Haker degenimiz kimder? Kiyberqylmysker me? Zang búzushy ma? Jay búzaqy ma? Joq, әlde úry ma? Álde kompiuterlik jýiening únghyl-shúnghylyn әlemdik dengeyde óte tereng biletin asqan intellekt iyesi, aqyldy mashinany miy on, jýz ese orap ketetin danyshpan ba? Ne desek te, ainalyp kelgende iri qauipsizdik jýiesin basqaratyndar da osy «zang búzushylardyn» ózderi bolyp tabylady.

Haker degenimiz kimder? Kiyberqylmysker me? Zang búzushy ma? Jay búzaqy ma? Joq, әlde úry ma? Álde kompiuterlik jýiening únghyl-shúnghylyn әlemdik dengeyde óte tereng biletin asqan intellekt iyesi, aqyldy mashinany miy on, jýz ese orap ketetin danyshpan ba? Ne desek te, ainalyp kelgende iri qauipsizdik jýiesin basqaratyndar da osy «zang búzushylardyn» ózderi bolyp tabylady.
Internetting payda boluymen qylmystyng jana týri - kiyberqylmys payda boldy. Kiyberqylmysker kórinbeytin jeke adam boluy da, úiymdasqan birneshe top boluy da mýmkin. Halyqaralyq valuta qory oqtyn-oqtyn osynday hakerlerding shabuylyna tap bolyp túrady. Kiyberqylmyskerlerdi týrli elderding ekonomikalyq jәne әskery jaghdayy jónindegi aqparattar bazasy qyzyqtyrady. Ony olar shpiondyq baghdarlamalar arqyly jýzege asyrady. Kóbinese virus qoldanyp, qúpiya qújattargha qol jetkizedi. Kiyber-terrorshylar virtualidy soghys jýrgizu arqyly ózge memleketke orasan ziyan shektiredi. Qazir búrynghyday bóten bir elge barlau maqsatynda shpion dayyndap, jasyryn shekara asyryp jiberuding kýni ótken. Planetanyng bir búryshynda qozghalmay otyryp-aq myndaghan shaqyrym jerdegi elding qorghanys jýiesin talqandap, qúpiyasyn shashyp, jaryghyn óshirip, aqshasyn talan-tarajgha salyp kete beretin zaman tudy. Mәselen, AQSh-taghy ataqty Pentagon byltyr asa quatty kiybershabuylgha úshyrady. AQSh qorghanys miy-nistrligi habarlaghanday, qytaylyq hakerler myndaghan qújattyng qúpiyasyn alyp ketken. Onyng aldynda Pentagonnyng kompiuterlik jýiesinen 24 myng qúpiya fayl úrlanghan. Qytaylyq hakerler AQSh-tyng óndiriske engizgeli otyrghan jana túrpattaghy әskery úshaghynyng da jobasyn úrlap ketken Aq ýy múny AQSh-qa qarsy qoldanylghan әskery agressiya dep baghalady. Teksere kelgende, әlgi kiybershabuyldyng kóbisi Qytaydyng Szinani degen qalasynan jasalghan dep tapty. Búl qala amerikalyq barlaushylargha búrynnan belgili bolyp shyqqan. Sebebi onda Qytay halyq armiyasynyng barlau qyzmetining bir shtab-pәteri ornalasypty. Qytay jaghy «Hakerlik - halyqaralyq problema, odan Qytaydyng ózi zardap shegip otyr» dep AQSh-tyng barlyq aiyptaularyn joqqa shyghardy. AQSh-tyng arnauly qyzmet oryndary elektrondy shpiondyq әreketi ýshin byltyr kýzde Qytay men Reseydi arnayy týrde aiyptaugha da mәjbýr boldy. Ne kerek, Pentagon ýshin kiyberkenistikti qorghau býginde qúrlyq, múhit nemese әue kenistigin qorghaudan artyq bolmasa, kem bolmay túr. Sondyqtan kompiuterlik jýiening qauipsizdigi ýshin ol jaqta jyl sayyn ondaghan million dollar qarjy bólinip túrady. Endi she, әlgindey kiy-bershabuyldan alpauyt el jyl sayyn 100 milliard dollar shyghyngha batatyn kórinedi.
Kóbinese kiyberqylmyskerler bóten bireuding atynan seksualdyq mazmúndaghy týrli sayttar engizumen shúghyldanady. Oghan jenil jýristi qyzdardyng suretin ilip, mekenjayy men telefonyn kórsetip qoyady. Búdan basqa týrli mekemeler men úiymdardyn, bankter men kompaniyalardyng jelidegi esep-qisap qújattaryn búzyp kirip, basqa bir esepshotqa audaru arqyly qomaqty aqsha jymqyrady. Mәselen, qazaqstandyq Oleg Zezev (laqap aty Sasha Maniyak) belgili amerikalyq qarjyger Maykl Blumbergten qúpiya aqparat ýshin 200 myng dollar talap etip, AQSh-ta qolgha týskeni belgili. Býginde ony Kanadada túrady dep estiymiz. Al reseylik jiyrma jastan jana asqan bir haker alty aidyng ishinde AQSh-tyng kompaniyalary men úiymdarynyng qorjynynan 3,2 million dollar úrlapty. Sarapshylardyng mәlimetinshe, ol aiyna 533 000, al kýn sayyn 17 000 dollar úrlap otyrghan. Ýiining bir quysynda tyghylyp otyryp alyp әlemning әr týkpirine shabuyl jasaghan haker 25 myng kompiuterge zaqym tiygizgen. Osylaysha, әr elding bankterinen elek-trondyq jeli arqyly jyl sayyn milliondaghan dollar aqsha jymqyrylyp jatatyny jasyryn emes. Keybir hakerler qylmysynyng sonyna ózining aiparaday qoltanbasyn qaldyryp ta kýidiredi eken.
Kóbinese aqparattyq bazasy qúrbandyqqa úshyraghan iri biznesmender men kompaniyalar ózderining bedeline, odan da búryn halyq senimine núqsan kelmes ýshin hakerlerding shabuylyn jariyalaghysy kelmey, óz betterinshe sheshuge úmtylatyny anyqtalghan. Aqparattyq tehnologiya salasyndaghy qylmystyq iske baratyndar kóbinese 13 pen 25 jastyng arasyndaghylar eken. Búl jaghdayda kiyberqylmyskerlerdi ekige: kәsiby hakerler men búzaqy jetkinshekter dep bóluge bolady. Birinshileri, әriyne, joghary bilimdi, bógde bazagha zansyz basyp kirip qana qoymay, jauapkershilikten zandy týrde sytylyp kete de biletinder. Al ekinshileri, ýiinde ghalamtorgha qosylghan kompiuteri bar 13-15 jastaghy bozókpe «danyshpandar».
Qazaqstanda da hakerlerding az emestigi, tútas mektepterding bary ras. Olar óz ishterinde shartty týrde «aqyldylar» men «aqylsyzdar» dep bólinedi. «Aqylsyzdar» jýieni búzumen ghana ainalysady. «Aqyldylar» jýieni búzyp qana qoymay, ony qalay qalpyna keltiruge bolatyny jóninde aqyl-kenes qaldyrady. Kez kelgen jýieni búzyp kiruge bolady, óitkeni ony da jasaghan júmyrbasty adam. Eng bastysy - aqparatty qorghau men hakerlik shabuylgha der kezinde toytarys bere bilu. Hakerler - kez kelgen baghdarlamanyng únghyl-shúnghylyn tap basatyn joghary sanatty mamandar. Jalpy, bógdening bazasyn búzyp kiretin adamdar ýshke bólinedi: hakerler, friykerler, krekerler. Ýsheui de zanmen qudalanady. Biraq hakerlerding útysqa shyghatyn bir jeri, olar jýieni búzumen qatar, qatyryp jóndep te beredi. Osy jerden aqparatty qorghaudy jetildiru (progress) shyghady. Áriyne, biz aityp otyrghan mәselege әr memleketting óz azamattaryn pornografiyadan, qylmystyq, terroristik, ekstremistik resurstardan qorghau maqsatynda internetti qadaghalauy jatpaydy. Ol eldik túrghyda qolgha alynatyn is. Bizding aityp otyrghanymyz kiyberúrylardyng jayy.
Kez kelgen aqparat abaylamasa adamnyng ózine qarsy júmys isteui mýmkin. Jýieni paydalanushylar múny esten shygharmauy tiyis. Búl degen ne? Aytalyq, siz internette elektrondy aqshamen sauda jasadynyz delik, yaghny kartanyzdyng nómiri, paroliniz, logiyniniz ózinizge qarsy paydalanyluy әbden mýmkin. Múnday jaghdayda ýlken jauapkershilik ózinizge jýkteletinin esten shygharmaghanynyz dúrys. Kez kelgen habarlamagha senip, kodynyzdy beruge bolmaydy. Kez kelgen tútynushy ózi turaly kuәlik beruding qanshalyqty qajettigin aldymen ózi sheshui tiyis. Áriyne, búl jaghday zanmen baqylanatyny jәne qorghalatyny anyq, degenmen saq bolghan abzal.
Hakerlik ortada esimi anyzgha ainalghan túlghalar kóp. Sonyng biregeyi - Kevin Mitnikting atynyng ózi «haker» degen sózding sinoniymine ainalyp ketken. Ol әlemdegi nómiri birinshi haker atalady. Kompiuterden habary joq adamdardyng ishinde de onyng atyn estimegenderi siyrek desek, artyq emes. AQSh әdilet ministrligindegiler ony barlyq uaqyttaghy eng qauipti kiyberqylmysker sanaydy. Oghan arnap arnayy filim de týsirilgen. Óz kedey otbasynda 1963 jyly dýniyege kelgen. Ýsh jasynda ata-anasy ajyrasyp ketken. Sheshesi balasyn alyp, Los-Andjelosqa kóship keledi de, jergilikti syra satatyn dýkende satushy bolyp isteydi. Azannan keshke deyin qoly bosamaytyn sheshesining Kevinge qaraugha múrshasy bolmaydy. Ózimen-ózi qalatyn Kevin kýni boyy ýlken qalanyng kóshelerin sharlaumen kýn ótkizedi. Sheshesi qaltasyna salyp bergen azyn-aulaq aqsha kýn ótken sayyn azdyq etetindi shygharady. Sóitip, bolashaq alayaq jastayynan aldau men arbaudyng barlyq ótkelinen ótedi. Búl qasqang әu basta avtobusta tegin jýru ýshin Los-Andjelostaghy kólik kartasyn búzyp kirgen. Búdan keyin telefon jýiesi qondyrghysynyng únghyl-shúnghylyna deyin bilip alyp, tegin qonyraular shalumen ainalysqan. Keyin kompiuterlik jelige enuding asqan sheberine ainalady. Ótken ghasyrdyng 80-jyldary osy Kevin barlyq iri kompaniyalardyng kompiuterlik jýiesin búzyp kirgen. Eshqanday qor-ghanys jýiesi oghan tittey de kedergi keltire almaghan. Sóitip jýrip, bir iri korporasiyanyng qúpiya jýiesining talqanyn shygharghany ýshin abaqtygha jabylghan. Búdan keyin Mitnik AQSh-tyng memlekettik qúpiya qorghanys jýiesine basyp kirip, býkil eldi shulatady. Jal-ghyzbasty kamerada bes jyl otyryp, 2000 jyly tútqynnan bosap shyqqan son, Kevin sýiikti «kәsibin» tastap, ózining kompiuterlik qauipsizdikpen ainalysatyn firmasyn qúrady. Sóitip, kompiuterlik qauipsizdik boyynsha kenesshi bolyp taghayyndalady. «Aldau óneri» degen kitap jazyp shygharady. Onyng búl kitaby júrtty aldaugha emes, aldanbaugha ýiretuimen qúndy dýnie sanalady. Sebebi onda ol óz tәjiriybesimen bólisip, qaqpangha týsuden saq boludyng joldaryn jayyp salghan.

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