«Shyndyq әrqashanda jenedi, biraq keshigip jýredi»

Bauyrjan Momyshúly.

Kezinde soghystyng súrapyl jyldarynda asqan erlik kórsetip, qalyng jaugha taysalmay qarsy shapqan, biraq kórsetken erlikteri elenbey nemese batyr ataghy berilse de qaytarylyp alynghan qazaqtyng úl-qyzdary az bolmaghan. Búl әriyne sol kezdegi Kenester Odaghynyng sayasy solaqaylyghy jәne tarihy әdiletsizdigi edi. Sondyqtan, kezinde býkil Kenes eli mәrtebe tútqan joghary ataqqa ie bolyp túryp ie bola almaghan, jan qiyarlyq qaharmandyghy eskerilmegen sol bir qayran batyrlardyng jasaghan erlikterin oqyrman qauymgha tanystyrudy jón kórgen edik.

Úshqysh Bilәl Qaliyev

Solardyng biri 1941 jyly fashizmnyng ordasy bolghan Berlindi oida joqta bombynyng astyna alyp, Gitlerden bastap onyng jaqtastarynyng ýreyin alghan úshqysh Bilәl Qaliyev edi.

Ol 1917 jyly Kaspiy jaghasynda dýniyege kelgen. Sol kezdegi Krasnovodski qalasynda (Qazirgi Týrkmenstannyng Týrkmenbashy qalasy) orta mektepti bitirip, keyin alty ailyq statistter kursyn ayaqtaydy. Bir jylday «Yagman» kómir kenishinde júmys isteydi. Odan keyingi jyldary Karshy qalasynda temirjol stansasynyng kursynda oqidy. 1939 jyly әsker qataryna shaqyrylady. Chernigovte úshqyshtar uchiliyshesin bitirgennen keyin Zaporojie qalasynda әskery qyzmet etedi. Soghysqa sol aradan attanady.

1941 jyldyn tamyz aiynda Baltyq tenizining Sarema aralynan alysqa úshatyn DB-3 bombylaushy úshaqtary týn jamylyp, Kremlidin shúghyl tapsyrmasyn oryndau ýshin ayaq astynan Berlindi betke alady. Baltyq flotynyng 1-shi aviyapolkining komandiyri E.N.Preobrajenskiyding әue qyrandary esh kedergisiz oilamaghan jerden Berlin aspanynda erkin samghap nemis astanasyn ayausyz bombylaydy. Sonymen qatar, 16 tamyz kýni búl sapar qaytalanady. Baltyq maydany Áskery kenesining Berlinge jasalghan ekinshi әue shabuyly jónindegi bayandauynda mynanday joldar bar: «16 tamyz. 00 saghat 50 minuttan 02 saghat 40 minutqa deyin Berlindi bombalau jónindegi tapsyrmany oryndau... 4 úshaqtan onyng manyndaghy Shtettiyn, Neybrandenburg qalalaryna 5-FAB-250 (Fugas әue bombasy), 56-FAB-100 jәne 62-ZAB-50, ZPB-600 (órtegish bombalar) tastaldy».

Mine, osy aqparat Sovinformburonyng әue tolqyndary arqyly habarlanghanda kýn sayyn berilip jatqan qayghyly jaghdaylardan ensesi ezilgen el túrghyndary «uh» dep bir auyr demalghanday boldy. Berlinning bombalanuy jónindegi habar olardyng boyynda joghalyp bara jatqan senim úshqynyn qalpyna keltiredi.

Osynday jauapty da asa qauipti tapsyrmany oryndau barysynda asqan erlik pen kәsiby sheberlikting joghary ýlgisin kórsetken bir top úshqyshtargha Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataqtary berildi. Solardyng biri – Bilәl Qaliyev edi. Biraq, osy úshqyshtar kelesi bir tapsyrmany oryndau kezinde qaytyp oralmady. Snaryad tiyip úshaqtardyng kópshiligi aspannan janyp qúlaghanymen, olar nemisterding qolyna týsti dep kýdiktengen Kremli, olardyng týgelinen Kenes Odaghynyng Batyr ataghyn qaytaryp alady. Sóitip, Otan soghysyndaghy en alghashqy qazaq eri ózining batyr ataghynan osylay oida joqta aiyrylady.

Jaugha des bermegen mergen Tóleughaly Ábdibekov

Tóleughaly Ábdibekov 1916 jyly Ábdibek Nasyrhannyng әuletinde, Semey oblysynyng Jarma audanynda dýniyege kelgen.

... Tóleughaly 1942 jyldyng sonynda Panfilov atyndaghy diviziyanyng 1077- polkining Kalinin maydanyndaghy qysqy shabuyldary bastalghanda eng manyzdy alghy shepterde boldy. Onyng nysanany dәl tiygizip atuy fashisterding zәresin alyp, qútyn qashyrdy. Eng tandauly degen fashist mergenderi onyng sonyna týsti, alayda Tóleughaly olardy bir-birlep qúrtty. Sol bir qandy soghys uaqytynda Kenestik Qyzyl Armiyanyng qúryluyna arnalghan mereke qarsanynda jaudyng asqan sheber mergenimen jekpe-jek boldy. Búl kezde Tóleughaligha suyq tiyip, syrqattanyp jýrgen. Gitlershil qasqaghym sәtke ozyp ketti. Birinshi oq Ábdibekovke tiydi. Ólimshi bolyp jaralanghan agha serjant degenmen fashistten kegin alyp ýlgerdi. Gitlershil mergen batyr qazaqtyng songhy atqan oghynan sespey qatty. Búl ataqty mergenning esebine engen 395-shi dúshpan bolatyn.

Óining әriptesteri Kenes Odaghy Batyrlary, aty anyzgha ainalghan snayper V.Zaysev – 255, F.Smolyachkov 125 fashisti joyghan. Olar Batyr ataghyn aldy. Jylda, Jenis kýni – 9 mamyrda Mamaev qorghanynda Zaysevting qúrmetine salut beriledi. Fashister kezinde «qara ólim» dep ataghan T.Ábdibekov Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyn ýsh mәrte aluy kerek edi. Maydan shebinde qaza tapqan Tóleughaly aghamyzdyng eng joghary Batyr ataghyn ýsh ret almaq týgil, tym qúrysa, bir mәrte de layyqty baghasyn almauy týsiniksiz. Sol batyr V.Zaysevting atalary óz uaqytynda kulak bolghan eken. Degenmen, batyr ataghyn aldy. Soghys kezinde Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry IY.V.Panfilov atyndaghy atqyshtar diviziyasynyng 34 jauyngeri Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry atanghan. Jenisting 40 jyldyghyna arnalghan «Panfilovshylar» atty kitapta Tóleughaly Ábdibekovting esimi tek kitaptyng eng sonyndaghy hronikasynda jay ghana atylyp ótken. «Úly Otan Soghysy (1941 – 1945jj)» atty 1985 jyly Mәskeude jaryq kórgen soghys ensiklopediyasynda búl kisining esimi mýldem joq. Naghyz qaharman adamnyng búdan bylay da eline eleusiz, belgisiz bolyp qala berui qanshalyq әdiletti?

Tóleughaly orys jerinde, Kalinin oblysynda jerlengen. Tek №2916 nómerli snayper vintovkasy Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng emlekettik múrajayynda saqtauly túr.

Qúralaydy kózge atqan Ybrayym Sýleymenov

Ybrayym Sýleymenov 1908 jyly Jambyl oblysynyng Sarysu auylynda tughan. Ol әskerge alynghannan keyin Mәskeu manyndaghy ýshinshi ekpindi armiyadaghy qazaqtyng últtyq 100-shi atqyshtar brigadasynyng qúramynda bolyp, talay súrapyl soghystargha qatysty. Ataqty mergen atandy.

1943 jyldyng aqpanynda 100-shi atqyshtar brigadasy Neveli qalasyna bettedi. Mausym aiynda Kalinin maydanyna qolbasshy bolyp A.E.Eremenko, al 3-shi ekpindi armiyanyng basshylyghyna K.N.Galiskiy keldi. Úrys aldyndaghy ýzilis kezinde әskery jattyghular ótkiziletin. Sonday jarystardy Ybyrayym asqan sheber mergen ekendigin kórsete bildi. Maydan qolbasshysy Eremenko oghan әbden riza bolyp, keudesine Qyzyl júldyz ordenin qadap, qolyna ózining saghatyn taqty. Sodan song qapsyra qúshaqtap: «Esep boyynsha 239 fashisti jer qaptyrghanyng ras eken. Árdayym aman bol, sen – naghyz batyrsyn», - dedi. Al Galiskiy ózining «1941 – 1945 qaharly jyldar shejiresi» degen kitabynda Ybrayymnyng erligin sýisine jazady.

Taghy bir qúndy derek armiyalyq «Frontoviyk» gazetining 1943 jylghy 10 nauryzda shyqqan sanynda basylghan. Múnda: «Mergen joldas, Sýleymen Ybrayymday bol!», degen jalpy taqyryppen qúralaydy kózge atqan mergenning fashisterdi múrttay úshyrudaghy tәjiriybesi, aila-әreketi basqalargha ýlgi etip úsynylady. Betting tómengi jaghyna: «Ordendi mergen Ybrayym Sýleymenov 239 nemisti jer jastandyrdy», degen sózder ýlken әriptermen jazylyp qoyylghan.

Ybrayym Sýleymenov 1943 jyly shilde aiynda Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna úsynyldy. 3-shi tegeurindi armiya әskeri kenesining búl úsynysyn Kalinin maydanynyng basshylary bir saty tómendetip, Lenin ordenine týsirdi de, Sýleymenovting jauyngerlik qújaty jogharygha, Mәskeuge jiberildi. Sol qújat boyynsha Sýleymenovke KSRO Jogharghy Soveti Prezidiumynyng 1944 jylghy 4 mausymdaghy Jarlyghy boyynsha Lenin ordeni berildi.

Ol kezde Y.Sýleymenov ómirde joq edi. 1943 jyly 15 qazanda Neveli qalasyn fashisterden qorghau jolyndaghy shayqasta búrynghy 239 fashisting ýstine taghy 60 shaqty jaudy joyyp, asqan erlikpen qaza tapqan bolatyn.

Sonymen, ataqty mergenning qolynan oqqa úshqan nemis soldaty men ofiyserining sany 341 boldy. Jalghyz oqty vintovkamen osynshama jaudy joi – sol uaqyttaghy soghys tarihynda tek qana eki qazaqta: -  biri Tóleughaly Ábdibekovte (395 dúshpan) jәne osy Ybrayym Sýleymenovta ghana bolghan! Biraq, ekeuide Batyr ataghyn ala almady.

Ofiyser qyz Altynshash Núrghojinova

Fashizmning qara týnegi el basyna tóngende Otandy qorghaugha erlermen birge, әskery qyzmetke mindetti bolmasa da myndaghan qyz-kelinshekter óz erikterimen maydangha súranghan bolatyn. Otan soghysynda 100 mynnan astam әielder ordermen, medalidarmen marapattaldy. 91 әiel Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyn aldy.

Arhivtik mәlimetterge qaraghanda Qazaqstannan maydangha 5183 qyz-kelinshek attanghan. Olar qay maydanda bolmasyn erlik pen tabandylyqty, Otangha sheksiz beriluding jarqyn ýlgisin kórsetti.

Qazaq dalasynyng qos súnqary Áliya men Mәnshýkti býginderi kim maqtan etpeydi. Osy Otan soghysyna qatysqan qazaq әielderi az emes. Olardy maydannyng әr túsynda, әskery qúramalardyng әr týrinen kezdestiruge bolady. Aytalyq, shturman, gvardiya leytenanty «Halyq Qaharmany» Hiuaz Dospanova, úshaq mehaniygi Dәmeli Jәkeeva, zenitti artilleriya raschetining komandiyri Aqlima Aqjolova, tankistter Jamal Baytasova, Kýlken Toqbergenova, Gýljәmila Talqanbaeva, pulemetshi Jәmiylә Beysenbaeva. Sonymen qatar, Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna úsynylghan, biraq batyr ataghyn alalmaghan Altynshash Núrghojinovany aitugha bolady.

1944 jyly maydandyq «Patriot Rodiny» gazetinde «Dalanyng tiri bir gýli» degen taqyryppen jariyalanghan jauynger aqyn Mihail Levchenkonyng ólenin kezdestiruge bolady. Keyinnen ol maydan jyrlaryn toptastyrghanda búl ólendi jinaghyna engizgen.

Avtor ózining óleninde: «Altynshash Núrghojinovanyng ózim kózimmen kórip, kuәsi bolghan eresen erligining izi suymay jatyp jazghan edim», - deydi.

«Ol kezde men «Patriot Rodiny» gazetining qatardaghy qyzmetkeri edim. Maydanda material jinap jýrip, bir top soldattarmen jәne ofiyserlermen birge nemis fashisterining qorshauynda qalyp qoydym. Meninshe, búl Kotoviyse manynda bolsa kerek. Jaghday tym qiyn edi. Kenet jauyngerlerding arasynan qarshaday bir qazaq qyzy shygha keldi de, qorghanys úiymdastyryp algha úmtyldy. Granatamen jaudyng bir tankisin otqa orady. Ornynan túryp, «algha» dep ilgeri úmtylghanda, tasadan ekinshi temir tajal shygha kelgeni ghoy. Álgi qyz ai-kýige qaramastan soghan qarsy úmtyldy. Ózi de oq tiyip mert boldy. Joldastaryna da jol ashty. Búl osy batalionnyng komsorgi Altynshash Núrghojinova eken. Qaza tapqannan keyin búryndary kórsetken talay erlikterimen qosa osy jolghy batyrlyghy ýshin әskery kenesting úsynysymen, Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna layyq dep qújat toltyrylyp Mәskeuge jiberilgen kórinedi. Biraq, jogharghy jaqtan qazaqtyng erjýrek qyzyna batyr ataghy berilmedi», - deydi.

Osy batyr qyzdyng ómirbayanyna keletin bolsaq, ol 1924 jyly tughan, últy qazaq. Áskerge Mәskeu qalasynyng Stalin audandyq әskery komissariyatynan shaqyrylghan. 1941 jyly Oral әskery okruginde alty ailyq komsorgtar kursyn bitirgen, gvardiya leytenanty. Ortalyq, Voronej jәne Ukraina maydandarynda soghysqa belsene qatysqan. Onyng denesi Polisha jerinde Krakovsk voevodasynyng Gutopolyansk eldi mekenining soltýstik batys jaghyndaghy bauyrlastar ziratynda jerlengen.

Soghystyng aldynda Altynshash Núrghojinovanyng әke-sheshesi Mәskeu qalasynda qyzmet istegen eken. Al, qyzy bolsa sonda mektep bitirip, joghary bilim alghan. Jalpy, ómirbayanyn tekserip qaraghanda ata-anasy Qazaqstannyng shyghys ólkesinen, dep jazylghan. Naqty qay oblys ekeni belgisiz.

Qaytkende de, sol bir erjýrek qyz Altynshashtyng kórsetken erligi eresen, batyr atanuyna  әr týrli sebeppen qol qoyylmasada Mәnshýk pen Áliya jәne Hiuaz siyaqty erligi mәngi jasamaq.

Erding eri Baltabek Jetpisbaev

Baltabek Jetpisbaev 1907 jyly Semey oblysy, Múrat auylynda, sharua otbasynda dýniyege kelgen. Jastayynan tirshilik tauqymetin tartqan ol erte shirap, alghyr bolyp ósti. Bala kezinen ómirge syn kózimen qaray bildi. Jaqsy men jamandy, tendik pen tensizdikting arasyn ajyratty.

1922 jyly Múrat auylyndaghy jastar birigip, komsomol úyasyn qúrady da, hatshysy etip on bes jasar Baltabekti saylady. Búl úyada qyryqqa juyq mýshe bolady.

1926 jyly Baltabek Jetpisbaev Semey guberniyalyq komsomol konferensiyasyna delegat bolyp qatysady. Sonan song komsomoldyq joldamamen qazaqtyng 418-últtyq atty әsker polkynda әskerding komandiyri bolyp, polk komandiyrining orynbasary qyzmetin atqarady.

Otan soghysy bastalghanda Baltabek Jetpisbaev general-mayor IY.V.Panfilov basqarghan 316-atqyshtar diviziyasynyng 1075-atqyshtar polkining komsomol burosynyng hatshysy bolyp, әskery qyzmet atqardy. Maydanda jýrip, Baltabek Jetpisbaev kóptegen eren erlikting ýlgisin kórsetip, qaharmandyq tanyta bildi. Kórsetken batyrlyghynyng týgelin tizip jaza bermiy, tek bir ghana erligin aita keteyik.

Qyrghyn shayqastardyng birinde Baltabek basshylyq etken artdivizion fashisterding 60 tankisi, 20 bronitransporteri bar kýshine kenetten shabuyl jasap, qorshaugha alyp, joyyp jiberedi. Búl soghys uaqytynda Kenes Armiyasynda osy uaqytqa deyin kórsetilmegen ghajayyp erlik eken. Keyin búl erlik turaly әskery tilshi Vadim Kojevnikov «Pravda» gazetining 1944 jylghy 3 mausymyndaghy sanynda kólemdi material jariyalaydy. Keyipkerimizding múnday sheber úiymdastyrylghan tendessiz erlikter qanshama.

1967 jyldyng 30 qyrkýieginde qazaq halqynyng belgili ókilderi Úly Otan soghysyndaghy erekshe erlikterin eskerip Baltabek Jetpisbaevqa Sovet Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyn berudi ótinip, Mәskeuge hat jazady. Ol hattyng bir danasy D.A.Qonaevqa berildi. Onda Bauyrjan Momyshúly, general IY.V.Panfilovtyng qyzy V.IY.Panfilova, Mәlik Ghabdulliyn, Hakim Ábdirashitov, Dmitriy Snegiyn, Aqay Nýsipbekov, Andrey Kuznesov siyaqty panfilov diviziyasynyng ardagerleri Jetpisbaev erligin jazady.

KOKP Sayasy Buro mýsheligine kandidat, Qazaqstan Kommunistik partiyasy Ortalyq Komiytetining birinshi hatshysy D.A.Qonaev búl hatty Kenester Odaghynyng Marshaly, KSRO Qorghanys ministri R.Ya.Malinovskiyge joldaydy. Odan tómendegidey jauap keledi: «B.Djetpysbaev nagrajden mnogimy ordenamy y etogo dostatochno. Esly tovarish Kunaev ne soglasen, mojet obratitisya v SK KPSS».

Osydan keyin, D.A.Qonaev 1968 jyldyng 12 nauyryzynda KOKP Ortalyq Komiytetine Qazaqstan KP Ortalyq Komiytetining burosynyng «Panfilovshy – mayor B.Jetpisbaevqa Sovet Odaghy Batyry ataghyn beru turaly» degen arnayy qaulysyn joldap, L.IY.Brejnevke ótinish hatyn da qosa jiberedi. Al KSRO Jogharghy Kenesine joldanghan hat onyng tóraghasy Brejnevting qolyna tiygende ol:

-Biz endi eshqashan Úly Otan soghysy oqighasyna oralmaymyz. Ol eskirgen dýniye, - dep jauap qaytarypty.

Elining abzal perzenti, Baltabek Jetpisbaevqa «Halyq Qaharmany» degen joghary ataqty beretin uaqyt әlde qashan jetti dep oilaymyz.

Eger aitar bolsaq, Úly Otan soghysy kezinde 11 695 adam Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna ie bolsa, osylardyng 497-si qazaqstandyq, búlardyng 98-i qazaqtar. Sonday-aq, osylarmen qatar Kenes Odaghynyng Batyry ataghyna taghy úsynylghan qazaqtardyng sany 14 eken. Degenmen, osylardyng týgeli Batyr ataghyn belgili sebeptermen ala almaghan.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek

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