Songhy jyldary qoghamda jii kóteriletin súraqtardyng biri – qazaq halqynyng demografiyalyq bolashaghy men Qazaqstannyng úzaq merzimdi damuy.

Qazirgi kóptegen bilimdi azamattardy, qazaqtardyng sany jyl sayyn qatty kemip bara jatqandyghy, tuu kórsetkishining óte tómendep ketkendigi, sonday-aq, sheteldegi qandastardyng elge keluine әdeyi qoldan jasalynghan kedergiler bar ekenin (Ýkimetting sayasy sauatsyzdyghynyng arqasynda, týkke qajeti joq pilottyq jobanyng iske qosyluy, naqty aitarymyz, qadirmendi biylik iyesi osyny qalayda jenildetuge kómektesip jiberui kerek), әri Qazaqstannyng kópshilik bóligining qanyrap bos qalghandyghy qatty alandatuda. Sonymen qatar, túrghyndardyng túrmys dengeyining tómendeui, dýkenderde azyq-týlik baghasynyng qatty qymbattauy, jalaqy men zeynetaqynyng kýnkóriske jetkiliksizdigi, shaghyn jәne orta kәsipkerlikting tyghyryqqa tirelui qazirgi kýnderi ýlken problemagha ainaldy.

Áriyne, búl súraqtargha emosiyamen emes, tarihy tәjiriybe men naqty mysaldargha sýiene otyryp jauap bergenimiz dúrys. Qazaqstannyng keleshegi bar ma? Qazaqtar memleketti ústap túra ala ma?

Eng aldymen demografiya problemasyna toqtalghan jón. Kez kelgen memleketting bolashaghy halyq sanyna tikeley baylanysty. Halyq kóp bolsa, enbek resursy da kóbeyedi, ishki naryq ta damidy, qorghanys qabileti de kýsheyedi. Qazaq halqy tarihta talay auyr synaqtardy bastan ótkerdi. HH ghasyrdyng 20-30 jyldaryndaghy asharshylyqta halqymyzdyng ýlken bóligi qyryldy nemese shetelge kóship ketti. Qazir sony keltire almay әlekpiz.

Songhy jyldary tuu kórsetkishining tym tómendep ketken. Búghan túrghyn ýy baghasynyng ósui, jastardyng kesh otbasyn qúruy jәne bala tәrbiyesine ketetin shyghyndardyng artuy әser etude. Jәne bir aitarymyz, kórshi elderding iydealogiyasynyng qatty qysymynan, qazaq qoghamynyng tym azghyndanyp ketkendigi. Sondyqtan, últtyq iydealogiyany joghary dengeyde tezdetip damytu (til, dәstýr, әdep-ghúryp, taghy basqalar), jas otbasylardy qoldau erekshe manyzdy.

Mysal keltiretin bolsaq, Vengriya memleketi birneshe jyl búryn demografiyalyq daghdarysqa tap boldy. Ýkimet kópbalaly otbasylargha túrghyn ýige jenildetilgen nesie berip, salyqtyq jenildikter úsyndy. Nәtiyjesinde tuu kórsetkishin túraqtandyrugha qol jetkizdi. Qazaqstan da osynday tәjiriybelerdi óz jaghdayyna beyimdep paydalana alady.

Taghy bir manyzdy súraq – sheteldegi qazaqtardyng tarihy Otanyna oraluyn tezdetu qajet. Álemning әr týkpirinde talay milliondaghan etnikalyq qazaq ómir sýrip jatyr. Eger olardy elge keltire alsaq, qazirgi әlsirep bara jatqan Qazaqstannyng demografiyalyq jәne ekonomikalyq әleuetin arttyra alatyn ýlken kýsh bolyp tabylar edi.

Tәuelsizdik jyldarynda kóptegen qandastarymyz Mongholiyadan, Qytaydan, Ózbekstannan, Týrkimenstannan jәne basqa memleketterden kóship keldi. Olar auyl sharuashylyghynda, bilim salasynda, kәsipkerlikte jәne mәdeniyette óz ornyn tauyp, elding damuyna ýles qosty.

Sondyqtan, kóshi-qon rәsimderin jenildetu – demografiyalyq sayasattyng manyzdy bóligi retinde qaraluy kerek. Qújattardy rәsimdeu neghúrlym jenil bolsa, soghúrlym tarihy Otanyna oralghysy keletin azamattardyng sany artady.

Sonday-aq – bos jatqan aumaqtardy iygeru. Qazaqstan әlemdegi jer kólemi eng ýlken memleketterding biri, halyq tyghyzdyghy tómen elderding qataryna jatady. Kóptegen auyldarda, audandarda, monoqalalarda tipti, oblys ortalyqtarynda, halyq sany jyl ótken sayyn qatty kemip keledi.

Biraq, әlemde múnday jaghdaydy sәtti sheshken elder bar. Mysaly, Kanada soltýstik ónirlerin damytu ýshin arnayy baghdarlamalar qabyldap, kәsipkerler men mamandargha shynayy týrde jenildikter berdi. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde shalghay aimaqtarda jana óndirister ashylyp, halyq sany óse bastady.

Mysal keltirsek, Týrkistan oblysyndaghy kóptegen auyldarda jylyjay sharuashylyghy jaqsy damyp keledi. Sonyng arqasynda jergilikti túrghyndar jyl boyy tabys tauyp otyr.

Endigi aitarymyz – halyqtyng túrmys dengeyi. Qarapayym azamat ýshin elding bolashaghy turaly sózden búryn ózining kýndelikti túrmysy manyzdy. Eger jalaqy azyq-týlik baghasyna jetpese, adamdar ertengi kýnge alandaydy.

Múnday jaghdayda ekonomikany әrtaraptandyru erekshe manyzdy. Qazaqstan úzaq uaqyt boyy múnay men metaldargha tәueldi boldy. Alayda shiykizatqa ghana sýienu jetkiliksiz.

Mysaly, Ontýstik Koreya ótken ghasyrdyng ortasynda kedey agrarlyq memleket bolatyn. Býginde ol elektronika, keme jasau jәne avtomobili óndirisi boyynsha әlem kóshbasshylarynyng biri. Múnday nәtiyjege bilimge, ghylymgha jәne óndiristi damytugha kónil bólu arqyly jetti.

Qazaqstan da tek shiykizat satumen shektelmey, dayyn ónim óndiruge úmtyluy kerek. Aytarymyz, elimiz biday óndiruden әlemdegi jetekshi memleketterding biri. Eger astyqty shiykizat retinde ghana eksporttamay, odan makaron, kondiyterlik ónimder jәne basqa da tauarlar óndirsek, tabys birneshe ese artady.

Sonymen qatar – kәsipkerlikting damuy. Kәsipkerlik jana júmys oryndaryn qúryp, halyqtyng tabysyn arttyrady.

Mysaly, AQSh ekonomikasynyng negizgi tiregi – shaghyn jәne orta biznes. Eldegi júmys oryndarynyng kóp bóligi dәl osy sektorda qúrylghan. Qazaqstanda da kәsipkerlerge qoljetimdi nesie beru, әkimshilik kedergilerdi kemitu jәne otandyq óndirushilerdi qoldau manyzdy.

Mysaly, tabighy resurstary óte kem Singapur býginde әlemdegi eng damyghan memleketterding biri. Onyng negizgi baylyghy – sol eldegi bilimdi jәne bilikti azamattar. Sondyqtan, Qazaqstan ýshin de mektep pen uniyversiytet sapasyn arttyru strategiyalyq mindet boluy tiyis.

Bizding elde, asa qatty taghy bir kónil audaratyn baghyt, qazirgi azyp-tozyp bara jatqan qazaq qoghamyn, azghyndyqtan qorghaudyng taghy bir joly – últtyq mәdeniyetti nyghaytu. Batyrlar jyry, tarihy romandar, últtyq muzyka, dәstýrli óner jәne qazaq әdebiyeti jastar tәrbiyesining manyzdy qúraly boluy kerek. Qazaqstan tele arnalaryn tolyqtay qazaqshagha audaru kerek.

Ári, otbasy institutyn nyghaytu da asa manyzdy. Bala tәrbiyesi eng aldymen otbasynan bastalady. Sondyqtan ata-analardyng jauapkershiligin arttyrugha negizdelgen baghdarlamalar men qoghamdyq bastamalar kóbeygeni dúrys. Otbasynda syilastyq pen tәrbie bolghan jerde qogham da túraqty bolady.

Tarih bir shyndyqty ýiretedi: azghyndyqqa úshyramay, bolashaghyna senetin, enbek etetin jәne bilimge úmtylatyn halyq eshqashan joghalmaydy. Qazaq halqy ghasyrlar boyy talay synnan ótti. Sondyqtan býgingi qiyndyqtardy da enseruge tolyq mýmkindigi bar. Eger demografiyany qoldap, qandastar kóshin jenildetip, kәsipkerlikti damytyp, halyqtyng túrmysyn jaqsarta alsaq, Qazaqstannyng keleshegi jarqyn bolmaq.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek,

Qazaqstan Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi