«Biyl 1932 jylghy alapat ashtyqqa, halyqtyng teng jarymyn qyryp salghan, esengiretip ketken zúlmatqa seksen jyl. Arghy-bergi qazaqtyng alys-jaqyn tarihynda búryn-sondy dәl osynday nәubat bolghan emes. Kórgen qorlyq, shekken beynet, azynaghan azaptyng ashylyghy men qúrbandyghynyng kóptigi jaghynan atyshuly «Aqtaban - shúbyryndydan» asyp týsken apat búl.

Osy joyqyn qatygezdik halyqty qan qaqsatty. Onyng aldynda týp-túqiyanymen joyylyp ketu qateri túrdy. Keybir kommunist kósemsymaqtar sony maqsat etti. Alash ardaqtysy Mústafa Shoqaev «Turkestan pod vlastiu Sovetov» degen enbeginde Jetisu qazaqtarynyng ashtan qyryla bastaghanyn, bolishevikterding olargha qol úshyn beruding ornyna solay bolghanyn qalaghanyn aita kelip, qyzyldar basshylarynyng biri - Tobolin degenning sózin keltiredi. Ol ashyqtan-ashyq bylay deydi: «Kirgizy (kazahiy), kak ekonomicheskie slabye ...vse ravno doljny budut vymereti. Poetomu dlya revolusiy vajnee tratiti sredstva ne na boribu s golodom, a luchshe na podderjku frontov».
Búdan ótken nendey jauyzdyq boluy mýmkin. Osydan song 1918-1919, 1921-1922, 1932-jyldardaghy asharshylyqta bolishevikterding iydeologiyasy qanday bolghanyn bilu qiyn emes.

«Biyl 1932 jylghy alapat ashtyqqa, halyqtyng teng jarymyn qyryp salghan, esengiretip ketken zúlmatqa seksen jyl. Arghy-bergi qazaqtyng alys-jaqyn tarihynda búryn-sondy dәl osynday nәubat bolghan emes. Kórgen qorlyq, shekken beynet, azynaghan azaptyng ashylyghy men qúrbandyghynyng kóptigi jaghynan atyshuly «Aqtaban - shúbyryndydan» asyp týsken apat búl.

Osy joyqyn qatygezdik halyqty qan qaqsatty. Onyng aldynda týp-túqiyanymen joyylyp ketu qateri túrdy. Keybir kommunist kósemsymaqtar sony maqsat etti. Alash ardaqtysy Mústafa Shoqaev «Turkestan pod vlastiu Sovetov» degen enbeginde Jetisu qazaqtarynyng ashtan qyryla bastaghanyn, bolishevikterding olargha qol úshyn beruding ornyna solay bolghanyn qalaghanyn aita kelip, qyzyldar basshylarynyng biri - Tobolin degenning sózin keltiredi. Ol ashyqtan-ashyq bylay deydi: «Kirgizy (kazahiy), kak ekonomicheskie slabye ...vse ravno doljny budut vymereti. Poetomu dlya revolusiy vajnee tratiti sredstva ne na boribu s golodom, a luchshe na podderjku frontov».
Búdan ótken nendey jauyzdyq boluy mýmkin. Osydan song 1918-1919, 1921-1922, 1932-jyldardaghy asharshylyqta bolishevikterding iydeologiyasy qanday bolghanyn bilu qiyn emes.
Kanada tarihshysy R.Pirs «1867-1917-jyldardaghy Orta Aziyadaghy otarshyldyq sayasaty» enbeginde ashtyqtan qaza tapqandardyng sanyn keltiredi. «1917 jylgha deyin bastalghan keybir «progresshil tendensiyalardy» kýshtep jyldamdatu kóptegen adam qúrbandyghyna úshyratty. Mysaly, kollektivtendiru barysynda qoldanylghan zorlyq pen otyryqshylandyru asharshylyqqa әkelip, bir millionnan astam qazaqtar qyryldy», - deydi.
Bizding oiymyzsha, R.Pirs 1921-1922 jyldardaghy asharshylyq turaly aityp otyr. Bir millionnan astam bozdaq osy kezendegi zúlmattyng qúrbandary. Al búl tústaghy qyrghyn jayly mәlimet bizde әli kýnge tapshy. «Qazaqstan Últtyq ensiklopediyasynyng ózinde jýgirte aitylady. Onda: «Respublikada 1920 jәne 1923 jyldary jýrgizilgen auyl sharuashylyghy sanaqtarynyng jәne Qazaqstandaghy jerge ornalastyru mólsherin belgilegen ekspedisiyany basqarghan professor S.P.Shvesovtyng mәlimetteri boyynsha 1921 jyly asharshylyqta Qazaqstan halqy 30 payyzgha deyin azayghan, - delinedi. - Keybir eldi mekenderde nәubet halyqtyng 100 payyzyn qamtyp, olar týgeldey derlik bosap, jolda, birazy atamekeninde qyrylyp qaldy».
S.P.Shvesovtyng deregindegi 30 payyz adam sanyna shaqqanda qansha bolatynyn 1917 jylghy halyq sanaghynyng mәlimetteri boyynsha boljap qana kórsete alamyz. Sanaq qorytyndysy «Kolichestvo kirgiyz-kazahov na 1917 god. Po rodam y uezdam» degen atpen basylyp shygharylghan.
Úly jýz - 1 million 170 myn.
Orta jýz - 2 million 080 myn.
Kishi jýz - 1 million 790 myn. Ýsh jýzdi qosqanda - 4 million 980 myn.
Eger qazaqtardyng balalardy sanaqtan jasyryp qalugha tyrysatynyn jәne elding esebin alushylar jerding shalghaylyghynan keybir alys auyldargha barmay qaluy әbden mýmkin ekendigin eskersek, 1917 jyly atamekeninde keminde 5 million qazaq boldy, - dep aita alatyn sekildimiz. Onyng 30 payyzy - 1 million 500 myng adam. Osynsha jan 1921-1922 jyldardaghy ashtyqta kóz júmghan.
Biz sýienip otyrghan sanaq qorytyndysynda KSRO-daghy qazaq sany - 5 million 180 myng dep kórsetilgen. Oghan Qytaydaghy 450 myn, Búharadaghy - 400 myn, Horezmdegi - 100 myn, Aughanstandaghy - 100 myng aghayyndy qosady. Sonda jalpy qazaq 6 million 230 myngha jetken. Ahmet Baytúrsynovtyng «Inshalla, 6 million qazaqpyz», - deui osydan.
Ótken ghasyrdyng әr múraghattan bir tóbe kórsetip qalatyn derekterine jýginsek, asharshylyq aldymen Batys Qazaqstandy sharpyghan. 1921 jyly Orynbor, Aqtóbe, Oral, Qostanay, Bókey guberniyalary men Aday uezinde el qyryla bastaydy. Osynday jaghdayda býkilreseylik Ortalyq Atqaru komiyteti Batys Qazaqstangha kómek beruding ornyna ashtyq bayqalghan Astrahan, Sarisyn, Saratov, Samara, Sibir, Ufa guberniyalaryna azyq-týlik jóneltuge mәjbýrleydi.
Myna derekterden ashtyqtyng qasaqana úiymdastyrylghanyna ilana týsesin. 1922 jyly Orynborda - 437776, Qostanayda - 252816, Aqtóbede - 359326, Oralda - 277835, Bókeyde - 100 myn, Aday uezinde - 75 myng adam ashtan búratyldy. Batys Qazaqstandaghy halyqtyng 31,4 payyzy qyryldy. Eger osy ólkedegi bes guberniyada sol tústa 2 mln 653300 adam bolsa, onyng 800 myngha juyghy kóz júmghan. Mýrdeler ózen boyynda, auyl aralarynda, eldi mekenderding kóshelerinde taryday shashylyp jatty. Búl jantýrshigetin qúbyjyq kórinis edi.
Guver institutynyng agha ghylymy qyzmetkeri R.Konkvest: «Reseydegi tә­jiriy­beler. 1931 jyl» enbeginen alynyp «Qazaqtar shetel әdebiyetinde» jinaghynda jariyalanghan ýzindide: «1926 jylghy sanaq boyynsha Kenes Odaghynda 3963300; 1939 jylghy sanaq boyynsha (asyra kórsetilgen) 3100 400 qazaq boldy. Sonda halyqtyng últtyq ósimin eskersek, asharshylyqtan, týrli qughyn-sýrginnen qazaqtar bir jarym million adamyn joghaltqan», - dep jazady. Onyng búl boljamynyng jany bar. Jogharyda atap kórsetkenimizdey, 1917 jyly elde 5 million qazaq bolsa, onyng 1 million 500 myny 1921-1922 jyldardaghy ashtyqta qyrylghan. Sonda tiri qalghany - 3 million 500 myn. Yaghny 1926 jylghy halyq sanaghynda 463300 adam oidan qosylghan bolyp shyghady. Osydan keyin 1939 jylghy sanaq mәlimetining mýlde qisynsyz ekenin dәleldeu qiyn emes. 1932 jylghy ashtyqta alghashqy zúlmattan әupirimmen sau qalghan 3,5 million adamnyng teng jartysy apat bolghany dәleldenip otyr. Endeshe 1939 jyly 1 million 750 myng qazaq qana jer basyp jýrgen.
Keltirilgen kóp derekterden song az-kem ayaldap alyp, әr jyldardaghy ashtyqtyng barlyq qúrbandaryn eseptep kóreyik. Imanyng qasym bolatyn kórsetkishke tap kelesin. Qazaq halqy 3 million 250 myng adamnan aiyrylghan. Janúshyrghan shyndyq osynday.
Osy jerde «Qazaqstan Últtyq ensiklopediyasyndaghy» ashtyq qúrbandary turaly mәlimetterge de kóz salayyq. Ensiklopediyada 1926, 1937-jyldardaghy sanaqtarda olqy­lyqtar jiberilgendigi, sonyng saldarynan asharshy­lyqtaghy adam shyghynyn dәl anyqtaugha kedergi keltirip, әrtýrli pikirlerding óristeuine sebep bolghany әdil eskertiledi. 1930-1933-jyldardaghy ashtyq qúrbandary 2 mln. 200 myng adamnan asyp týsti delinedi. Osy 2 mln 200 myngha 1921-1922 jyldardaghy zúlmattyng 1 mln 500 myng bozdaghyn qossanyz, 3 mln 700 myng bolyp shyghady. Sonymen jyrtqysh jyldardyng adam shyghyny - 3 mln 200 myng nemese 3 mln 700 myn. Keybir tarihshylar shetelderge audy dep esepteytin 1 million adamdy osy kórsetkishke qossaq ta, odan ashtyqtyng qasireti azaymaydy.
Ashtyq atty osy apattardyng avtory - sol tústa qazaq ólkesin basqarghan F.IY.Goloshekiyn. Stalin Reseyde qaharlansa, ol Qazaqstanda búrq-sarq etti. Sәken Seyfullin «jýnin júlghan qútyrghan buragha» tenegen osy jendetting el ishindegi sayasatyn L.Troskiy bylay sipattaghan: «Goloshekin orys derevnyalarynda әleumettik kelisimdi uaghyzdap, al qazaq auyldarynda azamattyq soghysty qozdyruda». Sol tústa qazaq biyligining qúramynda bolghan keybir últ azamattary Goloshekinning búl qatygezdigine qarsy shyghady. Asharshylyq ol úiymdastyrghan «Kishi oktyabridin» saldary ekenin dәleldep Stalinge hat joldaydy. Núrmaqov pen Myrzaghaliyev Býkilodaqtyq Atqaru komiytetining Prezidiumynda sóz sóilep, qatty synaydy. Qazaqstanda tekseru jýrgizudi ótinedi.
Búl qaterli edi. Is nasyrgha shauyp bara jatqanyn sezgen Goloshekin 1933 jyly Stalinge hat jazghan. «Bk/b/p Ortalyq komiytetining hatshysy joldas Stalinge» dep bastalatyn búl hattyng negizgi maqsaty - aqtalu, bar kinәni qazaq últshyldary men baylargha, asyra silteuge jol bergen belsendilerge audaru. Osy múratyna jetu ýshin, ol eldegi auyr jaghdaydy ashyq aitugha deyin barghan. «Qazaqstanda mal sharuashylyghynyng damuynda eki týrli qarama-qarsy prosester jýrip jatyr, - deydi ol Stalinge. - Alghashqysy jaghymsyz, mal basynyng apatty qúldyrauynan kórinude. Eger songhy ýsh jyldy alar bolsaq, mal basynyng kemui tómendegidey bolyp shyghady. 29 jyly - 36 mln bas, 30 jyly 20 mln jәne 31 jyly 8,2 mln bas mal».
Goloshekinning búl deregi anyq ekendigine kýmәn joq. Ýsh jyldaghy mal shyghyny - 64,2 million. Biz әr jerden tapqan derekterdegi kórsetkishterden әldeqayda artyq. Hatta ashtyq jayynda bir auyz sóz joq. 64,2 million maldyng qúryp ketui elding ahualyna eshqanday әser etpegendey. Eger 30-31-jyldary halyq 12-15 prosentke azaysa, ol aua kóshuding saldary dep týsindiredi. Al aua kóshu «Kishi oktyabridin» emes, baylar men bandalardyn, újymdastyrugha yryqsyz bolghan elding kinәsi, - deydi Goloshekiyn.
Qazaqstandaghy jaghdaydy osylay týsingen nemese osylay týsingisi kelgen Mәskeu oghan aua kóshudi toqtatu ýshin qatang shara qoldanudy tapsyrady. Keregi sol bolghan Goloshekin ózin synaghan, asharshylyqqa jol bergeni ýshin aiyptaghan últ ziyalylary men qajyghan elge qyrghiday tiyedi. Qudalau men atyp-shabu 37 jylghy repressiyagha úlasady.
Eger milliondardy jalmaghan osy zúlmattar bolmasa, biz HHI ghasyrda keminde 30 milliongha jetetin edik. Kóz aldymyzgha elesteteyikshi, qanday ghalamat kýsh?! Ókindiredi, ózegindi órteydi. Tarihtyng sol bir ýreyli túsyndaghy shyndyqty tap basyp aitqan alys-jaqyn elder qayratkerlerining әdil pikir-payymdaryna qynjylyspen ýnilesin.Búl týiindi, ashtyqtyng qoldan jasalghany turaly oidy Europa ghalymdary men qayratkerlerining ortaq pikiri dey alamyz. Aragha úzaq uaqyt salyp, 2010 jyly Europa Kenesi Parlamenttik assambleyasy Kenes odaghy respublikalarynda 30-jyldary bolghan ashtyq qúrbandaryn eske alu turaly rezolusiya qabyldap, osy oi-tújyrymdy janghyrtty. Rezolusiyada: «Belorussiya, Qazaqstan, Moldaviya, Resey men Ukrainanyng jazyqsyz milliondaghan adamy kenes ókimetining qasaqana qatygez sayasaty jasaghan jappay asharshylyqtyng saldary­­nan kóz júmdy», - delingen. Qazaqstandaghy jaghdaygha airyqsha mәn berilip, ashtyqty kenes rejiymining óz halqyna qarsy jasaghan qylmysy dep sanaydy.
Aqiqaty - osy. Jendet jyldardyng shyndyghy - búl. Solay desek te, ashar­shylyqqa kinәlilerdi tarihtyng qat­al jazalaghanyn eskere otyryp, Kektenuden aulaqpyz. Goloshekin sekil­dilerding týbine úyalasyn qasqyrsha talaudan tayynbaghan bolisheviktik rejimning ózi jetti. Talayy atyldy, asyldy, NKVD-nyng týrmelerinde shiri­di. Kenes Odaghy atalghan, jahannyng jar­ty­syn uysynda ústaghan imperiyany konslagerge ainaldyrghan Stalinning әuleti de onghan joq. Biri - abaqtyda azap shekti, biri - qiyandaghy AQSh-ta qarttar ýiinde dýniyeden ozdy. Jetpis jylgha juyq ghúmyrbayanynyng bastauyn milliondardyng qanymen jazghan túrpayy derjavanyng shanyraghy ortasyna týsti. Al qazaq halqy talay nәubetten ótip, mәngiligin dәleldedi. Qaysarlyghymen jәne quatty ruhymen dәleldedi. Zamannyng tórine kóterildi. Ol tәuelsiz jәne baqytty. Sol imandy da ibaly halyq iriligin tanytyp, kósheli-kórgendi ekenin pash etip, tarihy sananyng sabaqtastyghy ýshin, myna toq ghasyrda jýzi jarqyn boluy ýshin dýniyeden kýnir­enip kóshken bozdaqtardyng ruhyna taghzym etude. Iltipat-niyet qabyl bolsyn!

Aldan SMAYYL, Mәjilis deputaty

"Abay-aqparat"