Bizding býgingi sózimiz belgili sayasatker, qogham qayratkeri, tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor Zardyhan Qinayatúly turaly bolmaq.
Ol - Mongholiyanyng Kәsipodaqtary ortalyq kenesi tóraghasynyng úiymdastyru jәne mәdeniyet isin 12 jyl basqarghan, Mongholiyanyng sayasy ómirinde alghashqylardyng biri bolyp demokratiyalyq jana betbúrysqa tandau jasaghan, Mongholiya qoghamyna demokratiyalyq jana ózgerister qajettigin teoriyalyq túrghydan dәleldep, túnghysh ret jariya etken, 1990 jyldardaghy Mongholiya tarihyndaghy qazaqtardyng eng ýlken ereuilin tynyshtandyryp, eldi qantógisten aman alyp qalghan, Mongholiyanyng túraqty parlamentining kishi qúryltay spiykerining orynbasary, sonday-aq Mongholiyanyng premier ministrining orynbasary bolghan, Qazaq tilindegi Shynghys han turaly (eki kitap) túnghysh ghylymy monografiyany jazghan, Qazaqtyng alghashqy memleketi Aq Orda (1361 jyl) degen sheshimge kelgen tarihshy ghalym.

ÁKE TURALY ÁYDIK JYR

Bizding býgingi sózimiz belgili sayasatker, qogham qayratkeri, tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor Zardyhan Qinayatúly turaly bolmaq.
Ol - Mongholiyanyng Kәsipodaqtary ortalyq kenesi tóraghasynyng úiymdastyru jәne mәdeniyet isin 12 jyl basqarghan, Mongholiyanyng sayasy ómirinde alghashqylardyng biri bolyp demokratiyalyq jana betbúrysqa tandau jasaghan, Mongholiya qoghamyna demokratiyalyq jana ózgerister qajettigin teoriyalyq túrghydan dәleldep, túnghysh ret jariya etken, 1990 jyldardaghy Mongholiya tarihyndaghy qazaqtardyng eng ýlken ereuilin tynyshtandyryp, eldi qantógisten aman alyp qalghan, Mongholiyanyng túraqty parlamentining kishi qúryltay spiykerining orynbasary, sonday-aq Mongholiyanyng premier ministrining orynbasary bolghan, Qazaq tilindegi Shynghys han turaly (eki kitap) túnghysh ghylymy monografiyany jazghan, Qazaqtyng alghashqy memleketi Aq Orda (1361 jyl) degen sheshimge kelgen tarihshy ghalym.

ÁKE TURALY ÁYDIK JYR

Songhy kezde asa zeyin qoyyp, qúnygha oqyp, mol lәzzat alghan kitabym - Zәkenning "Kóshpendilik ghúmyry". Avtordyng ózi aitqanynday búl kitap Zәkenning jeke basynyng ómirbayany ghana emes, ómirde kórgen, bilgen, estigen, basynan keshirgen qyzyqty jәne esten qalghysyz sәtteri jayly oy ýzikteri. Al men aitar edim "Áke turaly әidik jyr" dep. Zәkeng osy kitaby arqyly әkesine ýlken eskertkish ornatypty. Búl Zәkenning sózi edi. Zәkenning esselerin, "ótken shaqtardan óleng bolyp estilgen dauystargha qúlaq týrip" (H.Toqaq), enirep oqyp otyrmyn. Ár bet sayyn, әdemi aitylghan asyl sóz: Ákem menin, mening әkem, sonda әkem, әkem sóitkende, әkemning aitqany, әkem ekeumiz, әkemnen estidim, әkemning aty, әkem ótken su, әkem birde, әkem marqúm... Qanday әdemi, qanday súlu, sýiikti de sýikimdi Úly Esim - Áke! Tumaq barda, ólmek bar. Biraq kim óz jaqynyn ólimge qiyady. Al Zәkenning әkemen qoshtasuy tipti qayghyly. Internattan týndeletip týiemen jetken bala sóileuge shama joq, tek bir qoly ghana iykemge keletin әkening sol jaghyna kelip qisayady. Ákesi úlynyng basynan ayaghyna deyin sipap kóredi. Shashy ósti me, kiyimi býtin be, etigi jyrtyldy ma degeni me eken. IYkemdi qolymen úlynyng bir qolynan jibermey ústap, bauyryna basa týsedi. Ákening kózinen ýnsiz aqqan yp-ystyq jas qúlaghyna qúiylyp jatqanday.Tang endi qúlaniyektenip kele jatqan kez. Ol sol qolyn әkesining ýstinen asyra qúshyp, túmsyghyn teri iysi anqyghan apay tósine tyghyp, qúshyrlana iyiskegeni sol edi qayran әke suyp sala berdi. "Enbektep keldim dýniyege, shalqalap әkem shyqty ýiden" dep Qasym aitqanday, endi at jalyn tartyp mindim-au degende әke attanyp jýre berdi. Sheshe shirkin bayaghyda ólgen. Taghdyr. Áke-e-e-e... Áli qúlaghymda janghyryp túr. Balarymyz "әke" dep aitugha auyzdary barmay papalap qalghan mynau zardaby mol zamanda Zәkene osylay jazdyrtu ýshin de jasaghan jaratqannyng isi me dep oilatady pendelik.
Zәkenning búl shygharmasy - halyq arasynda "Ivan Groznyidyng úlyn óltirui" degen atpen ataqqa shyqqan, IY.Repinning "Ivan Groznyy y ego syn" suretin kórkem ónerding kógine kóterip, qasiyetinnen ainalayyn qajy Qúnanbay ata men onyng aqyldy tughan úly Abay arasyn ushyqtyryp, adamgershilikti ghashyqtyq dertimen kebindep, әke men balany alakóz qylyp júlystyryp, әkesine balasyn qarsy qoyyp qan jilik bolghan batystyng esuas-jelókpelerin ("Ghashyqtar men pasyqtar", F.Shiller) "klassikalyq әdebiyet" dep dәriptegenimiz jetpegendey, mauyq dertine әbden esi ketip ulanghan úlyna úiqyda beygham jatqan anasynyng jýregin júldyryp, qolynan týsirip alghanda, jýrekke til bitip, "qúlynym, bayqasanshy" degizip baryp, ony "ananyng ainymas mahabbatyn" ("Ana jýregi", A.Baqtygereeva) dәleldeydi dep kýnәmizdi jughansyp, aqtalyp ata dәstýrden azghan túmauly zamanda tughan tolghanysy telegey azapty jangha oy salatyn "Áke turaly әidik jyr". Árbir әrpinen meyirim samaly esken әldy jyr.

«SAYaSATKERLIK - ÓNER»

Esime Zardyhan Qinayatúlynyng "Eger qogham qúldyray bastasa ne ózin ózi ózgertedi nemese sayasy әleumettik jana kýshter ony eriksiz ózgeriske úshyratady" degeni týsedi.
Sosialistik dep atalatyn totalitarlyq burokratiyalyq jýiedegi elderde HH ghasyrdyng sekseninshi jyldarynan bastap qogham jappay daghdarysqa úshyrady. Biyleushi partiya búdan shyghudyng jolyn jatpay túrmay sharq úryp qarastyrghanymen túiyqqa kelip tirele berdi. Kóteremge kóp berseng de ziyandy. Biraq qalayda qoghamdy qútqaru kerek. Ol ýshin qoghamdy jaylaghan kemshilikti kórsetip, kózdi ashatyn teoretik kerek eken. Onday adam da tabyldy. Ol - MHRP OK-ning janyndaghy Qoghamdy zertteu ghylymy institutynyng "Sosialistik qúrylystyng teoriyalyq mәseleleri" bólimining mengerushisi doktor Zardyhan Qinayatúly edi. Onyng "Qayta qúru jәne Mongholiya qoghamynyng damuynyng ózekti mәseleleri" atty bir-eki avtormen birigip jazghan maqalasy 1987 jyly "Partiya ómiri"("Namyn amidral") jurnalynda jaryq kóredi. Búl maqala qoldan qolgha tiymey býkil monghol qoghamyn dýr silkindirdi. Álem júrtshylyghynyng nazaryn ózine audarghany sonday alys-jaqyn shet elderde audarylyp basyldy. Elin úiqydan týrtip oyatqan qazaq Zardyhandy әsirese monghol jastary han kóterdi. Júmys ornyna baryp, kóshede jýrse qaumalap alyp, tipti ýiine kelip aqyl-kenes súraytyn jastar qarasy molayady. Júrt arasynda "Zardyhan býlikshil jastardyng astyrtyn kenesshisi" degen sózding taralu sebebi osy deydi Zәken. Ghalymnyng teoriyalyq negizderin basshylyqqa alyp qoghamdy qayta qúrugha qúlshynghandar mýiizi qaraghayday akademiyk, ghalym, qogham qayratkeri, joghary lauazymdy sheneunik-shonjarlar emes, kileng jasy otyzgha da jetpegen jas túlparlar, biri gazetting әdeby qyzmetkerleri bolsa, biri radio tilshisi, ýshinshisi student, kinorejisser, әnshi sekildi ylghy óner adamdary bolghan edi. Sayasatkerlikting naq óner ekenin osy jastar qarymdy bilimi men qajyrly kýreskerligimen dәleldegen-di. Sondyqtan bolar Zәkeng "Sayasatkerlik ol - naghyz óner" degen qorytyndy jasaydy. Sol alghashqy jastardyng arasynan shyqqan Elbegdorj osy aralyqta eki mәrte Mongholiyanyng premier-ministri bolyp, eki ret lauazymyn beruge mәjbýr bolsa da, 2009 jylghy preziydenttik saylauda jeniske jetedi. Sol azamat qazir de Zәkendi ústazym deuden arlanbaytyn kórinedi.
Doktor Zardyhan ózi itting etinen jek kóretin kommunistik partiyany býgingi daghdarystan qútqaru jolyn kórsetu ýshin MHRP-nyng Bas hatshysy J.Batmónhge kiruge ótinish bildiredi. Erteninde tanerteng Bas hatshy qabyldaydy. Ekeuara әngime 2 saghat 50 minutqa sozylady. Sóitip bas hatshydan bata alghan Zardyhan Qinayatúly 15 ghalymdy basqaryp, partiyanyng baghdarlamalyq jana platformasyn jәne jarghysyn jasap shyghady. Osy qújat úzaqqa sozylghan tartys-talastan song 1990 jyly jazda shaqyrylghan partiyanyng kezekten tys tótenshe siezinde qabyldanady. Zәkenning "Eger qogham tapsyrys berse, ony ózgertuge on bes adamnyng aqyl-oyy jetedi, al qogham qozghalysqa ense aqyl-oydyng aldynda apparat mashinasynyng ózi qauqarsyz bolyp qalady" degen aforizmi osy jenisten keyin tusa kerek.
Qay bir elde bolmasyn demokratiyalyq ýderis asqynyp, biylik әlsiregen kezde nemese qay bir eldi bólshektep, ishinen iritu qajet bolghanda ishki jәne syrtqy kýshterding yqpalymen sol elde shoghyrlanyp mekendep otyrghan diasporalar últtyq avtonomiyagha úmtylu әreketteri boy kóteretin kórinedi. 1990 jyldardyng basynda Mongholiyada demokratiyalyq dýrbeleng beleng alghan shaqta Bayan-Ólgey aimaghynyng 90 payyzyn qúraytyn qazaqtar arasynan dabyraytyp "Qazaq avtonomiyasyn" qúru turaly mәsele kótergen azamattar boldy. "Bayan-Ólgey" degen aimaq atyn "Bay besik" dep ózgertu turaly da úsynystar boy kóterdi. Osynday bir alasapyran tústa Ólgey qalasynda qazaqtar "sayasy otyrys" jasap ereuilge shyghady. Basty talaptary: Aymaq әkimshiligining últy múnghúl bastyghyn alyp tastap, ornyna qazaq azamatyn taghayyndau. Mine osy ereuildi basu ýshin el Preziydenti P.Ochirbat jaqtyrmaytyndar "orystyng jansyzy" (Qazaqstannyng degeni ghoy), únatatyndar aitys-tartysy mol "parlamentting órt sóndirushisi" ("ognetushiyteli parlamenta") atanghan Z.Qinayatúlyn attandyrady. Zәkeng samoletten týsisimen tura ereuilshilerge keledi. Keybirimen qauyshyp amandasady. Osynyng ózi-aq әlgi alqynyp túrghan jastardyng ishin birshama jylytyp jiberedi. Búl qayratkerlik pen sayasatkerlik qatar sayysqa týsken shaghy edi. Óitkeni qúy ol qayratker bolsyn, qúy ol sayasatker bolsyn qara basynyng qamyn kýittemey, tughan halqynyng qamyn jese ghana júrty ony últtyq túghyrgha kóteredi. Zәkenning jogharydan keldim dep kekshiymey, ýrkip, qoryqpay tura ereuilshilerding ishine enui naghyz qayratkerligin tanytady. Keshegi aspandaghy júldyzday jarqyraghan Zardyhan mine býgin aldarynda, aralarynda, alaqandarynda túr. Qolymen ústap, sipap kóruge bolady. Bayqaysyz ba, Abaydyng "edinisasy" taghy oigha oralady. Osy kýngi keshki mitingige jinalghan júrtta esep joq. Qaby alany qara nor, nópir. IYne shanshar jer qalmaydy. Onda tek jogharyda atalghan mәsele ghana emes basqa da kókeykesti kóptegen kýrdeli súraqtargha nanymdy jauap beruge tura keledi. Al eger osy halyq arasynan qaqtyghys shyqsa ne bolar edi. Onda qan suday aghyp Qobda ózenine qúiylar edi. Órt órshir edi. Arty azagha ainalar edi. Biraq saliqaly sayasatker, salmaqty diplomat, sheshen by Zardyhan Qinayatúlynyng halqyn, júrtyn syilay biletindiginin, el tirligin tamyrshyday dóp basyp, kýrdeli mәselerdi sheshuding kýre joldaryna shyghar baghytty dúrys aiqynday alatyndyghynyng nәtiyjesinde ereuilshiler talaby oryndalyp, sayasy tolqu yn-shynsyz ayaqtalyp, Zәkeng Mongholiya tarihyndaghy qazaqtardyng eng ýlken ereuilin tynyshtandyryp astanagha jenispen oralady. Zәkeng biraz jyl shetelde elshilik qyzmet atqarghanda ózining saliqaly diplomat ekendigin tanytty. Sóite túra biylikting biyik lauazymdy úsynysynan bas tartyp, atajúrtyna oralyp, sýigen kәsibi ghylymgha, sonyng ishinde tariyhqa den qoydy.

«TARIH - ÚLTTYNG ÓMIRBAYaNY»

Zәkenning otandyq tarihymyzdyng damuyna qosqan ýlesi men ashqan janalyghy orasan mol, tau tóbe. "Jylaghan jyldar shejiresinen" bastap, Mongholiya qazaqtary turaly qos kitap, "Mongholiya ýstirtindegi týrki taypalary", "Joshy Úlysy", eki kitaptan túratyn "Shynghys han jәne qazaq memleketi", "Kóz qaras" qatarly enbekteri turaly bir maqala kóleminde aityp tauysu mýmkin emes. Sondyqtan qadau-qadau tústaryna toqtalyp ótkenim jón be deymin. "Tarihta ýlken bolsyn, kishi bolsyn eleusiz, eskerusiz qalatyn nәrse bolmaydy. Tarih - býkil halyqtyn, últtyng ómirbayany". Búralqy iydeologiya kýshimen búrmalanghan tarihtyng zardabyn bizding qazaq kóp tartty. Úly uaqyt ony da rettep jatqanday. Tariyhqa әdil tóreshilerin әkeldi. Sonyng biri professor Zardyhan Qinayatúly. Ol - әdil bi. Zәkenning osy qasiyeti, әdildigi tarihymyzdy dúrys tanyp, ony adal baghalauda da aiqyn kórinedi. Otandyq ghalymdarymyz oilanyp qalatyn tústarynda kәsiby tarihshy kesimi qatal. Patshalyq Reseyding qazaqty qalay jaulap aludyng ghylymy negizin jasap, onyng jan dýniyesin jetik týsinbey túryp, qazaq turaly úsqynsyz pikir aityp, osal, jalqau, qúldyqty kóksegen topqa jatqyzghan A.Levshindi úly Shoqan Uәlihanov "qazaq tarihynyng Gerodoty" dese ony kekep aitty, Levshin enbegi qazaq tarihyn zertteude qúndy material, biraq shyn mәninde ol "qazaq tarihynyng Gerodoty" emes, qazaq tarihynyng atasy dep Múhammed Haydar Dulati, Qadyrghaly Jalayri, Shoqan Uәlihanovty ataymyz deydi ghalym. Múnday ójet pikirdi bizding tarihshylarymyz búryn-sondy estimegen edi.
Zәkeng tamyryn terennen tartady. Arydan boljaydy. Ne aitsa da búljytpaytyn dәleldermen myqtap shegelep, buyp tastaydy, tapjyltpaydy. Óitkeni ghylymgha dәldik kerek. Derekti dәleldeu kerek. Áytpegende әr zamannyng talap, mýdde, tilegine say qalam ústaghan jannyng ózi qalaudyng qúrbany bolyp ketui bek mýmkin. Artyq-auystan tariyhqa qiyanat tuyndaydy. Z.Qinayatúly L.Gumiylev enbekterine taldau jasay otyryp qazirgi qazaq qoghamynyng "inkuvasiondyq kezendi", yaghny qayta týleuding mehanizmin iske qosumen ghana ainalysyp jatqanyn, eger óte saq bolmasaq, últtyq mýmkindikterden aiyrylyp qaluymyz kәdik, úly imperiyalardyng týbine jetken kópúlttylyq, kópdindilik, mulitikulituralyq deydi. Ghalymnyng aituynsha, "onsyz da jahandanyp jatqan zamanda óz últy últ bolmay jatqan Qazaqstan siyaqty jas memlekette kópúlttylyq, kópmәdeniyettilikke shaqyru - qater, eger biz esigimizdi aiqara ashyp tastap, basqany ózimizge shaqyra bersek, birer jyldan song "qazaqstandyq" degen ataudyng qalqasynda qazaq ta emes, qalmaq ta emes, "qyryq temirding qylauynan" jinalghan jana tobyr payda bolyp ketui mýmkin".
Zәkeng - Zardyhan Qinayatúly tamasha últshyl adam. Últyn shyn jan-tәnimen sýigen adam ghana últshyl bola alady. Shynghys han, Ata Týrik, Neru, Petr I, Putiyn... Últshyl adamnyng ghana kókey kómbesinen últsyzdyqqa qarsy qamalday- qamalday qaghidalar tuyndasa kerek. Ghalym "qazirgi Qazaqstanda últyn sýidin, Otanyn sýnding eki jәne ýsh jaqty prinsipteri qalyptasty. Osyndayda qaysybireulerding qazaqty últsyzdyqqa shaqyruy asa qaterli, mәselen O.Sýleymenovting "Ghalamsharlyq sana", "Núr Otan" partiyasynyng "Qazaqstandyq últ" tújyrymy qatarly últsyzdyq iydeologiyalardyng tasasynda últ mýddesine baylanysty san aluan mәselelerding qalyp qongy mýmkin" deydi. Búl - últy ýshin jany kýigen kәsiby tarihshynyng býgingi qazaqqa aitar, toq eter sózi.
HH ghasyrdyng bastapqy jartysyndaghy qyzyl qyrghynnyng qyr-syry әli tolyq ashylmay jatqanymen qoymay, kommunist kýn kósemderdi aqtap alghysy keletin әreketter әredik bolsa da boy kórsetip jýr. Osy ghasyrgha tәn zúlmat, genosid biraz aityldy. Biraq bilmeytinimiz әli de shash etekten. Osy orayda Z.Qinayatúly genosid degenning "túqym" jәne "óltiru, qúrtu" atty grek sózderining qosyndysynan qúralghandyghyn úghyndyryp alyp, BÚÚ Bas Assambleyasynyng 1948 jyly qabyldanyp, 1961 jyldan kýshine engen "Genosidtik qylmys jәne jazalaudan aldyn ala saqtandyru turaly konvensiyasyna" silteme jasay otyryp, "últtyng bir bóligin jazalau turaly jarlyqty" bolishevikter kósemi Lenin úsynghanyn, ony Stalin mýltiksiz oryndaghanyn әshkerelep beredi. Al býgingi "Demokratiyalyq Reseydin" Leninning óli denesin baptap, saqtap otyrghany men Stalindi úlyqtay bastauy sondyqtan deydi tarihshy. Qorqynyshty. Qúlaq asatyn nәrse. Ghalym osy orayda akademik M.Q.Qozybaev, K.N.Núrpeyisov, professor M.Q.Qoygeldiyev, T.Omarbekovterding zertteu enbekterine sýiene otyryp, sandyq faktilerdi atay kele, OGPU janalghyshtary tútqyndalghan jazyqsyz jandargha tómendegidey qinau әreketterin qoldanghanyn keltiredi: manday tisterin qaghyp týsiru; er adamnyng jynys mýshesine istik jýgirtu; eki ayaghynan salbyratyp ilip qoyyp, basynan ystyq bu, jalynmen qaqtau; jazalylardyng balalaryn ýrim bútaqsyz qaldyru ýshin yzghar, múz, qyraugha otyrghyzu; jalghan kuәlikterdi negizge alu t.b. genosid shyndyghy osy. Tóbe shashyndy tik túrghyzyp, qúiqang shymyrlaydy. Adam aitsa nanghysyz azapty tartqansha ayarlar aidap aparyp, atyp tastaghandar armansyz eken-au dersin. 1929 jyly qazaqta 39 millionnan astam mal bolsa, 1933 jyly bar joghy 2,5 million ghana bas qalghan, 2,3 million qazaq ashtyqtan qyrylyp qalghan. Ghalymnyng "3 millionday qazaqtyng tógilgen qany ýshin kim jauap beredi?" deui kemel súraq. Jauap әli joq! Bolishevikterding qazaqtardy jong sayasaty elimiz aumaghymen ghana shektelmegen. Olar qytay, monghol jerindegi qazaqtardyng sonyna týsedi. 1938 jylghy nәubette monghol jerindegi otyz mynday qazaqtyng ýshten birin ústap, atyp tastaghan. Osynyng bәrin elep-ekshey kelip: "Zúlmat qasyretin keler úrpaq úmytpaugha tiyis. Eger úmytylsa qasyret qaytalanyp ketui mýmkin",- deydi ghalym-tarihshy Z.Qinayatúly. Ghylym doktorynyng songhy jyldarda jazghan sýbeli enbegi "Shynghys han jәne qazaq memleketi" atty qazaq tilinde túghysh ret jazylghan ghylymy monografiyasy. Enbekting basym qúndylyghy el ishinde etek alyp ketken Shynghys han turaly týrli әfsana, anyzdar men alyp qashpa әngimelerge biliktilikpen jýieli týrde berilgen ghylymy jauap bolghandyghy. Ghalymnyng Shynghys hannyng túnghyshy, qazaqty biylegen Joshynyng ekinshi, ýshinshi úrpaqtarynan bastap qazaq bolyp sinisip ketken, sondyqtan olardy "múnghúl dep eseptemeymiz" deui óte-móte qajet, dúrys kesim. Búl enbekten ghalym bolsyn, meyli jay oqyrman bolsyn ózine qajetti mol maghlúmat alady. Osy enbek arqyly oqyrman Zәkenning - Zardyhan Qinayatúlynyng qanday bir iydeologiyagha yqtap, yqpalyna erip, búra tartpaytyn shyn ghúlama, shynayy ghalym ekenine taghy da tәnti bolady.

«TÁNIRDI SÝN, ÁRUAQTY QASTERLEU»

Ghúlama adamnyn, ilimge jýirik jannyn, ózining ghana emes ózgening de týp-túqiyanyn jaqsy biletin, tereng zerdelegen kisining qazirgi diny ústanymy, jalpy músylmandyqqa kózqarasy da basqanyng nazaryn ózine audaruy zandy. Qazaq ózin qadym zamannan beri kók aspan men qara jerding tuyndysy dep kelgen. Búl túrghyda Zәkenning de diny dili berik, baghdary aiqyn, baghyty naq. Alla sózin alghash ret alty jasynda Ana qabirining basynda estiydi. Ol "Alihamdu alla, músylman" dep aitar edim men. Ólim-jitimde qúran, ayat oqylghanda kóppen birge qol jayady, janazagha qatysady, tili kәlimagha keledi. Biraq ol kisining islamy qaghidalar jóninde ózining dara payymy bar. Barsha adam "pende - Qúdaydyng qúly, Múhammedting ýmbeti" degendi taza araby iydeologiya dep kóredi. Ózin Bir Tәnirge tabynghan kóshpendi qazaqtyng úrpaghymyn dep tanidy. Kók Tәniri jaratushynyng búiryghynsyz eshtenening bolmaytynyna kәmil senedi. Músylman dinin de jatsynbaydy, syilaydy. "Biraq,- deydi Zәken, músylman senimindegiler de ata-babalar әruaghyn, beyit, qorymyn qasterleytin bizding senimimizdi syilay biluleri qajet. Islam dini boyynsha últ degen joq. Eger músylman dini әrbir últtyng qúndylyghyn qasterley bilse, men ol dindi pir tútugha dayynmyn. Eger qazaq tasada qalsa, ata-babamnyng әruaghyna tabyna almasam, onda dinning de, iydeologiyanyng da, kýsh-quattyng da, baylyqtyng da baghasy men ýshin kók tiyn". Jaltaqsyz, ýzildi-kesildi jauap. "Tura biyde tughan joq". Halyq danalyghy. "Tәnirdi sýn, әruaqty qasterleu Zәkeng ýshin eng әueli tabighatqa degen sheksiz mahabbat, óli men tirini qatar syilap, tabighattyng tylsym kýshteri arqyly óli men tirining ara jibin jalghap túru. Kosmologiyalyq búl jalghastyq ýzilse ómirding ýzilgeni". Qazaq qyryq sektagha bólinip, qyryq pyshaq bolyp jatqanda aitatyn sóz. Osynday qym-quyt shaqta danyshpan, dualy auyzdardyng ýlp etken bir auyz sózi dem salghanday ýlken roli atqarady. Bireuge dem berse, ekinshi bireuge demeu bolyp, adasqan bireu baghytyn aiqyndaydy. Zәkeng barshagha, Alash balasynyng býgingi tandaghy "din músylmanbyz, biraq qanday jolyn, qalay ústanamyz, neni pir tútuymyz kerek?" degen saualyna jauabyn býkpesiz, ashyq aitady. Zәkennyng búl jazbalarynan ol ata-baba dәstýr-saltynan bas tartpay otyryp, din músylmandyqty pir tútu qaghidasyn algha tartady dep týsinuge bolady. Ósiyetnamasy: "Jer-Anagha tabyn adamzat!. Jer-Anany qasterlep, Jer-Anagha meyirimdi bolghanda ghana tabighat adamzattyng kýnәsin keshiredi", - deydi filosof.

ABAY ÁLEMI JÁNE ZARDYHAN

Shet elderdegi qazaq oqymystylary arasynan hakim Abay ólenderi men qara sózderin tәpsirlep, týsinikteme jazghan adamdardyng alghashqysy Aqyt Ýlimjiúly edi. Osy ýrdis onan keyingi alystaghy Alash aqiyqtarynyng әrqaysysynyng enbekterinde erekshe oryn alyp, әrkimi óz hal- qadyrinshe Abay әlemine enip, óz sanat dengeyinde "halyqtyng oy órisining ólshemi, mún-zarynyng ruhany tújyrymy bolghan intellektualdyq ozyq oidy" (Z.Qinayatúly) úghynugha әri halqyna úghyndyrugha tyrysty. Osy qatarda shoqtyghy biyik túrghan shonnyng biri - Zardyhan Qinayatúly. Abaydy kóp oqyp nemese Abay tuyndylary turaly kóp jazyp, kóp sóilegennen Abaydy jete, kemel týsine qoymaytyn siyaqtymyz. Búny men Zәkeng ýlgisinen aityp otyrmyn.
Zәkeng Abaydy bilgir tarihshy kózimen emes, ol da septigin tiygizgen shyghar, kәnigi psiholog, qazaqtyng jan dýniyesining әrbir talshyghynyng óte nәzik qybyryn tamyrshyday sezetin tuma balgerdey ishki týisik janarynyng otymen kóredi. Abay kenistigine, Abay orbitasyna enu ýshin әueli qazaq degen halyqqa jol salady Zәken. Ózimiz qazaq bola túra qazaqtyng shyn mәninde kim ekenin, qanday halyq ekenin bilmeymiz ghoy. Ol osyny oilaydy. Demek Abaydy tanu - qazaqty tanu, qazaqty bilu, Abaygha boylau bolsa kerek. Óitkeni "Bir Abay - bar qazaqtyng tanbasy" (B.B.), yaghny simvoly. Z.Qinayatúly qazaqty "adamzattyng etnoprosesindegi asa nәzik qúbylys" deydi. Endeshe búl nәziktikti sezinu de órmekshining jibegindey berik nәziktik pen almastay ótkirlikti qajet etedi. Qazaqtyng qay qylyn shertseng de qan jylap qoya beredi. Oghan qanday jýrek tózedi. Bir emes, birneshe ghasyr boyy birde bir ret renessans dәuirin basynan keshirmegen, "naghyz qazaqy bolmys, til-mәdeniyet, salt- dәstýri qalyptasa bastaghan kezinde" basyp-janshylghan, janshylghanda ezip, esin joyyp jiberuge deyin әrekettengen zymiyandyq soyylynan kóz ashpaghan qazaqtyng jan-ruhyn, minez-qúlqyn túnghysh tanyghan adam - Abay. Olay bolsa, qazaqqa barghysy kelgen kisi, Alashpen ainalysamyn degen adam tek Abay arqyly ghana jol tabatyny sózsiz. Mineki, tanymyn týisikke biyletken Zardyhan Qinayatúly Abay әlemine tartynbay enedi. Onyng kókjiyegining kendigi sonday Abay әlemine kelgende dýniyeni sharlap ótedi. Óz әl-Farabiyinen bastap, arab, parsy, europa, amerika, orys, mongholdyng filosof, aqyn-jazushylarymen salghastyra kelip, "Abay adam men tabighattyng ara qatynasynyng syryn aiyru, adamnyng ishki jan dýniyesining jýrek syryn tany biluge kelgende batys oishyldarynan artyq bolmasa kem týsken joq" degen sony baylam, әleuetti tújyrym jasaydy. Abaydyng tanym tәsilining taghy bir syryn ashady. Búnyng ózi búrynnan qalyptasqan eurosentristik kózqarasty búzyp jarghan, ózge týgil ózimizding "kýshiginde talanghan" mýiizdilerimizding kózin alaytyp, kókjelkesin kýjireytken batyldyq boldy. Biz bir oy tapsaq onyng balamasyn orysshadan izdep, aqyry adasyp ketetinimiz bar ghoy. Zәkeng ýitpeydi. Abaydyng әr bir sózin qazaqy qúlyqpen payymdaydy. Sonyng arqasynda qazaqty Abaysha týisinuge mýmkindik alady. Qazaqsha ómir sýredi. Basqa abayshyldardan Zәkennyng ozatyn jeri osynda jatyr. "Abay qazaqtyng dýnie tanymyndaghy ýstirt bir jaqtylyqqa qarsy túrdy". Bú ne degen sóz? Biz kýni býginge deyin, qoghamdy jalpylyq iydeologiya jaylauynyng saldarynan Abaydyng "edinisasyna" mәn bermey, kóppen birge kóruge kóbirek kónil bólip, Abaysha aitqanda "Kóp aitsa kóndi, júrt aitsa boldy, әdeti nadan adamnyn" dep tobyrshyldyq, nadandyqpen ketip, ol qazaqqa "últtyq minez bolyp qalyptasty" dep zerdeleydi Z.Qinayatúly. Abay "Er jigitting kórki mal, súlu attyng kórki jal" deydi. Kóbimiz osy joldardaghy "maldy" tórt týlik dengeyinde qarastyramyz. "Mal" - týrkilik, kóne týrkilik úghym. Zәkennyng aituynsha "Abaydyng maly qazaqtyng dini, qúdayy, halqy, júrty, bilimi, úyaty, ary jәne jaqyny" eken. Osyny týsinbegen keri auyz kenestik sayasat qazaqty "qoy baqqannan basqa qolynan kelmeydi" dep qúmgha aidap salsa kerek. "Saudagha, kәsipkerlikke qazaqtyng iykemi joq delinetin býgingi úghym osynau tanym-týsinikting jalghasy" deydi ghalym. Oghan qazaqtyng ózin de әbden sendirip qoyghan. Z.Qinayatúly býgingi qazaqtyng óz atajúrtynda kózge týrtki bolyp jýrgenining ózi osynyng saldary deydi. Jәne ol "bizding qazaqta izdenu, qaghylezdik az, it jatys, myrza túrys, mesheulik basym" dep Abaydy demdep qoyady. Ókpe joq. Dengey sol. Z.Qinayatúly býgingi qazaq kәsipkerlerin qalalyq jәne dalalyq dep eki topqa bóledi de, olar Abay aitqandayyn aqshany ittikpen tauyp, ittikpen aiyrylyp jýr deydi. Basqa júrttyng kәsipkerleri bolsa dýiim dýniyeni payymdap, últtyn, ózining erteni ýshin kapital, mýlik jinaydy eken. Al qazaqtyng qaladaghy kәsipkerlerining keybireuleri týngi jynoynaq, kazinolarda aqshasyn shashsa, dalalyq kәsipkerler elimizde әleumettik kóriniske ainalghan toy-tomalaqtargha demeushi bolyp, ata-babalaryna arnap meshit túrghyzyp, atyn shygharamyn dep jýrip qúr alaqan qalugha jaqyn eken. Óitetin sebebin ol birinshiden, Qúdaydan, ata-baba әruaghynan, ekinshiden, qazaqtyng "qaltaly aghayyndargha" degen qara qazanday ókpesinen qorqatyndyghynan dep kóredi. Ras sóz. Óte dúrys aitady. Z.Qinayatúlynyng Abay әlemi arqyly býgingi qoghamdyq qatynas turaly aitqan tym tartymdy, kókeyge qonymdy, qúima qúlaqty talaydy tolghandyratyn oi-pikirleri jeterlik.
Zәkeng tuyndylarynyng tanymdyq syry teren, taghylymdyq qyry qúndy. Qazirgi qazaqtyng keybir minez, qylyqtaryn angharuynan Abay taghylymy anyq bayqalady. Qazaq jana tughan jas sәbi, jalghyz úl, janerke nemerelerin til-kózden qorghaudyng ornyna, ýlkenderding ózi olardyng daryn, qabiletine tanday qaghyp, tanghalyp otyrady eken. Nege? Sóitsek, búl qazaq úrpaghyn keleshek blefke erterek dayynday bastaghany eken. Adamdar óz atymen, óz qabiletimen emes, ne ózinin, ne basqa bireulerding ataq-danqy, syi-siyapatymen ómir sýrudi әdetke ainaldyrypty. Qúr ataq arqyly kýn kóredi eken. Búnyng eng ziyandy jeri "ataqtynyn" janynda ataghy joq qabilettining eskerusiz qala beretindigi eken. Shynynda da týk bitirmey keudelerine temir taghyp kergip basqandardy kórgende ózinning betinnen otyng shyghatyny ras. Bayaghydaghy aq patshanyng Alashtyng agha súltandaryn marapattaghany siyaqty.
Qay tarapta jýrse de qazaqsha, qazaq ýshin ómir sýrgen jany jaysan, jazyqta aqqan dariyaday dana, baytaq dalasynday baysaldy, ózining ejelgi mekeni, tughan jeri Altaydyng Qobdasynday qormal, búl kýnde jetpisting jelkeninen ústaghan abyroyly aghagha úzaq ghúmyr jas tileymiz, qazaq ýshin qylar qyzmetiniz sarqylmasyn, atyna zaty say agha deymiz!

Baqytbek BÁMIShÚLY, Qazaqstan Jazushylar odaghynyng mýshesi

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