Taypanyng (rudyn) atauy mifologiyalyq ata, ya tarihy túlghagha ainalmauy qajet
Álkey Marghúlan atamyz 1969-shy jyly «Bilim jәne Enbek» jurnalyna jariyalaghan maqalasynda shejire jóninde aitqanda: «Teginde ghylymgha jýgingen jón» degen eken. Qazirgi tandaghy shejire aitqandardyng qaysysy bolsa da: «Jalayyr ata bolghan», «Nayman shal jar tóseginde ókirgen» dep taypanyng atauyn ghana bildirip túrghan mifologiyalyq atalaryn tarihy túlgha sanaydy. Bizding әkemiz marqúm shejireni zerdeli týrde oisha bilgen adam edi. Álkey Marghúlannyng aitqanyn bek ústanghan shejireshi Nayman shejiresining alghy sózinde bylay dep jazghan eken: «1204 jyly Naymannnyng hany Tayanhan óledi. Kýlshik han mangholdar soghysynda qashady. Mangholdar naymandardy baghyndyrady. Birtalay nayman ata-mekenin tastap Alakól, Balhash, Jetisu, Esil, Syrdariya, Úlytaugha kóshedi. Naymannan Saryjomart (Ergenekti nayman), Teristanbaly (Elata), Tólegetay ýsh ru taraydy».
Yaghni, búl jerde Nayman shejiresining basynda Nayman elining tarihy aitylyp túr. Al endi, «Toghyz tanbaly Nayman» shejiresin qaghazgha týsirip ketken Boshay Kitapbaev marqúm bolsa, Nayman handaryn auzyna da almay: «Nayman shal shamamen osydan 500 jyl búryn ómir sýrgen» dep ketken edi. Áriyne, búnday tújyrym tek qana qaranghylyqtan bolghan. Mine, osydan keyin osy ýsh rudyng taratyluylarynyng birneshe núsqasy ketedi. Klassikalyq núsqasy boyynsha Ókireshten Belgibay, odan Sýgirshi, odan Tólegetay. Tólegetaydan Qarakerey, Tórtuyl, Sadyr Matay. Eshqanday da Qytay joq. Birinshi әielinen Qarakerey, Matay, ekinshiden Tórtuyl, ýshinshiden Sadyr. Jogharghy Sýgirshi Belgibaydyng ekinshi qatyny Toqsúludan tuady eken-mys. Keybir núsqada Sýgirshi men Sýiinshini eki adam dep aitady. Anyghynda búl bir adamnyng eki atauy. Mәselen, Tólegetaydy Tóle qytay, Tólek atay dep әrtýrli aitatyndary siyaqty. Ángimemizdi Belgibaydyng әkesi degen Ókireshten bastalyq.
Negizinde zertteu enbegi retinde bizding Nayman shejiresine qatysty eki kitabimiz jaryq kórgen son, jәne de, Naymannyng shyqqan tegi gazet betterinde, ghalamtor sayttarynda aitylghan son, biz zertteu maqalalaryn bayandau barysynda atap otyramyz. Sondyqtan da, shejirtanushy retinde biz mifologiyadaghy jasyryn maghynany birden aitatyn bolamyz. Mәselen, shejirening basyndaghy Ókiresh degenimiz eshqanday da tarihy túlgha emes, dala auyz tarihynyng derek beruindegi shejirelik tәsilge say aitylghan, naymandardyng týbining tarihy derekterde aitylghanday aqsary ariylik bet-әlpetti, jasyl-súr kózdi, Turdy, yaghni, búqany tótem kórgen, kóshpendi ariylerge jatatyn Turandyqtardyng úrpaqtary ekenderin bildiretin simvoldyq túlgha. Nayman atauyn alghangha deyin olardyng atauy Sir (seiyr) bolghan. Saqau qytaylar Se dep tanbalaghan olar qiyat-qypshaqtar edi. Sonda, Ókiresh degenimiz Kamal Abdrahman aghamyz aitqanday «kishi búqa», yaghni, búqatekti tóre (tur) әuletining úrpaghy degendi bildirip túr. Shejiredegi tóre-nayman degenimiz tarihy derektegi Ókiresh-nayman bolady. Búl sóz parsynyng «ukar», yaghny iri qara degeninen bolghan. Ókiresh jónindegi zertteuler «Nayman handary jәne Shynghys han» atty ghalamtordaghy maqalamyzda aitylghan. Sondyqtan da, biz búl jerde tek qana Ókiresh shal degenning kim ekenin aita ketelik.
Ókiresh atauynyng da, Shal atauynyng da tóre, hanzada degendi bildiretinin barlyq shejiretanushylar jaqsy biledi. Al endi, Ózbek jerinde molasy qalghan Ókiresh shal Belgibaydyng әkesi degen Ókiresh emes. Tarihy derekterde naymanda Ókiresh ataghy bar ýsh adam kezdesedi. Olar: Sary osman Ókiresh nayman (Saryjomart), Ábubәkir Ókiresh nayman, Jýsip qoja Ókiresh nayman. Búl ýsheui de rubasylar, 15-shi ghasyrdaghy nayman elining ruhani, diny kósemderi bolghan. («Tarihy Abulhair haniy»). Naymandar Kerey men Jәnibek súltandardy ertip matay Qaptaghay batyrmen birge týgeldey Qazaq handyghyna ketkende, Ózbekterde tek qana Ábubekr Ókiresh nayman ghana qalghan. Mine, osy Ábubekir qartayghan shaghynda Ókiresh shal atanyp ózbek jaqta dýnie salghan. Búl tarihy derektegi tarihy túlgha. Meninshe, búl Ókiresh shal atanghan Ábubekr nayman Sadyr ruynyng rubasysy bolsa kerek. Jonghar shapqynshylyghy kezinde Sadyrlar Ándijangha ózderining sonda qalghan rulastary jaqqa ketip qalady. Osy jóninde shejirede: «1723-shi jyly Aqtaban shúbyryndyda 15 myng Sadyr auyp Andijangha baryp ózbek bolyp ketipti. Qalghan 10 mynyn Tasbolat batyr bastap aughaly otyrghanda Búqar jyrau toqtatypty» dep aitylady.
Al endi, nayman shejiresining basyndaghy Ókiresh shal bolsa, jogharyda aitylghanday, dala auyz tarihynyng derek beruindegi shejirelik tәsilge say aitylghan, búl elding ejelgi búqatekti Siyr-qypshaqtar ekenderin bildirip túrghan simoldyq túlgha bolady. Kezinde orys zertteushisi Potanin naymandardyng bir bóligining sol zamandarda ózderin búqanyng úrpaqtary ekenderin aitatyndaryn jazghan edi. Osynyng dәleli retinde qazirgi qypshaqtardyng shejiresinde Mýiizdiden tarap túrghandaryn aitamyz. Mýiizdining Ókiresh ekeni týsinikti.
Ókireshting úly Belgibay degenimiz shejirede «Naymannan qalghan belgi» dep aitylghan, anyghynda qiyat-qypshaq handarynan qalghan belgi retinde aitylghan simvoldyq túlgha. Nayman eli eshqanday da Belgibaydan taraghan emes. «Qúpiya shejiredegi» qiyat-qypshaq Dombauyl mergen ólgen son, onyng artynda Belgimtay men Bógentay degen úldary qalady. Búl shamamen 7-8 ghasyrlargha keledi. Yaghni, Nayman handyghynyng kezeni. Búlardyng úrpaqtary qytay derekterinde belgunut, bogenut dep jazylyp qalghan. Belgibay degenimiz osy belgunut bolady. Belgunut degenimiz «belgi әuleti» degendi bildiredi. Demek, naymandardyng shyqqan tegi Belgi әuleti. Sondyqtan da shejirede «belgi» sózi Belgibaydan jeke aitylghan. Qiyat degenimizding bastapqy núsqasy Qiyan - keyanian bolsa (pars. keyaniyd), keyingi Qiyat - Kay+ut – mifologiyalyq patshalyq Kay әuleti degen maghyna beredi. (ut – ot, oshaq, әulet). Alay da, orys zertteushileri Fomenko men Nosovskiyler: «Kay әuletining barlyq patshalary tarihy túlghalar bolghanda, búl әulet nelikten mifologiyalyq atanghan?» dep zandy súraq qoyady. Sondyqtan, basqa da orys zertteushileri búl әuletti «poloulegendarnaya dinastiya» deydi. Búl әuletting eng birinshi patshasy Key Kubad arghyqazaq mifologiyasynda Keyquat atanyp jýr. Jaqsylyq Sәbitov Kay әuletin mangholdiki dep Rashiydenning aitqany boyynsha qatelesedi. Mangholdyng Kay әuletine qatysy joq, óitkeni, shejiresinde aitylghanday qiyat-bórjigin әuletining atasy Bodanjar, yaghniy, Bótensary, ne bolmasa Budanjar Dombauyl mergen ólgennen keyin belgisiz adamnan tughan. Ol belgisiz adam shejirede bayauyt-maghaldyq (maalliyh) atanghan son, osynyng atynan maghal, maghol atauy payda bolghan. «Qúpiya shejiredegi» «hamag maghol» degenimiz әlgi belgisizden taraghan tek qana qiyat-bórjigin tarmaghy bolady. Ózining týbining kim ekenin jaqsy bilgen Shynghys han ózi qúrghan imperiyagha naqty tegining múghal atauyn bergen. Osy múnal-múghalymyzdy orystar manghol atap ketken edi. Shynghys han magholdary men qazirgi mangholdardyng bir-birine esh qatysy joq. Qazirgilerge búrynghylardyng atauy ghana kóshken.
Filologiya ghylymdarynyng doktory Túrsyn Júrtbay Týrik qaghanattaryndaghy Tanakókti Tonykók nayman degen eken. Alay da, eshbir dәlelin keltire almaghan. Qarlyqtardyng Sabek taypasynan bolghan Tanakók qalaysha nayman bolmaq? Al endi, onyng Siyr-qypshaq boluy, esimining siyrgha qatysty Tanakók boluy әbden mýmkin. Óitkeni, onyng qúlpytasyndaghy tanbasy teng qabyrghaly ýshbúrysh – qasiyetti qara búqanyn, yaghni, Ókireshting tanbasy. Ózbekterde qalghan Ókiresh shaldyng qúlpytasyna naymandar búl tanbany keyin qoyghan bolsa kerek. Alay da, búl tanbanyng maghynasyn bildi me eken? Nadandar «túmar» atap ketken búl tanba mifologiyalyq qara búqanyng mandayyndaghy ýshbúryshty aqtanlaqty bildiredi. Búryshy joghary qarap túrsa «úly mәrtebeli» degendi bildiredi de, tómen qarap túrsa «qasiyetti siyr ananyng balasy», yaghni, Ókiresh degendi bildiredi. Ókiresh shaldyng qúlpytasynda ýshbúryshtyng búryshyn naymandardyn joghary qaratyp qoyghandaryna qaraghanda búl adamnyng nayman atasy emes, kezindegi lauazymdy tóre, hanzada, tarihy túlgha bolghanyn bildirip túr. Sonymen qatar búl ýshbúrysh tanbany Egiypettegi piramidagha úqsatqandaryna qaraghanda, Ókireshting bastapqy núsqasy - Egiypettik qasiyetti qara búqany bilgenderinen bolsa kerek. Búl ýshbúrysh tanbanyng arghyqazaq mifologiyasynda әrtýrli atalyp jýrgenin Oshaqty men Shapyrapshtynyng tanbalarynyng atauynan da biluge bolady. Shapyrashtylar túmar ataghan búl tanba parsy tilindegi chapraz atty týimege úqsas bolghandyghynan ejelde taypa chaprazly atanghan. Al endi, Oshaqtylardyng tanbasy «oshaq» - qazannyng astyndaghy oshaqqa qoyatyn, teng qabyrghaly ýshbúryshty qúraytyn ýsh tirekti bildirgen son, osylay atalghan. Alay da, búl tanbasy da bilmestikten túmar atalady.
Belgibaydan Sýgirshi degenderindegi Sýgirshini Sýgirshe degen núsqa da bar. Dúrysy osy bolar, óitkeni, Sýgir degenimiz tarihta aty qalghan qypshaq handar әuletining eng jarqyn beynelerining biri, qasqyrsha úlyy alghan, orystardyng zәresin alghan qypshaq Bonyak hannyng nemeresi bolady. Sonda shejiredegi Sýgirshe degenimiz – qypshaq handar әuletining úrpaghy degen maghyna berip túr. (kishi Sýgir). Sýgir hanzadanyng әkesining aty orys derekterinde Oseni dep atalady. Meninshe, búnyng atyn keyanid Key Osedenige qatysty qoyghan. Key Usan dep te aitylady. Al endi, Tanakókting shyqqan tegin Ashide әuleti deytinder de bar. Búl Ashide әuletining atauy jóninde tarihta: «ertedegi bir qaghannyng atauy» dep qana aitylady. Ashide men Osedeni ataularynyn úiqas ekeni bilinip túr. Qazaq ghalymy Yu. Zuevting zertteulerinde Ashide әuletining tanbasy - tórt jýzdi taraq tanba, Yuechjiy-Kushan patshalyghynyng altyn tengesindegi patshanyng tanbasymen bir. Jәne de búl altyn tengelerde qúiryghy kesilgen búqa men Kay әuleti patshalarynyng «noqta» tanbalary beynelengen. Osydan bizder búl «ertedegi qaghannyn» kim ekenin boljay alamyz. Kushan degenning - hushe, hushiyang, yaghni, qytay derekterinde osylaysha tanbalanghan qypshaq ekeni aityldy. Áriyne, búl jerde Tólegetaydy tarihy túlgha Sýgir hanzadanyng úrpaghy degen әngime joq. Sýgir de, Oseni de nayman handarynyng túsynda ómir sýrgen túlghalar. Meninshe, shejireni qúrastyrghandar búl әuletting tuys ekenderin jaqsy bilgenderinen osy tarihy túlghalardyng atymen nayman shejiresin bastaghan bolsa kerek. Sýgirding eki maghynasy bar. Birinshisi – qylysh tasushy, ekinshisi – kóne týrik tilindegi sukur, yaghni, habar degendi bildiredi.
Nayman shejiresinde Sýgir aty qarakereydegi Aqnaymandarda da kezdesedi. Shejire derekterinde jaghalbayly Sýgir batyrdyng Aqnaymandaghy Aytoly degen qyzdy alyp, keyin, elimdi bilip kelemin dep joghalyp ketkeni aitylady. Múhtar Áuezov boljaghanday, búlardyng tarihyn Qyz Jibekting tarihy degenimnen kóre almaghandar qylqynyp qaldy. Qoldarynda eshbir týpnúsqa shejiresi joq, anau aitty, mynau aitty dep, Shektini taratyp kettti. Búlar shabylsa da, Shektiden de, Jaghalbaylydan da Qyz Jibek pen Tólegenning úrpaqtaryn taba almaydy. Men tabylsa eken dep maqalamdy jariya etken edim. Tabylghan jaghdayda, Aqnaymanda Sýgirden qalghan jeti úldyn, naymangha kelip jasyrynghan tarihy túlgha Sýgir hanzadadan qalghan dep aitarymyz haq. Bizde qalghan Sýgirding bir úly Bayjan myrza atanghan. Al endi, shejiredegi myrza degen sózding etimologiyasy – әmirshining úly degendi bildiredi. Qazaq arasyndaghy jomart adamgha qatysy joq. Jomartty myrza degenderi «proletarlyq» úghym.
Tólegetaydyng shejirelik esimi Tóle bolghan. Ghúlam Qadyr atanghan bayjigitting ghúlama shejireshisi Tólening úrpaqtaryn Qytaysyz taratqan eken. Ózbek handyghy kezinde naymandarmen birge kóship-qonyp jýrgen kidandardyng Hitay taypasy bolghan. Shejire anyzdary Tólening kezindegi naymannyng aqyrghy hany Kýshlikting shópshegi ekenin aitady. Kýshlikting qara qytayda qalghan jesiri Kýnekeyden taraghan deydi. Tólening babasyn qara qytaylar Shynghys hannan jasyryp alyp qalghan desedi. Osylardyng arasynan kelgen Tóleni Tóle qytay (hitay) atap ketken eken. Bara-bara búl esim Tólegetaygha ainalghan. Al endi, onyng Tólek atay degen atauy eshbir shejirede aitylmaydy. Búl atau keyingilerding sandyraghynan bolghan dese bolady.
«Alash» tarihiy-zertteu ortalyghynyng ghalymdarynyng aitularynsha Kýshlikting eki úly men bir qyzyn Shynghys han tәrbiyeleuge alyp ketedi. Bir úldyng aty Batan, ekinshisiniki Jaushy bolghan. Tektilerden qalghan shejire dereginde Tólegetaydyng qayyn atasy Qylyshty pir atanyp túrghan son, biz búl kisining atyn basqa shejiredegi siyaqty «qoja» atamaymyz. Pir degenimiz sol zamanda sopylyq ordanyng (orden) basshysyn bildirgen. Keybir núsqalarda aitylghanday, Tólegetaydyng jetim qalyp Qylyshty pirge kelip pana tapqany, núsqalardyn eng dúrysy bolmaq. Atam qazaq: «Jaqsy adamgha bir kisilik oryn әrqashanda tabylady» degen ghoy. Qylyshty pir, yaghni, bir elding ruhani, diny kósemi tekti, layyqty adamdy kezdestirse keudesinen iytermesi anyq. Tipti, qojalardyng saltyn búzyp qojalar әuletinen shyqpaghan Tólege qyzyn bergen. Tólegetay da ózining han babalary siyaqty bolashaqty boljay alatyn, boyyna Qydyr daryghan әulie adam bolghan. Sondyqtan da tarihy derekte ol «tungachuk Tole», yaghni, abyz-әulie Tóle dep aitylghan. Negizinde búl tungachuk atauynyng eki týrli aityluy bar. Alshashqysy «tun gechek» - baqsylardyng piri, abyz, әulie ata degendi bildirse, ekinshisi túngha chik – hannan basqagha baghynbaytyn, eng jogharghy qarauyl-jasaqtyng erkin qolbasshysy degendi bildiredi. Tólegetaydyng qolbasshy da bolghany jóninde beker aitylmaghan bolsa kerek. Tólegetay – 16 jasar shibandyq Ábilqayyr súltandy han kótergen nayman elining sol zamandaghy toghyz kósemderining biri edi. Ghalymdar, atap aitamyz ghalymdar Tólegetaydyng 15-shi ghasyrda, yaghni, osy kezende ómir sýrgenin aityp otyr.
Tólegetay Syr boyynda jetilip jýrip, Islam dinine berilip Mekkege barar jolda Qylyshty pirge kelip batasyn súraydy. Sonda Qylyshty pir ony ózining qasynda alyp qalady da, boyyndaghy qasiyetin, tegin bilgen song qyzyn beredi. Osydan keyin Tólegetay baba ýlken sopy da bolyp qoja atanady. Tarihy derektegi «Tóle qoja» degenderi osyny bildirip túr. Ertedegi tekti adamdar, biyler, pirler tektilerding úrpaqtaryn jaqsy bilip otyrghan. Mәselen, Kókbaydyng aitqanynda Tóle by jasyryn jýrgen Sabalaqty bir kórgende onyng jýris-túrysynan, әdet-ghúrpynan, sóz saptauynan, jasyl-súr kózdi bet-әlpetinen tóre ekenin birden tanyp qoyghan eken. Jogharyda aitylghan Qylyshty pir ózining qyzyn Tólege bergeninde onyng ainalasy: «Qyzyndy búl jetim jetesizge nege berdin?» dep súraghanynda pir ata: «Búl bala naghyz tektining tektisi, Shynghys hanmen kóp soghysqan Kýshlik hannyng shópshegi» degen eken. Aytushy, bayjigit Dәuletbay batyrdyng egizi Esengeldi atanyng úrpaghy, shejireshi bolghan Mәlik Múqashúly marqúm.
Bir ótirikshi qoja 1230-shi jyly tughan Burhan ad-Din Qylysh әuliyeni Tólegataydyng qayyn atasy degen eken. Tólegetay 1428-shi jyldary han saylauyna qatysqanda Burhan ad-Dinning sýiegi shirip qalghan edi. Qylyshty pir qylyshty qojanyng atasy degen Qylyshty ata emes. Diuana qojalardaghy bәijigitke singen qojandarmen birge jýrgen qylysh tarmaghynan da emes. Horasan ata atanghan Abd-ali Jalil babtyng úrpaqtary sanalatyn Qorasan qojalardaghy Qylyshty pir bolady. Búl Qorasan qojalar arghy týbinde Haziret Áli men Fatima anamyzdyng úly Qúsayynnan tughan, 710-712 jyldary dýnie salghan Zayn ali-Abidinning úrpaqtary bolady. Al endi, Haziret Áli men Fatima anamyzdan tarady degen Seyit qojalardyng anyghynda arab jaulaushylarynyng úrpaqtary ekenderin talay zertteushiler, shejiretanushylar aitqan edi. (Erofeeva, Muminov). Qazaq jerindegi Seyit qojalar ózderin sayidtarmyz dep jalghan aitqan deydi. Mәselen, qytay derekteri Shynghys hannyng qasynda Seyit qojamyn dep jýrgen Japar qojanyng tegining úighyr bolghanyn aitady. («Men-da Bey-lu»).
Bayjigitting әkesi degen Toqtar qoja da osy Qorasan qojalardyng ataghyn alghan eken. Shayban hannyng Horasan Shaybek degen ataghy bolghan son, Qorasan qoja degendi osy Horasan Shaybekke japsyrghan bayjigitterding shejireleri: «Atamyz Toqtar qoja Saybek hannan» dep laqab aitqan. Osy ghalamtordaghy «Bayjigit Shynghys hannyng úrpaghy ma?» degen maqalamyzda Toqtarqojanyng da, Qabanbaydyng da, eshqanday da sart, tóre emes, aq qypshaq-nayman ekenderi dәlelimen aitylghan.
Al endi, qojalardy payghambarymyz Múhammed s.gh.s. - nan taratyp jýrgender naghyz suayt, maqtanshaq, Kamal Abdrahman aghamyz aitqanday «ótirikshiler» bolady. Búlar ózderining naqty tegin bilmegendi qoyyp, Islam dinin nasihattaushylar retinde tipti, Islamdy da, Qúran kәrimde aitylghan Allahtyng sózin de bilmeytinder. Qamal Abdrahman aghamyz búlardyng esine salghan Qúran kәrimning «Ahzap» sýresinde: «Múhammed (gh.s) senderden eshbir erkekting әkesi emes. Biraq Allanyng elshisi, payghambarlardyng sony. Alla әr nәrseni tolyq bilushi. Áy mýminder! Allany óte kóp zikir etinder. Ony erteli-kesh pәktender. Ol sonday Alla, senderdi qaranghylyqtan jaryqqa shyghu ýshin ózi rahmet qylyp, perishteleri dúgha etedi» dep aitylady.
Yaghni, búl jerde «eshbir erkekting әkesi emes» degeni Allah taghalanyn, ózderin atadan taratatyn halyqtargha jatatyn bizder ýshin aqyrghy payghambarymyz s.gh.s.-nan úrpaq jalghastyrar úryqtyng qalmaghanyn aityp túrghany. Sonda búlar, basqa Múhamedten taraghanadary da bar, payghambarymyz Múhammed Mústafa s.gh.s.-nan taradyq degende, Allahtyng sózin joqqa shygharmaq. «Anqau elge aramza molda» degendey búnday qojalar qaranghy halyqty aldap soghyp, jalghan aityp ataqqa ie bolmaqshylar. Ózin Múhammed s.gh.s. payghambarymyzdan taratyp jýrgen, jogharyda aitylghan әlgi qoja qit etip, qojalargha sóz tiyse: «eldi býldirip jatyr», «rulardy jaulastyryp jatyr» dep pәle salady eken. Qojalardyng jalghanyn betke aitqannan, ne bolmasa, ol oidan shygharghan Qaratay degen batyrdyng naymanda bolmaghanyn shejire derekterimen naqty dәleldep bergenimnen qazaq býline qoymas. Arttary ashylyp qalghan son, arandatushylyqty búlar ózderi jasap otyr. Qazaqty býlinsin dep otyr. Yaghni, qaymana qazaqty Qamal Abdrahmangha, maghan aidap salmaqshy. Áne, Burhan ad-Dindi aitqan jalghany da әshkere boldy. Qazirgi tanda qojalardyng «Qyz Jibek» jyryn da búrmalap, qazaqtyng has batyry, Malaysarymen birge soghysqan Taylaq batyrdyng әkesi Bekejangha Tólegen batyrdy óltirtip qoyghandary aitylyp jýr. Tólegendi óltirgen Bekejannyng qol astyndaghy qúly, Andijannan qashqan úry qoja Keskenterek deydi. Sondyqtan da, búnday qojalardyng aitqanyn da, istegenin de istemgen abzal.
Al endi, qaranghylyqtan arylu ýshin tek qana Qúran kәrimdi oqyp zerttegender ghana Allahqa naghyz joldy tabady. Ózderiniz kórgendey Qúran kәrimdegi bir auyz sóz búnday qojalardyng jalghanshyl ekenderin әshkere etip otyr. Olardyng aityp jýrgen hadisteri kimderdi adastyrmady? Hadisterdi payghambarymyz Múhammed s.gh.s. aitty ma, aitpady ma, ony qaranghy qazaq bilmeydi. Búlar payghambarymyz s.gh.s.-nyng atynan sóiley salady. Búl aitylghandardyng kóbisi haram dýniye. Músylmen balasyn qara jolgha salatyn dýniye. Myna elimizdegi bolyp jatqan sodyr-súmdyqtyng bәri osynday jalghan hadisterden keldi. «Saqaldaghy әrbir shәshting týbinde bir-bir perishte otyrady» degen ne súmdyq? Saqal qong perghauyndardan qalghan qate úghym. Sondyqtan, shyn músylman bolam degen adam tek qana Qúran kirәmdi oqyp týzeledi. Osyny bilgen Islam әlemining ghalymy Nasir Ad-Din Albani: «Eger de bireu Qúran kәrim men Sýnneden dym bilmese, ol dinning negizi turaly ne aita alady? Ol tek qana bireulerding aytqan tújyrymdaryn qabyldaydy (hadisterdi. Q.Z.). Eger de kimde-kim Islamdy Allahtyng dini dep úghyp, Qúran kәrimdi oqyp zerttemese, ol kýnәhar bolady, tipti, onyng joly ong bolsa da. Allahtyng kitәbin oqyp, zerttegen adam ghana syily bolady, tipti onyng joly teris bolsa da. Eger de ol ózining tújyrymymnan adaspasa, onyng syilylyghy eki eseleydi» degen eken.
Qojalar arab bolsa, bola bersin. Ejelgi ariylerding úrpaqtary irandyqtar Islam dinin qabyldasa da, arabtyng salt-dәstýrining olargha kerek joq ekenin aitady. Qazirgi tanda elbasymyz da osyny aityp otyr. Áy qazaq! Qazaqtyng taqiyasy men shapanyn kiyip namazgha jyghylsan, sol taqiya shekene tar kele me? Anau auy salaqtaghan arabtyng dambaly qay atannan qalghan edi?
Islam dini men onyng tarihy ekeui eki bólek dýniye. Islam tarihyn, shejiresin jete zerttegen fransuz ghalymy Anry Masse ózining «Islam» atty zertteu kitәbinde: «Semiya Muhammeda prinadlejala k aristokratiy Mekki, k plemeny kureysh, delivshemusya na desyati rodov. Proishojdenie etogo plemeny sovershenno neizvestno. Po predanii, bolee ily menee blizkomu k legende, Mekka byla pervonachalino byla zanyata plemenem djurhum, a vo vremya pereseleniya yujnyh plemen, plemya huzza ostanovilosi na territoriy Mekky y cherez neskoliko let vytesnilo djurhumov. Vot togda to y poyavilisi kureyshity – polupastuhi, polurazboynikiy...» degen eken.
Ejelgi qazaqtardyng qaraqshy, yaghni, razboynik bolghandaryn kim aitpaghan? Osydan keyin ghalym payghambarymyz Múhammed s.gh.s.-nyng besinshi atasy Qosaydyng qorayyshtardyng basyn qosyp, qalada basshy oryngha shyqqanyn aitady. Aldynghy zertteulerimizde qazaq atauynyng basty núsqasy «qosaq» sózindegi «s» әrpining ornyna «z» әrpi arab tilinen engenin aitqan edik. Búl jerdegi qosaq degenimiz aday-qypshaq, yaghni, Gerodot aitqan han saqtary (qanly-qypshaq) men su saqtarynyng (aday) qosyndysyn aityp túr. Arabtar Qosay degendi hozay, huzay deydi. Al endi búl jerdegi «huzaa» degeni huzagh bolsa kerek. Yaghni, «gh» әrpining ornyna «ayn» jazylghan. Mәselen, Imam Aghzam degendi arab tilinde Imam Aazam deydi. Yaghni, «gh» dybysynyng ornyna «a» dybysy aitylady. Sondaghy huzaa, huzagh degeni «qosaq» bolsa kerek. Qosay boluy da mýmkin. Qosay degenimizding aday-qypshaq ekenin sizderge әrbir esi dúrys shejiretanushy aityp beredi. Al endi, qorayysh degenimiz Moiyseyding «Bytiyesinde» jogharghy Seirlermen birge atalghan Horey bolsa kerek. Keybir zertteushiler Horeyding Kerey ekenin aitady. Búl jerdegi Horey, Kerey, Qorayyshtyng bir sәikestigi, qazirgi Kereyde de, Qorayyshta da payghambarymyz s.gh.s.-nyng ruy «banu kalb», yaghny «it eli» bar. Banu kalb degenimiz «it úldary» dep aitylady. Yaghni, búl jerdegi úl degen sózding – úrpaq, әulet, el degen maghynada ekenin aitpasa da týsinikti. Payghambarlardyng eng myqty abyz-aqyndardan shyghatyndary belgili. «Jizni Muhammeda» atty kitaptyng avtory, zertteushi V. Irving payghambarymyz s.gh.s. – nyng dýniyege kelerining aldynda Araviyada abyz-aqyndardyng qaptap ketkenderin atyqan edi. Búl kezen, ejelgi Yuechji- Kushan patshalyghynyng ydyrap ketken zamany edi. Búl patshalyq Kaspiy tenizinen Ýndi múhiytqa deyin jayylghan bolghan. Qazaqstandyq zertteushi Yu. Zuev qytay transkripsiyasyndaghy «iechji» etnoniymining yati, ati, oty ekenin aitqanda, qazaqshasynyng aday ekenin týsinemiz. Kushan degeni jogharyda aitylghanday, qytay derekterindegi husha, hushiyang, yaghny qypshaq bolady. Qypshaq atauynyng basty núsqasy Kaviy+shaq, yaghny abyz-aqyndyq saqtar, ne bolmasa solardyng úrpaqtary degendi bildiredi. Osynyng dәleli - qazirgi qypshaqtardyng óz shejiresinde Kóbeqalyptan tarap túrghandary. Búl jerdegi «kóbe» - Kavy de, «qalyp» degeni – bolmysy. Orys tildi anyqtamalarda: Kavy – stihotvores y prorisateli. Kavy – chuyati. Kavy rodovoy titul.
Yaghni, búl jerde Kaviyding abyz-aqyn, Allahtyng sózin qabyldaushy, patsha ekeni aitylyp túr. Al endi, Allah degen sóz alghashynda qorayyshtardyng ózderining qúdayyn bildirgen deydi. («Zapovedy Tengri» K. Serikpaev). Jogharghy Anry Masse bolsa, qorayyshtardyng alghashynda Aygha tabynghandaryn aitady. Úrandary Qosay bolghan ejelgi Siyr-qypshaqtardyng Ay Tәnirine tabynghandary belgili. Tasqa qashalyp qalghan arghyqazaq mifologiyasynda Ay Tәniri men qasiyetti siyr anadan qasiyetti búqa Ókiresh tuady eken-mys. Mine osy Ókireshting aigha úqsaghan eki mýiizi Qosay bolady. Islam dininen búryn tughan payghambarymyz s.gh.s.-nyng әkesining Abdallah degen aty, Allahtyng qúly degen maghynada. Demek, Allah degenimiz Islam dininen búryn bolghan úghym. Meninshe, Ay Tәniri degendi bildiredi. Allahtyng qalauymen býkil әlemde Aydyng beynesi Islamnyng simvolyna beker ainalghan joq. Osymen qatar qypshaqtyng Aybas degen úrany da bar. Búl Aybas tolghan aidy bildiredi. Shejire derekterinen bizder Kereyding (horey, qorayysh) týbining sary qanly, qiyat-qypshaq ekenin týsinemiz. Sondyqtan qúrmetti aghayyn, Allah taghala olargha payghambarymyzdy qypshaq arasynan jibergenshe «jasaghandary ylyq», «adam beynesindegi asqandar» bolghan, shejiresinde Evra atadan evreymen birge tarap túrghan arabtargha eliktegennen saqtanayyq demekpiz. Uaqabyng da, sәlәfiying de osylardan shyghyp jatyr emes pe?
Endi, jogharghy Tólegetay, Toqtarqoja babalarymyzdyng abyz-әuliye, baqsy bola túra qabyldaghan Islam dinimen birge ata-baba ruhyn qasterlegen aruaqtyq, abyz-aqyndyq ta dindi birge ústanghandary jóninde birer sóz. Qazaqtardyng eki dindi birdey ústaytyndaryn Shoqan da aitqan edi. Tipti, Islam dinining negizinde tasqa tabynushylyqtyng (yazychestvo) jatqanyn aitqandar da bar. Bizder qanshalyqty músylman bolsaq ta, Islam dini shek qoyghan jylqy etin jey beremiz. Al endi, búl shek qoy anyghynda Islam dinin uaghyzdaushylarynyng zoroastrizm dinimen baqtalasta bolghanynan edi. Aqboz atty qúrban shalu osy ariylik zoroastralyq dinnen qalghan. Ariyler tipti attyng qúmda qalghan izin qasiyet sanaghan. Attyng izimen jýrse soghys oljasyna kenelemiz degen úghym bolghan. Al endi, payghambarymyz Múhammed s.gh.s. attyng kekilinde qayyr, bereke bolatynyn aitqan eken. Atty kýtken adamgha mәngilikte syilyq, búl jalghan dýniyede soghys oljasy bolatynyn aitqan deydi «Djihad» kitәbinde Urva ali-Barikiyding sózinen ali-Buhari. Attyng kekili men jalynyng bir ekeni belgili. Yuechjiyler men Kushandardyn, yaghni, alghashqy qazaqtardyng ýsh asha aiyrdyng týbine attyng jalyn baylap patshagha ústatqanyn osylardan qalghan altyn tengeden kóremiz. Jalayyr degen osydan qalghan. Sondyqtan da, filosofiya ghylymdarynyng doktory, tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty Sәbetqazy Aqatay Jalayyrdyng tarihynyng kýlli qazaqtyng tarihy ekenin aitqan. Áriyne, búl jerde qazirgi Jalayyr taypasy aitylyp túrghan joq. Jalayyrtanbaly bolghan kýlli qazaq aitylyp túr. Búl tanbany qiyat-qypshaqtargha kirme bolghan qiyat bórjigindik Shynghys han ózine alghan edi.
Ariyler it januaryn әulie sanaghan son, itti nәjis etu de baqtalastyqtan bolghan. Osyghan qaramay ariylerding úrpaqtary qazaqtar it januaryn, atap aitqanda ariyler «izgonyaishiy diyavola» dep ataghan tazy itti jeti qazynagha engizgen. Eshqanday da din, bizding ata-baba saltymyzgha tiym sala almaydy. Jogharghy V. Irving payghambarymyz Múhammed s.gh.s.-nyn eski kemening eng sapaly bólshekterin alyp, jana keme salghanyn әserlep aitqan eken. Allah taghala payghambarymyzdyng namaz oqyghanda jýregining Qaghbadaghy tasqa búryp túrghanyn sezip, namaz oqyghanda betin Medinagha emes, Qaghbagha qaratugha rúqsat bergen eken. Kórnekti arab aqyny, ghalym jәne pәlsәpәshi Abu-li – Alya ali Maory bylay degen eken:
Hristiandar Hristosty qúday deydi,
Qúday bolsa soyylgha nege jyghylghan?
Evreyler IYegovany Meyirim deydi,
Meyirim bolsa nege qan tógip qúrban shalghan?
Parsylar Hosrovty taza deydi,
Taza bolsa nege siyrdyng zәrimen juynghan?
Islamda tasqa tabynu haram deydi,
Haram bolsa nege tasty sýiip, jylaghan?
Al endi, payghambarymyz Múhamed s.gh.s. bolsa, tasqa degen qúrmetin bildirip, zamanaqyr bolghanda tastyng týbine tyghylghan kәpirdi әlgi tastyng aiqaylap: «Múnda jatyr!» dep ústap beretinin aitqan eken. Sondyqtan, qúrmetti aghayyn, bizding ata-babalarymyzdyng qanymen birge bizge jetken abyz-aqyndyqty, jәy tasty ústaghan baqsylyqty qasterlep, qyryqtyng biri Qydyr dep, Qydyr atamyzdy da úmytpalyq. Payghambarymyz Múhammed s.gh.s shamyn jaqqan Islam dini men birge óz imanymyzdy ústanghanymyzdyng esh haramdyghy joq. Elbasymyz aitqanday, aramyzdan arabtyng jolyn quyp qara jamylghandardy talaq etelik. Tólegetay babamyzdyng basyna baryp ziyarat etelik, aghayyn!
Tólegetay men Toqtarqojanyng әuliyelik qasiyetteri jóninde birer sóz. Toqtar qoja Janjigitti alyp ózbek jaqqa keterinde Bayjitike: «Naghashylaryndy kóndirip Shiliktini alsang maldy bolasyn, ol jerde Qúdaydyng erkesi jatyr» degen eken. Qúdaydyng erkesi dep, «Taghlym» atty kitaptyng avtory, Tarbaghatay audanynyng qúrmetti azamaty Egizbay Qarpyq Dúnaypúrúq baqsyny aitqan eken. Al endi, boyyna Qydyr daryghan óskemendik kerey-jantekey Serik Samarqanúly ayan alyp, Patshalar alqaby atalghan Shilikti manynda Shynghys hannyng jatqanyn aitady. Jantekeyler Jandeke atymen qazirgi ózbek naymandarynyng arasynda jýr. Bәlkim, Jandeke degenimiz Janjigitting qúrmettep aitqan esimi bolar? Toqtarqoja Janjigitti ertip ózbek jaqqa ketti dedi emes pe? Mәselen, Múhamedjan Tynyshbaevtyng babasy Tәuimbetti Tәuke dep te ataydy. Mening atam Dәuletting aty shejire derekterine Dәuke bolyp engen. Qaytkende de, Jandeke degenimiz sol adamnyng naqty aty emes ekeni haq. Janjigit, Janjeke, Jandeke boluy mýmkin. Áyteuir, Bayjigtting aghasy degen Janjigitting atynyng esh jerde atalmaytyny belgili. Anau tәjiktegi laqaylardy Janjigit dep jýrgenderi laqab. Olardyng týbi Ferghanada qalghan adaylar. Baghanaly taypasyndaghy Shegedektik Mәmbetqúldyng úly Janjigitting zamany beri.
Sonymen, Shynghys hannyng jatqan jerin boljaghan Serikting aituymen ol jerge arheologiyalyq zertteu jýrgizilip qorytyndy shygharylyp, búl molalardyng saqtardyng qorymy ekeni anqytaldy. Sonda Serik búl qorymdy qalay sezgen? Men oilaymyn, boyyndaghy gendik aqparatty alghan dep. Toqtarqojanyng aityp ketkeni me eken?
Serik ózining boyyna Qydyrdyng daryghanyn ainagha qarap túryp ózining Qydyr atagha úqsap túrghanyn kórgenimen týsindiredi. Arnayy qyzmette bolyp fotorobot jasau isin jaqsy bilgen ol ózi kórgen Qydyr atanyng suretin jasatyp shygharghan edi. Qydyr atanyng aq saqaly beluarynan keledi eken. Serikting úigharuymen búl Qydyr atanyng beynesi Súltan Tәukeyúlynyng jazghan «Aqyr Jәnibek» atty kitәbining múqabasynda kórsetilgen. Búl kitap 2014-shi jyly baspadan shyqqan. Men bolsam Serikpen biyl ghana tanystym. Yaghni, Qydyr atanyng bet-beynesin jana ghana kórdim. Al endi, Shynghys hannyng molasynyng mangholda jatqanyn erterekte aitqan Qarjaubay Sartqoja bolsa, mangholdardyng 18-shi ghasyrda tabylghan bir mistikalyq kitәbinde Shynghys hannyng qabirin kókbúqagha mingen, saqaly beluarynan kelgen bir shaldyng ashatyny jóninde jazylghanyn aitady. Kókbúqanyng Ókiresh ekeni, saqaly beluarynan kelgen shaldyng Qydyr ata ekenin týsinu qiyn emes. Demek, búl mangholdardyng kóregenderi Shynghys hannyng molasyn qypshaqtardyng (oqy qazaqtardyn) tabatyndaryn aitqan. Anau jerde qorymnyng jatqany ras. Arheologtar shurf qaghamyz deydi. Al endi, Jantekeydi taza nayman, taza kerey degenderi bos sóz. Álemde tek qana taza qiyat-qypshaq, yaghni, qazaq qana bar. Osy túrghydan qaraghanda qazaq arasynda rushyldyqqa salynyp jýrgender eshqanday da qiyat-qypshaqtar emes, qiyat-qypshaq, qazaq arasyna iritki salatyn kirmeler. Týbi qytay ghún-týrikter.
Qúrmetti oqyrman! Nayman shejiresin zerttep jýrgenderding Nayman shaldyn, Ókireshting oidan shygharylghan әngimelerin aita bergenderinen shejiremiz týzelmeydi. Óitkeni, qazaq tarihshylarynyng aitqandarynday, shejire derekteri Shynghys han әuletining iydeologtarynyng qadaghalauymen jazylghan. Shejireni jete zerttegen Shoqan da: «...po povelenii kotoryh ony y pisalisi, otnosiytelino rodov y plemen sostavlyavshih etot soiz» dep handardy aitqan. Nayman shejiresi degenimiz kezinde handyq qúrghan, Shynghys hanmen jiyrma jyl teke-tiresken bir kaharman elding shejiresi. Kezinde altyn taqta otyrghan, mórlerin de altynnan soqtyrghan, Shynghys hannyng ózining sauatyn ashqan naymandardy ol iydeologtar ýmiti óshken, kýsh-qauqardan aiyrylghan bir sorly shaldan taratyp qoyghan. Sondyqtan da, shejireni aitushy, jazushylar ózderi ghana týsingen, erteng osyny týsinetin bireuler úrpaqtan tabylatyn bolar dep, shejirede ózderining úlyqtyqtarynyn, tórelikterining izderin tastap ketken. Búny shejiretanuda «jasyryn maghynalar» deydi. Jasyryn maghyna degenimiz oryssha aitqanda «inoskazatelino». Mәselen, Aleksandr Pushkin «Kapitanskaya dochka» atty romanynda Emeliyan Pugachevtyng jasyryn maghynaly sózderding aitqanyn keltiredi. Osyny ózderinen basqa eshkim úqpaghan. Leonardo da-Vinchy «Taynaya vecherya» atty kartinasynda jasyryn maghyna retinde, jezókshe bolghan Mariyany payghambardyng qasyna «sahaba» keypinde otyrghyzyp qoyghan. Óitkeni, shirkeu oghan Mariyany salghangha tyiym salghan. Osy siyaqty, Shynghys han әuletining iydeologtary Nayman handarynyng tarihyn shejirede úmyttyrsa da, shejire aitushylar: «jar tóseginde ókirip Ókiresh atandy» dep, ózderining tórelik tegin aityp ketken. Shypyrashtynyng týbining qiyat-qypshaq ekenin bildiru ýshin shejireshiler búl taypany Qiyattardyng shejirelik atasy degen Bórteden taratyp qoyghan. Búl taypa Ókireshting tanbasy, kayiylerding mýiiz tanbasy, ókiresh-nayman Saryjomarttyn, qiyat-qypshaq Osmannyng Ay tanbalarymen bilinip túr. Qazirgi tandaghy genetik ghalym Jaqsylyq Sәbitov osyny rastap otyr. Yaghni, búlardyng DNK-belgisi ýisinderge jatpaydy. Demek, Múhamedjan Tynyshbaevtyng shapyrashtynyng ýisinge kirme ekenin aitqany da rastaldy. Bórte shene degenimiz tanbaly tastarda belgilenip qalghan, Ay Tәnirining simvolyn bildiretin qúiryghy shúnaq iyt, yaghni, Bórte shúnaq. Bórte degenimiz qazaqtyng dalasynda ósetin jusanynyng atauy. (bórte jusan). Qazaqtardyng jusannyng iyisin ansaytyndary beker emes. Yu. Zuev arghyqazaq mifologiyasynan qypshaqtyng bir hanynyng Gruziyagha auyp ketip, ol jaqta jusan bolmaghan son, iyisin ansap Deshti-Qypshaqqa qaytyp kelgenin aitady.
Al endi, jogharyda aitylghan Yuechjiy-Kushan patshalyghynyng altyn tengesinen bizder osy Ókireshti de, bizder tanbagha alghan Ókireshting noqtasyn da (shómish), jalayyr tanbany da kóremiz. Meninshe, orys zertteushileri Oghyzdy – taypalar odaghy dep, bizderdi janyldyru ýshin әdeyi aitqan. Oghyz degenimiz Ógiz, keshegi kóshpeli ariylerge jatatyn Turandar. (Tur – ógiz, búqa). Kýlli eldi Ókireshten taratqan Nayman shejiresi osyny aityp túr. Qazaq ghalymy S. Ismaghúlov qazba júmystarynyng negizinde ejelgi qazaqtardyng aqsary bet-әlpetti, jasyl súr kózdi bolghandaryn dәleldegen. Serikbol Qondybay bolsa, qazirgi qazaqtardyng teng jartysynyng bet-әlpetining mongoloidtyq bolyp qalghandaryn, olardyng atalarynyng ghún-týrik zamandarynda (5-7gh.gh.) osylarmen miday aralasyp ketkenderimen týsindirgen edi. Al endi, Turandar týrik bolmaghan. Qazaq ghalymdarynyng miyna da kirmegen osy taqyrypty orystar jete zerttep jatyr. Ghún-týrik әleminen alshaqtap ketip, ózderining týpnúsqalyq bet-әlpetterin saqtap qalghan Stamboldaghy týrik atanghandar bolsa, kózderi ashyq bolghan son, ózderining týbining qanly-qazaq ekenin bayaghyda úghyp qoyghan. Al endi, arghyqazaq mifologiyasy atty ghylymdy engizgen Serikbol Qondybay: «yechjy mәselesi – qazaqtyn, jalpy týrkitanudyng negizgi tirek buyny» degen edi.
Ókireshten Tólegetaygha deyin kem degende segiz ghasyr ótken. Sondyqtan, Belgibay ózining nemeresi Tólegetaydy kórdi degenderi laqab sóz. Qarakerey, Tórtuyl, Sadyr, Matay degender Tólegetaydyng balalarynyng aty emes, soghan qaraghan, sonyng atyna shejirede jazylyp qalghan taypalardyng atauy. Mysaly, Qazaq handyghyn qúrysqan mataylyq Qaptaghay batyr Tólegetaydyng zamandasy bolghan. Sadyr degenimiz týrik dәuirindegi Yadyr taypasy bolsa kerek. Tórtuyl degenimiz qiyat-qypshaq Dombauyl mergenning aghasy Tóbe soqyrdyng tórt úlynan taraghan bolsa, zamany 7-8 ghasyr. Qarakereyding týbi qiyat-jyrhyn. Kereylerding qúramynda Qarauyn degen jerde kóship-qonyp jýrip Qarakerey atanghan deydi. Mifologiyada Qarauyn Ótikenmen birge aitylady. Al endi, Mataydyng tanbasynyng «bóri» ekeni de laqab. Zertteushiler: M. Grodekovtyn, M. Tynyshbaevtyn, H. Arghynbaevtyn, M. Múqanovtyn, V. Vostrovtyng derekterinde Mataydyng tanbasy qúiryqsyz it bolyp túr. Sәrsen Amanjolov pen Nyghmet Mynjannyng derekterinde qúiryghy qayqighan, artyna qarap túrghan tazy retinde salynghan. Búl tanbalar, óte kóneden kele jatqan tanbalar. Tamghaly tastardaghy suretterge qatysty arnayy zertteuler jýrgizilgenimen, ghalymdar kóp nәrseni úgha almaghan. Búl tastarda qola dәuirindegi, yaghni, ariylerding zamanyndaghy suretshiler bórini esh uaqytta qúiryqsyz, ne bolmasa, qayqy qúiryqty etip salmaghan. Itten aiyra bilu ýshin bórining qúiryghy jerge qaray tiginen sozylghan, ne bolmasa, bútyna qysylghan týrinde salynghan bolghan. Yaghni, bórini auyldy toryp jýrgen sorly keypinde salghan. Óitkeni, bóriler ariylerding ata jauyna sanalghan. «Avestada» jaulary jóninde aitqanda: «Ih nado ubivati kak kradushihsya volkov» degen. Sondyqtan da, olardyng úrpaqtary, bizding atalarymyz búl laghnetti «qas bolghan song qyr» dep qas+qyr ataghan. Qazaqstan zertteushisi Yu. Zuev tanbalardyng syryn bilgenderding shejiretanudan ozyq bolaryn aitqan edi. Qayrat Zakiryanov ta: «Tamiga – iydentifikator plemen» degen edi. Bizder Mataydyng tanbasynan birde - qiyattardyng mifologiyalyq babasy Bórte shúnaqty, birde ariylerding qasiyetti january sary tazyny kóremiz. «Altyn dәpterde» aitylghanday, Alan anagha týndeletip kelip, Shynghys hannyng babasy Bodanjardy kótertip ketken osy «sary tazy» edi. «Altyn dәpterdegi» sar tazynyng da, Mataydyng tanbasynyng da, aryiylerding belgisi ekenderi haq. Yaghni, mataylardyng bir tanbasy tóbet, bir tanbasy tazy bolady. Al endi, tóbet pen tazy bolsa, qazaqpen birge tuyp, birge óletin januarlar. Sondyqtan da, shejiretanushy Eskendir Battaldyng Mataydyng týbin «manghytqytay» dep, qaraqytaygha tiregeni qiyaldan aitylghan negizsiz sóz. Matay atauynyng ne maghyna ekenin eshkim naqty aita almaydy. Al endi, ózderin ariylerge jatqyzatyn tәjikterding ghalymdary kýlli ariylerding shejirelik atasynyng Moday ekenin aitady.
Endi, joramal-jorghygha da biraz jol berelik. Áriyne, joramaldy shejire derekterine sýienbey aitpaq emespiz. Osylay bolghanda, naymanda Tólegetaydyng óz kindiginen úrpaq bar ma, bar bolsa olar kimder? degen zandy súraq tuatyny belgili. Qazaqta Qojamseyit degen adamnyng aty seyit qoja degendi bildiretini haq. Qojamjar degeni qojam jar bolsyn, Qojamberdi degeni qojanyng batasyn alyp tughan, Qojakeldi degeni de osy, Qojamqúl degeni qojanyng qúlshylyghy, t.s.s. Al endi, Qojambet degenimizding qoja ýmbeti, yaghni, qojanyng úrpaghy degen sóz ekeni anyq. Tólegetay naymandaghy Qojambet tarmaghy qarakereyde bir ózi jeke tarmaq, yaghni, bir tóbe bolyp taratylyp túrsa, kýlli qarakerey - bayys, baysyiyq, syban, múryn, bayjigit, semiz nayman, tuma-toqpaghymen qosa bir tóbe bolyp taratylghan. Ákeimizding qoljazbasynda: «Qojambetting bәibishesinen bir bala bolghan, onyng shashynyng jartysy qara, jartysy sary» dep aitylghan Arghyqazaq mifologiyasynda «alabas balanyn» hannyng úly ekeni belgili. Yaghni, Qyzyl Arystan hannyng úly alabas bala Alash. Jәne de, aqnayman Omar bolystan qalghan shejirede: «Qazaqtyng túnghysh hany Alash» dep aitylghan. Álgi alabas bala Janghúly osy shejirede de aitylady. Mәselen, qyrghyzdiki degen «Manas» jyrynda: «Anau jar týbinen tabylghan Boqmúryndy ala kýshik demender!» dep aitady Kóketay han ólerinde. Boqmúryn keyin han bolady. Ol da «alabas bala» edi. Yaghni, «alabas bala» degenimiz Nayman shejiresindegi Qojambetterdin, yaghni, qoja ýmbetining handardyng úrpaqtary ekenderin bildirip túrghan, atalarymyz tastap ketken belgi bolady. Tólegetaydyng qoja ataghy bolghanyn aittyq. Tarihy derekte Tungachuk Tóle qoja nayman. Áriyne, qalay bolghanda da, Tólegetay kýlli naymannyng atasy bolyp qala beredi. Óitkeni, ol asyl tekti handarymyzdyng túyaghy edi.
Qayrat Zaryphan, shejiretanushy
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