Quandyq Shamahayúly. Din apiyn ba?
Shyn mәninde, payda bolghan kezinen bastap býginge deyin ózining tylsym syryn jan balasyna ashpaghan, ghylymy týrde terendep tanyp, týbine jetuge mýmkindik bermegen jalghyz nysan bolsa, ol – din salasy shyghar. Qazirgidey arab tilin shala-sharpy biletinder dintanushygha ainalghan zamanda men de oghan kózdi júmyp qoyyp ketuden aulaqpyn. Desek te, ýnsiz qalugha bolmaytyn ahual qoghamda tuyndap otyrghandyqtan publisist retinde eriksiz auyz ashugha mәjbýrsin. Meyli, ol qate bolsa da, «óz sózim ózimdiki» (Abay).
Shyn mәninde, payda bolghan kezinen bastap býginge deyin ózining tylsym syryn jan balasyna ashpaghan, ghylymy týrde terendep tanyp, týbine jetuge mýmkindik bermegen jalghyz nysan bolsa, ol – din salasy shyghar. Qazirgidey arab tilin shala-sharpy biletinder dintanushygha ainalghan zamanda men de oghan kózdi júmyp qoyyp ketuden aulaqpyn. Desek te, ýnsiz qalugha bolmaytyn ahual qoghamda tuyndap otyrghandyqtan publisist retinde eriksiz auyz ashugha mәjbýrsin. Meyli, ol qate bolsa da, «óz sózim ózimdiki» (Abay).
Jaratylys zandylyqtaryn zertteuge kelgende qamshy saldyrmaytyn fiziyk-ghalymdardyng ózi kvant teoriyasynyng arghy shegine baryp, endi «ólim», «taghdyr», «tәnnen shyghyp, mәngi ghúmyr keshetin jan», «o dýniyege ótip, ózge efirge auysu ýrdisi» degenge kelgende tyghyryqqa tirelip qalady. Biraq, onysyn moyyndap jatqan jaratylystanushylar joq. Bar aitatyn syltaulary «ary qaray múny filosoftar, jazushylar, kórkem óner ókilderi qarastyruy tiyis» dep op-onay qútyla salu ghana. Aqyry, ne boldy? «Osylay shyghar, búlay boluy yqtimal» degen anghal úghym, soqyr senim, qala berdi esek dәmening arbauymen syrttan tanylghan jat dinning jetegine erip, soqyr senimge negizdelgen jalghan iydeologiyanyng qúrbany bolugha kәdikpiz. Ony tura joldaghy aqiqat dep qabyldap adasushylyqtyng saldarynan qoghamda jankeshtilerding boy kórsete bastauy býgingi kýnning qasiretine ainalyp otyr. Keybir jastarymyz Siriyagha baryp soghysqa qatysatynday bastaryna ne kýn tudy? Eng ýlken adasushylyq ta býgingi tanda dәl osy bolyp túrghany belgili.
Adamzat tarihynyng buyryl tartqan betterin paraqtap, oghan múqiyat kóz jýgiritsek, shet júrttyng jat pighylmen әdeyi jýrgizip otyrghan әreketterining astaryna ýnilmesten tikeley qabylday salyp, esh bas qatyrmastan ishki iydeologiyagha ainaldyrghan, ony strategiyalyq baghyty etken, keyin sol nadandyqtarynyng kesirin tartyp, onbay útylghan júrt qanshama.
Ótken qoghamdyq formasiya bizge «din – apiyn» dep nasihat aitty. Biraq, onyng ornyn «marksizm-leninizm» atty iydeologiyalarymen almastyrghylary kelgenimen, eshbir qazaq shyn ateyst bolyp ketken joq. Dәl býgingi kýni dinning ózi bolmasa da onyng týrli aghymdarynyn, san aluan sektalarynyn apiyn ekendigine kóz jetkize bastaghan sekildimiz. Diny dogma ústanym men shekten shyqqan fanatizmning ruhany soqyrlyqqa jeteleytindigin qazirden bastap jastardyng sanasyna sinirmesek, kesh qalatyn týrimiz bar.
Imanday shynymyzdy aitsaq, kenes dәuirindegi jetpisten asa jylda qazaq qoghamy týrli diny aghymdar, sansyratqan sektalardan aulaq bolghandyghynyng arqasynda qazirgi zaman ghylymy men tehnika-tehnologiyasyn tanyp, órkeniyetke beyimdelgen shygharmyz. Áriyne, kommunizm iydeologiyasynda utopiyalyq baghyttar kóp boldy. Kenestik imperiya da bizdi tonau, qyru jaghynan kelgende ayanyp qalghan joq. Degenmen, qansha jerden toqyraushylyqqa úshyradyq, qaryshtap damyp kete almadyq desek te belgili dәrejede damudyn, ilgerileuding bolghanyn joqqa shyghara almaspyz.
Sosializmmen auyrmaghan, kommunistik iydeologiyamen ulanbaghan Afrika, Shyghys Aziya, Latyn Amerikasynyng keybir elderimen salystyryp kórsek, ózimizding iman tarazdau ekendigimizdi angharamyz. Soghan qaraghanda ótken jetpis jylymyzgha ólerdey qarghys aityp, jeti atasyn jeldey kóshire sybaudyng da qajeti shamaly sekildi kórinedi, keyde. Ásirese, ótken ghasyrdyng toqsanynshy jyldary Aqmola oblysynda taramay saqtalyp qalghan jalghyz sovhoz «Rodina» auylyn kórgende «eger eldegi barlyq kensharlar men újymsharlardy osylay saqtap qalghanda ghoy» dep barmaqty tistey jazdaysyn. «Gýldense auyl, gýldenemiz bәrimiz» dep olar kezinde qúr bosqa әndetpegen sekildi.
Songhy jiyrma jylda iri qalalardyng shet jaqtarynda sәn týzep, boy kótergen at tóbelindey azghana jana baylardyng zәulim saraylary men jat júrttyng auqattylarynan bizding aqylymyzgha syimaytyn mol aqshagha satyp alghan pәlen degen araldaghy villalaryn kórgende «osynyng bәri tәuelsizdikting arqasy, tәuba» deuge auzyng barmaydy. Onday esepsiz baylyq pen sәn-saltanat naryqtyq ekonomikalyq qatynastaghy adal enbekpen, demokratiyalyq saylaudaghy әdil bәsekemen bireulerding basyna baq bolyp qona qaldy degenge de senbeysin.
Jetpis jyldan astam qúrsaulansa da jadymyzdan óshpegen dәstýrli dinimizge erkindik berilip edi, týrli sektalar men kýmәndi aghymdar da ere keldi. Onday keri ketken diny aghymdar sanany ulaushy apiyn ghana emes, aqshamen aldap shaqyryp alyp, keyin basyndaghy jalghyz ýiinen aiyryp, qanghytyp jiberetin kólenkeli biznesting de soraqy bir týri bolyp shyqty. Onymen qoymay qyz-qyrqyndar bet-auyzdaryn túmshalaghan qara hidjab jamylyp, úldarymyz eki balaqty short kesip, shoqsha saqal ósirip әuire-sarsangha týsti. Eki sózining biri «mәshallah» pen «әlhamdýllә»-dan túrghanymen ata-dәstýrden at-tondaryn ala qashatyn oghash qylyq tapty. Múnday mazmúnsyz formanyng sony úshpaqqa shygharmaytynyna endi kózimiz jete bastaghanday. Hidjab kiygenimen olardyng bәri perishte bolyp ketkeni joq. Kerisinshe, sol sholaq balaqtylar men hidjab kiygenderding arasynda zinaqorlyqtyng órship ketkenin, sharighat jolymen neke qidyrghan bolyp, birer aidan song ýsh mәrte «talaq» dep tastap kete beretin opasyzdyqtyng beleng alghany qogham tarapynan qatty syngha alynyp jatyr.
Bilim men ghylym salasynda jasalghan neshe týrli reforma XX ghasyrda jetken jetistikterimizdi tәrki etip, barymyzdan aiyrugha shaq qalghandyghynyng saldarynan jaqsy men jamandy aiyrugha dәrmensiz jastar, aqshanyng jolynda eshteneden tayynbaytyn jalmauyz jasamystar payda boldy. Jogharydaghy kelensizding týp tamyry ainalyp kelgende biliksizdikke baryp tireledi. Kereghar kórinisterding bәrine de syrttan kýshtep tanylghan týrli iydeyalyq ústanymdardyng eleuli yqpaly bar. Tәuelsizdikting 23 jylynda din salasynda ghana emes sayasi-ekonomika, әleumettik damudyng barlyghyna kóldeleng kók attylardyng kósemsip bergen «aqyl-kenesterinin» tiygizgen zardaptary aita bersek tausylmas bir hikaya.
Qarapayym qazaq ýshin býgingi problema atauly shashetekten. Búrynghyday olardyng shaghymyn tyndaytyn, bireulerden kórgen qorlyghyna arasha týsetin úiym-mekeme atauly joqtyng qasy. Tym qúryghynda, esh negizsiz júmysynan aiyrghaly jatsa, ara týsip, alyp qalatyn búrynghyday kәsip odaqtar da qazir is jýzinde kelmeske ketken. Sondyqtan, bir Jaratushydan ghana medet súrap, dinge jýginbeske ózge amaldary joq. «Sengen qoyym sen bolsan, kýisegen auzyndy úrayyn» demekshi, kónilge medeu bolatyn dinning ornyn sektalar men jat aghymdar bassa, odan ne ýmit, ne qayyr!
Eger halyq senim-nanymynan aiyrylyp, barlyghynan ýmit ýzer bolsa, ol býkil qoghamnyn, últtyng kýireuine әkeletin, jalma jan dabyl qagharlyq qauipti qúbylys. Shet elden әdeyi «eksporttalyp» әkelingen diny aghymdar jastardyng sanasyn ulap, salt-dәstýrden, últtyq qúndylyqtardan bezdiruge jan talasa tyrysyp jatyr. Oq atpay otarlaudyng tәsilin asqan zúlymdyqpen paydalanyp, birtútas últty ishten iritip, san týrli topqa bóludi kózdeui olardyng shyn mәninde diny aghym ghana emes naghyz týp tamyrymyzgha balta shabatyn apiyn ekendigin aighaqtap otyr.
Apiyn qoldanghan adam ulanyp esengireytinin, biraz uaqyt ainalasynda ne bolyp jatqanyn sezuden qalatynyn, aldamshy saghymnyng jeteginde qalatynyn eskersek, diny aghymdar men sektalargha arbalghan jandardyng da bastan keshetin jaylary osyghan úqsas kórinedi. Olay bolsa, aghymdar men sektalardyng zardabyn qogham ýshin esirtkiden kem deuge kele me?!
Karl Marks 1843 jyly jazghan «Gegelding qúqyqtyq filosofiyasyna syn» degen enbeginde dinning saldaryn halyqty ulandyratyn apiyngha tenegen edi. Bәlkim, búl jerde qazirgi diny aghymdardy aldyn ala boljap, menzegen bolar. Negizi, múnday teneudi Markstan da búryn jazushy Markiz de Sad «Djulietta» (1797) atty romanynda qoldanghanyn zertteushiler әldeqashan mәlimdegen. Alayda, ol jerde әngime din turaly ghana emes. Romannyng bas keyipkeri Ferdinand degen әiel at tóbelindey biyleushi toptyng halyqtyng ayanyshty halin patshadan jasyryp, ony aldap-arbau ýshin neshe týrli qiytúrqy әreketterge baryp jýrgendigin synaghanda olardy esirtkige tenegen.
Álgi roman keyipkerining «Tabighat ana bizge tausylmas mol baylyq syilaghanymen sening halqyng ólmesting kýnin kórip otyr. Alayda, olar jalqaulyghynan, jatypisherliginen emes, senderding jýrgizgen sayasattarynnyng saldarynan mýshkil halge tap boldy. Qiytúrqy sayasattarynnyng kesirinen halyqtyng sanasy túmshalandy, qyruar baylyqqa jetetin joldary jabyldy. Halyq sansyrap әlsizdengen sayyn sender bayyghan ýstine shalqyp, kýsheyip kelesinder. Esesine sender shyndyqtan ólerdey qorqasyndar. Halyq osy shyndyqty bilip qoymasa eken dep jandaryng qalmay ýreylenip, telegey teniz bilimdilikti, tanghajayyp daryn-qabilettilikti elden bezdirip, syrtqa teuip jatyrsyndar. Osy qorqynyshtaryng arqyly qaranghylyq pen nadandyqty astyrtyn qoldap kelesinder. Júrt oilanbasyn, esh nәrsege bas qatyrmasyn, bizding bylyq-shylyghymyzdy kórip, tanyp qoymasyn dep halyqtyng sanasyn «apiynmen» ulandyryp otyrsyndar. Naghyz bilim men shyn danalyq eshkimge kerek bolmay qaluy, biliktilerding algha úmtylys jasamauy, taghdyrdyng jazghanyna moyynsynuy tek senderge paydaly bolyp túr» - dep, patshagha aitatyn jeri bar. 1797 jyly Batysta jaryq kórgen romandaghy osy jaghday býgingi әlemde әli ómir sýrip jatqanday kórinedi.
Dindi apiyngha tenep, ony ýstem toptyng ózine qolayly qarugha ainaldyratyndyghyn synaghan oilar Markstan da búryn bolghanyn jalghyz osy roman ghana emes, german aqyny Novalisting «Gýldegi shang tozan» (1798j) atty ghahliyalyq jinaghynda da aitylatyndyghyn әdebiyettanushylar kezinde erekshe atap kórsetken. Keyin ol oidy Lenin de jalghystyryp, «Sosializm jәne din» atty enbeginde Marksty qaytalap «din – apiyn» dep tújyrymdaghany mәlim.
Áriyne, búl jerde men jetpis jyldan astam uaqytta ózin aqtay almaghan, býginde әldeqashan ómir sýruin toqtatqan marksizmdi dәriptep otyrghan joqpyn. Degenmen, demokratiyalyq ashyq qoghamda diny jәne senim-nanym bostandyghymyzdy týrli alasapyran aghymdar men sektalardyng arbauyna tәrki etpesek degendi ghana aitqym keledi.
Qazirgi órkeniyet pen tehnologiyalyq damudyng kilti diny fanatizmge bas úrghan elderding qolynda ma, әlde, zayyrly demokratiyalyq qúndylyqty ornyqtyrghan memleketterde me? Áriyne, tereng bilim men ozyq tehnologiya ghana kez kelgen eldi úshpaqqa shygharatyny dәleldeudi qajet etpeytin aksioma.
Olay bolsa, últtyq qúndylyqtarymyzdyng bәrin joqqa shygharugha tyrysyp «shirk», «serik qosu» taghy berdemeler deytinder, tehnologiyalyq jetistikterding ózin ysyryp tastap, júrtty orta ghasyrlyq feodalizmge qaray keri búryp әketu ýshin janúshyratyn qara jelek jamylghandar men sholaq balaqty shoqsha saqaldylar taratyp jýrgen «apiyn» ataulydan eng aldymen jastardy saqtandyrayyq.
Abai.kz