Ár elde din belgili bir ózindik últtyq erekshelikke iyelik etedi. Bizding Alash júrty erteden bastap órkeniyetterding toghysqan jeri bolyp tabylady desem artyq aitqanym emes. Otandyq arheolog ghalymdarymyzdyng jýrgizgen qazba júmystaryna zer salar bolsaq. Qazirgi biz túryp jatqan aimaqtardan buddizm, zoroastrizm jәne erte hristiandyqtyng bir bútaghy bolyp sanalatyn nestorian dinderining babalarymyz arasynda taraghandyghyna kóz jetkizemiz. Jalpy ejelgi ata-babalarymyz Tәnir men Úmaygha tabynyp, ómirlik kýshti Qút dep tanyp, óz atalarynyng aruaghyna ziyart etip kelgendigin angharamyz. Qazaqtardyng islamgha deyingi nanym-senimderin key jaghdayda islam dini de moyyndaghanyn bilemiz.

Islamdaghy eng tolerantty mektep hanafit mazhaby ghana qazaq arasyna túraqtady. Bizdegi siyaqty islam Týrkiyagha, Afrikagha, Balqangha últtyq erekshelikti, jer jaghdayy men ómir sýru qalybyn eskere otyryp tarady. Sonymen islam qay jerde taramasyn ol jergilikti últtyq erekshelikke iyelik etip, sol últtyng etnikalyq bir qúramdas bóligi men azamattyq biregeyligine ainaldy.

Jalpy islam men dәstýr bir-birin joqqa shygharmaydy. Otandyq dintanushy Elnar Berikbaev osy orayda: «Din men últtyq mәdeniyet bir-birimen qabysyp ketui shartty emes, últtyq dәstýr diny dogmattardy mansúqtamauy kerek. Al, diny dogmattar últtyq dәstýrge kereghar bolmaugha tiyis. Qazaq jerindegi qalyptasqan islamnyng eng basty ereksheligi jergilikti dәstýr jәne mәdeniyetpen qabysyp ketkendiginde», - degen sózine óz basym qosylam.

Bizge keregi, әriyne jana ósip kele jatqan jastarymyzgha keregi diny fanatizm emes, kerisinshe bir Allagha degen nyq senim. Dala tósinde últymyz qabylghan islamnyng ózindik ereksheligi diny fanatizmge boy aldyruynan tanylady. Osy diny fanatizmnen qazaqy ortadaghy adalyq dәl qazir 18 konfessiyanyng mamyrajay tirshilik keshuinen-aq tanyuymyzgha bolady. Konfessiya jәne últaralyq tatulyqty saqtauda din iyeleri de, biylik te kóp júmystar istedi desek, búl aitqanymyzdyng bәri aqiqattan alys ketkendik emes der edim. Dәstýr men din qazaq arasynda bite qaynasqan. Oghan dәlel elimizdegi músylman dinin ústanatyn qazaqtardyng basym kópshiligi hidjabqa qatysty óz qarsylyghyn bildirip jatqany naqty dәlel bolady.

Hidjab – Qazaqstanda dәstýrli kiyim emes. Songhy birneshe jyldyng ishinde qazaq qyzdary men әielderi osy kiyimdi kii kerek pe degen saual orys jәne qazaq tildi BAQ basty taqyryptarynyng birine ainaldy. Oghan din iyeleri de, dintanushy ghalymdar da birauyzdan hidjab eshqashan qazaq әielderining dәstýrli kiyimi bolghan emes degen jauap berdi. Islamdaghy tórt mazhabta әielder qauymynyng әsirese, túrmys qúrghandarynyng belgili bir dene bóligin syrt kózden tasalau ýshin jauyp jýrui sóz bolady. Qazaqta búl «hidjab» emes, «kiymeshek» dep atalady. KSRO dәuirinde «kiymeshek» kii dәstýrimizden aiyrylyp qaldyq. Ony tek qazir belgili bir mәdeny is-sharalarda әjeler ghana kiyetin әdet qalyptasty.

KSRO túmshalaghan temir shymyldyq kelmeske ketken son, dinge den qoyghan bauyrlarymyz Arab elderinde oqyp, diny bilim ala bastady. Jәne olar ózderimen birge sol elding diny ústanymdaryn әkep, jýrgen túrghan jerlerine tarata bastaghanda qazaq qoghamy biraz tosyrqap qalghany jasyryn emes. Keybir qyzyl belsendiler 1990 jyldardyng ortasynda qyzdar taqqan oramalmen kýresip, keybir jerlerde oramal taqqan qyzdardy mektepke kirgizbeu oryn alghany da jasyryn emes. Tarihy diny kiyim men әdettegi kiyim arasyndaghy aiyrmagha qatysty qazaq tarihshylary men mәdeniyettanushylary óz oilary men pikirlerimen bólisken tamasha maqalalar jariyalanyp júrttyng kónili ornyna týsti.

Qazaq jәne orys tilderinde «islam jәne kiyim» taqyrybyna telehabarlar týsirlip, elimizge belgili din jәne ziyaly qauym ókilderi óz pikirlerin ortagha salyp, óz oilarymen bólisti. Arab elderinen bizge jetip jaqtan aqparattar kóbine shyndyq emes, keybirde jalghandyqtyng jeli estip, jastardy sonyna ertip jeliktiretini jasyryn da emes. Islamnyng tarauyn din tarihynda beybit jolmen jәne soghyspen taralghanynan bek jaqsy bilemiz. Qazaq tarihynda islam beybit jolmen tarady jәne aruaqty kúrmet tútatyn nanym-senimimizben, jetisin beru, qyrqyn beru hәm jyldyq asyn beru syndy dәstýrimizben biteqaynasyp ketti.  Babalarymyz әlem músylmandarynyng 80% ústanatyn hanafizm jón dep tanyp, mәngige islam dinin qabyldady. Elimiz egemendik alghanda ateistik qoghamda tuyp ósken keybir qandastarymyz óz qaghynan jerip, ózge diny aghymdardyng sonyna ketip, basqa dindi qabylday bastady.

Dәstýrli emes dinder qazaq jerin basty. Tipti «2020 jyly Qazaqstan 80% hristian eline ainalady» degen pikirler el arasyna jayylyp, júrttyng sanasyn dýr silkindirgeni de jasyryp jabatyn fakti emes. Bizding kóz aldymyzda ótken tarihymyz. Qazaqtyng qaynaghan ortasyndaghy eldi mekenderding bәrindegi qazaq otbasylaryna Tәurәt taratylghan kezderdi de jaqsy bilemiz. Kóshede aldyndy keskestegen hristiandyq diny aghym iyeleri de qolymyzgha kitaptaryn tyqpalaghan ótpeli kezendi dinimizge daq týsirmey bastan keshtik. Dәstýrli islam qazaqpen qayta qauyshyp, marqúmdargha arnap jayylghan dastarhanymyzdan araq alastatyldy. Oraza men namaz ziyaly qauym men jastarymyzdyng basym kópshiligining ómir saltyna ainaldy.

Biraq ateistik tәrbiyeden últtyq aryluy ata-baba dinimen tabysuy jenil ótken joq. Bireuler – Tәnirshiler atansa, endi bireuler atap aitsaq, «Parasat maydany» baghdarlamasynyng jýrgizushisi Darhan Ábidik «Men ateistpin» dep jarsalushylyq oryn aldy. Keybir ónerpazdarymyz arabtyng diny dәstýrinen júbanysh izdedi. Biraq últymyzdyng basym kópshiligi dәstýrli qazaq islamyna adal bolyp qala berdi. Búl bizding kenestik dinsizdenu dәuirin artqa tastaghan ótpeli kezendegi shynayy tarihymyz. Búl turasynda tek tarihshylar ghana emes, dintanushylarda terenirek zerttep jazatyn bolady. Meniki óz kózimen kórgen sol tarihy dәuirdegi oqighalardy qalam úshyna iliktirip, jamaghatty bastan keshken dәuirimizben tanys etu. Sondyqtan din tarihyn últtan esh bóluge bolaydy. Qazaq bar jerde tarih bar. Tarih bar jerde din bar. Búl ekeui dәstýr siyaqty birin-biri joqqa shygharmaydy. Qazaqtyng aruaqqa senui úrpaq jalghastyghy ol shejiremizde de kórinis tapqan.

Patshalyq Resey qazaqtyng keybir ishki isine aralaspay, sharighat jolymen biylik jýrgizuine mýmkindik bergenin tarihtan jaqsy bilemiz. Al, KSRO kezinde jastarymyzgha diny jolmen neke qiigha, qajylyqqa barugha tyiym salyndy dese de bolady. Dinge senushilerge meshit salghyzbaghan faktiler oryn alghandyghy qazirgi dinmen besikte terbelip ósken úrpaqqa bir týrli kórinui de mýmkin. IYә, dәl qazir Qazaqstan zayyrly memleket bolyp tabylady. Iran men keybir arab elderi siyaqty teokrattyq memleket emespiz. Óitkeni, Tәuelsiz elimiz diny sharttardy emes, Zannyng ýstemdik qúruyn moyyndaydy. Memleket pen din bir-birinen bólingen.

Alysqa barmay kórshi ózbekting ru taratpaytyn bóligi, biz siyaqty rugha bólinetin týrkimender de, tipti naghyz arabtardyng ózderi de aghayyndy adamdardyng balalarynyng bir-birmen ýilenuine qarsylyq jasamaydy. Qazaqtar diny nanym-senimderimen qarama-qayshy kelmeytin tól dәstýrin kózining qarashyghynday saqtap, jeti atagha deyin qyz almau dәstýrin saqtap qaldy.

Býgingi tanda islam tarihynan habary joq jandar «Qazaqstandaghy islam qate», eng taza islam arab elderinde degen pikirding shyrmauyna ilinip qalatyny ókinishti.  Shynmen solay ma? Joq olay emes dep dintanushylarymyz búnday pikirdi ústanushylardyng talayyn óz rayynan qaytardy. Músylmandyqty qabyldau qazaqtyng memlekettik qúrylysyna әldebir týbegeyli ózgeris әkelgen joq. Din iyeleri memleketti basqarugha súltandarymyzben birge atsalysqan joq, tipti sot jýrgizuge de qatystyrylmady. Shәkәrim qajynyng «Qalqaman-Mamyr» poemasyndaghy jaqyn qaryndasyna ýilegen Qalqamannyng jazagha kesilui men Múhtar Áuezovting «Abay jolyndaghy» kelini Qamqagha ýilengen Qodargha kesilgen jazadan-aq, qazaqtyng islamgha deyingi sot isin qalay jýrgizgenine kuә bola alamyz.

Týrki halyqtary ishinde músylman sanalatyn әzerbayjandar men týrikter jylqy etin jemeydi. Qazaqtar kýni býginge deyin jylqy etin jep, qymyzyn iship keledi. Búdan bizding angharatynymyz islamdy qabyldaudyng últtyq ashanamyzgha esh әserin etpeui. Qazaqtar islamdy qabyldaghanda ony ózindik salt-dәstýrine ainaldyra bildi. Dinning boyynda últtyq birgeylik bolugha tiyis.

Mening búghan deyin aitqandarymynan qortyndylar oy týiinim. Qazaq pen Arab mәdeniyeti arasyndaghy erekshelik dep tym alysqa barmay-aq, Qazaq pen ózge Týrki halyqtary mәdeniyeti arasynda kóptegen aiyrmashylyqtar bar. Osy aiyrmashylyqtar bizding últtyq biregeyligimiz bolyp tabylady. Sol sebepti, týrikterde mynanday eken, arabtarda ananday eken dep radikaldy diny aghymdardyng jeteginde ketpey, barymyzdy bazarlaghanymyz jón. Qazaqtar Múhammed payghambardy Allanyng elshisi dep moyyndap, hadisterine den qoydy. Mine, osy moyyndau men den qoy kezinde ata-babalarymyz óz dәstýri men saltynan bas tartqan joq. Sol sebepti elimizdegi islamdy qate ústanu dep tarihtyng qoynauyna boylamay, syrttay ton pishe salushylyqtan kimde bolsa boyyn aulaq salghany jón der edim.

Islam dinin Ortalyq Aziya halyqtary, onyng ishinde qazaq arasyna taratushy seyitterding danyshpandyq sheshimi arqasynda últymyzdyng dәstýri men salty músylmandyqpen berik qabysyp, kýndelikti ómirimzge dendep endi. Ony kenestik dinge tyiym salushylyq ta joyyp jibere almady. Qúl Qoja Ahmet Yassauy ilimi óz tamyryn jayyp, Qasiyetti Týrkistan barsha elimizdegi músylmandardyng ziyarat eter ornyna ainaldy.

1 milliard 500 million múslmannyng 85-90% sýnnitter bolyp tabylady. Resey, Bay Ólke, Shynjandaghy qazaqtar da islamnan jerimen onymen qayyra qauyshti. Zertteushilerding bәri de islam men dәstýr berik sabaqtastyqta bolyp kelip, birin-biri tolyqtyrady dep oryndy týiindeuler jasaydy. 1990-shy jyldary Ortalyq Aziyanyng postkenestik elderinde Hanifa mazhaby ómir saltymyzgha endi. 1990 jyldyng 12 qantarynda Qazaqstan músylmandarynyng birinshi qúryltayy ótip, Qazaqstan músylmandarynyng diny basqarmasy (QMDB) qúrylyp, elimizde islam dini saltanat qúrdy.

Arnayy Abai.kz ýshin:

Áripjan Qojanúly, imam

Abai.kz