(HIH gh. ekinshi jartysy)

Eginshilik - Qazaqstan aumaghynda ómir sýrgen ejelgi taypalardyng mal ósirumen qatar damytqan negizgi kәsibi. Ontýstik Qazaqstan audandarynda, Syrdariya, Shu, Talas, Arys ózenderining boyynda, Qaratau jotasy bauray-larynda tabighy su qoymalary men shabyndyq alqaptary bar jerlerdegi tabighat jaghdaylary búl jerlerde iri-iri eginshilik qonystarynyng payda boluyna sebep boldy.

(HIH gh. ekinshi jartysy)

Eginshilik - Qazaqstan aumaghynda ómir sýrgen ejelgi taypalardyng mal ósirumen qatar damytqan negizgi kәsibi. Ontýstik Qazaqstan audandarynda, Syrdariya, Shu, Talas, Arys ózenderining boyynda, Qaratau jotasy bauray-larynda tabighy su qoymalary men shabyndyq alqaptary bar jerlerdegi tabighat jaghdaylary búl jerlerde iri-iri eginshilik qonystarynyng payda boluyna sebep boldy.

B.d.d. II ghasyrdan b.d. III ghasyrlary ara­synda ómir sýrgen qanly taypalarynyn  Syr­dyng tómengi aghysy boyyndaghy qonystaryna jýrgizilgen zertteu barysynda arheologtar dәn­der men astyq qambalarynyng ornyn tap­qan. Eden sylaghy men qamkesekten saban-topan qaldyqtarynyng bolghandyghy, dәn ýkkishter men astyq saqtaytyn qambalardyng kóp kezdesui, jer óndeytin tas ketpender, sýiekten jasalghan oraqtardyng tabylghandyghy  qanly taypalary arasynda eginshilikting nedәuir damyghandyghyn dәleldeydi.  B.d. alghashqy ghasyrlarynda egindi suaru shekteuli kólemde jýrgizilgen, әdette sudy paydalanugha enbekting eng qarapayym әdisteri  qoldanyldy. Jetiasar mәdeniyetin qú­raytyn Syr boyyndaghy qanly taypalarynyng qonystarynan kóptegen jarma, aryqtar izderi saqtalghan. Su ýlken toghandar arqyly kishi to­ghandargha qúyady jәne qala ishine solar arqyly barghan. Qala ishterinde su qoymalary jasalyp, baqsha suarugha paydalanylghan. Arheologiyalyq eskertkishterdegi eginshilikting izderi Syr bo­yyn­da ertede otyryqshylyq mәdeniyet bolgha­nyn dәleldey týsedi, әri Syr boyynda eginshilikting qalyptasu tarihy terenge sayady deuge bolady.

S.P.Tolstov Syrdyng tómengi aghysy boyyn­daghy ertedegi eginshilik alqaptaryn kelesidey toptargha jikteydi: Janadariya boyynda - Shirik­rabat, Bәbishmola, Bestam, Jend, Qúmqa­la; Quandariya boyynda - Alyb, Rabensay, Jeti­asar; Syrdariya boyynda - Kýiikqala, Kesken­kýiikqala, Jankent/1/.

A.Maksheev 1853 jyly Aqmeshit ekspe­disiyasy kezindegi zertteuleri men 1867 jylghy zertteulerin salystyra otyryp, aralyqta 14 shaqty jyl ishinde ózen sulardyng arnasy tarylyp, kebe bastaghanyna kuә bolghandyghyn jazady. «Syrdyng Qazaly saghasynyng 1853 jyly eni 20 sajyn, terendigi 2 sajyn bolghan, әri su jyldam ótetin, sol jaghynan arnasynan tasyp, ol jerde qalyng qamys ósken edi, 1867 jyly men jәy syrghyp aghyp jatqan su izin taptym, keuip ketken qamystyq ýstinen jol týsken. Babystyng jәne Qaraózek batpaghyn ylghaldandyryp túrghan Birqazan saghasynyng basy - Saghaz bastauy. 1853 jyly Syrdan bastau alatyn saghasynyng eni 20 sajyn, terendigi 1,5 sajyn edi, әri odan ótu óte qiyn bolghan, al qazir (1967 jyldy aityp túr - T.K.) mýldem qúrghap qalghan», -deydi /2/.

N.Qalmaqov Syrdariya oblysynyng soltýs­tik bóligining sulandyru jýiesining ótken tariy­hy jayynda HH ghasyrdyng bas kezinde bir qart kisiden jazyp alghan әngimesin jariyalaghan: «700-800 jyl búryn Syrdariyanyng tútas su jýiesi bolghan. Sol kezde Janaqorghandaghy poshta stansiyasynan bastap Syrdariya eki salagha bólinip, sonyng biri Qyzylqúm arqyly, al ekinshisi Qaratau bókterinen ótetin. Qyzylqúmda, sonday-aq Qaratau bókterinde de qyzghan tirshilik bolatyn. Ózenning qos tarmaghynyng arasy shóleyt edi. Osy qúm arqyly ózen suy ózining jana arnasyn ashyp, bir salagha qosylady. Bir kezde Syrdariyadan ejelgi Bestau qalasyna aryq tartu әreketi jasalghan. Osy aryqtyng izderi búrynghy Tómenaryq poshta stansiyasynda kýni býginge deyin saqtalghan. Ángimeshi bir hannyng jarlyghymen (ol hannyng esimin ataghan joq) Tómenaryqta sansyz júmysshylar enbektengenimen, eshbir nәtiyjege qol jetpegenin aitty. Tómenaryq boyymen su aqpapty. Qazirgi kózqaras túrghysynan alghanda qart adamnyng әngimesi shyndyqqa janasady; rasynda da, Tómenaryq stansiyasynda tereng ýsh aryqtyng izderi bar jәne Shiyeli temir jol stansiyasynyng qarsy jaghyndaghy Qaratau bókterinde ejelgi Bestau qalasynyng qaldyqtary bar. Onyng ýiindileri Shiyeli stan­siyasynan 25 shaqyrym jәne Tómenaryq stan­siyasynan 35-40 shaqyrym shalghaydaghy tau bókterinde jatyr. Al Janaqorghan stansiyasy manynda Syrdariyanyng eki salasynyng izderi joq. Sóitse de Janaqorghannan Perovsk taula­ryna deyingi býkil kenistikke ózenning kópte­gen eski tarmaqtary ejelgi kólderdi qúra­ghan»/3/. N.Qalmaqovqa derek berushi qarttyng «Qy­zylqúmda, sonday-aq Qaratau bókterinde de qyzghan tirshilik bolatyn» deui búl jerler­degi ertedegi eginshilik pen otyryqshylyqty ai­typ otyrghandyghyn angharu qiyn emes.

Syrdariyanyng sol jaq betindegi Betpaq­daladan Janadariya ózenine deyingi alqapta jatqan aryq izderi ertede eginshilikting qar­qyndy damyghandyghynyng dәleli. Perovsk uezi túrghyndary Syrdariya ózenining eki jaq betinde 350 shaqyrymday úzyndyqta orna­lasqan. Perovsk uezining soltýstik-shyghys bóliginde Qara­tau taularynyng bókterinde mәdeny daqyldar ósiru isi nedәuir damyghan, salystyrmaly týrde soltýstik-shyghys bóligin­de Telekól boyynda qystaular kóp orna­las­qan, al sulandyru jý­yesining nashar damuy­na baylanysty egin egil­megen. Syrdariya an­gha­ryndaghy egistik alqaptar ózennen tartylghan bas­ty aryqtar kelip qúyatyn kól sulary arqyly su­lan­dyrylady. Syrdariya suy múz erigen kezden bastap shilde aiynyng sonyna deyin ghana kóterinki bolyp, arnasynan tolyp aqqan. Perovsk uezining ontýstik-shyghys bóligi ózen suynan biyikte ornalasqandyqtan, búl jerde shyghyr keninen paydalanylghan. Soltýstik-shyghysyndaghy tauly ónirde taudan aqqan ózen sularynan tartylghan aryqtarmen sulandyrylady. Su tayaz aqqandyqtan mau­symnyng basyna deyin tau qary erip bitkenge deyin sudy qoldan jasalghan su qoymasyna jinaydy /4/.

Syr boyynda eginshilikting kәsip retinde keninen óris aluy HIH ghasyrdyng orta kezine sayady. «Sankt-Peterburgskie vedomostiy» ba­sy­lymynyng 1865 jylghy №266 sanynda ja­riya­langhan redaksiyalyq maqalada Syrdariya qazaqtarynyng otyryqshylyqqa auysuyna  Perovskide forttyng salynuy әser etken dep kórsetilgen. HIH ghasyrdyng 2-shi jartysynda Qazaqstandaghy eginshilikting damuy qazaq sha­ruashylyghynda onyng aldyndaghy uaqytta bol­ghan ilgeri basushylyqtar arqyly әzirlengen edi. Búl kezende eginshilikting birshama keng óris alghan jeri osy Syrdariya óniri boldy.

HIH ghasyrdyng orta sheninde qazaqtardyng kórshi otyryqshy halyqtarmen jәne orys qonystanushylarymen mәdeni-ekonomikalyq baylanystarynyng kýshengi, qazaq eginshiligining dәrejesi men aumaghyna, kórshilerden agrono­miyalyq tәsilderdi ýirenuine, eginshilik da-qyl­daryn tandauyna, eginshilik ónimderding sharuashylyq jәne basqa maqsattargha oryndy paydalanugha aitarlyqtay әser etti. Mal apa­tyna soqtyratyn indetterdin, júttyng boluy mal shyghynyn arttyra týsti, maly azayghan qazaqtar kóshpelilikten qol ýzip, eginshilikpen ainalysugha mәjbýr boldy.

Halyqtyng eginshilik qajetterin qanaghat­tandyrugha Qazaqstandaghy Syrdariya, Quanda­riya, Janadariya, Arys, Sarysu, Keles, Talas, Shu siyaqty ózenderding suy jetkiliksiz boldy. Sol sebepti halyq ózenderden qúrghaq dalagha aryqtar tartty. Aryq qazugha keyde bir ruly el tolyq kirisken. Ýlken aryqtar qazu isi birneshe jylgha sozylghan.

HIH ghasyrdyng 2-shi jartysynda Qazaly uezinde jergilikti halyq Jankent siyaqty qiraghan qalalar, eski qonystargha aparatyn aryqtardy tazartyp, arshyp, qalpyna kel­tiru júmystaryna kiristi. Isting barysy N.Maevtyn «Turkestanskie vedomosti» gaze­tinde jariyalanghan  «Irrigasionnaya rabota v Kazalinskom uezde» atty maqalasynda bayan­daldy: «Birqazan aryghy Qazalydan 45 shaqyrym jerdegi Syrdariyanyng sol jaghynan tartyldy, úzyndyghy 11 arshyn, Syrdan bastalatyn kózi­ning eni 17 arshyn, bara-bara 14 arshyngha qysqar­dy. Kólemi 50 shaqyrymday aryq Birqazan kóline qúyady. Aryqty tazalau júmysy 1876 jyly bastaldy, 1878 jyly 10000 pút astyq egildi. Baujiyde aryghynyng úzyndyghy 65 arshyn, eni 9 arshyn. Baujiydege paralleli jatqan  úzyndyghy 6 shaqyrym egistikke tary egildi. Búl eki aryq 2500 pút dәndi daqyl  egiletin jerdi suarugha mýmkindik beredi. Ergerek aryghynyng qúrylysyna 1878 jyly 4000 adam, 1879 jyly 2000 adam tartyldy. 1878 jyly Ergerek alqabyna 3 myng pút әrtýrli astyq túqymy egilip, 1879 jyly 5000 pút astyq egildi. Jankent shaharyna aparatyn úzyndyghy 30 shaqyrym, eni 9 arshyn bolatyn aryq ashylyp, 5000 pút dәn sebilgen egistikti suardy» /5/.

Osynday eski aryqtardy qalpyna keltirip, ashyp, su jýrgizu isi Jólek eldi mekeninde de qolgha alynghan. Búl bastama A.Dyatkovtyn «Kirgizskie nujdy» atty maqalasynda qol­dau tapty. Maqalada Ózek, Kókkerim, Tómen­aryq aryqtary men Shiyeli kanalynyng qayta qalpyna keltirilgendigi jәne Jólek bolysty­ghyndaghy egistik alqaptaryndaghy sulandyru sharalarynyng nәtiyjeleri aityldy /6/. Osy maqalada Syr óniri qazaqtarynyng qalay oty­ryqshylanyp jatqandyghy, Sorqúdyqtan Shiye­lige deyingi 40 desyatina, Perovsk uezindegi qazaqtardyng 10 desyatina jerlerdi óndep, egistik alqapqa ainaldyrghandyghy bayandalady.

Aryqtardy qoldan qazu, eski aryqtardy qalpyna keltiru isi HH ghasyrdyng bas kezinde de jalghasty. «Syrdariinskiy bassein y ego bu­dushee znacheniye» atty maqalada Jamandariya men Qaraózek aralyghyndaghy 80 shaqyrym jer­ge sozylyp jatqan jerdi Jamandariyadan tar­tylatyn Ketpensu, Qaraaryq, Birqazan, Bes­arna aryqtary jәne Aqjýrekten Qazalynyng batysyna deyingi aralyqtardaghy jerlerdi iyge­ru mәselesi kóterildi jәne kәriz, bógetter, kópir­ler salu kerektigi de aityldy /7/.

Syr ónirindegi eginshilikting qalyptasuy jayynda A.Maksheevting «Opisanie nizoviev Syr-dariiy» enbeginde: «Syrdariya qazaqtary  eginshiler men kóshpelilerge  bólinedi. ... Eginshi­lik qúraldary qarapayym, aghash jәne temir soqa jer jyrtady. Egindi oraqpen, qolmen jinaydy. Jylqy, ógiz kómegimen tas diyirmende dәn tazartylady. Perovsk forty men Jólek aralyghynda su jәne tas diyirmender kezdesedi. ... Syr ózenining tómengi aghysy boyynda arpa, súly, tary, qyzyl jýgeri, aq jýgeri jәne qauyn, qarbyz ósiriledi», - dey otyryp, Syrdyng tómengi boyynda 2 mynday eginshi shanyraghy baryn kórsetedi /8/.

Syrdariyanyng Qaraózek saghasy boyy eginshi­likti damytugha asa qolaysyz bolsa da, suar­maly eginshilik ýshin Qaraózekten tartylghan aryqtar manyzdy ról atqardy. Aryq qazu isi asa jauapkershilikti talap etken. Aryq qazu kezin­de adamdardy júmyldyru,  úiymdastyru, olar­dy basqaru  ýshin - aqsaqal, sudy paydalanugha basshylyq jasaytyn - múrap, aryq qúrylysy men tehnikasyn qadaghalaytyn - shabaqshy say­landy. Aryq qúrylysy ayaqtalghannan keyin kóbine aryq qazu isin basqarghan aqsaqal  atymen atalyp ketetin.

Eginshilik alqaptardy suarugha Quandariya, Janadariya siyaqty tabighy su kózderi jәne suarmaly tehnikalar paydalanyldy. Suarmaly eginshilikti jýzege asyrudyng eng tiyimdi joly shyghyr qondyru boldy. Su kóteretin qúmyralar qondyrylghan aghash dóngelek, eki tisti qon­dyrghynyng kómegimen, ógiz nemese týiening kó­megimen ainaldyryldy. Syr boyynda eng qa­rapayym jasalghan shyghyrdyng qúny 30 somdy qúraghan eken /9/.

Syr qazaqtary tary eguge erekshe mәn ber­gen. Tary ónimdi jaqsy bergen, әri asa erekshe kýtimdi qajet etpeytin ónim. Jazda jeti retke de­yin suarghan, ónimning ósui 80 kýnge sozylghan. Arpa men biday ósiru isi HIH ghasyrdyng ekinshi jarty­synan bastap, búrynghygha qaraghanda  qar­qyn­day bastady. Oghan orys qonystanushylary­nyng da kelui әser etti. Arpa men bidaydyng pisip, ónim berui 100 kýnge sozylghan.

Orys әskery statistarynyng zertteui bo­yynsha, 1860 jyldary Syr boyynyng 3000 desyatin jerinde egin salynyp, odan 200000 púttay ónim jinalghan. Búl kezderi Syr boyyn­daghy eginshilikting basty alqaptary Quandariya­nyng tómengi aghysynda, № 1-shi fort manyndaghy Aqiyrek, Qamystybas kólderi boyynda, Perovsk forty manyndaghy Syrdariyanyng eki jaq beti­nen Jólekke deyingi aralyqta boldy. Perovsk forty manynda Baujiyde, Birqazan, Jana­aryq, Keltearyq, Tasaryq, Opqandy, Jelban, Qaralan, Úzynaryq, Músylman aryqtarynyng boyynda, Birqazan men Besarna saghalarynyng aralyghyndaghy Qan sayynda, Batpaqótkel boyynda, Qarakól, Birqazan, Sarykól, Ashykól angharynda eginshilik atyzdary boldy.

1860 jyly injener-kapitan Starkovtyng mәlimeti boyynsha, jalpy Syr boyynda 10295 eginshi otbasy bolghan, 20600 desyatina jerge 82400 pút egin salynyp, odan 2 163 000 pút ónim alghan. Tek №1-shi fort manyndaghy Aqiyrek alqa­bynda 800 desyatina egin atyzy bolghan /10/. Al, әskery kenesshi Osmolovskiyding esepteui boyyn­sha, Perovsk fortynan №2-shi fort araly­ghyn­da 1857 jyly - 2472, 1858 jyly - 3324, 1859 jyly - 5228, 1860 jyly - 4000 otbasy egin salghan.  Osmolovskiyding kómekshisi, starshina Karamyshevtin esepteuinshe №1-shi fort ónirinde 1858 jyly - 7650, 1859-da - 6872, 1860-ta - 4350 shanyraq egin salghan. Búl eki әskery infor­manttyng mәlimetinen bayqaghanymyz - 1860 jyly egin ekken qazaqtar sanynyng azangy. Búl sol jyldardaghy qúrghaqshylyq pen shegirtkening qaptauynan eginning shyqpauymen baylanysty. 1860 jyly Syrdariya boyynda orta eseppen jalpy sany 8000 eginshi shanyraghy bolsa, 1861 jyly olardyn  sany 6500-ge qysqarghan. 1862 jyly egin salugha tabighattyng qolayly boluyna baylanysty egin salushylardyng sany ósip, Perovsk forty ónirinde - 4051, №1-shi fort manynda - 4022, barlyghy - 8073 eginshi shanyraghy bolghan. 1862 jyly 35215 desyatina jerge - tary, 1209 desyatina jerge - arpa, 569 desyatina jerge - biday, 282 desyatina jerge - qara biday egilgen /11/. Qara bidaydy jergilikti qazaqtar «arys» degen.

1863 jylghy әskery mәlimetti negizge alsaq, Perovsk uezinde - 4215 eginshi otbasy bolyp, 18520 desyatina jerge - tary, 7400 desyatina jerge - arpa, 632 desyatina jerge - biday, bar­lyghy - 26 552 desyatina jerge egin egilgen. Al, № 1-shi fort ónirinde 5975 desyatina jerge - tary, 1823 desyatina jerge - arpa, 688 desyatina jerge - biday, 292 desyatina jerge - arysh, bar­lyghy - 8778 desyatina jerge egin salyndy. №1-shi fort egistikterinen 5975 pút tarydan - 100390 pút ónim, 12762 pút arpadan - 70749 pút ónim, 4820 pút bidaydan - 28 222 pút ónim, 1090 pút qara bidaydan - 11 659 pút ónim jinalghan /12/.

Syr boyynyng qazaqtary qauyn, qarbyz ósiretindigi jayly mәlimet te әskery sta­tistikalyq kitaptan tabylady. 1863 jyly Perovsk ónirinde bau-baqsha óndirisi shamamen 500 desyatinaday jerdi alghan /13/. Týrkistan statistikalyq komiyteti jinaqtaghan mәlimetke 1870 jyly Perovsk uezinen barlyghy 6947 qazaq shanyraghy eginshilikti, al 20 018 shanyraq kóshpeli mal sharuashylyghyn  kәsip etken /14/.

V.V.Radlov A. Maksheev deregine sýiene oty­ryp,  Qazaly uezinde 4000 shanyraq, Perovsk ue­zi­nen 6000 shanyraq eginshilikpen ainalysady degen /15/.  Búl jerde V.V.Radlov 1860 jyldar­dy negizge alyp otyr. «Turkestansev» degen avtordyng «Zemledelie v Syrdarinskoy oblas­tiy» atty maqalasynda 1910 jylghy mәlimetti ne­gizge ala otyryp, «Perovsk uezinde - 3 173,4 myng pút, jan basyna shaqqanda - 17,7 púttan, Qa­zaly uezinde 3 161,9 pút astyq jinalghan, jan basyna 17,3 púttan keledi» degen /16/.

1910 jyly Qazaly uezinde jýrgizilgen auyl sharuashylyghy sanaghy boyynsha Qazaly­da­ghy 24223 qazaq sharuashylyghynyng 12088-i, yagh­ny 50%-y /17/, al, Perovsk uezi túrghyndarynyng 80%-y egin saludy qosalqy kәsip etken / 18/.

Perovsk uezinde jergilikti halyq Syrdariya ózeni arnasynyng tasityn uaqytyn egin eguge tiyimdi paydalana bildi. G.Zagryajskiyding Pe­rovsk uezi qarttarynan jazyp alghan mәlimeti boyyn­sha, su tasqyny uaqytyna qaray egin uaqy­ty 7 kezenge bólingen: sәuir tasu - 25 nauryzdan sәuirding basyna deyin, arpa men biday sebiletin uaqyt; gýl shaldyq - mamyrdyng basynan 7 kýnge sozylady, biday, arpa, jonyshqagha su jiberiledi; gýl uaqyt - aghash gýldeytin uaqyt, mamyrdyng orta kezinen 15 kýnge sozylady, biday, arpa, baqsha jәne jonyshqalyqty suarady; taylaq tasu - 5 jәne 10 mausym aralyghynda, sudyng qatty jyldamdyqpen tasityn uaqyty, 10 kýnge sozylady, tary egiletin uaqyt; shúlghau tasu - shildening ayaq kezinen tamyzdyng basyna deyin, astyq jinaugha qolayly uaqyt; qaraqúiryq tasu - tamyzdyng 5-nen 5 kýnge sozylady, qaraqamystyng gýldeytin uaqyty; sýmbile tasu - tamyzdyng sony, jonyshqa sugharugha paydalanylady /19/. Qazaqtyng dәs­týrli etnografiyasyn naqtylaugha derek berer informanttardyng qatary azaya týsken qazirgi uaqytta bayyrghy qazaqtardyng ortasynda bolyp jazylghan osynday maqalalardyng qúndylyghy, ghylymy tanymdylyghy arta týsetini anyq.

Egin sharuashylyghyna baylanysty ózindik dәstýr, yrymdar da qalyptasqan. Á.Divaev 1884 jyldary Syr boyyn aralaghan saparynda Pe­rovsk uezining qazaghy Maqan Shyqtybaevtan kópte­gen yrymdardy jazyp alyp, 1895 jyly «Sbor­nik materialov dlya statistiky Syr-Dariiyn­skoy oblasti» jinaghynda jәne «Turkestan­skiy sborniyk» jinaghynyng 567-tomynda bas­tyr­ghan. Solardyng qatarynda eginshilikke qatysty kelesidey mәlimet bar:  «Alladan jauyn tileu, jer kógertu ýshin tasattyq beriledi. Egin egip jatqan diqangha ótip bara jatqan jýrginshi «bir dәning myng dәn bersin», - dep amandasady. Eger diqannan bireu-mireu egistik ýshin dәn súrasa, ol mýmkindigine qaray súraushygha beredi. Diqan óz qyrmanynyng astyghyn alyp, paydala­nugha kiriserde «Diqan atanyn» atyna baghysh­tap, qúrannan ayat oqidy. Sodan song alghashqy ól­shem qayyr-sadaqagha, «aqqúlagha» bólinedi. Búl mindetti týrde keshkisin ottyng jaryghy­men jasalady, kýndiz jasalmaydy» /20/. Búl yrymdardyng barlyghy astyq mol bolsyn degen maqsatta jasalady.

Qoryta aitqanda, HIH ghasyrda Syr­dariyanyng tómengi aghysy boyyndaghy ertedegi su jelisi, aryqtardyng izderi, qala-qonystarda saqtalghan astyq qoymalary men úralardyn  izderi búl ónirde ertede eginshilikting damyghanyn dәleldeydi. Monghol shapqynshylyghy kezinde Syr boyyndaghy ejelgi qalalardyng qirauy, qala túrghyndarynyng eginshilik kәsibin de qúldyratqan; keyingi orta ghasyrlardan bastap eginshilik qayta jandanyp, Perovsk jәne Qaza­ly uezderinde eginshilik mal sharuashylyghy­men qatar damyghan kәsip boldy; eginshilikpen kóbine jazda jaylaugha kóshpey qalghan maly az auyldar ghana ainalysty jәne biz zerttep otyrghan kezende eginshilikke qaraghanda mal sharuashylyghy basym boldy.

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