Qazaqtyng arghy-bergi tarihynda auyz toltyryp aitarlyqtay anghal da qaysar, halyq qamyn kózdegen qaharman, azattyq ýshin alysqan batyrlar az emes. «Ereuli atqa er salyp, egeuli nayza qolgha alyp» qylysh sermegen, elining azattyghy jolynda qúrban bolghan sol esil erlerding biri Isatay Taymanúly edi. Bókey ordasy men Kishi jýzding batys bóligin qamtyghan azattyq kóterilisining basshysy, Aghatay batyrdyng úrpaghy Isatay Taymanúlynyng tughanyna biyl - 220 jyl!

Jyl basynan beri batyrdyng merey­toyyna arnalghan sharalar elimizding әr týk­pirinde atalyp ótip jatyr. Jazdyng songhy kýnderinde Isatay Taymanúlynyng kindik qany tamghan tughan topyraghynda arnayy as berilse, ózge aimaqtarda osy taqyrypta әdebiy-mәdeny sharalar, ruhany jiyndar úiymdastyryluda. Juyrda Almatyda Abay atyndaghy Qazaq últtyq pedagogikalyq uniyversiytetinde elimizding Tәuelsizdigining 20 jyldyghyna arnalghan «Tarih jәne túl­gha. Isatay Taymanúly» atty res­pub­liy­ka­lyq ghylymiy-teoriyalyq konferensiya bo­lyp ótken edi. Oghan tarihshy ghalymdar men jas zertteushiler qatysyp, әleumettik tendik, últ-azattyq ýshin bolghan kýres ta­qy­rybyn ghylymy túrghydan talqylady. Konferensiyanyng maqsaty últ tarihynda qazaq búqarasyn ózining tabighiy-tarihy jәne zandy qúqy ýshin maqsatty úiym­das­qan kóteriliske alyp shyqqan qaharman da kemenger túlgha Isatay Taymanúlynyng ta­rihy beynesi arqyly jas úrpaqtyng sa­na­synda tarihy talgham qalyptastyru edi.

Qazaqtyng arghy-bergi tarihynda auyz toltyryp aitarlyqtay anghal da qaysar, halyq qamyn kózdegen qaharman, azattyq ýshin alysqan batyrlar az emes. «Ereuli atqa er salyp, egeuli nayza qolgha alyp» qylysh sermegen, elining azattyghy jolynda qúrban bolghan sol esil erlerding biri Isatay Taymanúly edi. Bókey ordasy men Kishi jýzding batys bóligin qamtyghan azattyq kóterilisining basshysy, Aghatay batyrdyng úrpaghy Isatay Taymanúlynyng tughanyna biyl - 220 jyl!

Jyl basynan beri batyrdyng merey­toyyna arnalghan sharalar elimizding әr týk­pirinde atalyp ótip jatyr. Jazdyng songhy kýnderinde Isatay Taymanúlynyng kindik qany tamghan tughan topyraghynda arnayy as berilse, ózge aimaqtarda osy taqyrypta әdebiy-mәdeny sharalar, ruhany jiyndar úiymdastyryluda. Juyrda Almatyda Abay atyndaghy Qazaq últtyq pedagogikalyq uniyversiytetinde elimizding Tәuelsizdigining 20 jyldyghyna arnalghan «Tarih jәne túl­gha. Isatay Taymanúly» atty res­pub­liy­ka­lyq ghylymiy-teoriyalyq konferensiya bo­lyp ótken edi. Oghan tarihshy ghalymdar men jas zertteushiler qatysyp, әleumettik tendik, últ-azattyq ýshin bolghan kýres ta­qy­rybyn ghylymy túrghydan talqylady. Konferensiyanyng maqsaty últ tarihynda qazaq búqarasyn ózining tabighiy-tarihy jәne zandy qúqy ýshin maqsatty úiym­das­qan kóteriliske alyp shyqqan qaharman da kemenger túlgha Isatay Taymanúlynyng ta­rihy beynesi arqyly jas úrpaqtyng sa­na­synda tarihy talgham qalyptastyru edi.

Bilim quyp, el isine erte aralasqan Isatay

Isatay batyr 1791 jyly qazirgi Aty­rau oblysy Qyzylqogha audany Taysoyghan qúmyndaghy Tayman jaly degen jerde dýniyege kelgen. IY.Taymanúlynyng tórtinshi atasy Aghataydyng esimi qalmaqtargha qarsy soghysta kórsetken erligi ýshin Berish ruy­nyng úranyna ainalghan. Isataydyng el isine erte aralasyp, kemeldenuine Taymannyng inisi Jabal Begalinning kóp kómegi tiyedi. Ol kisi oryssha oqyghan, әjepteuir sauaty bar adam bolghan. 1808 jyly Jabal bastaghan Begәli auyly Jayyqtan ótip, Bókey hannyng qarauyna kiredi. Han oryssha sauatty, saya­sat­tan habary bar, halyq aldynda bedeldi Jabaldy berish auylyna starshina etip qoyady. Jabal qaytys bolghannan keyin onyng ornyna starshina retinde Isatay Taymanúly bekitiledi.

Han Bókey Isataydyng basqaruyna Kaspiy tenizining soltýstik jaghalauyndaghy Qaraqamys, Kýigin, Kóldenen, Baysary, Kemeli araldaryn beredi. Osylaysha, ja­synan alymdy, sózge sheshen, birbetkey, ójet, qara qyldy qaq jaratyn әdil Isatay 21 jasynda Berish ruynyng starshinasy bolyp el basqarady, Ordadaghy bedeldi adamdardyng birine ainalady.

Isataydyng kýn sanap el arasynda be­deli asyp bara jatqanyn kóre almaghan han tóniregindegiler onyng bedelin týsiru ýshin týrli qastandyqtar oilastyryp, qara kýie jaghumen ainalysyp ketedi. Sonyng sal­da­rynan bas- ayaghy tórt-bes jyldyng ishinde birinde «starshyn Ótemis Qúlmaniyazovty tonady» degen, ekinshisinde «kisi óltirdi» degen jalamen týrmege qamalady. Onyng alghashqysynan aqsha berip qútylsa, ekin­shi­sinen Orynborgha konvoymen aidalyp bara jatqan jerinde esebin tauyp, qashyp ketedi.

Isatay kóterilisining payda boluy

Búl kezde Qazaq handyghynyng ishki isine tikeley aralasa bastaghan Resey otarshylary qazaqtardyng qúnarly jerlerin tartyp alyp, ózderin syrtqa quady. Oral kazak-orystary Jayyq boyyn iyemdenip alady. Múnday qysymshylyqty Isatay starshina bolyp jýrgen berish ruy da kóredi.

1833 jyly mausym aiynda Jәngir han osyghan deyin IY.Taymanúly basqaryp kel­gen Kaspiy tenizining soltýstik ja­gha­lauyn­daghy shóbi shýigin, suy mol bes araldy zorlyq-zombylyghymen aty shyqqan sau­dager Qarauylqoja Babajanovtyng biy­ligine berip, búryn Isataydyng qarauynda bolghan eldi sharuashylyqqa qolaysyz, suy da, shóbi de az, qúm basqan Myntóbege au­darady. Jәngir han Jayyq boyyndaghy rulardy ekige bólip, birin qayyn atasyna, ekinshisin ozbyr Qarauylqojagha basqartyp qoyady. Búl jaghday joqshylyqtan ashynghan sharualardyng ashu-yzasyn tudyrdy. Isa­tay hannan Qarauylqojanyng ozbyr biy­li­gine tyiym saluyn talap etedi. Búghan ashulanghan han Isataydyng ýnin óshiru ýshin bes jýzdey (key derekterde 800) jasaqpen Qarauylqojany attandyrady. Olardy Isatay batyr 200 jigitpen kýtip almaq bola­dy. Betpe-bet shayqasqa kelgende Isa­tay­dyng batyr jigitterine shamasy kel­mey­tinin bilip, Qarauylqoja keri qaytady. Búryn eshkimnen tauy shaghylmaghan, qara­ma­ghyndaghy elge degenin istep әdettengen Qarauylqojanyng Isataylargha eshtene istey almauy býkil Bókey handyghyna taray­dy. Osydan keyin-aq ozbyr minez Qarauylqoja men Balqy biyge baghynudan qashqan, ýstem tapqa yzasy kernegen sha­rualar toby әr jaqtan Isatay batyrdyng qol astyna jinala bastaydy. Ishki Ordada patsha ókimetining otarlyq mýddesin iske asy­rushy hannyng halyqqa jasaghan ozbyr­ly­ghyna IY.Taymanúly әu bastan qarsy bolady. Onyng qol astyndaghylargha hannyng әmiri jýrmeydi, al Isatay batyrgha Jәn­gir­ding әli kelmeydi. Hannyng tónireginde ne­gizinen tóreler, biyler, qojalar, mol­dalar jәne solargha ergen az ghana halyq qalady.

Múnyng ayaghy tarihtan belgili 1836-37 jyl­dardaghy Bókey ordasyndaghy sharua­lar­dyng feodaldyq qanau men patsha ókimetining otarlau sayasatyna qarsy kóte­rilisine úlasady. Kóterilis býkil halyqty qamtidy. Ártýrli alym-salyqtan kýizel­gen, jayylym jerden aiyrylghan, kazak әskerleri men jergilikti feodaldardyng eki jaqty ezgisinen әbden shydamy tausylghan búqara halyqtyng narazylyghy arta beredi, qoldaryna qaru alyp, kóteriliske shy­ghady.

Jәngir hannyng jәne basqa da feo­dal­dar­dyng halyqqa jasap otyrghan qysym­shylyghy turaly IY.Taymanúly bastaghan bir top starshina Orynbordaghy Shekara komiys­siyasyna, tipti gubernatordyng ózine talay ret aryzdar da jazady. Biraq odan eshqanday da qorytyndy shyqpaydy.

1836 jylghy mausymnyng sony men shilde aiynyng basynda IY.Taymanúly bas­taghan shaghyn top hangha halyq talabyn jet­ki­zu ýshin Tasobadan Jasqúsqa attanady. Isataylardyng kele jatqan habaryn estigen Jәngir han Astrahani әskery guber­na­to­rynan Ordany qorghau ýshin әsker jiberudi súraydy, sonymen birge uaqyt útu maq­sa­tyn­da Isataylardyng talaptaryn bilu ýshin olargha ózining senimdi adamyn jiberedi. Isataylar oghan Q.Babajanovty, B.Qúday­ber­genovti qyzmet oryndarynan bosatu turaly jәne Isataydyng ýlken úly Jaqiya­nyng qolymen jazylghan basqa da ta­lap­tardy tapsyryp, keyin qaytady.

1837 jyldyng jazynda Isatay batyr bastaghan kóterilis býkil Bókey handyghyna taraydy. Jәngir han men onyng aina­la­syn­daghylargha narazylardyng bәri Isataydyng ainalasyna jinalady. Kelgen jigitter at­pen, azyq-týlikpen, qaru-jaraqpen qam­ta­ma­syz etiledi. Osylaysha, IY.Taymanúly belgili bir tәrtipke negizdelgen azamattyq jәne әskery úiymnyng basshysyna aina­la­dy.

1837 jyldyng 16 qyrkýiegi kýni Isatay batyr bastaghan 200-den astam sarbaz ha­lyq­qa әbden jek kórinishti Qarauylqoja Babajanovtyng auylyn shabady. Odan alynghan mal men dýniye-mýlik sharualargha tara­tylyp beriledi. 1837 jylghy 17 qa­zan­da kóterilisshiler Balqy Qú­day­ber­ge­nov­tin, súltan M.Shókinning auyldaryn shauyp, han ordasy Jasqúsqa birte-birte jaqynday týsedi. IY.Taymanúlynyng ýlken qoldy basqaryp, Jasqúsqa kele jat­qandyghynan habardar Jәngir han Orynbor jәne Astrahani әskery gubernatorlaryna dereu hat jazyp, ózin qorghauyn súraydy. Bókey handyghyndaghy sharualar qozghaly­sy­nyng janghyryghy Resey astanasy - Sankt-Peterburgke de jetedi. Imperator IY.Taymanúly bastaghan «býlikshilerdi» qatang jazalaudy talap etedi. Han ordasyn qorghaugha Astrahaninan podpolkovnik Aliyev, al Orynbordan podpolkovnik Geke basqarghan zenbirektermen qarulanghan әskerler attanady.

Tarazy basyn tónkergen sheshushi shayqastar

Kóp úzamay Isatay batyr bastaghan 2000-nan astam qol han ordasyn qor­shaydy. Isti qantógispen emes, kelissózben shesh­pek bolghan olar aldymen han elshi­le­rimen, keyin Gekening elshilerimen nәtiyjesiz kelissóz jýrgizedi.

Mahambet, Ýbi, Segizseri jәne basqa da ba­tyrlardyng «han ordasyn shabayyq» degen úsynysyn Isatay qabyldamaydy. Sebebi dәstýrde ordagha shabu jaman yrym­gha baghalanatyn, onyng ýstine ordany shapqan kýnning ózinde de patsha ókimeti olardy tynyshtyqpen jýrgizbeytindigin, óit­keni Jәngir hannyng artynda patsha ókimeti men onyng jazalaushy әskerleri túrghandyghyn jәne sol әskerlerge qarsy tú­rarlyqtay ózinde kýshting joqtyghyn eskergen Isatay batyr halyq talabyn hangha, bir jaghynan, aibarmen, ekinshi ja­ghynan, kelissóz arqyly oryndatugha kýsh salady.

Han Jәngir shaqyrtqan patsha әskeri men Isatay batyrdyng iriktelgen 500 sar­ba­zynyng arasyndaghy sheshushi úrys 1837 jyly 15 qarashada Tastóbe degen jerde bolady. Kóterilisshiler qanshama erlikpen shayqassa da, úrystyng taghdyryn zen­bi­rek­ter sheshedi. Osy úrysta Isataydyng Myl­qym degen әieli, Aqay atty balasy qaza tabady. Tastóbedegi shayqasta kóte­ri­lis­shiler jaghynan 60-qa juyq adam óledi. Isa­tay batyrdyng ong qolyna oq tiyip, as­tyn­daghy aty jaralanady. Osy úrystaghy kóterilisshilerding erligine podpolkovnik Gekening ózi de qayran qalady. Ol Oryn­bor­daghy әskery gubernatorgha «Isa­tay­lardyng ózderi men otbasyn qorghaymyn dep shamadan tys erlikke, zenbirekke qar­sy shabuylgha baruy olardyng sonshama ashyn­ghandyqtaryn kórsetedi» dep jaz­ghan.

Isataydyng ólimi

Tastóbede qolgha týspegen Isataydyng basyna, ony tiridey ústaghangha 500 kýmis aqsha tigiledi. Alayda uәde etilgen aqshanyng qomaqtylyghyna qaramastan, ony eshkim ústap bermeydi. Kerisinshe, halyq ony jәne onyng sarbazdaryn qajetti azyq-týlikpen, kólikpen qamtamasyz etip otyrdy.

Ishki Ordada bytyrap jýrgen kóteri­lis­shilerding basyn biriktiruding mýmkindigi joq ekendigin týsingen IY.Taymanúly bir top joldasymen birge Kishi jýzge ótip ketu ýshin Jayyqtyng qatuyn kýtedi. 1837 jyldyng 12 jeltoqsanynan 13-ine qaraghan tanda ózining eski dosy Qúraq Mayabasovtyng kó­me­gimen IY.Taymanúly bastaghan 38 adam úiyt­qyp soqqan borandy paydalanyp, qazirgi Mahambet audanyndaghy Sarytoghay eldi mekeninen sәl tómen manda Jayyqtyng shyghys betine - Kishi jýzge ótedi. Olar qa­ran­ghylyq pen borannyng kómegimen art­tarynan ilese qughan kazaktar men Bay­ma­ghanbet súltannyng adamdaryn adastyryp, ýsh topqa bólinip, Taysoyghan jaqqa bet ala­dy.

Kishi jýzge ótken IY.Taymanúly bastaghan shaghyn top osy jerde patsha ókimetining otarlyq sayasaty men súltan Baymaghanbet Ayshuaqov bastaghan jergilikti feo­dal­dar­dyng qarapayym halyqty ezip-janshuyna qar­sy azattyq kýresti úiymdastyrugha kirisedi.

Isatay batyr men aqyn Mahambet býkil Kishi jýzdi aralap, patsha ókimetining otar­lyq sayasatyn jәne solardyng qolshoqpary - handar men súltandardyng halyqqa jasap otyrghan ozbyrlyghyn sharualargha týsindirip, olardy qoldaryna qaru alyp, ózderining azattyghy ýshin kýreske shyghugha sha­qyrdy. Sol maqsatpen Isatay Maham­betpen birge Manghystaugha baryp, onyng biyleushisi Q.Esimovpen kýsh biriktiruge uagh­da­lasady Sonymen birge Hiua hany Qayypqaly Esimovke patsha әskerlerin toytaru ýshin 20 myng әsker beruge uәde etedi.

IY.Taymanúly bastaghan kóterilisshilerge batyr Jolaman Tilenshiyev, by Jýsip Qú­la­nov bastaghan sarbazdar qosylady. Aday, Sherkesh, Taz, Shómekey, Tabyn, Kete ru­larynan Isatay men Q.Esimovting qol astyna 3000-day adam jinalady.

Patsha ókimeti IY.Taymanúlynyng bas­qa­ruy­men Kishi jýzding batys bóliginde bolyp jatqan halyq narazylyghynyng odan әri órshuinen qauiptenip, ony basudyng qamyna kirisedi. Óitpegen jaghdayda búl kóterilis Kishi jýzge qaray jaqyndap kele jatqan Kenesary Qasymov basqarghan últ-azattyq kóte­riliske úlasyp, patsha ókimetining otar­shyl­dyq ezgisine qarsy halyq-azattyq soghysqa ainaluy әbden mýmkin edi. Osyny eskergen Orynbor general-gubernatory 1838 jylghy shilde aiynyng basynda pod­pol­kovnik Geke basqarghan zenbirektermen qarulanghan әskerlerdi Isataylargha qarsy attandyrady. Sonymen bir mezgilde Gorsk qamalynan bir top әskerdi bastap Bay­ma­ghambet Ayshuaqov ta shyghady. Ja­za­lau­shylardyng eki toby 10 shildede Ýlken Qob­da ózenine jaqyn jerde kezdesedi.

Baymaghambet súltan әdeyilep jibergen Balta degen aldaushynyng sózine senip qalghan anghal Isatay batyr qasyna 500 sar­baz alyp, súltan B.Ayshuaqovtyng auy­lyn shappaqshy bolyp, negizgi qoldan bó­linip shyghady. Jazalaushy әskerlerding kelip jetkendiginen beyhabar Isataylar toby 1838 jylghy 12 shilde kýni Aqbúlaq ózenining jaghasynda Geke men Baymaghambet súltannyng birikken әskerining ýstinen shyghady. Ásker kýshi jaghynan teng emes shay­qasta Isatay batyr bastaghan kóteri­lis­shiler asqan erlik kórsetedi. Alayda múnda da Tastóbedegi siyaqty úrys taghdyryn zenbirekter sheshedi. Aqbúlaq ózenining jaghasyndaghy keskilesken shayqasta Isatay batyr da, onyng 16 jastaghy úly Ospan da qaza tabady. Osy shayqastyng basy-qa­syn­da bolghan Isataydyng 14 jastaghy úly Dosmaghanbet astyndaghy atynyng jýiriktigi arqasynda Mahambetpen birge jau qolyna týspey, qútylyp ketedi.

Isatay batyr 12 shilde kýni qapylysta qaza tapqannan keyin, kóterilis odan әri damymay, sarbazdar jan-jaqqa bytyrap ketedi. Osylaysha, bas-ayaghy alty aigha jet­peytin qysqa uaqytty qamtyghan, aumaghy men sarbazdardyng sany jaghynan Bókey handyghyndaghy kóterilisten asyp týsetin, býkil Kishi jýz dalasyn dýr silkint­ken batyr Isatay Taymanúly bastaghan ha­lyq-azattyq kóterilis jeniliske úshy­raydy.

Isatay batyr bastaghan kóterilisting je­ni­liske úshyraghany anyq. Alayda dәl osy dýmpuden keyin halyqqa qoyylatyn alym-salyqtyng mólsherin jyldan-jylgha kótere beruge shek qoyyldy; patsha ýkimetining kó­te­rilisti qoldaghan qazaq auyldarynyng star­shyndarymen sanasuyna tura keldi.

Býginde Isatay kóterilisi taqyrybyna qalam tartqan keybir tarihshylar, jur­na­liys­terding Jәngir men Isatay, Baymaghambet súltan men Mahambet arasyn «tabystyru», «jarastyru» әreketi bayqalady. Jalpy, qazirgi kýni Istay men Mahambet kó­te­ri­lisining tarihy baghasy әrtýrli berilip jýr. Mәselen, konferensiyada professor Ázim­bay Ghaly tarapynan Isatay men Ma­hambet Jәngir han jýrgizgen reformagha qarsylyq kórsetti, yaghny olar konser­va­tivtik ústanymda boldy, al eger qazaq qo­gha­my Jәngir han úsynghan jolmen ketkende býgin biz shamamen Chehiya siyaqty europalyq memleketting dengeyinde bolatyn edik degen tújyrym da aityldy. Jalpy, múnday pikir búdan búryn da jazylyp jýr. Mә­selen, M.Qúlkenov pen R.Otarbaevtyng Jәn­gir hannyng ómiri men qyzmetine arnal­ghan kitapta jazylghan.

Búghan tarihshy ghalym Mәmbet Qoy­gel­dining aitar qarsy uәjderi mynaday: «Birinshiden, Isatay Taymanúly men Jәngir han­nyng ózara arpalysynda hannyng jen­geni kýmәn tudyrmasa kerek. Qazaq jerine entelep enip kele jatqan «euro­palyq» biylik birjola ornady. Búl Jәngir han partiyasynyng jenisi emey ne?! Olay bolsa, Qazaqstan osy biylik jaghdayynda Chehiya jetken dәrejege nege jetpedi? Ekinshiden, Jәngir hannyng aghartushylyq qyzmeti tarih ghylymynda joqqa shygharylmaydy. Al biraq onyng sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq qyz­me­tin asyra baghalap, búqara halyq mýd­de­sine jasaghan qiyanatyna kóz júmu qan­sha­lyq­ty negizdi bola qoyar eken? Ýshinshiden, Isatay men Mahambetti europalyq ús­ta­nym­daghy Jәngir hannyng refor­ma­torlyq qyzmetin týsine almaushylar retinde kórsetu búl kezinde bolishevikterding Alash qay­rat­kerlerin tabighy últ mýddesin qor­ghau­shylar retinde emes, retrogradtar retinde aiyptauyn eske salady. Osyghan oray mynany aitugha tiyispin: Isatay men Jәngir han arasyndaghy eges - qazaq qogha­myn­da, onyng ishinde kishi jýz auqymynda búrynnan kele jatqan, yaghny Esim han men Syrym batyr, Jantóre han men Qaratay súltan arasyndaghy ózara teketiresting tabiy­ghy jalghasy».

Qazaq qoghamynan HIH ghasyrdyng al­ghash­qy jartysynda-aq әleumettik әdi­letsizdikke qarsylyq kórsetip, han men onyng suzeren-qamqorshysy - imperiyalyq biylikten aqyryp tendik súraghan Isatay siyaqty úly túlghanyng shyqqanyn maqtanysh tútqanymyz әbden oryndy da, negizdi. El Preziydenti Núrsúltan Nazarbaev Mahambet Óte­mis­úlynyng tughanyna 200 jyl toluyna arnalghan jiynda búl tarihy oqighagha: «Qazaq halqynyng ózining jer betinen jogha­lyp ketpey, irgeli el retinde saqtalyp qalghany - onyng erkindik sýi­gish erik-jige­rinin, asqaq ruhynyng arqasy. Osy jolda arghy-bergi zaman­darda oryn alghan bas kóterulerdin, qozghalys - kóterilisterding arqasy. Eli men jeri ýshin janyn pida et­ken boz­daqtardyng arqasy. Isatay men Maham­bet basqarghan halyq qozghalysy solar­dyng biri emes, biregeyi», - dep bagha ber­gen bolatyn. Endeshe biz býgin Isatay Taymanúlynyng biyik ruhy al­dynda ba­sy­myz­dy ie otyryp, ótkenge salauat aityp, Isatay armandaghan zaman­nyng endi kel­genin, qanshalyqty auyr kezenderdi basy­nan keshirgenimen, qazaq eli ózining negizgi, basty qúndy­lyq­taryn saqtay bilgendigin senimmen aita alamyz.

Mәmbet QOYGELDI, tarih ghylymynyng doktory, professor:

- Isatay Taymanúly men Mahambet Ótemisúly - qazaq tarihy kóshindegi kez­dey­soq, tek bir kezenge ghana tәn ótkinshi túlghalar emes, kótergen qoghamdyq jýgi men jeke azamattyq ýlgisi túrghysynan últ jadynda mәngi saqtalatyn qaytalanbas qúbylystar. Óitkeni olar óz ghúmyrlaryn arnap, ornyqtyrugha kýsh salghan qúndylyqtar, yaghny halyqtyng óz ishindegi әleumettik tendigi, sonday-aq ózge júrttan tәuelsizdigi esh uaqytta manyzyn joghaltqan emes.

Áriyne, Isatay Taymanúly túlghasyn onyng artynda túrghan qalyng júrtynan, sol elding san ghasyrlyq mәdeniyetinen bólip alyp qarau mәselening tabighatyna qiyanat jasaumen teng bolar edi. Mine, osy túrghydan alghanda, Isatay Taymanúly men Mahambet Ótemisúly - HIH ghasyrdyng alghashqy jartysyndaghy qazaq azattyq qozghalysynyng kósh bastaushylary ghana emes, sonymen birge últtyq mәdeniyet pen elitanyng osy mezgildegi dәreje, dengeyin anyqtaushy tarihy qúbylystar.

Kóterilisting basyna Isataymen birge, Mahambet siyaqty iri túlghanyng kelui kezdeysoq qúbylys emes. Ol sol tarihy mezgildegi qazaq qoghamynyng ruhany әlemining tereninde jýrip jatqan ghalamat silkinisterding kórinisi edi.

Birinshiden, Isatay qozghalysyn HIH ghasyrdyng alghashqy jartysynda býkil qazaq eli kólemin qamtyghan ondaghan reseylik ekspansiyagha qarsy qozghalystar konteksinde ghana tura týsinip, baghalau mýmkin. Ol - sózsiz, ózining shyghu negizi túrghysynan reseylik ekspansiyanyng nәtiyjesi.

Sonymen birge Isatay men Mahambet kóterilisining sol tarihy mezgildegi ózge qarsylyqtardan bólip túrghan basty bir ereksheligi bar. Ol kóterilisting ashyq ta aiqyn «qara qazan, sary balanyn» qamyn jegen búqaralyq sipat aluynda edi. Búdan búryn qazaq jerinde birde-bir quatty qoghamdyq qozghalys múnday aiqyn әleumettik, anyghyraq aitqanda, taptyq sipat alghan emes.

Avtor: Sәken KÓKENOV

Abay OMAROV (kollaj)

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