Ýlken sayasatta kýndelikti ómirdegidey joqtan eshnәrse payda bolmaydy. Sol siyaqty әlemning jetekshi elderining tirshilik tezine tótep berudegi qauqary - aldynghy kezenderde jýzege asqan dúrys sheshimderding jemisi. Búl túrghydan alghanda bizding elde de Núrsúltan Nazarbaev dәuirinde bastauyn alyp, Qasym-Jomart Toqaev kezinde jalghasyn tapqan sayasy dәstýrler negizgi basymdyqtar boyynsha ózin aqtap shyqty.

Taghdyrdyng qaterli ótkelderinen aman ótu - tek kýshti memleketterding nesibesi. Biyik minbelerden de dәl osynday sipattaghy elge ainalghanymyz jón degen ýndeuler joldanyp jatady. Biraq, sol kýshtilikting belgileri nede? Búl túrghydaghy bizding Qazaqstannyng mýmkindikteri qanday?

Ádette, búqaralyq sana quatty memleket degendi bir kósemning qabaghyna qarap qalghan, sonynan sap týzep ergen avtoritarizmge balaydy. Endi birde kópshilik kýshti memleketti balama pikirlerdi janyshtap jalghyz ghana iydeologiyanyng qúrsauyna alghan totalitarizmge tenep jatady. Adamzat tarihynda múnday mysaldar jetip artylady: Staliyn, Mao, kommunizm, chuchhe t.b. Shyn mәnisinde onday jýiening ómirshendigi kýmәn tudyrady. Búghan qansha jantalassa da aqyry qúryp tynghan Kenes Odaghynyng tarihy, ya bolmasa halqyn ashtyq pen mesheulikke aidap tyqqan Soltýstik Koreyanyng tәjiriybesi aiqyn dәlel. Anyghy sol - senim emes qorqynyshqa, әleumetting ómirin jaqsartu emes ýgit-nasihatqa jýgingen memleketting tasy órge domalamaydy.

Ekinshi jaghynan aitqany jýrmeytin, degenin oryndatugha dәrmensiz juas memleketten ne qayyr? Onsyz ózekti әleumettik mәselelerding sheshimi, ekonomikalyq ósim, adam húqyqytary qalaysha qamtamassyz etilmek? Búl jayynda oishyldardyng sózine jýginip kórsek. Mәselen, Jan Jak Russo: “Tek kýshti memleket qana óz azamattaryna shynayy azattyq bere alady”, - degeni bar. Napoleon “Halyqtyng basyna týsken pәlening eng jamany - biylikting osaldyghy” sanaghan.

Libaralizm, yaghny erkindikti jalau etip kótergen HHI ghasyrda atalghan pikirler óz qúndylyghyn joghaltpay, qayta janasha mәnge ie bolyp otyr. Búl rette amerikalyq tanymal filosof Frensis  Fukuyamamen kelispeuge amal joq: “Álsiz, biliksiz, jalang sózden asa almaytyn ýkimet kóptegen qauip-qaterlerge úryndyrady, әsirese búl damushy elderge erekshe ózekti mәsele”.

Demek, kýshti memleketting deni – ortaq maqsat pen qúndylyqtar ayasynda qoghamdy júmyldyra alushy, ol ýshin qajetti ruhani, sayasi, zandyq, әleumettik alghysharttardy jasaqtaushy qabilette jatyr. Atalghan mindetke jetu demokratiyalyq qúraldarsyz, birinshi kezekte biylik pen qoghamnyng ózara baylanysynsyz, odan kelip tuyndaytyn senim men qoldausyz neghaybyl sharua.

Sayasat útymdy bolu ýshin biylikke kelensiz syrtqy yqpalmen qatar ishten jik-jikshildikke aidap salushylargha tótep bererlik әl-quat kerek. Áytpese elding amandyghy men damuynyng irge tasy bolyp sanalatyn tútastyq men túraqtylyqtyng joyyluy bek mýmkin. Biraq atalghan әl-quat biylik tarapynan qogham ómirining barlyq salalaryn baqylaugha alynuyn bildirmeydi. Keyde әlgindey asyra sýlteushilikter menmenshildikke, toqyraugha, odan baryp dýmpuge úryndyrady.

Qarap otyrsa songhy on jyldyqta ghana әlemde oryn alghan memlekettik tónkerister kóbine janaghyday avtoritarly qoghamdargha tәn eken. Eng soraqysy - milliondaghan adam ýmit artqan revolusiyalyq ózgerister әdil de gýldengen ómirge әkelmedi. Qayta ahual búrynghydan beter nasharlady. Aumaly-tókpeli zamanda biylik basyna kóp jaghdayda destruktivti, halyq emes jeke basynyng qamyn oilaghan kýshter keldi. Memleketting ishki bylyqtaryn syrt kýshter ózderining aram pighyldarynda paydalanyp qúlugha asyqty. Nәtiyjesi ókinishti - Gruziya men Ukraina aumaqtyq tútastyghynan airyldy, Mysyr men Tunis dinshil esktremisterding óktemi men kedeylikten kóz ashar emes. Soghys jaghdayynda Libiya men Siriya mýlde memlekettigin joghaltyp kóringenning jemtigine ainaldy. Kórip otyrghanymyzday, revolusiya qoghamdaghy týitkilderding ontayly sheshimi bolyp tabylmaydy. Jәne onyng qúrbanyna biylikpen qatar halyqtyng ózi ainalady.

Sonymen ómirding barlyq salasyn biylik óz júdyryghynda ústap túruyn kýshtilik dep qabyldau aghattyq. Ásirese ekonomikagha kelgende. Memlekettik basqaru - naryqty almastyra almaydy. Aynalyp kelgende memleket – әrkez jaman menedjer bolyp shyghady degen zandylyqty nazargha alsa onday tәjiriybening paydasynan góri ziyany kóp. Aytylghangha kezinde azamattardyng jeke qabileti men qúlshynysyn túnshyqtyryp, eldegi barlyq óndirushi quattardy óz qolynda shoghyrlandyrghan, týbinde irip-shirip kelmeske ketken Sovet Odaghy dәlel. Bir ortalyqtan basqarylatyn ekonomikalyq jýiening endigi túsy – burokratiyanyng erteli me kesh jalpyúlttyq baylyqtardy jeke basynyng qamy ýshin paydalanuy men jauapkershilikten jaltaruy. Búnyng arty oligarhiya men monopoliyalargha alyp keledi. Yaghny ekonomika damuy ýshin biylik әdil zandar, tәuelsiz sot arqyly teng dәrejedegi bәsekelestikti kepildeushi ghana bolghany abzal. Álemde onday mysaldar az emes. Sonyng biri – tiyisti retteu men yntalandyru tetikterin sәtti úshtastyra bilgen Amerika Qúrama Shtattary býginde ghalamdyq ekonomikanyng kóshbasshysyna ainaldy.

Demek, myqtylyqtyng birden-bir qúraushysy túraqtylyqqa núqsan keltirmey, ózgeristerdi  órkeniyetti týrde jýzege asyrugha kelip sayady. Búl mindet qalyng búqara men biyligi úiysqan elderding enshisinde. Olay bolsa elitalardyng qoghamnan túiyqtaluy onyng әlsizdigine, al ashyqtyghy – quatynyng artuyna alyp keledi. Sayyp kelgende ózine senimdi biylik qana oryn alghan syny pikirlerden qaymyqpaydy, qayta olargha qúlaq asugha dayyndyq tanytady. Ómir bolghannan keyin qatelespeytin pende joq, al qatyp qalmay jibergen qateligin moyyndau jәne týzetuge tyrysu – jeke adamnyng bolsyn nemese tútas ýkimetting bolsyn aqyly men parasattylyghyn menzeydi. Sol arqyly isti nasyrgha shaptyrmay uaqtyly rettep otyrugha mýmkindik qalyptasady. San qily qauip-qaterlerge, daghdarysty jaghdaylargha boy aldyrmay Batys Europa elderi songhy jýz jylda revolusiya ataulydan ada boluy aitylghan tújyrymdy rastay týsedi.

Biylikting әrbir sheshimi qoghamnyng kónilinen shygha bermeydi. Mәselen, salyq jinau, týrli shekteulerdi engizu, olardy oryndamasa jauapqa tartu – osy siyaqty sharalardy kópshilikke únamasa da engizu ortaq oiyn erejelerin ornatudy, zang aldyndaghy kez-kelgen azamattyng teng boluyn, әleumettegi tendik pen әdildikti, jalpygha ortaq maqsatqa qol jetkizudi qamtamassyz etedi. Alayda osynday jaghymsyz әreketterdi jýrgizu ýshin jalghyz kýshke jýgingen taghy jetkiliksiz. Úzaq merizmde ol ýshin biylikting qogham aldynda abyroyy, sózine senimi boluy qajet.

Al endi jogharyda keltirilgen talaptargha ózimizding Qazaqstan qanshalyqty sәikes degen súraqqa kelsek. Ras, búl tónirekte әttegenaylar jetip artylady. Dese de ózimizge topyraq shashqan qayta jaramas. Eng bolmaghanda kezindegi KSRO shekpeninen shyqqan respublikalardyng jay-kýiimen salghastyrar bolsaq, bizding dengeyimiz qay jaghynan alghanda kósh ilgeri, meyli ol sayasy jýie  bolsyn, әleumettik-ekonomikalyq ahual bolsyn. Tәuelsizdik jolyndaghy ótkelderde sýringen shaqtarymyz bolghan da shyghar. Biraq eng qúndysy - qúlap qalmay, úpayymyzdy joghaltpay, aman-esen shyqqanymyzdy eshkim joqqa shyghara almas. Áriyne, TMD kenistigindegi seriktesterden alda túrghandy qanaghat tútugha bolmaydy. Bolashaqqa úmtylsaq, bar әl-auqatymyzdy eng órkendegen elder qatarynan tabylugha júmsaghanymyz abzal. Aqylgha jendirsek oghan da jetermiz.

Algha basudyng demokratiyamen tikeley baylanysta ekendigin jogharyda sóz ettik. Mine qazir de kýlli әlemde ýrey jaylatqan Koronavirus kimning nege túratynyn kórsetip bergendey boldy. Arasynda birqatar sarapshylardy mazalaghan súraqtyng biri – osynday nәubetke qarsy túrugha demokratiyalyq pa әlde avtoritarly qogham beyimdirek be? Kelisuge bolar – bir diktatorgha ne iydeologiyagha baghynghan elderde sheshimder shúghyl qabyldanatyny artyqshylyq beredi, óitkeni olar parlamentpen ne júrtshylyqpen aqyldasyp olardyng maqúldauyn alumen basyn qatyrmaydy. Sondaghysy qatqyl sharalargha basymdyq beriledi. Aytalyq, Resey basshylyghy kýdiktilerding ýilerin podezimen qosa shynjyrlap tastady, Qytay karantin kezinde jýrgenderi dedektetip týrmege aparyp tyqty, Ýndistan kóshe kezgenderdi tayaqtyng astyna aldy. Jekelegen jaghdaylarda atalghan sharalar, bәlkim, ong nәtiyjesin bergen de bolar. Dese de úzaq merzimde qyspaqqa alugha basymdyq bergen әlgindey ústanym ózin-ózi aqtamaytyny týsinikti.

Ras, pandemiya kezinde demokratiyalyq elder de dýrbelenge salyndy. Olardyng qatarynda, mәselen, Italiya, Ispaniya, AQSh siyaqtylar tabyldy. Soghan qaramastan qoghamdy basynu arqyly  emes, oghan isting mәn-jayyn týsindirip, kelisip baryp jaghday jasaghan Germaniya, Shveysariya, Chehiya syndy memleketterding tәjiriybesi útymdylyghyn kórsetti. Búny atalghan elderdigi pandeminyanyng sheginuinen ghana emes, odan jetkilikti sabaq alyp qayta shyndalyp shyqqanynan bayqaymyz.

Ýlken sayasatta kýndelikti ómirdegidey joqtan eshnәrse payda bolmaydy. Sol siyaqty әlemning jetekshi elderining tirshilik tezine tótep berudegi qauqary – aldynghy kezenderde jýzege asqan  dúrys sheshimderding jemisi. Búl túrghydan alghanda bizding elde de Núrsúltan Nazarbaev dәuirinde bastauyn alyp, Qasym-Jomart Toqaev kezinde jalghasyn tapqan sayasy dәstýrler negizgi basymdyqtar boyynsha ózin aqtap shyqty. Búny Qazaqstannyng aumaly-tókpeli 1990 jyldardyng tauqymetinen, 2008-09 ben 2014-15 jyldardyng daghdarysynan aman ótkeni aighaqtaydy.

Býgin de Koronavirus derti qyspaqqa alghanda basqalardyng qatarynda Qazaqstannyng jaghdayy tәuir dep aitugha tolyq negiz bar. Elimizdegi aurudyng taralu dinamikasy sony anghartady. Biylikting der kezinde qabyldaghan qadamdary arqasynda virustyng jappay epiydemiyagha ainaluyna tosqauyl qoyyldy. Búl baghyttaghy Qazaq biyligining әreketterin Dýniyejýzilik densaulyq saqtau úiymy ong baghalady. Óz kezeginde karantin saldarynan tabys kózinen airylghandargha jәrdemaqy tóleu, oryn alghan kemshilikterge qaramastan, negizinen atqaryluda. Orta jәne shaghyn bizneske, әleumettik jaghdayy mýshkil otbasylargha, basqa da múqtaj ortalargha kómek kórsetilude. Al eng bastysy – syn saghatta qoghamnyng ózi ishtey yntymaq tanytqany, shekteuler auyr tiyse de týsinistik bildirip tәrtipke baghynghany Qazaq elinining keyde ózimiz elemeytin әleuetin pash etti.

Kez-kelgen memleketting quaty onyng qatelik jibermeuimen emes, oryn alghan olqylyqty týzeutuge degen jigerimen ólshenedi. Basty qúndylyq qolda barymyzdy saqtap óz kýshimizge senude jatyr. Búl rette biylik pen qogham arasyndaghy ýilesim men el taghdyry ýshin ortaq jauapkershilikti sezinu qashan da sheshushi manyzgha iye. Tiyisinshe osynday ústanym ornyqqan sayyn ol erten, Koronavirus sheginip daghdyly ómir saltyna kóshkenimizde, el bolyp algha basuymyzdyng kepili bolmaq.

Rasul Júmaly

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