Men qazaq, qazaqpyn dep maqtanamyn,
Úrangha Alash degen atty alamyn.
Sýigenim – qazaq ómiri, ózim – qazaq,
Men nege qazaqtyqtan saqtanamyn?! –
dep S.Torayghyrov aitqan eken. Halqymyz jýrip ótken úzaq joldyng shejireli kýnderin, ata jadyna toqyghan talay taghylymdy isterdi bolashaq úrpaq sanasyna siniru, últjandylyqqa tәrbiyelep, ólke­ning oqyghan azamattaryn eske alyp, nasihattau, qasterleu – dәstýrimizge ainalghan.
Qazaq tarihynyng belesti asularynyng biri – Alash qozghalysy. Býkil qazaq dalasyn azattyq iydeya­syna júmyldyrghan. Búl úly qozghalystyng tarihy men taghylymy uaqyt ótken sayyn aiqyndalyp keledi. Alash qayratkerleri últty últ etetin talay-ta­lay sharuany bastaghany, jolgha salghany belgili. Býgingi egemendigimizdin, tәuelsizdigimizding tarihynda Alash atyn aspandatqan arystarymyzdyng ýlesi orasan jәne dәleldeudi qajet etpeytini aqiqat. Olar keler úrpaqqa qiynnan qiyp jol salyp, erkin­dikting otyn óshpestey etip tútatyp ketti. Býgingi tәuelsizdigimizding irgetasy, bastauy – osy Alash arys­tary: Álihan Bókeyhan, Ahmet Baytúrsynúly, Jahansha Dosmúhamedov, Halel Dosmúhamedov, Mirjaqyp Dulatov, Maghjan Júmabaev, t.b. edi. Aq tumen kótergen tegeuringe bergisiz batyl, memleketshil jәne otandyq iydeyasy bolatyn. Alash qayratkerleri atqarghan tarihy mindetting zor manyzy da osynda.

Men qazaq, qazaqpyn dep maqtanamyn,
Úrangha Alash degen atty alamyn.
Sýigenim – qazaq ómiri, ózim – qazaq,
Men nege qazaqtyqtan saqtanamyn?! –
dep S.Torayghyrov aitqan eken. Halqymyz jýrip ótken úzaq joldyng shejireli kýnderin, ata jadyna toqyghan talay taghylymdy isterdi bolashaq úrpaq sanasyna siniru, últjandylyqqa tәrbiyelep, ólke­ning oqyghan azamattaryn eske alyp, nasihattau, qasterleu – dәstýrimizge ainalghan.
Qazaq tarihynyng belesti asularynyng biri – Alash qozghalysy. Býkil qazaq dalasyn azattyq iydeya­syna júmyldyrghan. Búl úly qozghalystyng tarihy men taghylymy uaqyt ótken sayyn aiqyndalyp keledi. Alash qayratkerleri últty últ etetin talay-ta­lay sharuany bastaghany, jolgha salghany belgili. Býgingi egemendigimizdin, tәuelsizdigimizding tarihynda Alash atyn aspandatqan arystarymyzdyng ýlesi orasan jәne dәleldeudi qajet etpeytini aqiqat. Olar keler úrpaqqa qiynnan qiyp jol salyp, erkin­dikting otyn óshpestey etip tútatyp ketti. Býgingi tәuelsizdigimizding irgetasy, bastauy – osy Alash arys­tary: Álihan Bókeyhan, Ahmet Baytúrsynúly, Jahansha Dosmúhamedov, Halel Dosmúhamedov, Mirjaqyp Dulatov, Maghjan Júmabaev, t.b. edi. Aq tumen kótergen tegeuringe bergisiz batyl, memleketshil jәne otandyq iydeyasy bolatyn. Alash qayratkerleri atqarghan tarihy mindetting zor manyzy da osynda.
Elbasy N.Nazarbaev ózining «Tarih tolqynynda» kitabynyng «Alash múrasy jәne osy zaman» atty tarauynda: «HH ghasyrdyng basynda últtyq birlikti nyghaytu iydeyasyn algha tartqan ruhaniy-zerdeli iygi jaqsylar qazaqtyng últtyq iydeyasyn jasau mindetin óz moynyna aldy. Olar qoghamnyng týrli tarabynan shyqqandar, әri eng aldymen, dәstýrli dala aqsýiekte­rining ókilderi edi. HH ghasyrdyng basyndaghy qazaq qoghamynda ziyaly qauymnyng qalyptasuy, úrpaqtar estafetasy siyaqty sipaty bolghanyn atap aitqan abzal» – dep kórsetken bolatyn.
Alashtyng asyl amanaty bizge tarihiy-mәdeny biregeyligimizdi, qarapayym tilmen aitsaq, qazaqy qalpymyzdy qasiyettep saqtaugha mindetteydi.
Óshkenimizdi jaghyp, joghalghanymyzdy tauyp, úmyt­qanymyzdy janghyrtyp, tarihymyzdy týgen­dep jatqan janaru kezenderinde keshegi kýni, tipti, esimderin eske alugha, attaryn ataugha bolmaytyn Alashtyng arystary ortamyzgha oralyp otyr. Qan­sha­ma babalarymyz bostandyq jolynda kýreske shyghyp, «últshyl, halyq jauy» atandy. Búl kezende sayasy kýres sahnasyna Reseyding asa ýlken ghylymi, sayasy ortalyqtarynda bilim alghan, sol kezendegi Europadaghy sayasy kýresting betalys, baghdarlarynan әbden habardar, ekonomika, medisina, qúqyq tarihy men teoriyasyn tereng mengergen qazaq ziyalylarynyng ozyq oily toby shyqty. Olar qazaq elining Europa memleketterimen salystyrghanda ekonomikalyq, sayasi, әleumettik, mәdeny túrghysy­nan óte artta qalghandyghy Resey patsha ýkimetining otarlyq sayasatynyng әserinen ekenin tolyq týsindi. Sondyqtan, qazaq halqyn ózge damyghan memleket­ter­ding qataryna qosu ýshin bilim alyp, ózge memleketterding sayasiy-qoghamdyq, әleumettik-ekonomikalyq damuyna yqylas qoya otyryp, qazaq halqyn osynday dengeyge jetkizu ýshin sayasiy-kýres arenasyna shyqty.
HH ghasyr basyndaghy últymyzdyng alyptarynyng qazaq әlemine shoq júldyzdarday jarqyrap shyghuy –­ eldegi sayasi, әleumettik-ekonomikalyq jaghday­lar­men tyghyz baylanysty bolatyn. Sol tayghanaqty tar jol, tayghaq keshude óz ómirlerin, qasiyetti jolda bastaryn qúrbandyqqa shaldy. «Alash tuy astynda, kýn sóngenshe sónbeytin» ayauly túlghalar – Alash ziyalylary edi.
Ár halyqtyng tarihynda esimi mәngi óshpestey el jadynda saqtalatyn tarihy túlghalar bolady. Sonday birtuar túlghalar, halqynyng ayauly perzent­teri bizde de barshylyq.
Alash qozghalysynyng kórnekti qayratkeri, dәri­ger, ústaz, ghalym, tarihshy, tabighattanushy, әde­biyettanushy, auyz әdebiyetining siyrek ýlgilerin jinap, nasihattaushy, audarmashy, «Alash» partiyasyn qúrushylardyng biri – H.Dosmúhamedov edi.
Osyghan oray, Atyrau oblystyq tarihiy-ólke­tanu múrajayynda biylghy jyly qogham qay­rat­keri, dәriger, ústaz, ghalym Halel Dosmúhamedov­tyng tughanyna 130 jyl toluyna oray jәne sayasy qughyn-sýrgin qúrbandaryn eske alu kýnine kórme jasaqtalyp, mәdeny shara ótti.
Kórmeden múrajay qorynda saqtalghan H.Dos­mú­ha­medúlynyng ómiri men qyzmetining negizgi kezen­derinen syr shertetin fotosuretter men tarihy qújattar oryn aldy.
Sonday-aq, Alash qozghalysynyng qarqyndy jýruine erekshe enbek sinirgen, tipti, onyng dýniyege keluine atsalysqan birqatar túlghalardyng esimderi aragidik bolmasa, óz dengeyinde aitylmay da, baghalanbay da kele jatqanyna nazar audaruymyz qa­jet.
Sol zamannyng ozyq oily ziyalylarymen syrlas bolghan, H.Dosmúhamedovtyng qúrdasy, ólke­miz­den shyqqan alghashqy mal dәrigeri – Ghúbaydolla Esqaliyúly Ber­diyevting tughanyna da 130 jyl tolyp otyr. Ol Atyrau oblysy, Mahambet audany, Aqjayyq auylynda 1883 jyly dýniyege kelgen. Mýsirәlining Esqaly degen balasynan Ghúbaydolla ómirge keledi. Mýsirәlining túnghysh balasy – Dosjan Berdiyev (1841-1914) Jәngir ashqan tórt jyldyq mektepti, keyin Orynbordaghy Nepluev atyndaghy jeti jyldyq kadet korpusynda oqidy. Oqudy bitirgen song arnauly joldamamen Guriev uezine audarmashy bolyp júmysqa jiberiledi. Ol inisi Ghúbaydollany tәrbiyelep, sauatyn ashugha kómek­tesedi. Jastayynan zerek Ghúbaydolla Esboldyng «Qyzyl ýi» atalatyn eki klasty orys-qazaq mek­te­bin bitirip, Oraldyng realdyq uchiliyshesine Alash orda kósemderining biri, H.Dosmúhamedovpen birge oqugha týsip, 1902 jyly bitirip shyghady. Sol kezde, 1903 jyly H.Dosmúhamedov Sankt-Peter­burg­­tegi әskeriy-dәrigerlik akademiyasyna, al Gh.Ber­diyev Qazan uniyversiytetining mal dәrigerlik fakulitetine týsedi. Studenttik jyldarynda qarym-qatynas­ta­ryn ýzbey, demalystarynda birge jýrip, tyghyz baylanysta bolghan.
Ghúbaydolla 1905 jyly 9-qantarda Qazanda ótken studentter ereuiline qatysqany ýshin oqudan shygharylyp, keyin oquyn qaytadan jalghastyrghan. 1908 jyly oquyn ayaqtap, mal dәrigeri bop elge oralyp, ólkemizdegi alghashqy qazaq mal dәriger­leri­ning biri boldy.
Guriev uezindegi Sokolinsk kentinde Jylyoy eldi-mekenindegi Simberti, Qaratóbe Blank, Qa­ra­bayly, Jarshyq bolystarynda 1917 jylgha deyin Guriev uezdik bas mal dәrigeri bolyp qyzmet atqa­rady.
Mal dәrigerlik qyzmet kórsetu beketin saldyryp, alghash ret Atyrau ónirinde ghylymy negizde mal dәrigerlik qyzmet kórsetuding negizin qalady. Qyz­met babymen kóbinese el aralap, auyldargha kelip, maldy baghyp kýtu, mal arasyndaghy júqpaly aurulardan saqtandyru, aldyn alu sharalary turaly maqala jazyp otyrghan.
Gh.Berdiyev 1917 jyly 21-26 shildede Orynborda ótken jalpy qazaq sezine Oral oblysynan ókil bolyp qatysady. 1918 jyly tamyzda Alash partiyasynyng Batys aimaqtyq sezi ótip, aimaqtyq basqaru komiyteti tóraghalyghyna belgili zanger Jahansha Dosmúhamedov, orynbasarlyghyna Halel Dosmúhamedov saylanady. Olar Batys Qazaqstan­nyng әr jerinde Alashtyng jergilikti audandyq ko­miy­tetterin qúra bastady. Osynday jergilikti komiytet 1918 jyldyng kýzinde Qyzylqogha, Oiyl ónirinde qúrylyp, Halelding tikeley shaqyruymen Ghúbaydolla uezdik mal dәrigerlik júmysyn tastap, Atyrau oblysynyng Qyzylqogha audanynda bolystyq qyz­met atqarghan. Ol 1922 jyly 39 jasynda qaytys bolady.
Ghúbaydolla kórmey ketken býkil qazaqtyng betke ústar ziyaly azamattaryn, olardyng tughan-tuysqandaryn jappay qughyn-sýrginge salghan, 1936-1938 jyldardaghy repressiyany onyng tughan inisi Jaylash kórdi. Ózine tóngen qauipti aldyn ala sezip, aghasynyng kóptegen qoljazbalaryn, maqala­laryn, is-qaghazdary men suretterin kiyizge orap, dalagha tyghyp tastaghan. Al úrpaqtaryna keletin bolsaq, Ghúbaydolladan Janiha, Múhtar, Sofiya atty úl-qyzdary dýniyege kelgen.
Janiha 1990 jyly 79 jasynda qaytys boldy. Al úly Múhtar 1916 jyly tughan. 1937 jyly Guriev (Atyrau) peduchiliyshesin bitirip, №16 auyl «Tegisshil» orta mektebinde múghalim, keyin mektep diyrektory bolyp jýrip, 1942 jyly sәuirde soghysqa ketip oralmady. Múhtardan úrpaq qalghan joq.
Sofiya peduchiliysheni bitirip, 1946 jylgha deyin Dos­sor poselkesindegi qazaq orta mektebinde múgha­lim bolyp, 1949 jyly úzaq nauqastan qaytys bolady.
Alash úldarynyng tughan halqy – qazaq ýshin qayys­pay, qaysarlyqpen, qajyrlyqpen jasaghan enbeginin, kýresining nәtiyjesi, jemisi. Aqtyq demi tausylghansha Alashqa qyzmet etudi altyn basynan joghary qoyghan ziyalylardyng ómir joly men qyzmeti, bir-birine adaldyghy men el ýshin etken en­begi әrbir qazaq balasyna ólmes ónege. Olardyng eshbiri bolashaqta ataq pen danqqa bólenu ýshin emes, «Alash» ýshin ayanbayyq degen ayauly azamattar. Olardyng әrbirin dәripteu men qúrmetteu - Tәuelsiz­dikke, qazaq halqyna degen sheksiz qúrmet ekeni haq. Sondyqtan býgingi jas úrpaqtyng otansýigishtigi men eljandylyq sezimin qalyptastyryp, tarih aqtandaqtaryn úmytpaugha tәrbiyeleu – bizding múra­jaydyng algha qoyghan negizgi maqsattarynyng biri.
Býginde Atyrau oblystyq tarihiy-ólketanu múrajayy qorynda Gh.Berdiyevting Qazan vete­rinarlyq institutyn bitirgendigi jónindegi diplomy jәne sabaq ýlgerimi turaly kuәlik kóshirmesi, jeke fotosureti jәne onyng úrpaqtarynyng fo­to-s­uret­teri, zattay búiymy, kilemshesi saqtalghan. Búl jәdigerleri uaqytsha kórmelerden oryn alyp, esimin jas úrpaqqa nasihattau ýshin tarihiy-ta­ghy­lym­dyq sabaqtar barysynda paydalanylyp keledi. Sonday-aq, bolashaqta Gh.Berdiyevting esimin el esinde saqtau ýshin tughan jerinde eldi-mekenge ne­mese mektep, kóshe atauyna esimi berilse, búl keyingi úrpaqtyng kórsetken qúrmeti bolar edi.
Sózimding qorytyndysyn Á.Bókeyhannyng myna qanatty sózimen ayaqtaghym keledi: «Ár úrpaq ózine artqan jýkti jeter jerine aparyp tastauy kerek». Agha úrpaq ózderine artqan jýkti jeter jerine tolyq apardy. Alashtyng atymen úly is bastaghan onyng qay túlghasy da qúrmet pen marapatqa әbden layyq. Bizding qúrmetimiz ben marapatymyzdyng belgisi – olardyng últ aldyndaghy enbekterin baghalau, ony úrpaqtyng ruhany uyzyna ainaldyru. Búl – ózimizding últtyq sanamyzdy qalyptastyru, el aldyndaghy perzenttik paryzymyzdy oryndau, úrpaghymyzgha úlaghat darytu bolmaq. Basty mindet Qazaqstandy aldynghy elderding qataryna qosyp, tәuelsizdigimizding túghyrly boluyna ýles qosu. Tariyhqa taghzym, ótkenge ghibadat – Otangha, tughan jer­ge degen qúrmet. Alashordalyqtardyng úly jol­da­ghy arqalaghan amanat jýginin, halqyna jasaghan qayy­rymdy isining jalghastyrushysy – Sizder men bizder.

Aygýl Ramazanova,
Atyrau oblystyq tarihiy-ólketanu
múrajayynyng ghylymy qyzmetkeri.
"Qazaq әdebiyeti" gazeti