Agronom, publisist Ghazymbek Birimjannyng ómiri men qoghamdyq-sayasy qyzmeti turaly zertteu júmysyn qolgha alghannan beri arhivtik qújattar men derekter negizinde birneshe maqala jazyldy. Osyghan deyin jalpylama týrde berilip kelgen mәlimetterge tolyqtyrular engizildi. Alayda әli de naqtylaytyn kómeski tústary da bar. Sonyng biri – Berlin qalasyndaghy oquyn ayaqtap, elge kelgennen «halyq jauy» retinde tergeuge alynghan kezge deyingi ómiri. Búl turaly búryn jazylghan enbekterde oquyn bitirip, elge kele jatqan kezinde qughyn-sýrginge úshyrady nemese el ishinde qughyn kórip, tútqyndalghangha deyin Mәskeu qalasynda túrdy dep jazylyp keldi. Ghazymbektanushy retinde túlghanyng Berlinnen oqyp kelgennen keyingi ómiri turaly tolyghyraq jazudy jón kórdik.

Sonymen 1928 jyly oquyn ayaqtaghan song (1927 jyly bitirgen) Berlin qalasynan Mәskeu qalasyna oralady. 1929 jyldyng 8 qantarynda Qyzylorda týrmesindegi tergeushige bergen jauabynda: «Berlinnen 5 nauryz kýni shyghyp, Mәskeude 7 nauryz kýni boldym, 12-ne deyin sonda boldym» [1, 171-b.], – deydi. 1928 jyldyng nauryzynda elge oralyp, túraqty júmys izdey bastaydy. Oraz Jandosovtyng arhivtik qújattary toptastyrylghan kitapqa nazar salsaq, Almaty qalasyndaghy auylsharuashylyq tehnikumyna agronom bolyp ornalasqysy kelgen. O. Jandosov Almaty qalasyndaghy auylsharuashylyq tehnikumyna jiberuge bolatynyn jazady [2, 88-b.]. Alayda hatta kórsetilgen eki oryn da búiyrmay, Memlekettik sauda basqarmasyna ornalasqan.

Memlekettik sauda basqarmasy (KAZGOSTORG) – sauda monopoliyasyn jýzege asyrghan mekeme. 1928 jyldyng 25 aqpanynda Qazaq AKSR-i HKK men RSFSR memlekettik sauda basqarmasy kelisim-shartqa otyryp, «KAZGOSTORG» aksionerlik qoghamy qúrylghan [2]. Memlekettik sauda basqarmasynyng ang terisi, ishek, may, әrtýrli tauarlar, jýn, qúrylys, t.b. bólimderi bolghan.

Enbek kitapshasynda 1928 jyldyng 24 mausymynan bastap may bóliminde núsqaushy (instruktor po maslu) bolyp júmysqa ornalasqany, aiyna 180 rubli jalaqy alatyny jazylghan [4].

Enbek kitapshasyn qarap otyryp, oqyghan oqu oryndary retinde Petrov-Razumovskiy akademiyasy men Berlin auylsharuashylyq uniyversiytetin kórsetkenin bayqaymyz. Negizinen Petrov-Razumovskiy akademiyasyna oqugha qabyldanghanymen, tolyq ayaqtamaghan. Oqu ornyna qújattaryn tolyq tapsyrghan. Ol qújattardyng ishinde Orynbor realdy uchiliyshesining songhy synybyn bitirgenin rastaytyn kuәlik pen attestat, Torghay uezi, Tosyn bolysynyng bolysy Jaqyp Dәurenbekúly men dәrigeri N. Gorinning anyqtamasy, Torghay oblysynyng komissary Álihan Bókeyhannyng әskerden bosatu turaly anyqtamasy, ýsh suret jәne taghy basqa ótinishter bar. 1917 jyldyng 2 qyrkýieginde Torghay oblysynyng komissary akademiya diyrektoryna stiypendiya negizinde jyly shyraymen oqugha qabyldauyn ótinip, hat jazghan. Gh. Birimjan oqudy tolyq ayaqtamasa da, belgili bir dengeyde oqyghan. Sol sebepti de qújatta oqu orny retinde kórsetilip túr.

Petrov-Razumovskiy akademiyasynan keyin Tashkent qalasyndaghy oqu ornyna stiypendiyamen baryp (SAGU), ol jerde de tolyq ayaqtamay, Berlin qalasyna oqugha attanghan. Oqugha qalay barghany jәne qalay oqyghany turaly búghan deyingi maqalalar da jazyp óttik. Tek 1927 jylghy ekzamen sertifikatyna kóz jýgirtetin bolsaq, aldyn-ala tekseruden (I bólim) 16 ball jinaghan. Mindetti emtihan pәnderin tapsyrghan. Onyng ishinde himiya pәni – 3 ball, fizika pәni – 4 ball, fiziologiyagha negizdelgen botanika – 3 ball, zoologiya jәne anatomiya – 3 ball, fiziologiya – 3 ball, topyraqtanudyng miyneraldyq jәne geologiyalyq negizderi – 3 ball. Negizgi emtihannyng (II bólim) mindetti pәnderinen mynaday kórsetkish kórsetken: auyl sharuashylyghyn basqarudyng teoriyasy jәne buhgalterlik esep baghalau teoriyasy – 6 ball, ósimdiktanu – 8 ball, mal sharuashylyghy – 8 ball, ósimdikting qorektenui men mal azyghy turaly ghylym – 5 ball, auylsharuashylyghyna qajetti mashina qúrastyru – 4 ball, ekonomika – 4 ball, qúqyqtanu – 4 ball. Bas-ayaghy – 39 ball. Eki kezendi qosqan kezde 55 ball bolsa, ortaq  GPA – 3,6 %. Berlin qalasyndaghy oqu ornyn joghary nәtiyjemen bitirgen deuge tolyq negiz bar.

Memlekettik sauda basqarmasynda istegen kezde eki ret is-sapargha barghan. Birinshisi, 1928 jyldyng 8-17 qazan aralyghynda may ónerkәsibin ashu mýmkindigi bar-joghyn anyqtau maqsatynda Shymkent audanyna baryp kelgen [5].

Ekinshisi, 1928 jyldyng 26 qarashasynda Vologda qalasynda ótken kursqa qatysqan. 1928 jyly Vologdadaghy sýt-sharuashylyq insituty may óndeu boyynsha kurstar ótkizgen. 1928 jylghy 3 jeltoqsanda «KAZGOSTORG» aksionerlik qoghamy shygharghan búiryqta is-sapar uaqyty 26 qarashadan bastalghany jazylghan. Al ózining kórsetindisinde 4 jeltoqsanda Vologda qalasyna barghanyn, 30 jeltoqsanda tútqyndalghanyn aitady.

Kursta jýrgen kezinde Vologda qalasyndaghy OGPU ókilderi tútqyndaghan. 1929 jylghy qantardyng basynda Qyzylorda qalasyna jóneltedi. Sol kezde toltyrylghan anketada 1928 jyldyng 30 jeltoqsanynda Vologda qalasynda ústalynghany anyq kórsetilgen. Al, otbasylyq jaghdayy turaly mәlimette: әieli Zayra Jantórina – student, Mәskeu, 10, Tretiya Meshanskaya 18, 17-ýi; Birimjanov (Múhtar boluy mýmkin) – oqyp jatyr, Orynbor qalasy; Birimjanov (Jaqyp Dәurenbekov boluy mýmkin) – sharuashylyghy bar, Torghay dep berilgen. Anketa sonynda Memlekettik sauda basqarmasyna, otbasyna qamaugha alynghany jóninde aqparat beruin ótingen. Qamaugha alynghan kezde 72 jeke zatynyng tizimi (kitaptar, sózdikter, dәpterler, papiros, jeke gigiyenalyq zattar, kiyim-keshek, t.b.) jasalynghan [6].

1929 jyldyng 21 aqpanynda shyqqan búiryq boyynsha 15 aqpannan bastap Memlekettik sauda basqarmasyndaghy júmysy ayaqtalghan [7]. Sonday-aq memlekettik sauda basqarmasynyng inspektory Myrzaghazy Esbolúly da 15 aqpan kýni júmystan shygharylghan. Sonymen Ghazymbek Birimjan Memlekettik sauda basqarmasynda resmy týrde 24.06.1928 – 15.02.1929 jyldar aralyghynda júmys istegen.

Qoryta aitar bolsaq, Ghazymbek Birimjan oquyn bitirip elge kelgen son, birden qughyndalmay Memlekettik sauda basqarmasynda qyzmet etti. Qyzylorda qalasynda túryp, el arasynan qughyn kórip, Mәskeuge barmaghan, is-sapar boyynsha ghana kursqa barghan. Aldaghy uaqytta jaryq kóretin anyqtamalyq mәlimetter men jalpy túlgha turaly jazylghan enbekterde birizdilik saqtalyp, naqty derekter boyynsha jazylghan maqalalardy negizge alghany jón.

Paydalanylghan әdebiyetter tizimi

1 Ghazymbek Birimjan (1896-1938) Shygharmalar jinaghy. – Núr-Súltan: «Qyr balasy» baspasy, 2021. – 250 bet.
2 Djandosov U.: Dokumenty y publisistika (1918-1937 gg.). V 2-h tomah. T.2. – Almaty: TOO «Izdateliskiy dom «Qazaqstan», 1999. – 304 s.
3 QR OMA, 1025-q., 1-t, 1-is.
4 QR OMA, 1025-q., 1-t, 725-is.
5 QR OMA, 1025-q., 1-t, 61-is, 10-p.
6 «Alash isi. 1920-1930 jj. OGPU jýrgizgen jasandy tergeu isinis qýjattary men materialdary» / «Alashskoe delo 1920-1930 gg. Dokumenty y materialy sledstvennogo dela, sfabrikovannogo OGPU». V dvuh tomah -Almaty: TOO «Izdatelistvo LEM», 2022.
7 QR OMA, 1025-q., 1-t, 61-is, 88-p.

Daniyar Ihsan,

Á. Bókeyhan Alash GhZY ghylymy qyzmetkeri

Abai.kz