Qazaqstan men Qytay arasyndaghy ekijaqty ózara qarym – qatynas josparly týrde damuda-ózara sauda kólemi 2019 jyldyng birinshi jarty jyldyghynyng qorytyndysy boyynsha 31%-gha artyp, 6,8 mlrd. AQSh dollaryna jetti. Qytaydyng jyl sayynghy investisiyalyq aghyndary orta eseppen 22%-gha úlghaida. Seriktestik qatynastardy nyghaytugha «Beldeu jәne jol» bastamasy yqpal etedi, ol Qazaqstangha Europamen tauar ainalymyn arttyrugha mýmkindik beredi. Zertteu kórsetip otyrghanday, eksport kólemi 10%-gha úlghayghan kezde JIÓ-ning ózgerui 12%-dy qúraydy.

Qazaqstan men Qytay arasyndaghy diplomatiyalyq qatynastar 1992 jyldyng qantarynda ornatyldy. Qazaqstan ýshin eki jaqty ózara qarym-qatynastardy damytu syrtqy sayasy halyqaralyq qyzmetting manyzdy bóligi bolyp tabylady, әsirese әlemdik ekonomikanyng jahandanuy kezeninde.

Alghashqy sharttyq-qúqyqtyq bazanyng biri – 1993 jyly qabyldanghan Dostyq ózara qarym-qatynastardyng negizderi turaly birlesken deklarasiya Qazaqstan men Qytay arasyndaghy yntymaqtastyqty damytugha bastama boldy. Odan keyingi jyldary memleket basshylary birqatar manyzdy kelisimderge qol jetkizdi, olardyng arasynda shekara uchaskelerin anyqtau, yadrolyq qaru-jaraqty qoldanbau, elderding ishki isterine aralaspau, su resurstaryn saqtau jәne t. b. boyynsha uaghdalastyqtar bar.

Qazaqstan men Qytay arasyndaghy ózara qarym-qatynastyng negizgi sәti 1999 jyly XXI ghasyrdaghy jan-jaqty yntymaqtastyqty odan әri damytu turaly Birlesken deklarasiyany qabyldau boldy. Qol jetkizilgen kelisim ekonomikalyq ózara qarym-qatynasty jedeldetuge jana serpin berdi. Býgingi tanda Qytay Qazaqstannyng Reseyden keyingi iri syrtqy sauda seriktesterining biri bolyp tabylady. Mәselen, 2019 jyldyng birinshi jartyjyldyghynyng qorytyndysy boyynsha ózara sauda kólemi 6,8 mlrd. AQSh dollaryn qúrap, 2018 jyldyng sәikes kezenimen salystyrghanda 31%-gha artty. Aynalym qúrylymynda qazaqstandyq ónimning eksporty basym – 4 mlrd. AQSh dollar.

Últtyq ekonomikanyng ósui tauar ainalymy, import jәne eksport kólemimen tyghyz baylanysty. Mәselen, eksport 10%-gha úlghayghan kezde JIÓ ósimi shamamen 12%-dy qúraydy. Búl kórsetkish Qytaydyng Qazaqstan ekonomikasy ýshin joghary manyzdylyghyn týsindiredi.

Naryqtyng tez ózgerip kele jatqan koniunkturasy, halyqaralyq sauda-ekonomikalyq qaqtyghystar, әlemdik ekonomikanyng túraqsyzdyghy jaghdayynda Qazaqstan men Qytay arasyndaghy integrasiyalyq prosester últtyq ekonomikanyng damuyna syrtqy tәuekelderding әserin tómendetu ýshin erekshe mәn beredi. Eki elding ózara qarym-qatynasynyng basty bastamalarynyng biri 2013 jylghy 7 qyrkýiekte alghash ret úsynylghan «Beldeu jәne jol» baghdarlamasy bolyp tabylady. Búl bastama Jibek joly boyyndaghy sauda jәne kólik baylanystaryn nyghaytugha ghana emes, sonday-aq ónirlik dengeyde de, jahandyq dengeyde de beybitshilik pen túraqtylyqty saqtaugha yqpal etuge qabiletti.

Dýniyejýzilik sauda úiymynyng derekteri boyynsha, 2013 jyldan bastap 2017 jylgha deyingi kezende Qytaydyng «Beldeu jәne jol» bastamasyna qatysushy eldermen tauar ainalymy 5 trln AQSh dollarynan asty, al atalghan elderge Qytaydyng sheteldik investisiyalarynyng aghyny (ShIA) shamamen 70 mlrd AQSh dollaryn qúrady.

2015 jyldan bastap Ýlken euraziyalyq seriktestikti qalyptastyru ayasynda Euraziyalyq ekonomikalyq odaq pen «Beldeu jәne jol» tújyrymdamasyn ýilestiru júmystary bastaldy. 2019 jyly mamyrda EAEO men QHR arasyndaghy sauda-ekonomikalyq yntymaqtastyq turaly kelisimge qol qoyyldy. Qytaydyng EAEO elderimen tauar ainalymy 2018 jyly 126,3 mlrd AQSh dollaryn qúrady (2017 jyly — 102,7 mlrd. AQSh doll.).

Qytaydyng Qazaqstangha investisiyalyq aghyndary 2015 jyldan bastap ong dinamikany kórsetedi – ortasha jyldyq ósim 22%-dy qúraydy. Búl rette eng ýlken kólem 2018 jyly-1,5 mlrd. AQSh dollaryn qúrady, búl 2017 jylgha qaraghanda 37,6%-gha jәne 2015 jylgha qaraghanda 78,6%-gha kóp. 2019 jyldyng birinshi jartyjyldyghynda Qytaydan jalpy investisiya aghyny 362 mln. AQSh dollaryn qúrady.

2019 jyldyng birinshi toqsanynda Qazaqstan reziydentterining Qytay investorlary aldyndaghy mindettemeleri 15,3 mlrd. AQSh dallaryna jetti. Qazaqstan mindettemelerining jalpy qúrylymynda (220,3 mlrd. AQSh doll.) Qytay ýlesi 6,9%-dy qúrady. Ekonomikalyq qyzmet týrleri boyynsha eng ýlken kólem kólik jәne qoymalau (5 mlrd. AQSh doll.) salalarynda shoghyrlanghan, tau-ken óndirisi (2,6 mlrd. AQSh doll.), óndeu ónerkәsibi (2,1 mlrd. AQSh doll.), qúrylys (2 mlrd. AQSh).

Mindettemelerding negizgi kólemi 2019 jyldyng birinshi toqsanynyng qorytyndysy boyynsha 9,1 mlrd. AQSh dollaryn qúraghan tikeley investisiyalardyng esebinen qalyptasty. Qarjylandyrudyng basqa nysandary (kreditteu, lizing, jobalyq, aralas salymdar jәne t. b.) 6,2 mlrd. AQSh dollaryna jetti, al portfelidik investisiyalar – tek 464,8 myng AQSh doll. qúrady.

Portfelidik investisiyalar últtyq ekonomika ýshin joghary paydany bildiredi, sebebi investorlargha kәsiporynnyng qyzmetin baqylau nemese ony iyelenu qúqyghyn bermey aqsha qarajatyn tartugha mýmkindik beredi. Sonday-aq qarjylandyrudyng osy nysany joghary ótimdilikke iye, әrtaraptandyru qaghidattaryna jauap beredi jәne investisiyalau merzimderin derbes retteuge mýmkindik beredi. Degenmen de, Qazaqstanda olardyng tanymaldylyghy tómen. Búl qúndy qaghazdargha investisiyalau, halyqaralyq emiytentterdi tartu jәne halyqaralyq kapital naryqtarymen integrasiyalau mýmkindigimen tolyqqandy qor naryghyn damytu 2018 jyldyng 5 shildesinde Astana International Exchange (AIX) «Astana» halyqaralyq qarjy ortalyghyn (AHQO) qúrudan bastaldy. Qytay qor birjasyn qúru iydeyasyn qoldaushylardyng biri boldy, Shanhay qor birjasy men Jibek Joly Qory AIH aksionerleri atandy.

Qytay ekonomikasyna salynghan otandyq investisiyalyq aghyndar 2018 jyly 41,8 mln. AQSh doll. qúrady, búl 2017 jylgha qaraghanda (38,6 mln. AQSh) 8,2%-gha kóp. Qytay Qazaqstannyng tikeley investisiyalarynyng jalpy aghyny boyynsha Ýzdik-10 elding qataryna kiredi – investisiya ýlesi 3,2%-dy qúrady.

2019 jylghy shildening sonyndaghy jaghday boyynsha Qazaqstanda 2,5 myng Qytay kәsiporny tirkelgen, onyng ishinde júmys istep túrghany 1,1 myng kәsiporyn. Sonday-aq el aumaghynda 3 Qytay Banki júmys isteydi: Altyn Bank, Bank of China Kazakhstan jәne ICBC (Qytaydyng sauda-ónerkәsiptik banki). Birinshi jartyjyldyqtyng qorytyndysy boyynsha bankterding aktivteri 886,2 mlrd tengege nemese bank sektorynyng jalpy kólemining 3,5%-na jetti.

Qazaqstanda jalpy somasy 27,4 mlrd. AQSh dollaryn qúraytyn 55 qazaqstan-qytay jobasy jýzege asyryluda. 2015-2018 jyldar aralyghynda 10 kәsiporyn iske qosyldy.

Eng manyzdy jobalar:

• «DanAke» JShS sement óndirisi, China Gezhouba Cement Co. Ltd. 2018 jyldyng jeltoqsanynda paydalanugha berildi. Investisiyalar 178 mln. AQSh dollaryn qúrady, 226 júmys orny ashyldy;
• «SaryarqaAvtoProm» JShS jәne JAC Motors, CMC strategiyalyq әriptesimen birlesip Iri torapty qúrastyru (CKD/SKD) jәne úsaq torapty qúrastyru (CKD) әdisimen JAC markaly jenil avtomobilider shygharu. Kezen-kezenmen iske qosyldy: 2015 jyly I kezen, 2017 jyly II kezen. Investisiyalar 22 mln. AQSh dollaryn qúrady, 350 júmys orny ashyldy.
• «Qorghas — Shyghys qaqpasy» AEA aumaghyndaghy qúrghaq port, «KTZE-Khorgos Gateway» JShS, Lianyungang Port Holding Group Co. Ltd., COSCO Shipping Lines Co. Ltd. Investisiyalar 76 mln. AQSh dollaryn qúrady.

Iske asyru kezeninde 13 joba bar, 2019 jyly jalpy somasy 350 mln. AQSh dollaryn qúraytyn 3 jobany iske qosu kýtilude.

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