Ruhany damu jolynda tanym senimning negizgi tiregi. Tanym senimge jetkizip, ony ósiredi. Kóptegen ghalymdar materialdyq әlemdi zerttep tanu arqyly, onyng bir Jaratushysy baryn týsinip, Qúdaygha degen senimge jetu arqyly imandylyq qabyldaghan. Jәne, kerisinshe, tanymdy Bolmystyng tútastyghyna emes, tek qana Onyng bólikterine baghyttaghanda imandylyq әlsireui mýmkin.

Bolmystyng tútastyghyn úmytqanda tanym tek qana bólikterge baghyttalyp, bir Tәnirge degen senim әlsireydi. Tәnirshildik osylay qúldyrau jolyna týsti.  Imansyzdyq payda bolady. Yaghni, paydalanu maqsatyna baylanysty tanym Tәnirge degen senimdi kýsheytedi, ne bolmasa әlsiretedi.

Imandy ósiretin negizgi әdisting biri ghibadat. Abay iman men ghibadattyng baylanysyn, ghibadatty dúrys oryndaudyng manyzyn otyz segizinshi sózinde bylay dep týsindiredi:

Sizding batinynyz (ishki bolmys) taza bolmaghy әueli iman bolyp, búl zahir (syrtqy) ghibadatynyz imandy bolghan song ghana, paryz bolghan, sizding zahirynyzdaghy ghibadat -- batinynyzdaghy imannyng kólenkesi, hәm sol imannyng núrlanyp túrmaghyna kórik ýshin búiyrylghan. Onyng ýshin ghúlamalar iman ekeu emes, bireu, biraq izgi taghatpenen núrlanady, taghat joq bolsa, kýngirttenedi, bәlki, sónu haupi de bar degen. Eger nadandar ol ghibadattyng ishki syryn eskermey qylsa, sony qylyp jýrip, imany sóner degen.

Ghibadatty ýlken senimmen jasau kerek. Sol kezde ghana ol imandy nyghaytady.  Sonymen birge, ghibadat senim bolghanda ghana jasalady. Senim bolmasa ghibadat jasalmaydy, yaghny ghibadat senimge tәueldi, onyng kólenkesi. Ol imandy ósiru ýshin jasalady. Eger nadandar ghibadattyng ishki syryn, yaghny imandy ósiru ýshin jasalatynyn eskermey qylsa, imannyng sónu qaupi bar. Múnday ghibadattyng paydasynan ziyany kóp. Sebebi, Allagha degen niyetsiz jasalghan ghibadattyng nәtiyjesi bolmaghandyqtan, adam jalyghyp ketedi. Osylay iman әlsirep, adam diny joldan shyghyp ketu qaupi payda bolady. Keybir adamdardyng namazdy jaqsy bastap, artynan suyp, tipti qoyyp ketuleri osy sebepten. Olar yntaly jýrek, shyn kónili bolmaghandyqtan, Allanyng shapaghatyn ala almaydy.

Ruhany jolda tanym diny qaghidalar men rәsimder arqyly nyghayady. Diny rәsimder -- ózin jәne Allany tanu ýshin adamgha berilgen ghibadat týrleri. Diny qaghidalar ayasynda jasalghan әrbir rәsim, onyng týrleri oy óristi, niyetti Allagha baghyttap, adamdy belgili bir tәrtip ayasynda ústaugha arnalghan. Olardyng mәnin dúrys týsinip, tolyq oryndaghan adam ruhany jolda onay jetistikke jetedi. Kerisinshe, ghibadattyng mәnin týsinbey, ne bolmasa ony yntasyz oryndaghanda ol tek qana әdettegi dene qimylyna ainalyp, ritualgha ainalyp ketedi. Diny qaghidalardy shyn kónilmen qabyldap, rәsimderdi yntamen oryndaudyng manyzyn Abay «Yntaly jýrek, shyn kónil. Basqasy Haqqa jol emes» dep beredi.

Imandy nyghaytu jolynda ghibadat pen ony yntaly jýrek, shyn kónilmen oryndaudyng manyzyn Abay bylay týsindiredi:

Mening haupim bar, olar has (arnayy) osy ghibadat eken, Qúdanyng bizge búiyrghany, biz osyny qylsaq, músylmandyq kәmil bolady dep oilaydy. Ol ghibadat kýzetshisi edi. Jә, kýzetshi kýzetken nәrsening amandyghyn oilamay, bir ghana oyau túrmaghyn qasd (mindet) qylsa, ol ne kýzet? Kýzetken nәrsesi qayda ketedi? Maqsat kýzetilgen nәrsening amandyghy, tazalyghy emes pe?

Ghibadat imannyng kýzetshisi ghana. Imandy oilamay jasalghan ghibadat diny emes, dýniyelik әreket bolyp tabylady. Sol siyaqty, iman ýshin jasalmaghan tanym әreketi de dýniyelik. Onday tanym qorshaghan ortagha arnalyp, Allagha degen senimdi әlsiretedi. Osylay tek qana dýnie zandylyghyna senip, ony Bolmystyng Ózinen bólip qarastyratyn ateister payda bolady. Ateizm degenimiz -- Bolmystyng ruhany bóligin qabyldamay, tek qana onyng zattyq bóligin qabylau bolyp tabylady. Tәnirshildikting búl eng tómengi dengeyi.

Ózining otyz segizinshi sózinde Abay әri qaray ghibadat týrlerin atap, olardyng ishki mәnin týsindiretini belgili. Tanym týrleri, onyng ishinde ghibadat, senimdi bekitu ýshin bolghanda tәnirshildik jetilip, nyghayady, al kerisinshe bolghanda tәnirshildik qúldyraydy.

Kýndelikti ómirde tanymnyng negizgi qúraly syrtqy sezim mýsheleri men aqyl-es bolyp tabylady. Syrttan alynghan aqparat aqylgha salynyp, oy arqyly qorytylyp, adamnyng sanasyna terendep boylap, senimge ainalady. Senim jan qúmary arqyly  imangha jalghasady. Qorshaghan ortadan alynghan aqparat bolmasa, eshqanday senim de joq. Osylay tughan sәtinen bastap adamnyng alghashqy tanymy ómirge degen senimdi tudyryp, ómir tirshiligi bastalady. Ómirding tereng syrlaryn tolyghyraq bilu ýshin jetilu barysynda tanumen arnay shúghyldana bastaymyz. Ghylym degenimiz ómir qúbylystaryn arnayy zettep tanugha baghyttalghan osy әreket. Ghylym arqyly búl fәny әlemning sheksizdigine kózimiz jetip, onyng zandylyqtaryn ashyp, tirshilik ýshin qoldana bastaymyz. Býgingi materialdyq ghylym degenimiz osy.

Materialdyq әlem sheksiz jәne óte kýrdeli. Mysaly, tәndegi әrbir kletkanyng qúrylysy ýlken bir qalanyng qúrylysymen salystyrugha bolatynday óte kýrdeli ekenin ghylym dәleldedi. Qúmyrysqanyn, ne bolmasa bal arasynyng úyasyndaghy ómir sonday ýilesimdi, jәne óte kýrdeli. Árbir qúmyrysqanyng ózining belgili bir orny jәne mindeti bar. Olar ózderining mindetin mýltiksiz oryndap, býkil qoghamnyng birligin jaqsy saqtaydy. Osynday kýrdeli qúbylystar kezdeysoq, ne bolmasa ózderinen ózderi payda boluy mýmkin be? Endeshe, olardy kim jәne qalay jaratty? Ol Jaratushy kim? Osynday kýrdeli qúbylysty jaratqan, Shәkirim sózimen aitqanda, «menireu kýsh» pa?  Álde joghary sanaly Jaratushy ma? Múnday súraqtar oily adamdy әlemning bir Jaratushysy baryna sendirip, Onyng kim ekeni jóninde oilandyrady. Oy órisining kenen barysynda búl әlemdi jaratqan bir  Jaratushy baryna senim úlghayyp, Ony tanu yntasy payda bolady. Osylay tanu jýrek kózin ashyp, senimdi nyghaytady.

Nege tanym senimdi nyghaytady? Sebebi, tanym bilim beredi, al bilim, Abay tújyrymy boyynsha, jan qasiyeti. Osylay jan ózining bilim qasiyetine ie bolyp, jýrek kózin ashady. Kózi ashylghan jýrek senimdi nyghaytyp, tolyq imangha alyp keledi.

Sonymen, tanym senimdi nyghaytu ýshin bolu kerek. Eger olay bolmasa kónil Bolmystyng materialdyq bóligine auyp ketedi. Materialdyq әlemde tәn qúmary jan qúmaryn jenip, kónil dýnie qyzyghyna berilip, nәpsi jenedi. Sebebi, adam fәny әlemde ómir sýredi. Osylay iman әlsireydi. Adamnyng kónili zattyq әlemge auysqandyqtan, ruhany tirekten aiyrylyp, tanym materialdyq sipat alyp, ruhany kózden aiyrylyp qalady. Adam ómirding jyltyraghyna baylanyp, quanysh pen qayghynyng arasyna shyrmalady. Imansyz adam osylay ómirin beybereket ótkizip alady. Múnday beybereket ómirdi Abay «Núrly aspangha tyrysyp óskensing sen» óleninde bylay dep suretteydi:

Núrly aspangha tyrysyp óskensing sen
Menmen, kerden, qayghysyz er kónilmen,
Jazghytúrym jasyryp jerding betin,
Jasyl shóppen, boy jetken eginmen ten.

Sonan beri rahymsyz kóp jyl ótti,
Oraq keler, orylar mezgil jetti.
Jyly menen suyqtyng bәrin kórip,
Qayran kónil qayyspay qayrat etti.

Auyr oidy kóterip auyrghan jan,
Qayghy, qasiret jýzine belgi salghan.
Dәni tolyq, basy ýlken egindey-aq,
Sening de basyng iymek jerge taman.

Abay osylay fәny ómirding zandylyghyn suretteydi. Jan iyesi búl ómirge kelgennen keyin әueli eshbir qayghysyz jastyq shaghyn ótkizip, eseygen song artyna úrpaq qaldyrady. Biraq auyr oidyng yqpalymen qayghy, qasiret jýzine belgi salyp, kәrilik keledi. Aqyry óledi. Biraq ómirding jarqylymen aldanyp, ólmesin bilgendey qylyq qylyp, pende ólim turaly oilanbaydy. Múnday beyhabar ómirden aulaq bolu ýshin Abay bylay dep eskertedi:

Óleyin dep ólmeydi ólerlik jan,
Áste ólmesin bilgendey qylyq qylghan.
Ajal kelip bas salsa, jandy úrlasa,
Ómir qayda, sen qayda, sony da oilan.

Adamzat — býgin adam, erteng topyraq,
Býgingi ómir jarqyldap aldar biraq.
Erteng ózing qaydasyn, bilemisin,
Ólmek ýshin tughansyn, oila, shyraq. 

«Býgingi ómir jarqyldap aldar biraq» dep búl ómirding ótkinshi, jalghan ekenin eskertip, oghan baylanbaugha shaqyrady. Sebebi, «Ólmek ýshin tughansyn, oila, shyraq», yaghny ólimge dayyndalu kerek. Ólim Abaydyng ózi kórsetken Týp IYege, yaghny Tәnirge qaytu jolyndaghy negizgi synaq bolyp tabylady.

Abaydyng búl ghibratty sózderin týsinbegen, ne bolmasa taghylym almaghan jan kónildi ruhany әlemge emes, fәny dýniyege audaryp, materialdyq әlemning ýsh týrli qasiretine shyrmalady. Ol qasiretterding birinshisi: adamnyng ózining qateliginen. Imany әlsirep, Bolmys birliginen auytqyghanda sheksiz nәpsisi biylep, adam aqylyn dúrys qoldana almay, kóptegen qatelikter jiberip, qiyanat jasap, kýnәli isterge barady. Arty qasiretke ainalady. Sonymen birge, tәnning auruy, kәrilikpen baylanysqan qasiretter taghy bar.  Ekinshisi: qorshaghan jan  iyelerinen.  Adamdardyng arasyndaghy araqatynastyng búzyluy, ne bolmasa, tabighattyng basqa da jan iyeleri adamnyng tynyshtyghyn búzuy mýmkin. Ýshinshisi: aua rayynyng qúbylystary men tabighat apattary. Qorshaghan orta ózgerip, tabighy apattar jyl sayyn úlghayyp barady. Búghan biylghy  2024 jylghy býkil eldi qamtyghan su tasqynynyng halyqqa auyr qasiret әkelgeni jaqsy mysal.

Ómirdegi kórinister jaqsy, ne bolmasa jaman boluy onyng qalay qabyldanuyna baylanysty. Tabighatta jaqsy, ne bolmasa jaman degen týsinik bolmaydy. Barlyghy salystyrmaly nәrse. Aqylymyz qabyldaytyn qúbylystar quanysh әkelip, jaqsy bolyp kórinse, al qabyldanbaytyndary renish әkelip, jaman bolyp kórinedi. Sondyqtan, tabighattyng búl ekiúdayylyq qasiyetinen qútylu ýshin, barlyq qúbylysty  Bolmystyng kórinisi retinde birdey qabyldap, oghan baylanbau kerek. Qasiret baylanu dәrejesine qaray ne auyr, ne jenil bolady. Qasiretten qútylu joly: ómir kórinisterine baylanbau. Búl turaly Abay «Qayghy kelse qarsy túr, qúlay berme, Qyzyq kelse qyzyqpa, onghaqqa erme» deydi. Búl dengeyge tәn qúmarymen kýresu arqyly ghana jetuge bolady. Maqsat -- tәn qúmaryn jene bilude.

Sonymen, tanym Bolmysty tolyq qamtyp, Onyng birligine baghyttalsa, onda ol imandy ósirip, adamdy ómirding qasiretinen qútqarady. Al eger tanym Bolmysty tolyq qamtymay, Onyng materialdyq bóligine baghyttalsa, onda ol adamdy qorshaghan ortagha baylap, ómirin qasiretke ainaldyryp jiberedi. Tәnirshildikting qúldyrap, dinderding payda bolu sebebi de, osydan boldy. Uaqyt yqpalymen adamdardyng kónili Bolmystyng birliginen Onyng materialdyq bóligine auysty. Bólikterge tabynyp, Qúday dep qabyldandy. Osylay kópqúdayshyldyq payda bolyp, birtútas Bolmystyng birligi búzyldy. Egonyng әserimen bólikterding arasynda alauyzdyq tuyp, býkil adamzat qoghamy úsaqtalyp, bir mәmlege kele almaytyn kýres maydanyna ainalyp ketti. Tanymdy imandy ósiru ýshin emes, tәn qúmary ýshin paydalanudyng nәtiyjesi osynday.

Suret avtordyng jeke múraghatynan alyndy

Dosym Omarov,

abaytanushy, teolog

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