1) Qasqa jazasy
Búl jazagha úshyraghan adamgha óshpes tanba salynyp, elden quylady. «Múny estigen Babas qayghydan qatty kýiip, qahargha qatty mingen eken. Qabashtyng shashyn ústaramen qyrypty. Sodan song qúiqasyn mandayynan jelkesine deyin, ong samayynan sol samayyna deyin tiledi. Basyna jarghaq tymaq, ýstine ainaldyrghan ton kiygizip qolyna tayaq ústatady. «Endi qayda barsang onda bar, sendey aram aghayynnan adal arym artyq» dep, teris batasyn berip, ata qonystan alastap shygharghan eken. Ol zamanda qarghystyng auyry teris bata, jazanyng ýlkeni qasqa etip әigilep, elden quyp qanghyrtyp jiberu bolypty ghoy» (B.Momyshúly, «Úshqan úya»). Múnday auyr jazagha úshyraghandargha júrt qarang batsyn, kelmeske ket dep qarghys aityp, artynan topyraq shashqan.

Qazaqtyng búdan ózge de týrli jazalary bar. Mәselen, olardyng qataryna mynalar jatady:
• betine kýie jaghyp, moynyna qúrym kiyiz ilu.
• qolyn artyna baylap, qara esekke nemese siyrgha teris mingizu.
• Araq iship ólgenderge nemese ózin óltirgenderge janaza shygharylmaydy, bólek jerlenedi.
• At qúiryghyna baylap óltiru.
• Áyelding shashyn kesip, talaq etu
mal mýlkin talaugha salu.
• Ýiin auyldan bólek tigu.
• Mal siyaqty kógendep qoi.
• Tas atyp óltiru.

2) Myghau jazasy
Ol opasyzdargha, satqyndargha qoldanylghan. Jazagha úshyraghan adamnyng ayaq - qolyn baylap, aghashqa (keregege) tanghan, al soghys kezinde nayza astyna kergen. Barlyq jiylghan júrt onyng betine týkirip, laghnet aityp, qarghys jaudyrghan. Qarttar teris batasyn berip, el-júrt ony adam qataryna qospay, qanghyrtyp jibergen. Olardyng otbasy bolmaghan. Kóbinde olar jasyrynyp, aty-jónin jasyryp, shyn atyn aita almaghan, olar kóz kórmes, qúlaq estimes jaqqa ketip qalugha tyrysqan. Tughan tuystary da izdemegen.

3)Bәji basu
Qyzghan temirdi adamnyng mayqúiryghyna basqan. Ol qylmyskerding ar-úyatyna basylghan ólmes, óshpes tanba. Bәji basu degenimiz sol. El arasynda múnday oqighalar óte siyrek úshyrasqan. Sondyqtan, ony el auyszdan auyzgha taratyp, әngime etetin bolghan. Ol qylmyskerding úrpaqtaryna da zor tanba. Bar tuysynyng arasynda aitylyp, kýlki etedi.
Arqada túrlybay degen bedeldi kisi bir әdepsizdi tәrtipke shaqyrsa, ol onyng ózine tiyisipti. Sonda Túrlybay: «Shyraghym, men seni qaraauyz dedim be, nanjarym qúiryghyna bәji basylghan dedim be, baydyng toqaly tepken dedim be» dep әlgining býkil «ataq-abyroyyn» jipke tizip, ózin úyatqa qaldyrghan eken. Múny estip túrghan by tәrtipsizge 20 dýre qamshy soghudy búiyrypty. Dýre soghayyn dep onyng shalbaryn sheshkende onyng qúiryghyna shynymen de tanba basylghany belgili bolady.

4) Keregege keru
«Arsyz adam arsandap arsyldaydy,
Ár jerde keregege tanylsa da» dep jyrlaghan eken hakim Abay. Keregege keru – tәrtiptik әri qúqyqtyq jazanyng biri. Ol ólimmen teng jaza. Úrlyq, zina jasaghandar, elding shyrqyn búzghan adamdar biyler men aqsaqaldardyng sheshimimen izdeushiler kelgenshe kiyiz ýiding keregesine tanylady. Ayaq qolyn keregege kerip baylap qoyady. Birneshe kýnge deyin as-auqat ta berilmeydi. Olar aqtalmaydy jәne auyr jazalanady. Onyng úyaty sosyn onyng býkil tuys-tughany, jaqynyna, tipti rulas aghayyndaryna da keledi. Sondyqtan olar da tuysynyng betine týkirip, elden alastaydy. Keyde olardy jerge tórt qazyq qaghyp, ayaq-qolynan kerip baylap tastaydy. Ony qazyqqa keru dep ataydy.

5) Kógenge týsu
Qolgha týsken úrylar men barymtashylardy jazalaudyng bir týri – kógenge týsu. Onyng qolyn artyna qayyra baylap, olardy kәdimgi qoydy kógendegendey etip ústau. Kógenge týskender qara tanba basylghanday kýlkige úshyrap, ar-úyatynan airylghan qadirsiz adam esebinde bolady. Óle ólgenshe kógenge týsken aty úmytylmay, ensesin tiktey almay, tómenshiktep jýredi.

6) Shoshay
Otanyn, dinin satqandargha, qúdaygha, payghambargha, aruaqqa til tiygizgenderge, asa auyr qylmys jasaghan adamdargha auyr jaza týrin qoldanghan. Onyng aty – shoshay. Onday adamdy dinbasylar men aqsaqaldar qauymy shaqyryp alyp, qylmys jasaghan-jasamaghanyna kóz jetkizedi. Eger onysy dәleldense, ony elding aldynda aiyp salyp elden quady nemese shoshay etedi. Yaghni, auyldan jarty shaqyrym aulaqqa aparyp bólek tigedi. Ol ýiding malyn da, adamyn da auyl adamdarymen aralastyrmaydy. Ol otaudy – shoshay ýi, onyng iyesin – shoshay qazaq degen. Olardy eshkim qonaqqa, toygha, quanyshqa shaqyrmaydy, qúrmet kórsetpeydi. Búl materialdyq emes, ruhany jazalau. Adam eshkimmen aralaspay, masqaragha úshyraghan song ózi-aq kýizelip, qylmysynyng qanshalyqty auyr bolghanyn týsinedi, qateligine ókinedi.

7) Shang basty
Bireuge menshikti jerding óz baqylaushy kýzetshileri bolghan. Oghan rúqsatsyz eshkim ayaq baspaghan. Alystan kóringen jolaushylar bolsa jol boyyndaghy auyldargha soqpay, elding janalyqtaryn aityp, әngime shertispey ótpegen. Búl tәrtipti búzghan adamdar úry, qaraqshy, kýdikti adam sanalghan. Múnday jaghdayda el, auyl basqarushylary olardy ústap alyp, tergep tekserip, aiyp salghan. Múnday zandy elimizde shang basty jazasy deydi. El manynan shandatyp ótu de әdepsizdik sanalghan.

Ghabit Mәlibekting facebook paraqshasynan

Abai.kz