Qazaq dalasyn Resey imperiyasynyng qúramyna engizip, otarlau qýrsauyn kýsheytu maqsatynda patsha biyligi 1868 jyly «Uaqytsha ereje» dep atalatyn kezekti әkimshilik- territoriyalyq reforma jýrgizedi. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde Orynbor jәne Ombygha qaraytyn ólkeden «Dalalyq oblystar» degen ataugha ie jana әkimshilik-basqaru jýiesin qúrady. Oblys – uezden, uezd  – bolystan, bolys – auyldardan qúraldy. Atalghan erejege sәikes Orynbor әkimshiligine qaraghan Batys, Orta, Shyghys Ordanyng territoriyasynan Torghay jәne Oral oblystary ashylady.

Torghay oblysy ortalyghy Elek (Aqtóbe), Torghay, Yrghyz, Nikolaevsk dep belgilengen tórt uezden qúralady. Sol tórt uezding ortalyqtary, Orynbor guberniyasyna qaraytyn Nikolaevsk stanisiyasynan (keyin Troisk qalasy) basqasy, Torghay oblysynyng territoriyasynda ornalasqan búrynghy әskery bekinisterge oryn tepti. Shet qalghan Nikolaevsk uezining ortalyghyn Torghay oblysynyng jerine ornalastyru maqsatynda 1870 jyly әskery general-gubernator A.F. Balluzekting tapsyrmasymen Orynbor әskery okrugi әskeriy-topografiyalyq bólimining basshysy, polkovniyk, geograf, kartograf A. A. Tillo Tobyl ózenining boyyna arnayy saparmen kelip, «Ordabay «degen jerdi bolashaq uezd ortalyghy dep belgileydi. Ol sol jerge әskery topograf-geodizsterding qoldanatyn әdisimen topyraqtan ýlken piramida ýiip, belgi soghady.

Sodan bastap «Ordabay» atauy oblys әkimshiligining hattarynda, sonday-aq Orys gegorafiyalyq qoghamynyng Orynbor bólimshesining jazbalarynda oryn ala bastaydy. Ordabay toponiymi turaly tolyq mәlimet Nikolaevsk uezining agha kómekshisi, shtabs-rotmistr Tilemúhambet Seydәlinning qyzmettik raportynda saqtalghan. Onyng jazylu tarihy bylaysha tuyndaghan: 1879 jyly, yaghny uezd ortalyghy Ordabay bolady degen sheshimnen 9 jyl ótken son, Torghay oblysyn A. Balluzekten keyin basqarghan A.P. Konstantinovich Nikolaevsk uezining ortalyghyn Ordabaygha kóshiru maqsatynda jaz mezgilining ishinde bolashaq mekenning ornyn arnayy kóruge keledi. Oghan Ordabaydyng ornalasqan jeri geografiyalyq jәne sanitarlyq túrghydan únamay, Tobyl ózenining tómengi aghysymen 18 verst jerdi sholyp shyghyp, qalanyng túrghyn-jaylyq qonysy ornalasatyn jerdi ózen jaghalauyndaghy eki tereng jyra, say arasynan belgileydi. Ol meken «Qostanay ótkeli» túsyndaghy say men «Ábil-say» arasyndaghy Tobyl ózeni arnasyna jaqyn, biyik jarqabaqty jaghalau bolatyn jәne búl jerlerde qazaq auyldarynyng qystaulyq jerleri ornalasqan edi.

Oblys basshysy uezding agha kómekshisine ózi sholyp shyqqan 18 verst jerdegi qystaulyq jerding iyelerin anyqtap, onda jyl sayyn qansha shómele shóp dayyndalatynyn anyqtaudy búiyrady. T. Seydalin general-gubernatordyng tapsyrmasyn 1879 jyldyng kýz aiynda tolyq oryndap, jogharyda atap ótkenimizdey, oblys basshysyna raport jazady. Onyng jazbasynan bizder «Ordabay» toponiyminin  tolyq atauyn jәne ol kisi esiminen payda bolghanyn, 1870 jyl kartograf A.Tillo Nikolaevsk uezining jana ortalyghy dep belgilengen piramida formasynda soghylghan belgi - topyraq ýiindisi saqtalyp túrghanyn oqy alamyz.

Súltan Seydalin bylay deydi: «Urdabay-togay (Urdabaevy luga) nazvanie svoe poluchil ot iymeny kochevavshego tut nekogda kirgiza Urdabaya, a «togay» znachiyt: luga. Kak vidno iz samogo nazvaniya, mestnosti Urdabay-togay predstavlyaet lugovoe prostranstvo, lejashee v doliyne r. Tobola, prostirayasi po techenii poslednego verst na 6-ti, a poperek ot 1,5 do 2,5 verst, t.e. vo vsu shirinu ego doliny v etom meste. ...Izbrannyy v 1870 godu pod raspolojenie goroda punkt, oboznachennyy v nature zemnoy nasypiu v viyde piramidy, nahoditsya na odnom iz vozvysheniy levoy, naibolee nagornoy storone, v verhnih chastyah Urdabay-togaya, y otstoit ot r. Tobola, protekaishego v etom meste bolee posrediyne doliny, t.e. ne podhodya ny k odnomu iz nagornyh beregov, v poluverst» (Tolyghyraq: Seydәlin jәne Qostanay qalasy: Joghalghan toponimder).

Olay bolsa, Ordabay – «Ordabay» esimdi kisining mekeni jәne onyng tolyq atauy – Ordabay-toghay (shalghyn). Demek, orys tildi patshalyq әkimshilikting qyzmettik jazbalarynda qazaq tilindegi aityluy qiyn birikken sózderden túratyn jer-su ataularynyng bir bóligin qysqartyp ataghanyn bayqaymyz. Sodan Ordabay-toghay – Ordabay, Qostanay ótkeli – Qostanay bolyp qysqaryp qalghan.

Ordabay toponiymi birshama qysqa uaqyt (shamamen, 1879-1883) aralyghynda, bolashaq qalanyng atauy retinde qoldanylghan. Múny bizder Y.Altynsarinnyng V.Katarinskiyge 1879 jyldyng 27 jeltoqsanynda Torghay qalasynan jazghan hatynan jәne N.Iliminskiyding qazaq aghartushysy turaly jazba esteliginen esteliginen kóre alamyz. N.Iliminskiyding esteliginde mynaday joldar saqtalghan: «V 1881 godu Altynsarin uje sam v vyshepriyvedennom otnosheniy ot 5 aprelya №43, upomyanuv, chto v to vremya ustroilosi uje chetyre sentralinyh uchilisha v stepnyh krepnostyah: Turgay, Aktobe, Irgiz y Urdabae (poslednee vpredi do okonchaniya postroyky zdaniya ostavlosi eshe v g. Troiske)».

1884 jyly Nikolaevsk uezining ortalyghy Troiskiden jana ortalyqqa birjolata kóship kelip, «Nikolaevsk» poseleniyesi dep, keyin Novonikolaevsk, sodan baryp 1895 jyly «Qostanay qalasy» dep atalady.

Aytayyn degenimiz – jazba derekterge erteden týsip, bolashaq qalanyng alghashqy orny bolyp belgilengen, qala atyn az uaqyt bolsa da iyelengen Ordabay-toghay toponiymining býgingi tandaghy tikeley múrageri – Qostanay qalasynda tarihy ataugha arnalghan ia eldi meken, ia kóshe atauy, tipten bolmasa, aituly ghimarat ne qúrylys nysany joq. Kenestik dәuirde Ordabay-toghaydyng ornynda bolghan «Krasnyy partizan» poselkasy tәuelsizdik alghannan keyin Amangeldi atandy. Ol Amangeldi Imanovtyng qúrmetine qoyylghan edi. Áttegen-ay, batyrgha asa zәru el siyaqty bir kisining tónireginen ainalshyqtay bermey, sol kezde ony «Ordabay-toghay» nemese «Ordabay» dep atap jibergende bolatyn edi. Bolmasa, Ordabay-toghaydyng janyndaghy Tobylgha týsken «KJBI» kópirin Ordabay, Tólengit-sayyna týsken «Kәrister kópirin» Tólengitter kópiri dep qala ornyndaghy tarihy mekendik ataumen atap jibergende, kim qolymyzdy qaghar edi?

Búl orayda, bizden patshalyq zamandaghy pereselender myqty bolghan eken. Olar qalanyng soltýstiktegi sheti bolyp sanalghan, «Qostanay ótkel»-ding joghary túsyndaghy, dәlirek aitqanda, shveysar kәsipkeri Lorensting syra zauytynyng janyndaghy tereng saydy qalanyng alghashqy atauyna qúrmet retinde «Ordabay-say» dep atap ketedi. Sol atumen ol qalanyng alghashqy kartasynan oryn alady (Tolyghyraq: Tarihy jәdiger: Qostanay qalasynyng alghashqy kartasy).

Degenmen de, kózi qaraqty, elding tarihynan habary bar qarapayym kisiler Ordabay-toghaydy úmytpaghan syndy. Qala sheti ayaqtalyp, qazirgi Amangeldi kenti bastalatyn saydyng qala betinde, «Himikter» sayajayynyng Tobyl ózenine qaraghan betindegi ashyq alangha qoyylghan myna bir qaradýrsin, bújyr betonnan siqysyz soghylghan, túrpaty piramidagha úqsaghan belgi bizderge Ordabay-toghaygha qoyylghan eskertkishtey bolyp, bayaghy 1870 jylghy topyraq ýiindisinen soghylghan piramidanynyng janghyryghy sekildi kórindi (suret 1).

Suret 1. Halyqtyq piramida.

Eki bólikten túratyn belgining tómengi jaghy piramida túrpatynda. Oghan joghary jaqtan qoyylghan dóngelek belgini kisi beynesine qatty úqsatyp túr. Sondyqtan oghan baz bireuler (jas balalar bolsa kerek) adamnyng bet- jýzine qatysty keskinin salyp, eki ezui salbyrap, múnayghan adam sipatyna ainaldyrghan. Bayaghy týrki babalarymyzdan qalghan balbal tastar sekildi túnjyraghan kisi keyipi. Zamanauy balbal tastyng kónili nege túnjyrady? Eskerusiz, eleusiz qalghanyna qapa bolyp, kónili týsip túr ma eken? Qalay bolghanda da, qala tarihynan habardar kisige týrli oy salatyn kórinis...

Piramida Yandeks kartasynan bir nýkte bolyp oryn alghan. Kartagha tirkelmegendikten, aty, ne zaty joq? Beymәlim piramidanyng Tobyl ózenine qaraghan betinde«Pervaya rechnaya ulisa», «Vtoraya rechnaya ulisa» degen eki kóshe ornalasqan. Vtoraya rechnaya kóshesinen «Himikter» sayajayynyng tu syrtyna baratyn sýrleu jol bar (suret 3).

Suret 3. Yandeks kartasyndaghy halyqtyq piramidanyng orny.

Piramida ornatylghan ashyq alannyng janyndaghy saydyng arghy beti – Amangeldi kenti, bergi qala betinde 2000-jyldary boy kótergen «Taun-say» shaghyn audany. «Taun-say» dep shetel sózin aralastyrghansha, «Ordabay-say» dep nege qoymaghan bizding júrt? Áttegen-ay, Ordabay-toghay túl jetimning kýiindey kýy keship, joqshysyz qalghan ghoy. Qap, kezinde súltan Seydәlinning auzyna bir rudyng aty týspegenin qarashy?! Ol onyng ru-taypasyn atap, týstep bergende, júrtshylyq jadynda joq kisilerden jappay biy-batyr jasap jatqan býgingi kýnning shyndyghyna shiyrylyp, eleusiz qalmas pa edi, sonyna kýndey kýrkiregen joqshy týsip, әr jerden dabyl da qaghylar ma edi?! Qyrsyqqanda, Tobyl boyyna «orda tikken» Ordabaydyng sonyna anyz-әpsana da ermegen eken. Ergende, enseli eskertkish ornatyp, zәulim ýilerding qabyrghasyna suretin salyp, qaqshityp qoyar edik!

Taun-saydyng janynda kenestik dәuirinen qúrylysy ayaqtalmay qalghan Ózen vokzalynyng (Rechnoy vokzal) ghimaraty bar (suret 2). Kóp jyldar bos túrdy. Qazirgi tanda jeke menshikke ótken. Múny da dúrystap oilastyra bilgende (aytalyq, qalajәne oblys tarihynan habar beretin aspan astyndaghy muzey), qalanyng alghash tu tikken jeri dep turistik nysangha ainaldyrugha bolar ma edi?

Suret 2. Ózen vokzaly.

Týiindey kelgende, atalghan halyqtyq beymәlim belgi, bizding payymyzsha, Qostanay qalasynyng alghashqy orny dep belgilengen tarihy mekendi úmytpau, ony janghyrtu maqsatynda belgisiz belsendilerding erik-jigerimen qoyylghan dep topshylaymyz. Múny mýmkinshiligi az, qoly qysqa sayajay túrghyndary qoydy ma, әlde basqa bireuler әldeyilep belgi soqty ma, ol jaghy bizge beymәlim. Múny talghamsyz qarabayyr soghylghan belgi dep namystansaq ta, bolmasa әldebir mazaq eken dep kýiinsek te, sóz Ordabay-toghaydy dúrys qúnttamay jýrgen ózimizge keledi.

Desek te, joqtan, kónildegidey bolmasa da, bary jaqsy. Nәsili kim bolsa da, tarihy Ordabay-toghaydyng territoriyasyna beton piramida-belgini túrghyzghan kisilerding atasyna myng da bir alghys!

Maqala QR Mәdeniyet jәne aqparat ministrligi Arhiyv, qújattama jәne kitap isi komiyteti Ortalyq memlekettik arhiyvining tapsyrysymen jýzege asyrylatyn «Qazaqstan aimaqtarynyng jer-su ataularyn diahroniyalyq zertteu» jobasy boyynsha jazyldy.

Almasbek Ábsadyq,

Qostanay qalasy.

Abai.kz