Tólen Ábdik: Bizding biyliktegiler shaytannyng da odaghyna kirip ketedi...
Jazushy, Memlekettik syilyqtyng laureaty, kóp jyldar lauazymdy qyzmetter atqarghan Tólen Ábdik myrzamen tarihshy ghalym Júmamúrat Shәmshining әngimesin oqyrman nazaryna úsynyp otyrmyz. Ekuara әngime Elbasymyzdyng biylghy joldauynan bastap órbip, Ukrainadaghy ahual men euraziyalyq odaqtyng jay-japsaryn sholady. Qazaqstannyng orysshyl ókimetin syngha alghan qalamger bir sózinde: «Biyliktegilerding deni qazaqsha bilmeytin ruhsyz bolghannan son, erteng balalarynyng bolashaghyna alandap orysshadan aiyrylmay otyr. Olardyng boyynda ýrey bar, erteng el basyna qazaqtildi basshy kelse, barlyq memlekettik iygilikterden qúr qalamyz dep oilaydy. Olargha salsan, «lәbbay, taqsyr» degennen әri aspaydy. Aqsha men lauazymdy qyzmet bersen, shaytannyng da odaghyna kirip ketedi», - dep ashynady.
- Tólen agha, juyrdaghy Elbasynyng 18-shy joldauynan ne týidiniz?
Jazushy, Memlekettik syilyqtyng laureaty, kóp jyldar lauazymdy qyzmetter atqarghan Tólen Ábdik myrzamen tarihshy ghalym Júmamúrat Shәmshining әngimesin oqyrman nazaryna úsynyp otyrmyz. Ekuara әngime Elbasymyzdyng biylghy joldauynan bastap órbip, Ukrainadaghy ahual men euraziyalyq odaqtyng jay-japsaryn sholady. Qazaqstannyng orysshyl ókimetin syngha alghan qalamger bir sózinde: «Biyliktegilerding deni qazaqsha bilmeytin ruhsyz bolghannan son, erteng balalarynyng bolashaghyna alandap orysshadan aiyrylmay otyr. Olardyng boyynda ýrey bar, erteng el basyna qazaqtildi basshy kelse, barlyq memlekettik iygilikterden qúr qalamyz dep oilaydy. Olargha salsan, «lәbbay, taqsyr» degennen әri aspaydy. Aqsha men lauazymdy qyzmet bersen, shaytannyng da odaghyna kirip ketedi», - dep ashynady.
- Tólen agha, juyrdaghy Elbasynyng 18-shy joldauynan ne týidiniz?
- Shynyn aitsam, Elbasynyng dәstýrli joldauy jylda joldanyp jatqannan keyin be nauqanshylyqqa úlasuda. Óitkeni, respublikamyzdaghy barlyq memlekettik organdarda Elbasynyng joldauyn ýgittep-nasihattau ýrdiske ainalghaly qay zaman. Sol ýgit-nasihattardyng eldi yghyr qylghany sonshalyqty, joldaudyng әngimesin tyndaugha kelgen júrttyng úiqysy kelip otyrady. Sebebi, joldauda jazylghan talaptardyng basym kópshiligi oryndalmaytynyn qazir jas bala da biledi. Osy kýni bos sóz kimge kerek? Sondyqtan qysyr әngime aitudyng qajeti joq. Endi oghan kelip bayaghy kók týrikting «Mәngilik el» degenin qosypty.
«Amerikany ashudyn» nemese «velosiyped oilap tabudyn» mýldem qajeti joq. Óitkeni, bizge deyin adamzat balasy evolusiyalyq damudyng arqasynda órkeniyetke qadam basty. Kim jabayy bolmady desenshi, kez kelgen halyqtyng tarihyna ýnilsen, barlyghy uaqyt óte kele damydy. Jylda joldaudy jolday bergenshe, halyqty júmyspen qamtamasyz etu, olardyng әleumettik ahualyn әl-auqatyn kóteru manyzdyraq bolar edi dep oilaymyn. Ózining baspanasy joq, bireuding pәterin jaldap túratyn, qaltasynda aqshasy joq, qarny ash adamgha joldaudyng kók tiyngha keregi bar ma?..
- Byltyrghy jyldyng qarasha aiynda (23 júldyzy) «Halyq ókilderining qúryltayy» degen atpen jiyn ótti. Sol qúryltay turaly ne aitasyz? Osy kýni el ishi biylikting tausylyp bitpeytin baghdarlamalarynan sharshap, naqty iydeyalar men jýzege asuy yqtimal әreketterge kónil audara bastaghan siyaqty ma, qalay?
- Memlekettik til tóniregindegi әngime qozghalsa, Múhtar Shahanovty aitamyz, óitkeni kóp jyldardan beri búl mәselemen Múhtar ainalysyp jýr. Jalpy, qazaq tili turaly әngime óte kóp. Qazaq tili bala baqshadan bastap mektepte jәne jogharghy oqu oryndarynan bastap jogharghy memlekettik qyzmette qalay qoldanylyp, qalay oryndaluy kerek degen problemalar shash-etekten. Ózge últ ókilderine qalay ýiretu qajet? Oqulyqtar men materialdyq-әdistemelik qúral jabdyqtarymyz qay dengeyde? Alayda, mәselening bәrin bir jerge ýie bergennen týk ónbeydi. Memlekettik tildi óz túghyryna qondyrsaq, qalghan problemalar ózinen-ózi sheshiledi. 2006 jyly Reseyde orys tili turaly zang qabyldandy. Álgi zanda shet elderde orys tilin ýiretu kurstaryna deyin oilastyrylghan. Atalghan zang qazir tym jaqsy júmys istep túr. Býgingi RF biyligi orys tilin damytugha qyruar qarjy shyghyndap otyr. Bizge auaday qajet zan, mine, osynday – zan.
Qúryltaygha keletin bolsaq, ol óte asyghystyqpen ótti. Ony úiymdastyrghan eshkim tanymaytyn ýsh jigit eken. Meninshe, sol ýsh jigitti de Aq orda dayyndap jibergenge qatty úqsaydy. Ózderin eshkim tanymaghan son, Múhtardy paydalanyp otyrghan sekildi.
Býkil qoghamdyq úiymdar әrtýrli partiya belsendileri men qosa últ ziyalylary bir adamnyng balasynday ymyragha kelip, biylikten talap etse, sonda ghana olarmen lauazymdy shendi-shekpendiler sanasar ma edi, kim bilsin. Al biz bolsaq, bir-birimizben til tabysa almay jatyrmyz. Osy qúryltayda Aydos Sarym, Múhtar Tayjan, Rasul Júmaly, Smaghúl Elubay, Sofy Smataev, Janbolat Mamay, Jarmahan Túyaqbay, Bolat Ábilov, Ámirjan Qosanov, Gýljan Eraliyeva, Ázimbay Ghalilar boy kórsetpepti. Áli kýni bir qazaqtyng balasy bolghanymyzgha qaramastan, jýzge, rugha, atagha bólinip jýrmiz, Qúdayym-au. Tipti, tas dәuirining ózinde de syrttan jau kelgende ýngirding ishindegi adamdar tas-týiin bolypbirigip jaudan qorghanbap pa edi. Qazir – XXI-ghasyr, memleketti qorghaytyn arnayy әsker jabdyqtalghan. Sondyqtan bir elde túryp bólinuding mýldem qajeti joq. Azamattar dýniyetanymy men ruhany kózqarasy, sayasy ústanaymy arqyly birige bergeni abzal.
- Endi әngimeni syrt elderdegi jaghdaygha qaray búrayyq. Ukrainada biylik pen búqara halyq arasyndaghy teke-tires ushyghyp, el ýkimeti otstavkagha ketti. Oiymsha, Ukrainanyng eks-permieri Azarov azamat eken. Ózinining qyzmetten ketuin ol memleketting tútastyghymen baylanystyrdy. Odan keyin Ukrainanyng búrynghy-songhy preziydentteri jinalyp otyryp el taghydyryn oilasty. Múnyng bәrinen óziniz de qúlaghdar bolyp otyrghan shygharsyz. Sózding qysqasy, Ukrainadaghy ahualgha baylanysty ne aitasyz?
- Búl – tútastay ukrain halqynyng oyanghandyghynyng aighaghy. Kenestik sanadan aiyrylyp óz aldyna memleket bolghysy keletin elding tirligi. Ýsh aigha jalghasyp barady, premier-ministr Nikolay Azarov otstavkagha ketse de, maydangha jinalghandardyng tarqaytyn týri joq. Ukrainanyng Euroodaq tabaldyryghyn attaghaly túrghanyn estip barlyghy bir auyzdap qoldap, bolashaqta Europasha bilim alyp, ómir sýruding tiyimdiligin tilge tiyek etken bolatyn. Euroodaq kelisiminen bas tartqan biylikke ókpeleri qara qazanday.
Euroodaqtyng esigin ashyp, tabaldyryghynnan endi attaghaly túrghan resmy Kiyevke Reseyding shovinisttik pighyldaghy qazirgi biyligi qysym jasaghanyn jeti jastan jetpis jasqa deyingining bәri biledi. Áueli kәmpitterding qúramynda ziyandy zattar bar dep dabyl qatty, odan keyin gazdyng baghasyn ýsh esege kótermin dep taghy shulady. Oghan pysqyryp jatqan ukrainder joq edi. Euromaydan ukraina últynyng ertenine bey-jay qaray almaytyn, sayasy ústanymy nyq naghyz sayasatkerlerdi dayyndap berdi. Ukraina jastary kókirek kózi ashyq, sayasy jaghynan sauatty eken. V. Jirinovskiy bolsa, búl sәtti paydalanyp, «Ukrainada 48 mln-gha juyq halyq túrady, onyng 8 mln-y ghana orystar. Ukrain degen el eshqashan bolmaghan. Olar Reseyding kólenkesi ispettes. Katolikterdi Batysqa, pravoslavtardy Shyghysqa toptastyru kerek nemese Reseyge qosyp jiberuge bolady» dep arandatushylyq tanytyp ýlgerdi. Búl tartystyng sony nemen ayaqtalatyny uaqyttyng enshisinde. Negizi, ukrainder jenisine senimim mol, týpting týbinde jenetinine kýmәnim joq. Óitkeni, ruhy asqaq elding әrqashan degenine jetetinin aqsaqal tarih san-myng ret dәleldegen bolatyn.
- Ukraina halqy Euroodaqqa úmtylsa, biz aladghy sәuir aiynyng 17-sinde Euraziyalyq odaqqa qol qoyghaly jatyrmyz Naqtylay aitsaq, ýsh elding preziydentteri Mәskeude bas qosyp Euraziyalyq odaqty jariya etpek. Onyng sony bir parlament, bir valuta boluy da mýmkin degen boljamdar bar.
- Kedendik odaqtyng aqyry, Euraziyalyq odaqqa alyp keletinin sezgenbiz. Óitkeni, Reseyding maqsaty – Qazaqstan men Belorussiyany óz uysynan shygharyp almau. Reseyding pighyly belgili – sol bayaghy Sovet odaghyna úqsaghan imperiya qúru, ony ózderi ashyq aityp ta jýr, ansaydy, armandaydy jymysqy sayasatyn jýrgizgisi keledi. Bizding basshylardyng solardy qoldaytyndyqtaryn eki dýniyede de týsine almaytyn shygharmyn. Euraziyalyq odaq degenimiz – ózing qazghan orgha ózing sekirumen teng degen sóz. Nege olar (әsirese, orystar) Nazarbaevtyng Týrkiyany da odaqqa qosayyq degen úsynysyn esty sala at-tondaryn ala qashty. Óitkeni, Reseyge Týrkiya sekildi bәsekeles kerek emes. Abyroyy asqaq el tómendegisi joq. Ózinen tómen elge doq kórsetip túru ghana Reseyding qolynan keledi. Ózinen joghary AQSh-qa, Europanyng elderine nemese Japoniyagha ol әdisi jýrmeydi.
Resey Belorussiyagha nemese Ukrainagha odaq bolamyz dese, tili de, dini de shekarasy da barlyq jaghynan kelip túr. Al bizge ne joq, ýsh qaynasa sorpamyz qosylmaydy. Biz odaq bolsaq, ózimizge jaqyn aghayyndar: qyrghyz, ózbek, týrkimen, әzirbayjan, týriktermen jarasady. Tilmashsyz bir-birimizdi týsinemiz, dinimiz músylman, shekaramyz tiyip túr. Nege biz geosayasy jaghynan da tiyimdi qarym-qatynastardan qashamyz? Óitkeni bizding el basqaryp otyrghan sheneunikter qúldyq sanadan arylmaghan. Qúldyq qamtyn kiygen, oryssyz ómir sýrudi kóz aldyna elestete almaytyn sorlylar otyrghanda bizding tegi bir tuys eldermen jaqyn baylanysta boluymyz mýmkin emes.Biyliktegilerding deni qazaqsha bilmeytin ruhsyz bolghannan son, erteng balalarynyng bolashaghyna alandap orysshadan aiyrylmay otyr. Olardyng boyynda ýrey bar, erteng el basyna qazaqtildi basshy kelse, barlyq memlekettik iygilikterden qúr qalamyz dep oilaydy. Olargha salsan,«lәbbay, taqsyr» degennen әri aspaydy. Aqsha men lauazymdy qyzmet bersen, shaytannyng da odaghyna kirip ketedi. Euraziyalyq odaq qazaqqa jaqsylyq әkeledi dep óz basym oilamaymyn. Endi qazaq tәuelsizdiginen aiyrylsa, ony qaytadan qalpyna keltirudi oilaudyng ózi qorqynyshty.
- Onyng ýstine ishiki jaghdayymyz da ala-qúla bolyp bara jatqan joq pa? Mәjilis deputaty Baqytbek Smaghúldyng Parlament qabyrghasynda diny birlestikterding ushyghyp bara jatqandyghy turaly dabyl qaqqanyn estigen shygharsyz?
- Rasynda keyingi uaqytta diny aghymdardyng shamadan tys erkinsip bara jatqandyghy oilanarlyq jayt. Áriyne, biz zayyrly memlekette ómir sýrgennen keyin әrkim ózi biledi, qay dindi ústaymyn dese de óz erki. Biraq biz 70-80 payyzy músylman bolyp tabylatyn elde túramyz, ata-babamyzdan kele jatqan sara jolymyz bar. Ol joldan auytqymauymyz kerek.
Din adamnyng sanasynan tys dýniye. Adamnyng ishki jandýniyesin tazartu ýshin, hayuan bolmauyýshin, iman әr adamnyng jýreginde boluy kerek. Sodan keyin baryp, Alladan ýmit kýtip jýresin. Bizding keybir shalasauat imamdarymyz meshitke baryp pitir-sadaqandy berip, Mekke men Mәdiynege qajylyqqa baryp kelsen, dúgha oqysang músylmandyq paryzyng oryndaldy dep oilaydy, men onymen mýldem kelispeymin.
Barlyq rәsimderin búljytpay oryndap, kýndiz bes uaqyt namazyn oqyp, kisige qiyanat jasasa, jala jauyp, ósek-ghaybatty bortasa, týnde adam óltirse, nemese monshada qyzdarmen zina jasasa, onday adamgha qaraghanda, Qúdaygha qúlshylyqqa uaqytty joq, jýregi taza, bireuding ala jibin attamaytyn, eshkimge qiyanat jasamaytyn adam Allagha bir taban jaqyn dep oilaymyn. Kezinde Europany Vatikan katolik dinimen alaqanynda ústaghan uaqytta, Osman iymeriyasyna salyq tólep túrdy, keyin din óz aldyna bólingen son, ghylym men tehnika sharyqtap damydy. Dindi memleketting isterine aralastyrmaghan dúrys, óitkeni ol memleketting damuyna kedergi keltiredi. Músylman elderindegi qaqtyghystardan nege sabaq almaymyz? Osyny da myqtap oilaghan jón.
- Al, endi, agha, sizding shygharmashylyq әleminizge keleyik. Dәstýrli súraq: ne jazyp jýrsiz?
- «Ólara» romanymnyng ekinshi tomyn jazyp qoyyp edim. Odan keyin «Kórshi» degen әngime bastap qoydym. Alla ómir berse, bir jylda jazyp shyghamyn. «Ólarany» ayaqtap tastaymyn degen josparym bar. Barlyghy uaqyttyng enshisinde. Oy kóp, biraq, onyng jýzege asu jaghy taghy bar. Adam adam bolghannan son, jospar qúrmay otyra almaysyn. Ádebiyet te ómir sekildi kýres. Bireudi bireu qoldaydy, bireudi qoldamaydy, jatqan qarama-qayshylyqtar. Kezinde Asqar Sýleymenov aityp edi, «bylay da my ashyp jýrgen qazaqtyng miyna mipalau jasaudyng qajeti joq» dep. Sol sózding orayyna keltirip oiymdy myna bir mysalmen týiindeyin. 1978 jyly adamgershiligi mol Islambek Taukenov degen azamat meni kóshede kezdestirip qalyp: «Tólen agha, sizding spektaklinizdi kórip, kir jughysh mashinadan shyqqanday tazaryp kele jatyrmyz» degeni әli esimde. Shyn әdebiyet te solay – adamnyng janyn móldir sugha shomyldyrghanday әser etui qajet.
Súhbattasqan – JúmamúratShәmshi, tary hghylymdarynyng kandidaty
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