Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng jeke el bolyp, órkeniyetti damu jolyna týskenine otyz bir jylday uaqyt boldy. Degenmen, el damuy tek onyng ekonomikalyq jetistikterimen aiqyndaldy desek qatelesemiz. Alayda, dәl qazirgi әlemdegi sayasi-ekonomikalyq jәne әleumettik-mәdeny jaghday bizding elimizden buyrqanghan órkeniyetter toghysynda jetimsiregen kýy keshpey, dýniyedegi óz ornyn tezirek aiqyndaudy talap etedi. Osy orayda jastar men biylik arasyndaghy qarym-qatynas mәselesi birden algha shyghady.

Qazaqstanda jastar sayasatyn basqaru salasynda әrtýrli tәsilder qoldanyldy. 1991 jyly qúrylghan Jastar isi, dene shynyqtyru jәne sport jónindegi memlekettik komiytet kóp úzamay Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Jastar isi jónindegi memlekettik komiyteti bolyp qayta qúryldy. Jergilikti jerlerde barlyq oblystarda, kóptegen qalalar men audandarda Jastar isi jónindegi komiytetter qúryldy; birqatar jerlerde olar basqa memlekettik qúrylymdarmen biriktirildi nemese әkimshilik qúramyna kirdi.

Endi egemendi elding jastar sayasatyna baylanysty qolgha alghan tarihy qadamdaryna toqtala keteyik.

1991 jyldyng mausymynda alghashqylardyng biri bolyp "Qazaq SSR-indegi memlekettik jastar sayasaty turaly" Zang qabyldandy.

Onyng izin ala 1993 jyly Jastar isi jónindegi memlekettik komiytet pen turizm, dene shynyqtyru jәne sport ministrligi taratylyp, olardyng ornyna birynghay organ Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Jastar isi, turizm jәne sport ministrligi qúrylady.

Aragha ýsh jyl salyp, 1996 jyldyng qazan aiynda Memleket basshysynyng Ókimimen Ýkimet "jastar turaly" Zang jobasyn әzirlep, 1997 jyldyng birinshi toqsanynda Parlamentting qarauyna shyghardy. Búdan basqa, shaghyn jәne orta kәsipkerlikti memlekettik qoldau, jastar shygharmashylyghyn, әleumettik manyzy bar bastamalardy, balalar men jastardyng búqaralyq aqparat qúraldaryn damytu sharalaryn әzirleu qajet boldy.

"Novoe pokoleniye" gazetinde 1998 jyldyng sәuir aiynda "Za budushee Kazahstana" Respublikalyq jastar qozghalysy kenesi men aqparat, mәdeniyet jәne qoghamdyq kelisim Ministrligining jastar sayasaty bólimi әzirlegen Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng jastar sayasaty Tújyrymdamasynyng jobasy jariyalandy.

1999 jylghy shildede Memlekettik jastar sayasaty tújyrymdamasynyng jobasy memlekettik sayasat jónindegi Últtyq kenesting otyrysynda talqylandy, onda birinshi kezekte tújyrymdama tiyisti zannamalyq bazany qúrugha baghyttalghandyghy atap ótildi; búl baghyttaghy júmys Parlament deputattaryn, memlekettik sheneunikterdi, jastar úiymdarynyng ókilderin biriktiretin QR Parlamenti Mәjilisining janynan qúrylghan arnayy júmys tobynda jýrgizildi. Nәtiyjesinde 1999 jylghy 28 tamyzda Qazaqstan Respublikasy Preziydentining ókimimen adam qúqyqtarynyng jalpygha birdey deklarasiyasynyng negizin qalaushy iydeyalary men prinsipterine, BÚÚ-nyng 2000 jylgha deyin jәne odan keyingi kezenge arnalghan jastardy damytu jónindegi Dýniyejýzilik is-qimyl baghdarlamasyna, Bala qúqyqtary turaly konvensiyagha, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Konstitusiyasyna, sol kezdegi el Preziydentining "Qazaqstan-2030. Gýldenu, qauipsizdik jәne qazaqstandyqtardyng әl-auqatyn jaqsartugha" negizdelgen qújat ómirge keldi. Búl Tújyrymdama bes bólimnen túrdy. Onda qoghamnyng strategiyalyq resurstaryn damytudyng manyzdy baghyttarynyng biri retinde memlekettik jastar sayasatynyng qajettiligi negizdelgen, osy sayasattyng negizgi maqsaty, basymdyqtary, negizgi qaghidattary men baghyttary, sonday-aq basqaru organdary aiqyndaldy.

2001 jylghy 15 mausymda memlekettik jastar sayasaty mәselesi boyynsha parlamenttik tyndaular ótip, onda arnayy zandy qabyldau qajettigi turaly naqty sóz boldy. Tyndaudyng aldynda ýlken dayyndyq júmystary jýrgizildi. Deputattar ózderi saylanghan okrugterge baryp, belsendi jastarmen kezdesti. Osydan keyin baryp, alghashqy núsqasy jónge kelgen "Qazaqstan Respublikasyndaghy memlekettik jastar sayasaty turaly" Zang jobasy 2002 jyldyng mamyr aiynda respublikalyq baspasóz betterinde jariyalandy. QR Parlamenti Mәjilisi ózining arnayy Qaulysymen әleumettik-mәdeny damu jónindegi komiytetke osy zang jobasyn qarap, ol boyynsha qorytyndy әzirleudi tapsyrma berdi. Úsynylghan zang jobasy jastar ortasynda birshama qoldau tapty.

2003 jylghy qantarda Parlament Mәjilisining júmys toby memlekettik jastar sayasaty turaly zang jobasynyng ýkimettik núsqasyna deputattar úsynghan týzetulerdi qarastyrdy. Jas qazaqstandyqtardyng bilim aluyna, jastardy júmysqa ornalastyrugha, sonday-aq túrghyn ýy nesiyege alugha qatysty normalar әzirleushiler men deputattar arasynda ýlken pikirtalas tudyrdy.

2003 jylghy 29 Mamyrda zang jobasy әleumettik-mәdeny damu komiytetining otyrysynda qaraldy. Ony talqylaugha Mәdeniyet, aqparat jәne qoghamdyq kelisim Ministrliginin, jastar úiymdary men birlestikterining ókilderi qatysty. Zang jobasymen júmys barysynda deputattar 100-ge juyq úsynylghan týzetulerdi talqylagha týsirdi.

Týzetuler men ózgeristerden keyin 2004 jyldyng 7 shildesinde "Qazaqstan Respublikasyndaghy memlekettik jastar sayasaty turaly" Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Zanyna Preziydent N. Á. Nazarbaev qol qoydy. Atalghan Zang ózining tarihy mindetin 2015 jylgha deyin mýltiksiz atqaryp shyqty.

2013 jyldyng aqpan aiynda Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Ýkimeti 2020 jylgha deyingi memlekettik jastar sayasaty tújyrymdamasyn maqúldady. Memlekettik jastar sayasatynyng basty basymdyghy jastardyng óz mýddelerine, beyimdiligine, fizikalyq mýmkindikterine sәikes jәne qogham mýddelerin eskere otyryp, erkin әleumettik damu qúqyghyn, shygharmashylyq bastamany iske asyru ýshin jaghday jasau bolyp tabylady.

2014 jyldyng qorytyndysy boyynsha Qazaqstan Jastar damuynyng jahandyq indeksinde әlemning 170 elinen 27-shi oryngha ie boldy. Biraq bәri neden bastalghanyn eske týsireyik. Osy baghyttaghy negizgi júmys 2012 jyldyng ayaghynda bastaldy.

2015 jyldyng aqpan aiynda "memlekettik jastar sayasaty turaly" jana zang qabyldandy. Nәtiyjesinde jastardy jastar úiymdarynyn, konsulitativtik-kenesshi organdardyng jәne jastardyng ózin-ózi basqaru organdarynyng qyzmetine bilim beru jýiesi men enbek újymdarynda tartu zang jýzinde bekitilgen. Jana zannyng taghy bir manyzdy ereksheligi jastardyng mýddeleri men qajettilikterin qozghaytyn budjettik baghdarlamalar әkimshilerining qúzyretteri men jauapkershiligin bekitu bolyp tabylady.

Búdan basqa, osy jyldar ishinde barlyq dengeydegi әkimder janyndaghy Jastar isi jónindegi Kenesterdi úiymdastyru tәsilderin qayta qaraugha qol jetkizildi. «Jana Qazaqstan» qúruda jastar syasatyna qatysty jana zang qabyldau kýn tәrtibinde túrghany jasyryn emes. Búl, óitkeni, uaqyt talaby.

Jastar – olar Qazaqstannyng bolashaghy, memleketting aldyn ala jyldar men ghasyrlargha aldyn ala jasaghan strategiyalyq jospary ispettes. Tek osy jospar qanshalyqty uaqyt ózgerse de óz orynynda ózgermey qatyp qalghan qaghaz nemese memleketting menshigi, bir obekt emes ol – subekt. Ol ózgeredi jәne onyng ózgeruine kóptegen faktorlar әser etedi. Sondyqtan da elding jastary, Jastar sayasaty – óte nәzik dýniye. Ony dúrys arnagha qoyyp, dúrys baghyt baghdar berip júmys istetetin bolsa, sol memleket mәngilik memleketke ainalady. Sebebi, memleketting jastary olar memleketting bolashaghy, eng negizgi baylyghy. Jastar memleketting qanday da bolmasyn qaruynan myqty kýsh. Óitkeni jastar bolashaq myqty ghalymdar, halyqtyng densaulyghyn saqtaytyn myqty dәrigerler, myqty qarjygerler, myqty zangerler, myqty sayasatkerler, memleketting әskeri, berik otbasynyng negizi, myqty sayasatkerler sonday-aq bolashaq bizding elbasymyz da osy atalghan jastardyng ishinen shyghady. Osy atalghan әleumettik toptardyng barlyghy da bolashaqtaghy Qazaqstannyng bet beynesin ashatyn, memleketimizding Mәngilik el iydeyasyna jeteleytin negizgi kýsh bolyp tabylady. Sondyqtan da jastargha óte kóp kónil bólu qajet. Jastar sayasatyn damytu qajet. Biraq, taghy da bayqaghanym memleket osy kýnge deyin osy jastardy qoldaugha az kýsh júmsamaghan, ony biz memleketting әr týrli jobalarynan, jastargha tegin bilim alu, ózining jeke kәsibin ashu kóptegen mýkinshilikter jasaghan. Biraq osy mýmkinshilikti bizding jastarymyz tolyqtay qoldana almay otyr. Tek enbektenip, izdengen jastar ghana osynyng jemisin kórude. Endigi «Jana Qazaqstan» qúrudaghy basty maqsat osynday jastardyng sanyn kóbeytu bolyp tabylady.

Jastar men biylik arasyndaghy qarym-qatynastyng dúrys nemese búrys arnada damuy jastardyng biylikke jaqyndau, yaky olardyng biylikten alshaqtau tendensiyasyna basty alghyshart bolyp sanalady. Demek, jastardyng resmy memlekettik iydeologiyany qoldauy da, qoldamauy da biylikting qolynda ekeni basy ashyq jayt. Al búl bolsa jastar arasyndaghy patriottyq sezimning qalyptasuyna tikeley әseri bar «senim» fenomenin tughyzuda tereng mәnge ie qúbylys ekendigin esten shygharmauymyz kerek.

Jastardyng sayasiy-әleumettik jәne mәdeny qúndylyqtarynyghng ózgerui zandy qúbylys bolyp tabylatyny dau tudyrmaydy.

Qanday memleket bolmasyn ózining damu barysynda basynan birqatar ótpeli kezenderdi ótkizetini belgili. Búl tarihy damu zandylyghy jәne ol barlyq elder ýshin ortaq aksioma. Transformasiyalanu prosesi nemese ótpeli kezeng qiyndyghy sol memleket ishinde ótip jatqan reformalardyng dengeyi men terendigine baylanysty. Mine, osynday qúbylys úzaq jyldar boyy Kenes Odaghynyng qúramdas bóligi bolyp kelgen Qazaqstandy da ainalyp ótpedi. Jalpy qoghamdaghy ózgerister jayly oy shertkende, birinshi kezekte azamattardyng materialdyq jaghdayy turaly kóp aitylyp, olardyng ruhany qúndylyqtary shet qalatyny bar. Shyn mәninde, qanday da bolmasyn qoghamdyq ózgerister barysynda óz qalpyna qayta kelui qiyn, әlsiz buyn osy ruhany sala bolyp tabylady.

Mine, dәl osylay Kenester Odaghy ydyraghannan keyin Qazaqstan qoghamynyn, әsirese jastar buynynyng dýniyetanymy birden ózgerip shygha keldi. Osynday jaghdayda Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng qalyptasuynda kenestik dәuirdegi jastardan keyingi jastardyng arasyndaghy ruhany sabaqtastyq ýzilip, qazirgi tanda naryqtyq ekonomikagha beyimdele bastaghan tәuelsiz jana buyn ókilderi ósip jetilude. Óz kezeginde songhy jiyrma tórt jylda Qazaqstanda Respublikasynyng ekonomikalyq, qoghamdyq-sayasy ómirindegi eleuli ózgerister qoghamnyn, sonyng ishinde jastardyng da dýniyetanymyna әserin tiygizgeni ras.

Býgingi jas buynnyng baghyt-baghdary ertengi memleketimizding kepili boluymen qatar qoghamnyng progressiyti damuyna belgili bir mólsherde yqpal etetin әleumettik top qúru maqsatymen úshtasuy shart. Jalpy elimizdegi qalyptasqan ekonomikalyq jәne sayasy jýie jastardyng qúndylyqtaryn týbirinen ózgertti jәne de búl ózgeristerge tolyqqandy ong bagha beru әli erte. Degenmen, tәuelsiz memlket, onyng sayasy jәne ekonomikalyq instituttarymen qosa jana buyn ókilderi dýniyege kepil ózderining erekshe dýniyetanymdyq kózqarasymen, mәdeniyeimen, salt-sanasymen jana aghymda ósip jetilude degen ýmit te joq emes. Osy orayda qazaqstan jastary jayynda qazirgi qoghamda birqatar súraqtardyng tuyndauy zandy. Atap aitqanda Qazaqstan jastarynyng qazirgi jaghdayy men bolashaghy qanday bolmaq? Qoghamnyng sayasy ómirinde jastardyng orny qanday? Jastardyng patriottyq sana-sezimin qalay kóteremiz? Bolashaqtyng kepili bolatyn jas buyn ókilderining qazirgi qoghamdaghy orny men roli qanday boluy kerek? mine, osy jәne basqa da mәseleler dәl býgin sheshimin tabu kerek. osynday elimizding bayandy bolashaghy ýshin ómirlik manyzy bar saualdar jogharghy memlekettik dengeyde, ghylymy túrghydan keshendi týrde zerttelinip, jastardy naryqtyq zamanda qorghay alatyn birtútas baghdarlamalar men qúqyqtyq normalar qabyldaudyng qajettigi tuyndaydy. Biz «Jana Qazaqstannan» osyny kýtemiz.

Ábil-Serik Áliakbar

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