptap kóship jatyr. Auylda júmys joq, qalada baspana joq. Ókinishke qaray, ishki migrasiyamen elimizde eshkim ainalysyp, rettep jatqan joq. Syrttan keletin kóshi-qon bar, onyng ózi birneshe týrge bólinedi. Birinshisi, etnikalyq kóshi-qon, ol sheteldegi qazaq diasporasynyng kóship kelui. Júrt qit etse, kóshi-qondy oralmandargha qatysty dep týsinedi. Odan keyin enbek kóshi-qony. Elimizge Ózbekstan, Qyrghyzstan, Tәjikstannan bir mln-gha juyq adam júmys isteuge keledi. Jәne de diny missiyamen kelip jatqan kóshi-qon degen shyqty. Búl - qauipti kóshi-qon. Sonday-aq, biznespen, iskerlikpen keletin kóshi-qon bar. Qazir Qazaqstanda migrasiya jóninde jana zang jobasy dayyndaluda. Men sonda júmys tobynyng mýshesimin. Osy zannan kóp ýmit kýtemiz.
Tanghalatynym, Qazaqstannyng ózinde júmysy joq, qanghyp jýrgen adam kóp, sóite túra nege syrttan keletin bir mln. adamgha júmys tauyp beredi? Ózbek ne qyrghyz istep jýrgen júmysty nege bizding qazaq istemeydi? Múnyng sebebi qazaqtyng mentaliytetinde jatyr. Qazaqtyng júmysqa beyimi joq. Ony ashyp aituymyz kerek. «Júmys istey almaydy» dep auyldan kelgen qazaqty júmysqa almaydy. Bir jaghynan oryndy, júmys istey almasa ne ýshin alady? Áueli qazaq jastary týrli kәsipti mengeru kerek. Almatyda santehnik pen gazosvarshikting júmysy kóp, biraq ony qazaq istemeydi nemese istey almaydy. Sondyqtan jastardy jappay kәsiptik oqugha ýiretuimiz kerek. Osy oqugha jastardy oqytsaq, bos jýretinder azayady. Sodan ishki kóshi-qon retteler edi. «Qazaq - úly halyq» dep bos aita bergennen eshtene shyqpaydy, kýnin kóre almasa, júmys istey almasa, lepirme sóz ne kerek?
Auyldan qalagha keletin bolsa, ne júmys isteydi? Sony rettep, mehanizmin jasau kerek. Osyny mamandar zerttemegen, jurnalister de eshtene zerttemey, bayybyna barmay jaza beredi. Bәrining aita beretini oralman mәselesi. Ol kóshting bir týri ghana.
Ayta keteyin, Almatyda tirkeude, ýy kezeginde joq adam jýz myndap sanalady. Esepte joq, olardyng taghdyryn eshkim bilmeydi. Almatygha keledi, biraq ómiri ýy ala almaydy. «Aqyran» bolyp, tәshki tasyp ómiri ótkenin bilmey qalady.

Laura ISOVA, әl-Faraby atyndaghy QazÚU halyqaralyq qatynastar fakulitetining dosenti, tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty:

- Migrasiya - qazirgi jahandanu ýderisi men әlemdik sayasattyng ózekti mәselelerining biri. Migrasiyalyq ýrdis kenestik kenistikten keyingi kezende búryn-ghy sosialistik jýiedegi elderde asa qarqyn alghany belgili. Sonau tarihy kezenderdegi Jibek joly salghan sara jolmen taraptanghan qazaq jerining geosayasy ornalasuy da, jalpy migrasiyalyq ýrdisten búl aumaqtyng eshqashan tys qalmaytynyna taghy bir dәlel. Ýkimet janynan júmys isteytin kóshi-qon komiyteti jәne migrasiyalyq polisiya qyzmeti de býgingi ishki jәne syrtqy migrasiya ýrdisin retteuge mindettelgen, soghan sәikes olardyng júmystary da solay ýilestiriluge tiyisti. Alayda, songhy uaqyttardaghy migrasiyalyq auytqular kórinis aluda. Ásirese, oralmandardyng tarihy otangha kelgennen keyingi eldi mekenderge ornalasuyna, Ortalyq Aziya elderinen keletin zansyz enbek migranttarynyng elde jýrip-túruyna qatysty kelensizdikter olardyng tikeley mindetterine aitylar syn bolyp tabylady. Oralmandardyng elge ornalasuy men olardyng jaqyndyq-jershildik mýddesine say túraqtanuy jәne mamandyghyna say júmysqa ornalasuyna qatysty kedergiler ishki migrasiyanyng keybir mәselelerin tudyruda.
Gastarbayterler dep atalatyn (nemissheden audarghanda Gastarbeiter-qonaqtaushy júmysshy), Ortalyq Aziya elderinen júmysshylarsyz bizding qazaqstandyq ekonomikany da, qoghamdy da elestetu qiyn bolyp bara jatyr. Enbek migranttary sapyndaghy gastarbayterler eldegi iri qúrylystarmen qatar, túrghyn ýilerdi jóndeu jәne bazarlarda sauda jasau sekildi salalarda enbek etip jatyr. Qazaqstandaghy enbek migrasiyasy asa kýrdeli. Múnday enbek migranttary eldegi zandy jәne zansyz migrasiyanyng týziluine de jol ashty. Zansyz migrasiyanyng saldary óte kóp. Olardyng enbegining belgili eldegi salyq zandarymen retteuge beyimsizdigi de, el budjetine týsui tiyisti qarjynyng syrtqa ketuine jol ashady. Ortalyq Aziya elderindegi sayasi-ekonomikalyq damu ýrdisi demografiyalyq, ekologiyalyq, әleumettik daghdarystar jaghda-yyna mәjbýrleude. Batys sarapshylarynyng pikirinshe, onyng ishinde kanadalyq Houmer-Dikson, bolashaqtaghy soghystar men azamattyq qaqtyghystar sudyng jetispeushiliginen, egindik jerlerding tozuynan, orman, balyq qorlarynyng azangynan bolatynyn aitady. Ókinishke qaray, búl shynayy qauip býgingi uaqytta kólemdi rezonans ala almay otyr. Búl jaghdayda Ortalyq Aziya aimaghy da bólinip qalmaydy. Qazirgi uaqytta oryn alyp otyrghan etno-territoriyalyq dau-damayy bar, túrghyndardyng óte tyghyz ornalasuy men tuu joghary bolashaqta salmaqty mәseleler tudyruy mýmkin Ferghana jazyghy jaghdayyn aitqannyng ózi jetkilikti. Ózbekstan, Tәjikstan jәne Qyrghyzstandy qamtityn Ferghana jazyghynyng túrghyndary ýshin, qorshaghan orta jaghdayy býginderi bos sóz emes. Osy josparda Ortalyqaziattyq aimaqtyng búl bóliginde mýmkin boluy ghajayyp emes qaqtyghystardyng aldyn alu amaldaryn kýsheytip, naqty sharalardy jýzege asyru qajettiligi tuyp otyr. Osy túrghyda qazaqstandyqtar ýshin de asa mazasyzdyq tudyratyn syrttan keletinder enbegi men olardyng qoghamda jýrip-túruynyng ózi ýlken mәsele. Ol mәsele, últshyldyq otyn tútandyruy da mýmkin. Jalpy, Qazaqstandaghy migrasiyalyq ýrdisting kezek kýttirmeytin mәsele ekendigi, onyng ýkimet sayasatyn ýilestirude ýnemi nazarda boluyn eskeru qajet.

Statistikalyq mәlimetterge sýiensek, azamattardyng ishki respublikalyq kóshi-qon ýrdisi jyldan-jylgha artyp keledi. Eger, onyng sany 1999 jyly 232,4 myng adam bolsa, 2006 jyly ol - 295,1 myn, al 2007 jyly - 311,7 myng adamgha jetken. Olardyng ishinde qazaqtardyng ýlesi: 1999 jyly 69,4%, 2006 jyly 79,1 %, 2007 jyly 81,3%, 2008 jyly 94% bolghan.
Astana qalasynyng halqynyng sany 2008 jyldyng mausym aiyna 606 myng 280 adam bolsa, biyl osy mezgilde 660 myng 876 bolyp, ol 44 myng 596 adamgha ósken eken. Qalagha 5 aida 23 355 adam kelse, 6 956 adam kóshken. Kóshi-qon aiyrmasy - 16399 adam. Yaghni, kóship kelgender byltyrmen salystyrghanda 38,9 payyzgha kóbeyip, ketkender 15 payyzgha azayghan.
Elimiz egemendik alghaly alys-juyq shetelderdegi qandastarymyz ózining tarihy otany - Qazaqstangha orala bastady. Qazirge deyin syrttan kelgen qandastarymyzdyng sany bir milliongha jetti.

Súhbattasqan:
Dәuren Seyitjanúly

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