«Ótken tarihymyzgha taghzym da, býgingi baqytymyzgha maqtanysh ta, gýldengen keleshekke senim de Mәngilik El degen qúdiretti úghymgha syiyp túr. Otandy sýi – babalardan miras bolghan úly múrany qadirleu, ony kózding qarashyghynday saqtau, óz ýlesindi qosyp, damytu jәne keyingi úrpaqqa amanat etip, tabystau degen sóz. Barsha qazaqstandyqtardyng júmysynyng týpki mәni – osy». Memleket basshysy «Núrly Jol – bolashaqqa bastar jol» atty Qazaqstan halqyna Joldauynda osylay dedi. Yaghni, ótkendi úmyt­pay, býgingini baghalap, bolashaqqa nyq senimmen qarau kerek. Árqay­sysyn bayyppen saralap, týiin jasay bilgenning útylmasy haq. Bodandyqtyng búghauynda jýr­­gen tústa ózgelerding tarihyn terendep oqysaq ta, tól oqu­lyqtarymyzdyng qylyshtyng qyrynday bolghany da shyndyq. Tuys­tas taypalardyng basyn qosyp, bolashaq qazaq mem­leket­tiligining negizin qalap ket­ken handarymyzdyng da atyn atay almadyq. Oghan әre­ket­tengen ziyalylarymyzdyn, ghalym­darymyzdyng izine imperiya sham alyp týsip, qughyngha úshyratty. El tәuelsizdigine qol jetkeli beri tarihymyzdyng aqtandaq betteri qalypqa keltirilip keledi. Sonyng biri – Qazaq handyghynyng 550 jyl­dyghynyng atalyp ótilui. Ony toylaudaghy maqsat – iship-jeu emes, halqymyz bas­tap keshken sol bir kezenderdi qayta jan­ghyrtyp, úrpaqtargha tә­lim etu, yntymaq-birlikti dәrip­tep, eldigimizdi barshagha tany­tu, qazaqstandyqtardyng patrio­tizmin nyghaytu jәne olar­dyng ruhany túrghydan ósip-jetiluin qamtamasyz etu. Qazaqstan Preziydenti mereytoydy qalyptasqan kýrdeli ekonomikalyq jaghdayda artyq shyghynsyz, biraq halyq jadynda qalatynday sapaly ótkizudi tapsyrdy. Týrki halyqtarynyng arghy babalary saqtar men ghún­dar, qypshaqtar men oghyzdar Euraziyanyng baytaq dalasynda nebir úly qaghandyqtar men handyqtar qúryp, eli men jerin, tili men tarihyn jәne salt-dәstýr men ata zanyn qalyptastyrghan. Auyz әdebiyeti men jazu mәdeniyeti de damyghan. Jyr-dastandarda halyqtyng basynan keshken oqighalar kórkem tilmen bayandalady. Mysaly: «Edildi kelip alghany, Etekke qoldy salghany. Jayyqty kep alghany, Jaghana qoldy salghany», – degen joldar kóp nәrseni anghart­qanday. Sol Edilding jaghasyna tayau jerdegi Naryn qúmy men Bókey dalasyn mekendep otyrghan Bókey ordasy dep atalatyn audan handyq biylikting songhy izi qalghan jer. Jerúiyqty izdep jýrgen Asan qayghy babamyz qyrdan shúnqyr qazyp, qayta kómgende, topyraq jetpey qalsa, Narynda artyq qalypty. «Bereke-baylyq osynda» degen eken sonda babamyz. Bóltek toly tal-shilik, moyyly men jiydesi, ashyqtaghy shúrayly kókmaysa shóbi, qazghanda jarty metrden shyghatyn móldir suy ghasyrlar boyy qazaqtargha jayly qonys boldy. Oghan qyzygha qarap, kóz alartqan ózge júrt ta az emes-ti. Qoldan qolgha ótken atamekendi Núraly hannyng úly Bókey súl­tan asqan diplomatiyalyq sheber­likpen qaytaryp, 1801 jyldyng 11 nauryzynda orys imperatory I Pavelden resmy rúqsat alady. Sol jyldyng kýzinde 5000 týtin, 22725 adam, 2 million malmen Jayyq ózenining ishki (on) jaq betine kóship, qonystanady. Patsha ýkimetining 1806 jylghy 19 mamyrdaghy jarlyghymen Edil men Jayyq aralyghyna or­nalasqan Bókey handyghyna 6500 desyatina jer bólinedi. Ol soltýstiginde – Samar, shyghy­synda – Oral guberniyalarymen, batysynda – Astrahan guber­­niyasynyng Sarev, Enetaev, Krasnoyar uezderimen, ontýstiginde Kaspiy tenizimen shektesken. 1812 jyldyng 1 mamyrynda Bókey Aleksandr I patshanyng arnayy gramotasymen «Qyrghyz-qaysaq Kishi ordasynyn» hany bolyp taghayyndalady. Ony aq kiyizge otyrghyzyp, han kóteru rәsimi Oral qalasy manyndaghy toghayda ótedi de, ol jer keyin «Han toghayy» atalyp ketedi. Orys patshasynyng Bókeyge Edilge deyingi en dalagha oralugha rúqsat berui «bólshekte de biyley ber» sayasatyn ústanghandyq, sol arqyly qazaq súltandary arasyna iritki salu edi. «Poliza ojidaemaya ot nih ta, chto kogda ony s takim velikom chislom skota ostanutsya, kakoy pry nih prej­de, to onoy budet v Rossiy y ne budut polizovatisya im hivinsy y buharsy, kak do sego delalosi, narod sey je kogda obruseet, to ostanetsya na takom tochno osnovanii, kak y drugoy v Astrahanskoy guberniy aziatskiy narod, kochevye kalmyki, turhmenskie tatary», – dep payymdaydy. Alayda, Bókey súltan otarlaushylar oilaghanday kónbistik tanytpaydy. Ol kishi jýz qazaqtaryn Oral kazak atamandary shabuylynan qorghau, kýizelgen qazaqtardyng ata qonysta sharuashylyq qúryp, Edil-Jayyq aralyghynyng zandy iyesi atanuy jolynda enbektenedi. Nәtiyjesinde «jýdeu, azdaghan bas malmen kóship barghan qazaqtardy» aqtyly qoyy, mynghyrghan týiesi, jylqysy bar el qataryna jet­kizedi. Halqymen birge kóshpeli ómir keship, elining ensesin kó­teredi. Ómirden ótkenshe sonyna ergen halyqty qamqorlaudan janylmaydy. Sondyqtan da ol turaly el arasynda eshbir ghaybat sóz aitylghan emes. Qayta «Óz zamanynyng aghymyn jaqsy týsingen, kóregen, sauatty adam. Júrtty sauattandyrugha, oty­ryqshylyqqa baulyp, keyinnen dәstýrge engen kóp ból­meli qa­raghay ýiler men shiyki tastan so­ghylghan tas qystaular saldyrdy» dep bagha berse, belgili orys etnografy P.IY.Nebolisiyn: «Bókey tapqyrlyghymen, zerek­tigimen jәne búryn-sondy bolyp kórmegen aqyldylyghymen erekshelenetin», – depti. Bókey han 1815 jyly 21 mamyrda Edilding tenizge qúyar saghasynda, Jigit mekenining manynda qaytys bolyp, denesi Astrahan guberniyasynyng Bәibek degen jerine, óz ósiyeti boyynsha Seyit baba qorymyna jerlenedi. Han taghy múragerlik jolmen Jәngirge (1801-1845) be­rilgenimen, onyng jastyghyna baylanysty biylik Bókeyding inisi Shyghay súltangha tapsyrylady. 1823 jylgha deyin Astrahan gubernatory Andreevskiyding ýiin­de tәrbiyelenip, europasha bilim alghan Jәngirding el basqa­rudaghy qyzmetine berilgen baghada qarama-qayshylyqtar kóp. Biri ony qazaqtyng túrmys-tirshi­ligin damytugha sýbeli ýles qos­qan reformator dese, «han emessin, lansyn, qara shúbar jy­lansyn» degen aqyn Mahambet Óte­misovting aghymymen, ýstem tapty únatpaytyn kenestik iydeo­logiyanyng yqpalymen ja­ghymsyz beynede de kórsetedi. Qalay desek te, han Jәngirding qazaq tarihynda túnghysh ret sheshek auruyna qarsy egu isin (1826 j.) úiymdastyryp, Bókey handyghynyng jaghrafiyalyq kartasyn (1828 j.) jasatqany, susyghan qúmdy toqtatu ýshin aghash otyrghyzudy (1831 j.) qolgha aldyrtqany, ýlken sauda jәrmenkesin (1832 j.), mú­sylmandar meshitin (1835 j.) ashtyr­ghany, arhiv mekemesin (1838 j.) qalyptastyrghany shyn­dyq. 1838 jyly alghashqy dәrihana óz júmysyn bastasa, 1840 jyly veterinarlyq punkt, poshta baylanysy iske qosylyp, mal túqy­myn jandandyru, ekpeler jýrgizip, zertteu jasalypty. 1841 jyldyng 6 jeltoqsanynda Han ordasynda Jәngir mektebi esigin aiqara ashyp, shәkirtterdi qabyldaydy. 1843 jyly hangha patshalyq Resey general-mayor ataghyn berse, 1844 jyldyng 9 mamyrynda Qazan uniyversiyteti Ghylymy kenesining qúrmetti mýshesi bolyp saylanady. Onyng bastaghan isi, ózi ólgennen keyin de jalghasyn tauyp, 1852 jyly Ordada túnghysh auruhana, 1862 jyly kitaphana ashyldy. Han jәrmenkesindegi sauda-sattyqtyng damuyna baylanysty aqsha kapitalyn retteytin әri saqtaytyn oryn «Kaznacheystvo» mekemesi 1867 jyly qúrylyp, bank qyzmetin atqarady. 1869 jyly órt sóndirushiler komandasy men jyljymaly oboz jasaqtalady. 1870 jyly Reseyden aua rayyn baqylaytyn aspaptar әkelinip, meteorologiyalyq stansa jú­mys jasaydy. 1890 jyly Naryn orman sharuashylyghy qúry­lyp, 1908 jyly Orda orman sharuashylyghy mekemesi janynan pitomnikter jabdyqtalady. 1910 jyly ormanshylar mektebi ashylady. 1908 jyly oba indetine qarsy kýres stansasy, 1910 jy­ly onyng janynan laboratoriya, pasterleu stansasy úiym­dastyrylady. 1911 jyly qazaq baspasózi qarlyghashtarynyng biri – «Qazaqstan» gazeti jaryq kórse, 1913 jyly Qazaqstanda túnghysh ret Ordada sot dәrigeri qyzmeti bekitilipti. Tize bersek, qazaq, Qazaqstan tarihynda túnghysh ret degen atau­dy iyemdengen nәrseler búl Ordada jeterlik. Elimizding Qazaq­stan atanuynyng ózi osynda birinshi ret jaryq kórgen gazetten bastau alghan. Sondyqtan da búl qasiyetti mekendi kópshilikting «túnghyshtardyng Otany» dep dәripteuleri zandy. Sauatty adam tóniregindegi bolyp jatqan oqighalargha beyjay qaramaydy. Ózinshe payymdap, qajetine qaray pikir bildiredi, aralasady. Kózi ashyq bókeylikter de qalyng búqaranyng múnyn joqtaushy retinde kórine bilgen bolishevikter partiyasyn qoldap, kenes ókimetining Qazaqstanda alghash Ordada ornauyna (1917 j.) dәneker bolypty. Birinshi ýlgili qazaq-kenes atty әsker polki de 1918 jyly osynda jasaqtalyp, túnghysh komsomol úiymy da (1918 j.) osynda qúrylghan, 1918 jyly túnghysh kenestik baspahana ashy­lyp, onda «Dúrystyq joly», «Kirgizskaya pravda», «Úshqyn», «Dala dabyly», «Qazaq jarlylary», «Kedey tuy» syndy gazet-jurnaldar basylghan. Jәngir han kóz júmghannan keyin patsha ýkimeti handyqty joyyp, biylik jýrgizudi Uaqytsha keneske tapsyrdy. 1860 jyly Bókey ordasy 7 әkimshilik bó­likke (Targhyn, Qalmaq, Na­ryn, Qamys-Samar,Talov, Birin­shi, Ekinshi Teniz jaghalauy okrug­terine) bólinip, әrqaysyna әkim-praviyteli taghayyndaldy. 1920 jyly Bókey guberniyasy (ortalyghy – Orda) qúrylghanda qúramyna 8 (Qalmaq, Qamys-Samar, Naryn, Birinshi Teniz, Ekin­shi Teniz, Talov, Targhyn, Edil-Kaspiy) uezd enedi. 1925 jyly búl guberniya Oral guberniya­syna qosylady. 1928 jyly Bókey uezi Oral oblysynyng Orda audany bolyp ózgertiledi. Sóitip, Bókeyding aty joyylady. Halqymyzdy ótkeninen aiy­ryp, mәngýrt jasau jolynda kenes ókimetining jasaghan jy­mysqy sayasatynyng biri – ziyalylaryn qúrtyp, olardyng oshaq­taryn әskery synaq orta­lyq­taryna ainaldyru bolghan tәrizdi. 1947 jyly Bókey dalasynda da atom qaruyn synau bas­talady. 1952 jyly Orda audany taratylyp, territoriyasynyng basym bóligi «Azghyr», «Kapustiyn-Yar» poligondaryna beriledi. On­daghy synaqtardan kelgen zar­­dap túr­ghyndar arasynda әli bayqaluda. 1972 jyly qayta qúrylghan Orda audanyna 2001 jyly Bókey ordasynyng 200 jyldyghyna oray, Qazaqstan Respublikasy Preziydentining Jarlyghymen Bókey ordasy atauy qaytaryldy. Núrsúltan Ábishúly Nazarbaev  Han ordasy auylynda eki ret bolyp, ólkemizding ataqty aza­mattarynyng esimin, tarihyn saq­tay bilgen jerlesterimizge zor riza­shylyq bildirdi. Bókey ordasy tarihy múrajayy kitabyna: «Óz jerinin, óz elining tarihyn, ataqty azamattaryn qúrmettey bilu degen halyq sana-sezimining ósuine sebep bolmaq», degen sózderdi jazyp qaldyrdy. Ótkenimizdi oy eleginen ót­kizip, keyingi úrpaqqa nasihattau jolynda Bókey ordasy tarihy múrajay kesheni barynsha júmystanyp keledi. Sóz orayy kelgen song aita ketelik, 1967 jyly qoghamdyq negizde qúrylghan búl mәdeniyet oshaghynyng irgesin azamat soghysy ardageri, Lenin ordendi ústaz Ahmetfayyz Tajiyt­dinov qalasa, odan estafetany qabyldap alghan Sharap Siranov, Temirbolat Mahimov, al qazir Ghaysa Mahimov bastaghan újym parasattylyq pen bayyptylyq jәne kәsiby sheberlik tanytuda. Jekeshelendiru kezinde ózgening menshigine berilgen tarihy ghimarattar satyp alynyp, búrynghy qalpyna keltirilude. Sonyng arqasynda «Bókey ordasynda halyqqa bilim beru», «Túnghysh qazaq kenes baspahanasy», «Tәuelsizdik muzeyi» qatargha qosyldy. Osy júmystardy alda da jalghastyryp, keshen aimaghyn keneytu, ony tarihiy-mәdeny qo­ryqqa ainaldyru bolashaqtyng enshisinde. Ólkemizde turizmdi damytu ýshin jol da, qyruar qarjy da qajet. Songhy qazaq handarynyng izi qalghan búl aimaqtan aty jal­paq júrtqa mәlim túlghalar da kóp shyqqan. Ghalym Múhamed-Salyq Babajanov, kýy atasy Qúrmanghazy men Dәuletkerey, Dina, Seytek, Qali, Túyaqberdi, generaldar Ghúbaydolla Jәngirov, Ramazan Qúrmanghaliyev, Shәkir Jeksenbaev, halyq batyry Isa­tay Taymanov, onyng serigi aqyn Mahambet Ótemisov, memleket qayratkerleri Seyitqaly Men­deshev, Alma Orazbaeva, Serik­qaly Jaqypov, Biysen Jәnekeshev, Kenes Odaghynyng Batyrlary Mәnshýk Mәmetova, Temir Masiyn, Ahmediyar Qú­sayy­nov, Halyq Qaharmany Hiuaz Dospanova, t.b Naryn topy­raghynyng týlekteri. Jasyratyny joq, býgingi kýni týgin tartsa mayy shyqqan Naryn qúmy aumaghyndaghy ekologiyalyq ahual aitarlyqtay mәz emes. Onyng ýstine oblys ortalyghynan 600 shaqyrym shalghay jatqan shekaralyq audanbyz. Reseyding Edil boyy temirjoly audan orta­lyghyn basyp ótkenimen, jolaushylar poyyzynyng eshqay­sysy toqtamaydy. Búl da jer­lesterimizding oryndy renishterin tughyzuda. Qatqyl tabandy jol salynbaghandyqtan, Oralgha baru jýrginshiler ýshin azap. Soghan qaramastan malymyz ósip, sharuamyz jýrip jatyr. Audanda 7 auyldyq okrug, 22 eldi meken bar. Jalpy túrghyndar sany 16361 adam. Jeke jәne zandy túlghalardyng iyeliginde 62594 bas iri qara, 135492 bas qoy men eshki, 19127 jylqy, 1190 týie maly tirkelip otyr. Jyl basynan beri 2932 tonna et, 6948 tonna sýt óndirildi. Sharua qojalyqtaryndaghy mal basy túraqty ósip otyr. Ótken jyl sonynda audanda iri qara malynyng analyghy 30 bastan asatyn 215 sharua qojalyghy tirkelgen bolsa, biyl olardyng sany 234-ke jetti. Otardaghy saulyqtyng sany 600-den asatyn 18, tabyndaghy biyening sany 75 bastan joghary 27 sharua qojalyghy bar. Sonday-aq, 10 asyl túqymdy-jasaqtaushy mal sha­ruashylyqtary tirkelgen. Sonyng ishinde 1-i aiyr órkeshti baktrian týiesin ósirushi, 9-y qazaqtyng aq bas siyryn ósiretin sharuashylyqtar. Audandaghy 837 shaghyn kә­sipkerlik subektilerinde 1486 adam júmys isteydi. Birinshi jarty jylda kәsipkerlik subektileri 1 milliard 520 million 80 myng tengening ónimderin óndirip, budjetke 8 million 532 myng tenge salyq tólemderin týsirdi. Biyl 5 shaghyn seh iske qosylyp (naubayhana, dәnekerleu sehy, 2 plastikalyq tereze men esik óndirisi jәne 1 keramzitblok óndirisi), 11 júmys orny ashyldy. Shaghyn sehtardyng ónim kólemi 29 million 734 myng tengeni qúrap, ótkenmen salystyrghanda 18,9%-gha artty. Audan túrghyndary kәsipkerlikti qoldau baghytyndaghy memlekettik baghdarlamalar ar­qyly tú­raqty týrde nesiyelermen qam­tyluda. Aghymdaghy jyly audan­gha «Júmyspen qamtu» bagh­darlamasy arqyly 30 mln. ten­ge nesie qarjysy bólindi. Bú­ghan qosa audan kәsipkerleri osy baghdarlama boyynsha ótken jyldary bólinip, qaytarylghan qarjy esebinen 19 million 650 myng tenge nesie aldy. Búl qarjylar mal ósiru, túrmystyq qyzmet kórsetu oryndaryn ashu jәne shaghyn óndiris oryndaryn úiymdastyrugha baghyttaluda. Audandaghy ekonomikalyq belsendi túrghyndar sany – 9614 adam. Júmys izdeushi retinde tirkelgender – 481, júmyssyzdyq dengeyi 5%-dy qúrap, ótken jylghy dengeyinde saqtalyp otyr. Biyl 82 adam túraqty jú­mysqa ornalastyryldy, 51 adam әleumettik júmys oryndarymen, 219 adam aqyly qoghamdyq júmyspen qamtyldy. «Júmyspen qamtu-2020»  memle­kettik baghdar­lamasynyng ayasynda Q.Saghyr­baev atyndaghy orta mektepke kýrdeli jóndeu jýrgizilip, onyng júmystaryna Saraljyn auy­lynyng 15 túrghyny tartyldy. 5 jas maman «Jastar tәji­riybesinen» ótkizildi. Bilim beru salasynda 9 orta jәne 10 bastauysh mektep, 1 kәsiptik kolledj, 4 balabaqsha, 10 shaghyn, 4 mektepten tys tәrbie ortalyqtary qyzmet jasaydy. Biylghy oqu jylynda balalardy mektepke deyingi bilim berumen qamtu kórsetkishi 77,5%-dy qúrap, aldynghy oqu jyly dengeyinen 2,3% jogharylady. Osylaysha, Qazaq handyghynyng 550 jyldyghy merekelener tústa halqymyzdyng songhy handarynyng biri Jәngirding de úmyt qalmauy, әkesi Bókey negizin qalap, zamanyna say Jәngir ilgeri damytqan Ishki Bókey ordasynyng astanasy bolghan Han ordasy auylynda dýbirli toy ótkizu sharasy belgilenui de bókeylikter ýshin ýlken mәrtebe. Júrtshylyq osy iygilikti iske óz qoldau-kómekterin kórsetip, belgilengen kópshilik mәdeny sharalardyng oidaghyday ótuine barynsha atsalysyp ta jatyr.

Núrlan RAHYMJANOV,

Bókey ordasy  audanynyng әkimi.

Batys Qazaqstan oblysy,

Bókey ordasy audany.

Abai.kz