Ámir Temir men Bayazid súltannyng maydany
Ámir Temir búrynghy Horezm imperiyasynyng jәne Mәuerennahr aumaghyn tolyqtay jaulap alghan son, orta aziyalyq qala Samarqandty ózining reziydensiyasyna ainaldyrdy. Kóshpeli halyq imperiyasy ýshin Samarqand Ýndistan әri Mysyrgha, basqa da músylman memleketterine baratyn Jibek jolynyng dәl tósine ornalasqan bolatyn.
Sonday-aq, Osman týrikteri de Vizantiyalyq Konstantinopolidi jaulap alyp, óz imperiyasynyng basqaru punktine ainaldyryp, artynan ony Stambúl dep atady. Osy arada kishkene sheginis jasap, endi Temirlan turaly aita ketsek deymiz.
Sonymen, Ámir Temir 1336 jyly (Tyshqan jyly) toghyzynshy sәuirde Shahrisabz qystaghynda tughan bolatyn. Ákesi Taraghay (nemese Targhyn) Barlas ruynyng azamaty. Aghylshyn zertteushisi, Hilda Hukhemning ghylymy enbeginde «Tamerlan poveliyteli turkov», Nayman taypasynyng qúramyndaghy ru dep kórsetilgen. Týrki - qypshaqtar (Shynghys han qaghanaty) Mәuerennahrdy jaulap alghanda, Shaghataymen birge kelgen Naymannyng kópshilik bóligi osy aragha qonys tepken edi. Sol zamannyng ataqty jylnamashysy әri tarihshysy, ispan elshisi Klavihonyng jazghandaryna kónil bóleyik. Dәlme-dәl maghyna bersin dep, audarmay orysshasyn berdik.
«…Klaviho piyshet: Timur unasledoval organizasii armiy ot Chingiza, predusmatrivavshui ee razdeleniye. Eto iyerarhicheskaya sistema razdelyala kajdyy domen na voennye soediyneniya, sootvetstvenno chislu ludey v sborah. Tiymur y ego dom svyato otnosilisi k zakonom Chingiza. V ih otryadah, ih dvorah, ih prazdnestvah, ih deystviyah ony nikogda ne deystvovaly protiv institutov Chingiza».
Ámir Temir ózining ýzengiles dosy Qyranshy batyrdan: «Býkil Samarqandty, Búharany, Hiua men Ýrgenishti, Mәuerennahrdy baghyndyrdyq, endi búlardyng túrghyndaryn әskerge dayyndaymyz ba, ne isteymiz?» – dep súraghany bar. Sonda Qyranshy batyr: «Búlar at ýstinde otyryp jaugha shaba almaydy. Taqymdary әlsiz. Esek ýstinde otyryp jýk tartpasa. Búlardyng ústalaryn jinap alyp, qaru-jaraq, jebe jasatqanymyz әldeqayda ondy bolar. At ýstinde oinap ósken ózinizding sarbazdarynyz, әskerinizding negizgi kýshi emes pe? Myna esek mingen sarttardy qossanyz, әskerding jauyngerlik qabiletin әlsiretip aluynyz mýmkin», – degeni bar.
Sony eskerip, ÁmirTemir osy ólkening ústalaryn jinap alyp, arba-arba jebe jasatyp otyrdy. Sonday-aq, ústalardy ýnemi joryqqa da birge alyp jýrdi.
Europalyq hristiandardy ashsa alaqanynda, júmsa júdyryghynda ústap kelgen nayzaghayday jyldam Bayazid súltan, Kishi Aziyagha Tiymurdy jibergisi kelmedi. Al Ámir Temirding maqsaty – Kishi Aziyany jaulap alyp, sodan keyin Ýndistandy, Mysyrgha deyingi el-júrtty jәne Mysyrdy basyp alyp, sóitip, býkil Aziya qúrlyghyn ózining iyeligine alu bolatyn.
«Barlastyng Sayypqyrany» (Hilida Hukhem) búl kezenge deyin býkil Ortalyq Aziya elderin biriktirip, Kavkaz ben Qyrymdy jaulap aldy.
1402 jyly shilde aiynyng jiyrma segizi kýni Ankara týbinde sol zamannyng asa zor soghysy bastaldy.
Jalpy, Osman týrikteri әskerining ýshten ekisi Deshti Qypshaq jerining Jalayyrlary bolatyn. Kezinde jayau әskerleri kóp elderge shamasy kelmey jenilip qala bergen son, týrikter kóshpeli qypshaqtardyng handary men taypa basshylaryna elshilerin jiberip, altyn men kýmisti ayamay tógip, olardyng atty әskerlerin jalgha alghan bolatyn. Sóitip, osy Jalayyrlar Osman týrikterining imperiya boluyna jol ashyp berdi. Qypshaqtyng atty sarbazdarynyng kýshimen Europanyng jәne Aziyanyng kópshilik bóligin jaulap aldy. Týrik yanycharlary tek artta jýrip, demeushi soghyskerlerding rólin atqardy.
Osman týrikteri men Ámir Temir әskerleri Ankara týbinde soghysugha qarsy túrghan kezde janaghy Jalayyrlar óz qandastaryna qol kóteruge dәti jetpey, Ámir Temirding jaghyna shyghyp ketti.
Ony ispandyq Klaviha bylay dep jazady: «Kogda ony sbliziyliysi drug s drugom dlya bitvy, pervoe neschastie, kotoroe obrushilosi na Bayazida, bylo to, chto kochevoe plemya Jalayyry, vse pogolovno predaly ego, a tak kak ony sostavlyaly glavnuy chasti ego voysk, to ego armiya byla silino oslablena».
Amaly qalmaghan Bayazid qolyna qylyshy men aibaltasyn alyp, soghysqa ózi aralasty. Biraq, kóshpeli qypshaqtyng bolattay myqty sarbazdary qoysyn ba, jarty kýnge jetpey, Týrik yanycharlarynyng tas-talqanyn shyghardy.
«Istrebiyteli hristianskogo Zapada byl razgromlen orlom Barlasov» (Hilida Hukhem).
Súltan Bayazid pen onyng jaqtastarynyng kóbi qolgha týsti. Áyeldikke alghanyna birneshe ay ghana bolghan serb qyzy Oliyver men últy týrik jas toqaly Patma ekeui Ámir Temirding qolyna ótip, joryqta jýrgen imperatordyng sýiiktisine ainaldy.
Onbay jenilgen Úly Týrik qaghanatynyng kóteriluine jarty ghasyrdan asa uaqyt ketti. Osman imperiyasyn bir joryghynda ghana oiranyn shygharyp, qúrdymgha ketirse, Altyn Orda imperiyasyn ýsh ret soqqy berip, әreng әlsiretti. Biraq, ydyrata almady. Altyn Orda Toqtamys pen Edigening jәne Mamaydyng taqqa talasuynan jeke handyqtargha bólinip ketti.
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