2025 jylghy qazanda Saud Arabiyasy, Katar jәne TýrkiyanynAughanstan deldaldyghymen jasalghan bitimgershilik úzaq jalghaspay, Aughanstan men Pәkistan arasyndaghy qaqtyghystyng kezekti kezeni bastaldy. Álemning týpkir-týkirinen kelip týsip jatqan songhy janalyqtargha qaraghanda, búl joly ótken jyldyng kýzimen salystyrghanda qaza tapqandar kóp. Pәkistan men Aughanstanda ne bolyp jatyr, nelikten taraptar soghysty bastady jәne kim kýshti? degen saualdar talyqalanuda,

Pәkistan men Aughanstannyng shekaralyq qaqtyghysy kezinde әperimdep qol jetkizilgen bitimgerlikten tórt ay ótkennen keyin jana kýshpen, jana dýmpuli ekpinmen qayta bastaldy. Aughanstannyng Pәkistanmen shekarasyndaghy úrys qimyldarynyng qarqyndylyghy, sonday-aq Iran tóniregindegi daghdaryspen baylanysty shiyelenis Aughanstandaghy gumanitarlyq ahualdyng nasharlauyna әkeldi, dep habarlaydy BÚÚ Dýniyejýzilik azyq-týlik baghdarlamasy (ÚQJ).

«Úzyndyghy shamamen 2400 shaqyrymdy qúraytyn Pәkistanmen shekaradaghy qaqtyghystar Aughanstannyng shyghys, ontýstik-shyghys jәne ontýstik ónirlerinde shamamen 20 myng otbasynyng oryn auystyruyna әkeldi», - delingen BÚÚ saytynda.

Jerdegi jәne auadaghy soqqylar Aughanstannyng Nangarhar, Núristan, Qúnar, Lagman, Paktika, Paktiya, Host, Qandagar jәne Gilimend provinsiyalaryndaghy 30-dan astam audandy qamtydy. Barlyq osy provinsiyalarda ÚQJ әleumettik qoldau sharalaryn, mekteptegi tamaqtanu baghdarlamalaryn jәne halyq ýshin kýnkóris qarajatyn qamtamasyz etu jónindegi jobalardy uaqytsha toqtatugha mәjbýr boldy.

Músylmannyng eki qoshqarynyng basy bir qazangha syimaytynday qasiyeti Ramazan aiynda ne boldy?

Pәkistan «Talibannyn» jalpy shekara boyyndaghy pәkistandyq әskery pozisiyalargha shabuylynan keyin ghana baryp, Aughanstangha shabuyl jasady. Óz kezeginde Pәkistan demalys kýnderi Aughanstannyng Nangarhar jәne Paktika provinsiyalaryna әue shabuylyn jasaghannan keyin Taliban batyl әskery qimyldargha bel sheshe kiristi.

Dәl qazir ne belgili?

Durand syzyghy boyynda Aughanstan men Pәkistan arasynda qaqtyghys boldy. Búl turaly «Seda-e Afgan» әskery Telegram-arnasy habarlady, dep habarlady.

"Host provinsiyasynyng Alishir uezinde maydannyng barlyq jelisi boyynsha qatal úrystar jalghasuda. Host provinsiyasy gubernatorynyng baspasóz hatshysy Mústaghfar Garbaz Álisher uezi manynda pәkistandyq malishalardyng (shekara manyndaghy әskeriylerding qaruly qúralymdary) jol tosqauyldarynda qatty qaqtyghys oryn alghanyn habarlaydy", - delingen habarlamada.

Garbazdyng aituynsha, pәkistandyq әskeriyler aughan әskerlerining qarsy shabuyldaryn qaytara almady, nәtiyjesinde olardyng Dabaghy audanyndaghy Durand syzyghyna jaqyn mandaghy eki beketi basyp alyndy.

Nege Aughanstan men Pәkistan úrys qimyldaryn bastady?

Pәkistan men Aughanstannyng soghysuynyng sebebi - 2007 jyly Pәkistan-Aughanstan shekarasynda әreket etken lankestik toptardyng qaldyqtarynan qúrylghan «Tehriyk-e Taliban Pәkistan» nemese Pәkistannyng «Taliban» әskeriylendirilgen tobyna qatysty tuyndady. BÚÚ, AQSh, Úlybritaniya, Kanada, Pәkistan, Bahreyn, Birikken Arab Ámirlikteri jәne basqa da elder terroristik dep tanyghan radikaldy jauyngerlik úiym pushtun aumaqtaryn pәkistandyq basqarudan bosatugha úmtylyp, kóp jyldar boyy Pәkistannyng qauipsizdik kýshterine shabuyl jasap keledi. 2025 jyly TTP býkil Pәkistan boyynsha  700-ge juyq shabuyl jasady. Sonyng ishinde, eldi dýrliktirgeni  2025 jyldyng qarashasynda Islamabadta jankeshti jarghan bombadan 12 adam qaza tapty. Ótken jyly sodyrlardyng әreketterinen mynnan astam pәkistandyq  qaza tapty. Pәkistan Aughanstandy TTP terroristerin óz elinde qorghashtay jasyryp, olardy qoltyghynan demep, shabynan týrtip, Pәkistangha aughan aumaghynan shabuyl jasaugha mýmkindik berip otyr dep aiyptaydy. Pәkistan premier-ministri Shahbaz Sharif elimiz aughan talipteri rejiymining qasaqana әreketterine tózbedi hәm  ózin kez kelgen agressiyadan qalay qorghaudy biledi dep mәlimdedi.

Aughanstan men Pәkistannyng qaqtyghysy qayda aumaqtarda jýrip jatyr?

Pәkistannyng qarsy jauaby qarsanynda Aughanstan jalpy shekaradaghy úzyndyghy 2600 kilometrden asatyn, is jýzinde ara jigi aiqyndalmaghan Durand jelisindegi pәkistannyng әskery pozisiyalaryna shabuyl jasady. Aughanstan tarapy 1894 jyly britandyqtar aiqyndaghan shekarany moyyndamaydy, ol naghyz shekara odan da ary - Ind ózeni arqyly (shamamen Pәkistan aumaghynyng ortasynan) ótedi dep mәlimdeydi.

Ontýstik Aziyadaghy kórshiles eki memlekettin, yaghni, Aughanstan men Pәkistan arasyndaghy qarym-qatynas shekara men pushtun mәselesine qatysty ashan da kýrdeli bolyp qalyp keledi. Naqtylap atap aitqanda, Aughanstan,  pushtundardyng jeke memleket qúruyn nemese pәkistan aumaghyndaghy  avtonomiyasyn talap etti.

1950-jyldardyng basynda aughan qaruly qúralymdary Pәkistangha aumaghynyng bir bóligin basyp alu ýshin basa kóktep kirdi, oghan jauap retinde Islamabad Kabulmen diplomatiyalyq qarym-qatynasyn birjolata ýzdi.

1990-shy jyldardyng basynda Pәkistan aughandyq «Talbiandy» qúrugha belsene kómektesti jәne qozghalystyng kóptegen kóshbasshylary Aughanstandy amerikalyq basyp alu kezinde Pәkistanda boy tasalap jasyrynghan edi.

2000 jyldardyng basynda aughan «Talibanynyn» Durand jelisin tanyghysy kelmeuinen elder arasyndaghy qarym-qatynas taghy da kýrt nasharlady.

2021 jyly Aughanstandaghy «Talibannyn» biylikke oraluymen memleketter arasyndaghy qarym-qatynas taghy da mýldem shiyelenesti.. Pәkistan Aughanstandy óz aumaghynan әreket etetin pәkistandyq «Talibandy» toqtatu ýshin eshtene istemeydi dep aiyptaydy.

Kim kýshti - Aughanstan ba, Pәkistan ba?

Pәkistannyng qaruly kýshteri aughan kýshterinen әldeqayda kýshtirek jәne úiymdasqan qosyn dep sanalady. Pәkistan - keng auqymdy zymyran arsenalyna, aitarlyqtay mólsherde әskery úshaqtar men korabliderge, sonday-aq yadrolyq qarugha ie el. Aughanstan, óz kezeginde, deldaldar arqyly úrys qimyldaryn jýrgizu taktikasynda, partizan soghysyn jýrgizude, sonday-aq sarqylugha arnalghan soghysta basymdyqqa ie boldy. Ázirge eki elding әskery qyzmetshileri arasyndaghy qaqtyghystar tek shekarada ghana jýrip jatyr, biraq Pәkistan Aughanstan aumaghyna kirui mýmkin, al Aughanstan Pәkistan ishindegi shabuyldardy óz ynghayyna oray ýilestirui mýmkin.

Pәkistan Aughanstannan ne qalaydy?

Pәkistannyng aqparat ministri Ataulla Tarar baspasóz konferensiyasynda aughan ýkimeti zansyz biylik jәne aughandyqtardyn, sonyng ishinde әielder men balalardyng negizgi qúqyqtaryn búzatynyn memleket bolp tabylady dep mәlimdedi. Ári aughan rejiymi lankesterdi qoldaytynyn atap ótti. Óz kezeginde Pәkistan Senaty (parlamentting jogharghy palatasy) aughan talibterin «barlyq dúshpandyq әreketterdi dereu toqtatugha jәne beybit ómir sýru jónindegi halyqaralyq mindettemelerdi saqtaugha» shaqyratyn rezolusiya qabyldady. Basqasha aitqanda, Pәkistan Aughanstannyng TTP-ny qoldaudy toqtatuyn, sonday-aq ony joy mәselesi boyynsha yntymaqtasuyn qalaydy. Aughanstan óz kezeginde Pәkistannan óz aumaghyna shabuyl jasaudy toqtatudy talap etip otyr.

Ýndistannyng búghan ne qatysy bar ma?

Aymaqtaghy kóptegen elder, sonday-aq BÚÚ Pәkistan men Aughanstan arasyndaghy әskery is-qimyldardy taraptardyng eshqaysysyn qaqtyghys tudyrdy dep ashyq aiyptamay, toqtatugha shaqyrady. Al Pәkistannyng ónirdegi búrynnan kele jatqan qarsylasy Ýndistan Islamabadty Aughanstangha shabuyl jasady dep aiyptasa, Pәkistanda qarap qalmay, óz kezeginde Aughanstandy Ýndistannyng «deldaly» dep ataydy. Niu-Deliydi Kabul arqyly Islamabadpen qaqtyghysty qoldaugha niyetti dep aiyptaydy. Ýndistan men Aughanstan Talibannyng biylikke keluinen bir jyl ótken song jaqyndasa bastady, býginde elder bir-birin seriktes dep esepteydi.

Aughanstan men Pәkistan kelisimge kele ala ma?

Pәkistan men Aughanstan arasyndaghy 270-ten astam aughan azamaty men 40 pәkistandyq qaza tapqan qazirgi qaqtyghys diplomatiyanyng kómegimen sheshiletin shyghar, sebebi taraptar úzaq әskery qarsylasugha dayyn emes: Aughanstannyng qajetti әskery mýmkindikteri joq, al Pәkistan aughan qalalaryna shabuyl jasau arqyly terroristik úyashyqtardy joigha qol jetkize almaydy. Degenmen, әzirge eki el de bir-birine qarsy әreketterge batyldyqpen baryp otyr. Ári olardyng qaruly kýshteri joghary jauyngerlik әzirlikte saqaday say túr.

Ábil-Serik Áliakbar

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