Bizde, maghynasyn jygha tany almaghan sózderdi nemese ataulardy esh oilanyp jatpay-aq mongholdan, arabtan, orystan nemese parsydan kirgen sózderding qataryna jatqyza salatyn nashar daghdy qalyptasqan. Áriyne, búl otarlaushy elderding halqymyzdy jazuy, mәdeniyeti, tili, әdebiyeti, tipti dini mesheu dep kórsetu ýshin jýrgizgen qiytúrqy sayasatynyng bir bóligi ekendigi aityp jatpasaq ta belgili. Bas erkindigin ala almay sózden azat bola almay jýrgen osynday atau sózimizding biri, bizding qazaq halqynyng jana jylynyng atauy – «Nauryz» sózi. Endeshe, «nauryz» atauy qalay shyqqan?

Men osy shaghyn maqalamda «Nauryz» atauy tәrih qatparynda altynday jarqyraghan әshekeyli, qoshqar mýiizdi aibarly, merekeli, berekeli, qonyrauly – kýmbir sóz ekendigin esh halyqtan esh uaqytta sinirip almaghandyghyn, qayta ózimizding ata-babamyz jaratqan tól tuma aishyqty sózimiz ekendigin jyl basy, merekening atauy ekendigin qysqasha dәleldeudi jón sanadym. Qazaq mal sharuashylyghymen ainalysqan halyq bolghandyqtan, tabighattyng qabaghyn tanugha óte sheber bolghan. Nauryz aiynyng basynan bastap, jazdyng tipti býtin bir jyldyng dayyndyghyn kóre bastaydy. Sondyqtan qazaqta «Jyl esebi – kóktemde» degen әdemi mәtel bar. Úlanqystay birin-biri soghymgha shaqyryp, mәre-sәre bolghan halyq, qardyng sheti sógilip, jer busana bastaghannan-aq, kóktemnin, maldy tóldetuding qamyna kirisip qarbalas kýy keshedi.

Aytalyq, sýiek qaynatyp, sabyn bylghaydy, shanyraq uyghyn, ergenshek keregesin, tuyrlyq týnligin, bau-shu, arqan jibin, qom-shomyn týgendep, jýk artatyn atanyn, kóshke minetin kóligin saylap, qystaudyng manyn qoqystan tazalap merekeli kýide bolady. Búl әdet qytay elinde túratyn qazaqtarda kýni býginge deyin saqtalghan. Sonymen tóldeulikke kóshuden 15-20 kýn búryn kýn úzara bastady, ilgeri salym uaqyt úzyn sary keldi dep, qystan aman shyqtyq dep, «Nauryz merekesin» bastap jiberedi. Sóitip, soghymnan qalghan sýrining beldi mýshesi jambas jilikke, kәri jilikti qosyp, oghan jeti dәmdi aralastyryp kóje qaynatyp auyl boyynsha aralap ishedi. Tipti jas jigitter qaryndary syzdaghansha bәstesip ishedi. Kýy tartyp, әn shyrqaydy, júmbaq jasyryp, bәit aitady. Qyz jigitter merekeli kiyimderin kiyip, top-tobymen, júp-júbymen, sauyq sayran qúryp, dumandy tannan-tangha sozyp, mәzmeyram bolady. Soghymnyng jambasymen kәri jiligin nauryz kójege qosatyn sebebi, jambas maldyng artqy ayaghy, sanynda bolady. Jambastyng eti qalyn, mayly bolghandyqtan, «Ótken jyl artta qaldy, oghan ókpemiz joq, molshylyq pen toqshylyqpen óttik» degen maghyna bar. Al kәri jilik maldyng aldynghy ayaghynda bolghandyqtan, eti az bolsa da óte júmsaq, erekshe dәmdi bolady. Sondyqtan, «Jana jylgha sergek, jenil qadammen attayyq, ayaghymyzgha kedergi bolmasyn, amanshylyq bolsyn » degen maghyna bildiredi. Kәri jilikti taza etip mýjip bolghannan keyin, elding amandyghyn tilep túrsyn dep, ýiding dódegesine ilip qoyady. Nauryz kójede bolmay qalghan, auyldyng syily adamdaryna, arnayy sybaghasyn saqtap qoyady. Sybaghagha ilinbey qalghan keybir ókpeshi qarttardyng «Kәri jilik el amandyghyn qoyyp, óz basyn saqtap alsyn » deytini osydan qalghan. Mine, Nauryz merekesi shynynda úly nauqan esepteledi. Úly nauqannyng aldaghy yryzdyghy mol bolsyn dep, san myng mәrte qaytalanghan bataly izgi tilekten qysqaryp, « Nauqan-yryzdyq» degen sózden «Nauryz» degen birikken sóz qalyptasqan. Qazaqta «Nau» dan bastalatyn sóz barshylyq. Aytalyq nauqan, nәumet, nauqas, naua t,b. Tipti qazaqta «Nau» degen asqan sheshen, asqan daukes adam bolghan. Nau bireuding laqty dauy bolsa, laqty eshkige satyp alyp, búzauly siyr, qúlyndy biye, tipti botaly týie óndirip alatyn, daudy indetpey qoymaytyn, eshkimge ese jiberip jenistik bermeytin adam bolghan. Sondyqtan qazaqta «Nau qúrymay, dau qúrymaydy» degen tәmsil bar. Nauryz atauynyng qazaqsha ekendigin moyyndaugha osy dәlelding ózi-aq jetkilikti.

Dýniyedegi eng ýlken qasyretting biri – óz últynyng qúndylyghyn, óz azamatyna moyyndata almau dep bilemin. Bizding qazaq, tarihty taspen de, jaspen de jazghan halyq. Halqymyzdyng tarihyn, tilin syilayyq. Sheshen bolghanymyzda, kósem bolghanymyzda qarapayym da kiyeli úly qazaqtyng arqasy ekendigin úmytpayyq. Qazaqta «Halqyn qorghay almaghan basyndy, qalpaq qorghay almaydy» degen keremet dana maqal bar. Múndaghy qalpaq degeni, bas kiyetin jay qalpaq emes, ol mansap, lauazymdy nemese ataq, abyroydy menzeydi.

Eger, jer attarynyng kóbin mongholgha telisek, merekemizding atyn ýsh qaynasa sorpasy qosylmaytyn basqa halyqqa bersek, onda úlanghayyr osy jerding iyesi sirә kim? Qazaq qayda jýrgen, qayda jasaghan, qaydan shyqqan nemese qaydan kelgen degen zandy súraq tuady. Ata-babamyz qoyyp bergen ataugha ie bola almasaq, aruaqtardyng kiyesine qalamyz. Tilge ie bola almasaq, jerge de, elge de ie boluymyz qiyn. Halqymyzdyng joghyn joqtap, múnyn múndau qasiyetin úlyqtau jýieden tilimizdin, atau sózderimizding tórkinin tabu, shyghu tegin tabu, bilu, basy dauly sózderimizdi aqtap alu, әrbir tәuelsiz, azat qazaq azamatynyng aldyndaghy búltartpaytyn boryshy, ata- babalarymyzdan qalghan bagha jetkisiz asyl múralarymyzdyng biri de biregeyi, ana tilimizding jauhary, tamyry, terende jatqan atau sózder ekenin úmytpayyq. Mine búl bizding tarihymyz. Endeshe, ata múramyzdy ardaqtap, tarihymyzgha ie bolayyq azamattar!

Slamhat Seythamyzaúly,

aqyn, Qazaqstan Jazushylar odaghynyng mýshesi

Abai.kz