Elimizding azattyghy jolynda janyn qúrban etken qanshama ata-babalarymyzdyng esimderi men erligining atalmay qalghany býgingi úrpaqtyng janyna batady. Jerim, elim dep jar qúlaghy jastyqqa tiymey ótken túlghalar kóp. Solardyng qataryn Alban elinde aq patsha zamanynda úzaq jyl bolystyq qyzmet atqarghan Sary ruynyng azamaty, Kenes ókimetining solaqay sayasatynan kóp japa shekken, Qarqara kóterilisin úiymdastyrushylardyng biri, aumaly-tókpeli zamannyng tarihy beldi keyipkeri bolghan Orazaly Baybatshaúlynyng esimin erekshe atap ótuge bolady.

Orazaly Baybatshaúly (1886-1963 j.)

Orazaly Baybatshaúly 1886 jyly Qarqara uezinde dýniyege kelgen. 1963 jyly qazirgi Kegen audany, Jalanash auylynda ómirden ótip, Jylysay auylynda jerlengen.

Orazaly Baybatshaúly kim, onyng qanday izgi enbekteri el jadynda qaldy degen sansyz saualgha osy maqalada jauap beremiz. Aq patsha zamanynda nebәri 18 jasynda bolystyq qúrghan ol jastayynan óte zerek, súnghyla bolyp ósedi. Arghy ata-babalarynan bi, batyrlyq qasiyet ketpegen Orazaly  Bozym Sary biyding tikeley úrpaghy. Kezinde arghy babasy Sary by ata Alban elining alghashqy bii bolsa, bertin kele, Jonghar shapqynshylyghy túsynda Rayymbek batyr bastaghan Alban eli jasaqtarynyng belgili batyry ataghyna jetken atasy Taylaq, bertin kele Qojeke batyrlar erligimen el esinde mәngi saqtaldy. Taylaq batyr men Qojeke batyrlardyng erlikteri turaly el auzynda kóptegen anyz-әngime taraghan.

Sary atadan kezegimen Dәui – Balta – Taylaq batyr – Dulat – Kýzen. Kýzennen – Ayneke, Qojeke batyr, Bәke bi. Al osy Bәke by atamyzdan bes úrpaq taraydy. Olar: Baybatsha, Múrat, Razy, Moldasan,  Moldash.  Baybatshadan Orazaly, Dәuletbaq, Álihan taralady. Atasy Bәke de óz zamanynda Albangha aty mәshhýr biylerding biri bolghan. Biyligimen qatar әuliyelik qasiyetin júrtshylyq joghary baghalaghan. Qarap otyrsaq, Orazaly Baybatshaúlynyng arghy ata-babalary da kýn demey, týn demey el qamyn oilaghan, halqyna adal qyzmet etken, baq-dәulet daryghan azamattar qatarynan bolghan. Orazalynyng әkesi Baybatsha da el isine kóp aralasqan bedeldi el biyleushisi bolypty.

Búrynghy zamanda qyrghyz-qazaq kóp arazdasqan eken. Sol daulargha biylik aityp, Qarqara jaylauyn qyrghyzdargha bermey, alyp qaluyna kóp enbek sinirgenine tarih betterindegi altyn әrippen jazylghan derekterden kuә boldyq. Alban arasyndaghy jer, jesir dauyn rettep otyrghandyghyn da zor maqtanyshpen aitugha bolady.

Baybatshadan eki úl taraydy. Jasy úlghayghan shaghynda artynda qalghan úldaryna  el basqarudyng qyr-syryn ýiretedi. Baybatshanyng ýlken úly Núrbay (býgingi QR Halyq әrtisi Ramazan Stamghaziyevting arghy atasy), ekinshisi Orazaly. Alghashynda ýlken úly Núrbay qatarynan ýsh ret bolystyqqa úsynylyp, saylanady. Keyinnen әkesimen aqyldasa kele: «Artymnan ergen jalghyz inim Orazaly. Bolystyqqa sol otyrsyn. Men oghan kenesshi bolsam da bolady», – dep bolystyqty inisine beredi.

Ol turaly el arasynda mynanday anyz-әngime bar. Erterekte Baybatshanyng úly Núrbay qatarynan ýsh ret bolys bolady, oghan narazy bolghan Alban ruynyng basqa ru basshylary: «Baybatshanyng úly Núrbay qayta-qayta bolys bola bere me? Bolystyqqa ózge de jastar qatyssyn», – dep el arasyna әngime taratady. Ony estigen Baybatsha men Núrbay Orazalyny bolystyqqa dayyndaydy. Bolystyqqa saylau óterding aldynda Qarqara uezining basqa ru basshylary alystan kele jatqan qonaqty Torayghyrdyng jazyghynda kýtip jatqanda, Baybatsha ýlken úly Núrbaydy alty qanat aq ýimen Shelek jazyghyna jiberedi. Ondaghy oiy Sankt-Peterburgtan kele jatqan aq patsha adamdaryn aq shatyrly ýy tigip kýtip, Núrbayda bolystyq móri túrghanda barlyq mәseleni aldyn-ala sheship qoy.

Núrbay Shelek jazyghynda meymandardy kýtip bolghannan keyin aq patsha uәkilderine: «Sizderge bir tilegim bar, ózim birneshe ret bolys boldym. Halqyma qolymnan kelgenshe jaqsylyq jasaugha tyrystym. Eshkimdi alalap, bólgen emespin. Eng bastysy – halyq arasynda tynyshtyq  ornattym. Endigi arman-tilegim – artymnan ergen jalghyz inim Orazalyny bolystyqqa úsynu. Ózi jas, hat tanityn sauattylyghy bar, alghyr, el basqarugha iykemi de joq emes. Sol bolys bolsyn, men oghan kenesshi bolsam da bolady», – degen niyetin jetkizedi. Aq patsha uәkilderi Orazalyny kórgen son, jogharyda aitqan talaptargha say bolsa, bolystyqqa saylaugha kómektesuge uәde beredi.

Osy kezde Baybatsha qolyndaghy biraz maldy kedey-sharualargha berip, halyqqa erteng saylau bolatyn kýni dauysty Orazalygha berinder dep ýgit-nasihat jýrgizedi. Sóitip, Orazaly alghashqy bolystyghyna әkesi Baybatsha men aghasy Núrbaydyng erte qamdanyp, sol kezdegi saylau tәrtibi boyynsha dúrys ýgit-nasihat jýrgizuining arqasynda ie bolady.

Ol kezde Orazaly nebәri 18 jasta eken. Jastyghyna qaramay zerek bolyp, el biyleu isinde halyqtyng kónilinen shyghady. Orazaly atasy Bәke, әkesi Baybatsha siyaqty aqyldy, súnghyla bolyp ósedi. Baybatsha Orazalydan ýlken ýmit kýtedi. Qarapayym halyq ta Orazalynyng әdildigine, qara qyldy qaq jaratyn turashyldyghyna riza bolyp, ony «Orazaly» dep atyn atamay «Jәkem» dep atap ketedi. Torayghyr uezinde bolys bolyp túrghan kezinde  Qarqara jәrmenkesinde saudagerler men qazaqtardyng erkin sauda jasauyna kóp enbek siniredi.

1916 jyly aq patshanyng qazaqtyng myqty jigitterin soghystyng qara júmysyna alu qaulysyna qarsy Alban kóterilisinde erlik kórsetkeni tarihtan belgili. Sol kóteriliske qatysushylardy týgeldey azyq-týlikpen, at-kólikpen qamtamasyz etken  Orazaly bolys bolghandyghyn da erekshe atap ótken jón. Ol kezde el ishine eshqanday iritki týspegen, «u ishseng ruynmen» degen keng zaman bolatyn. Halyq el birligin kórsetip, bir jennen qol, bir jaghadan bas shyghara bilgen.

Albandar kóterilisi aq patshany qatty sastyrady. Sol «enbegi» ýshin Orazaly bolys kishi toqaly Lәzzat (Alban Jәnibek ruynan shyqqan Jaghypper batyrdyng qaryndasy), kishi әkesi Moldasan jәne aghayyn tuysy Janghabylmen (Qapez Bayghabylúlynyng aghasy) 1916 jyly Oralgha jer audarylady.

Orazaly bolys Oralgha jer audarylyp bara jatqanda ýstine jaman syrmaly jýn shekpenin kiyip alady. Aydauda jýrgende onyng syrmaly eski shekpenine eshkim mәn bermeydi. Alayda, sol shekpenning ishine altyn tiyndar men eski Resey aqshasyn salyp alghan edi. Ondaghy oiy  – aidaudan bir amalyn tauyp  qashyp shyghyp, elge oralatyn jaghdayda halyq qamyna júmsau edi. Oralda Orazaly qala komendantyna kepildikke altyn tengelerin berip, jer audaru merzimin qysqartady. Oraldan shyghyp, jeti-segiz aida Qyrghyz jerinen bir-aq shyghady.  Sóitip, Orazaly toqaly Lәzzatpen Qyrghyzdyng Toqmaq qalashyghynda es jinap, el jaqqa adam jibertip, astyrtyn Jalanashqa keledi.

(Qapez Bayghabylúly (1896-1939 j.)

Osylay jasyrynyp, aghayyn-tuystyng ishinde jýrgende óz tuystarynyng ishinen bireu Orazalynyng Oraldan zansyz qashyp kelip, tyghylyp jýrgenin aq patsha soldattaryna jetkizedi. Sóitip Orazaly bolys jәne ony jasyrghan tuystary, onyng ishinde ózining ýlken úly Túrlyqoja men aghasy Núrbaydyng úly Qazybekke naqaqtan jala jabylyp, Jarkent abaqtysyna qamalady. Osy bir oqigha Qapez Bayghabylúlyn qatty qapalandyryp «Dýniye-ay» ólenining shyghuyna arqau bolady.

Orazaly bolys bes әiel alghan adam. Bәibishesi Sarqyttan Túrlyqoja, Dәuletbaq, Álihan tuady. Kenje toqaly Lәzzattan bes qyz – Hansha, Hadisha, Janylhan, Kýlisha, Kýlbýbi dýniyege keledi. Taghy bir toqaly – qyrghyzdyng ataqty Sauryq biyining qyzy Núrhanza. Núrhanzadan tughan úrpaq qazirgi kezde Qyrghyz respublikasynyng Osh aimaghynda túrady. Eki toqalynan bala sýimegen.

Orazaly óz zamanynyng kózi ashyq, kókiregi oyau, sauatty jәne sauda kәsibin de jaqsy mengergen azamaty bolghan. Oghan dәlel, ekinshi úly Dәuletbaqty saudagha baulyp, Samarqan qalasynda dýken ashyp berip, Qarqara jәrmenkesine ózbek, tәjik  jerinen tauar aldyrtqany.

Orazaly Baybatshaúlynyng bolys bolghany jәne Jetisu ónirine mәshhýr auqatty adam bolghany jayly derek 2004 jylghy 24 qantarda Almaty oblystyq «Jetisu» gazetinde jaryq kórgen (maqala avtory Janat Ahmadiy). Gazette Orazaly Baybatshaúly Jetisu ónirining 10 auqatty iri baylarynyng biri bolghan dep naqty kórsetilgen. Onyng malynyng kóptigi sonday, tek jylqylarynyng ózi bir uaqytta Merkining suyna suatqa týsken kezde tómendegi elge su jetpey qalady eken degen halyq arasynda anyz da bar.

Taghy da basa aitatyn jaghday – Orazaly bolys óz zamanynda halyqtyng sauat ashuyna da kóp kónil bólgen. Búghan ózining ýlken úly Túrlyqojany Vernyy qalasyndaghy orys gimnaziyasyna jәne atalas inisi Qapez Bayghabylúlyn Ystambúl eline bilim alugha jiberui dәlel. Qapez Bayghabylúly ol kezde qarapayym sharua adamy edi. Qapezding alghyrlyghyn kórgen Orazaly bolys óz qarjysyn inisining bilim aluyna júmsaydy. Sary ruynan Qapez Bayghabylúlyn, al Qyzylbórik ruynan Shәrshiken degen azamatty Shelekten shyqqan sol kezdegi ataqty úighyr saudageri Sauytahungha qosyp, Ystambúlgha bilim alugha attandyrady.

Orazaly bolys Ystambúldan bilim alyp kelgen Qapez Bayghabylúlyn ózine kómekshi, hatshy qylyp qyzmetke alady. Búl derekterdi Orazaly bolystyng toqaly Lәzzattan tughan kózi tiri Kýlisha Orazalyqyzy, nemeresi Erghaly Túrlyqojaúly, Aqmetbek Dauletbaqúly jәne Qapezding inisi Ábishúly Baytaybek atalar da rastaydy. Osy mazmúndaghy әngimeni men ózim Enbek Eri atamyz Jolseyit Moldasanovtan kózi tirisinde  talay estigenmin. Jolseyit atamyz әkesi Moldasannyng Orazaly, Lәzzat, Janghabyldarmen qalay Oralgha jer audarylyp, sodan әkesining aidauda auyryp qaytys bolghanyn esine alyp otyratyn. Maqalanyng basynda jazylyp ketkendey, Kýzennen taraghan Qapez Bayghabylúly Qojeke batyrdan, al Orazaly Baybatshaúly Bәke biyden taraydy. Qojeke batyr men  Bәke by bir әke-shesheden taraghan aghayyndy kisiler.

Ózining esteliginde Kýlisha Orazalyqyzy: «Ákem jaryqtyq Qapezdi auzynan bir tastamaytyn. Qapez aghasy Orazalygha tek hatshy emes, adal kómekshisi әri syrlas bauyry da bola bildi. Qapezding әkesi Bayghabyldyng aghasy Janghabylmen jәne Núrbay aghasynyng úly Qazybek, ózining ýlken úly Túrlyqojalarmen Alban kóterilisine qatysqandary ýshin aq patshadan kóp japa shekkenderin, aidauda jýrip, týrmede tútqynda bolghanyn jii esine alyp otyrushy edi jaryqtyq», – deydi.

Orazaly bolys Qytay  jerine bir auyp baryp Qazaqstanda patsha ókimeti qúlap, Kenes ýkimeti ornaghanyn estip, Alban eline qayta oralady. Sóitip 1918 jyly el azamattarymen aqyldasyp, kóshting basyn tughan jeri Jalanashqa qayta búrady. Qayta oralghan Orazalygha Kenes ýkimeti jyly qabaq tanytpaydy. Sonda da Kenes ýkimetining qúryluyna qarsylyq tanytpay, óz erkimen biraz mal-mýlkin ortaq újymgha qosady.

Kenes ýkimetinde újymdastyrumen qosa tap kýresi órship túrghan shaq edi. Búryn airanday úiyp otyrghan el bay, kedey bolyp ekige bólindi. Qazaq tarihyna kóz jýgirtsek, aghayyn ru bolyp otyrghan shaqta túrmysy nashar tuysyna qamqorlyq jasau sol rudan shyqqan auqatty aghayyndarynyng mindeti edi. Sondyqtan basqa elderge qaraghanda qazaqta kedeylerdi ezip, janshu derekteri kóp bolghan emes. Qayta bir rudan kedey, qayyrshy shyghatyn bolsa sol ruly elding betine salyq edi. Sondyqtan aghayyn bir-birine qaraylasyp, bir-birine ýnemi kómek qolyn sozatyn. Kenes ýkimeti qúrylghanda qazaq halqynyng osy bir túrmys-tirshiligi, aghayyngha degen bauyrmaldyghy, elding psihologiyasy eskerilmedi. Qayta halyqty birine-birin aidap salu, aghayyn men aghayyndy jaulastyru sayasaty jýrgizildi. Sonyng saldarynan san ghasyrlardan kele jatqan salt-dәstýr, aghayynnyng arasyndaghy qarym-qatynas, bauyrlastyq, el birligi búzyla bastady. Halyq ishi ósek-ayangha, jalghan úranshyldyqqa toldy, aghayyn arasynda bir-birine jalghan kuәlik beru kóbeyip ketti.

Kenes ýkimetining de kózdegeni osy edi. Osynday ózgeris úiyp otyrghan qazaq elin ydyratty. Búrynghy auqatty aghayyndarynyng kólenkesinde jýrip kýn keshken tuystary Kenes ýkimeti belsendilerining aidap saluymen ózining tuystaryna qarsy aryz-shaghym týsire bastady. Bas kóteruge jaraydy degen azamattar shetinen tútqyndaldy. Osynday qoldan jasalghan aryzdardyng birimen 1928 jyly Orazalynyng bar mal-mýlki tәrkilenip, Kenes ýkimetine qarsy bay-shonjar retinde qamaugha alynady. Kenes ýkimetining qyzyl nauqany halyqtyng azyp-tozuyna, dәstýrli sharuashylyqtyn, el tirshiligining búzyluyna, halyqtyng asharshylyqqa úrynuyna alyp keldi. Orazaly patsha túsynda da tútqyndalyp, satqyndyqqa eti ýirense de ózi kezinde bolystyq qúrghan elinen mynaday jappay satqyndyqty kórgenine jany kýizeldi. Jýregi qan jylasa da eline renjimedi, óitkeni Kenes ýkimetining sayqal sayasatyn týsindi.

Qazirgi tanda Qapez Bayghabylúlynyng shygharmashylyghyn zertteushiler osy bir tarihy derekterdi qaperinen shygharyp, Orazaly bolys pen Alban Sary ruynan shyqqan Orazay bolystyng istegen enbekteri men ómir joldaryn shatastyryp jýr.

Orazay bolys Sary atadan taraytyn Ótep ata – Shiytemir úrpaghy. Kenes ókimeti ornaytyn kezde, Orazaly bolys qughyn-sýrginge úshyraghan shaghynda bolystyqty ózining rulas bauyry Orazaygha ótkizip beredi. Orazay atanyng Kenes ókimeti ornay bastaghanda bir jylgha tolar tolmas uaqyt qana bolys bolghanyna Janghabyldyng (Qapez Bayghabylúlynyng әkesining aghasy) shygharghan myna bir óleng joldary dәlel:

Bolghanda әkeng Tanau, shesheng mynau,
Ekeuinen tuypty shúbar bala-au.
Orazay bolys bolghanda,
Qaptapty jerding betin qyzyl jalau.

Búl óleng shumaqtaryn Qapez Bayghabylúlynyng inisi Ábishting balasy Baytaybek ata men Orazalynyng nemeresi Aqmetbek Dәuletbaqúly aghalar jii aityp otyrady. Orazay atanyng әieli Býbijan men Orazaly bolystyng kelini, ýlken úly Túrlyqojanyng әieli Altynhan bir ýidin, Qyzylbórik Shaghaman ruynan shyqqan Jýnisting qyzdary. Orazay atanyng Býbijan әielinen Dәuitbek tuady, al Túrlyqojanyng әieli Altynhannan Bókeyhan, Erghali, (Omarghaly bala kýninde qaytys bolghan), Maqat, Aqmetqaly degen úldar jәne Yrysbýbi, Nesipbýbi, Aytbýbi, Qúrmanhan degen qyzdar tuady. Sonymen qatar, kezinde Orazaly Baybatshaúly Alash qayratkerleri Oraz Jandosov, Álihan Bókeyhanovtarmen baylanysta bolghan. Orazaly ózining kenje úlyna Álihannyn, nemeresi Túrlyqojanyng ýlken úlyna Álihan Bókeyhanovtyng qúrmetine Bókeyhan dep esim bergenin nemeresi Erghaly Túrlyqojaúly jii aitady.

Tarihta Orazaly bolys Baybatshaúlynday eki ókimet, eki patshalyqta bolys bolghan azamat kóp emes. Orazaly Baybatshaúly aq patsha zamanynan Kenes ókimetining alghashqy jyldaryna deyin Torayghyr bolystyghynda úzaq jyl birneshe ret bolys bolyp, keyinnen jer auyp Qyzay eline baryp qayta bolys bolyp saylanady. Orazaly Baybatshaúlynyng Qyzay elindegi bolystyghy ol bir jeke әngime.

Qoryta aitqanda, Orazaly Baybatshaúly óz zamanynda qazaq dalasynda bolghan san qily oqighalardyng beldi qatysushysy, iri túlghasy. Qapez Bayghabylúlynyng shygharmashylyghyn, ómir tarihyn zerttep jýrgen azamattar nazargha alatyn tarihy keyipkerlerdi erekshe atap ótu kerek. Eskerte ketetin jayt, búl derekter 2004 jyly jaryqqa shyqqan «Jetisu» gazetindegi maqalada: «Orazaly bolysqa jәne Jetisudaghy iri auqatty azamattargha qatysty derekter Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng ortalyq múraghatynda saqtalghan» –  dep jazylghan. Sonymen qatar, Tynyshbek Almabekúlynyng 2014 jyly jaryqqa shyqqan «Úly jýz Alban taypasynyng Bozymynan taraytyn Sary ruynyng shejiresi» kitabynda taygha tanba basqanday etip kórsetilgen.

Búl maqalany jazudaghy maqsatym – bir rudan shyqqan eki atamyzdyng tarihtaghy oryndary naqtyly ózderine tiyesili bolyp jazylsa degen izgi niyet. Tarih – keler úrpaqqa beriletin altynnan da qymbat qazyna. Sol sebepti, tarihtyng әr әrpi ýshin keyingi úrpaq aldynda bizder tikeley jauaptymyz. Áriyne, bir maqalamen Orazaly Baybatshaúlynyng ómir jolyn tolyq qamtydym degennen aulaqpyn. Múnday iri әri el bolashaghy ýshin janyn ayamay kýresken qayratkerler ýshin bir maqala azdyq etedi. Aldaghy uaqytta búl iri túlghalar jayly kólemdi zertteuler jasalynuy qajettigi, tarihy faktilerding naqtylaudy talap etetini dausyz. Bolashaqta Orazaly bolys pen Orazay bolystyng elge jasaghan eren enbekteri bir-birimen shatastyrmay jazylsa degen niyet te joq emes. Qapez Bayghabylúlynyng ómirin zertteushiler ýshin tarihy túlghalar men tarihy naqty faktiler búrmalanbay, aqiqattyng aq paraghynan alystamay jazylsa, núr ýstine núr bolar edi. Múnyng barlyghy óskeleng úrpaqtyng núrly bolashaghyna auaday qajet ekendigin de erekshe atap ótkenimiz jón.

Serik Erghaliyúly,

Orazaly bolys shóberesi

Abai.kz