Kirispe

Qazaq emshiligi — halqymyzdyng ghasyrlar boyy jinalghan óte bay, qúndy tәjiriybesine jәne ghylymy túrghydan jinaqtalghan jýiesine negizdelgen, zertteuge túrarlyq dәstýrli medisina jýiesi. Ol tabighy faktorlargha, dәrilik ósimdikterge, januar tektes dәrilerge jәne fizikalyq emdeu әdisterine sýienedi. Qazirgi tanda búl sala halyq (etno) medisinasymen biriktirilgen (integrativti) medisinanyng manyzdy obektisi retinde qarastyryluda.

Osy dәstýrli tanymmen úshtasyp jatqan qazirgi zamanghy manyzdy ghylym salalarynyng biri — taghamtanu ghylymy. Taghamtanu ghylymy — adam aghzasynyng dúrys qyzmet etui ýshin qajetti taghamdyq zattardyng qúramyn, olardyng sinu barysyn jәne densaulyqqa әserin zertteydi. Qazirgi qoghamda dúrys tamaqtanu mәselesi erekshe mәnge ie bolyp otyr, sebebi ómir saltynyng ózgerui, qorshaghan ortanyng lastanuy jәne dayyn taghamdardyng kóbengi adam densaulyghyna tikeley yqpal etude. Sondyqtan últtyq emshilik pen taghamtanu qaghidalaryn ghylymy túrghyda biriktire zertteu — adamnyng úzaq әri sapaly ómir sýruining negizi bolyp tabylady.

Qazaq emshiligining tarihy damuy men әleumettik negizi

Qazaq emshiligining týp-tamyry kóshpeli ómir saltymen tyghyz baylanysty. Mal sharuashylyghy men tabighatpen etene ómir sýru halyqtyng aurudy emdeude tabighy baylyqtardy keninen qoldanuyna mýmkindik berdi. Emshilik tәjiriybesi úrpaqtan-úrpaqqa auyzsha jәne tәjiriybelik týrde berilip otyrdy.

Búl jýiede emshiler (tәuipter, baqsylar, synyqshylar, dәri-shóp tanushylar jәne bala emdeushi әjeler) tek emdeumen ghana emes, sonymen qatar aurudyng aldyn alu, densaulyqty saqtau mәselelerimen de ainalysqan. Olardyng tәjiriybesining ishinde rasynda paydaly nәrseler óte kóp.

Dәstýrli emdeu әdisterining jýiesi

Qazaq  emshiliginde  adam  aghzasyn  sauyqtyrudyng kóptegen әdisteri men tәsilderi qalyptasqan. Olardy negizgi tórt baghytqa bólip qarastyrugha bolady:

Dәrilik ósimdiktermen emdeu (fitoterapiya)

Qazaq emshiliginde keng qoldanylghan basty baghyttardyng biri — dәrilik ósimdiktermen (shóptermen) emdeu. Halyq arasynda emdik qasiyeti joghary shópter myna arnauly aurulargha qoldanylghan:

Jusan — as qorytu jýiesine;

Jalbyz — tynyshtandyrugha;

Qalaqay — qan toqtatugha;

Itmúryn — immuniytetti kýsheytuge.

Januar tektes emdik qúraldar jәne taghammen emdeu

Mal sharuashylyq ónimderi qazaq emshiligi men sauyqtyru jýiesinde manyzdy oryn alghan:

Qymyz — as qorytu men immuniytetke;

Shúbat — ókpe aurularyna;

Qoydyng qúiryq mayy — suyq tii men teri aurularyna qoldanylghan.

Fizikalyq emdeu әdisteri

Búl baghytta adamnyng dene bitimi men fiziologiyalyq erekshelikterine tikeley әser etu әdisteri qoldanylady:

Synyqshylyq (sýiek salu, synyq salu halyq arasynda otashy delinedi);

Sipap-sipau, tarap emdeu (massaj);

Tamyr ústau jәne ystyq-suyqty retteu;

Qan alu (hidjamagha úqsas әdister);

Bulau jәne ystyq basu.

Ruhany jәne psihologiyalyq em

Baqsylyq dәstýrinde adamnyng psihoemosionaldyq jaghdayyn retteu manyzdy oryn alghan. Búl әdister qazirgi psihoterapiya elementterimen úqsastyq kórsetedi.

Taghamtanu ghylymynyng mәni, mindetteri jәne qorektik zattar әleumeti

Taghamtanu ghylymynyng negizgi maqsaty — adam aghzasyna qajetti qorektik zattardyng mólsherin anyqtap, olardy tiyimdi paydalanu joldaryn úsynu. Búl ghylym kelesi mindetterdi qamtidy:

Tagham qúramyndaghy aq uyz, may, kómirsu, dәrumender men miyneraldardyng rólin anyqtau;

Taghamnyng aghzada qorytylu jәne sinu barysyn zertteu;

Ár týrli jas ereksheligine sәikes tamaqtanu tәrtibin belgileu;

Aurulardyng aldyn alu maqsatynda dúrys tamaqtanu ýlgilerin úsynu.

Adam aghzasyna qajetti negizgi qorektik zattar men olardyng atqaratyn manyzdy qyzmetteri mynaday:

Aq uyzdar — jasushalardyng negizgi qúrylys materialy. Olar búlshyq et, teri, qan qúramyn qalyptastyruda manyzdy ról atqarady.

Maylar — energiya kózi jәne aghzany suyqtan qorghaytyn qabat qyzmetin atqarady. Sonymen qatar, mayda eriytin dәrumenderding sinuine kómektesedi.

Kómirsular — aghzanyng basty quat kózi. Olar kýndelikti qozghalys pen oy enbegine qajetti energiya beredi.

Dәrumender men miyneraldar — aghzanyng qalypty qyzmetin qamtamasyz etetin manyzdy zattar. Olar immundyq jýieni nyghaytyp, týrli aurulardyng aldyn alady.

Dúrys tamaqtanu qaghidalary jәne aurulardyng aldyn alu

Dúrys tamaqtanu — densaulyqty saqtaudyng negizgi sharty. Onyng basty qaghidalary mynalar:

Taghamnyng qúnarlylyghy men әrtýrliligi;

Tamaqtanu tәrtibin saqtau; artyq tamaqtanbau; tabighy jәne sapaly ónimderdi tandau;

Túz ben qant mólsherin shekteu.

Taghamtanu jәne dúrys tengerimdi tamaqtanu kóptegen aurulardyng aldyn alugha mýmkindik beredi. Zertteuler kórsetkendey:

Artyq mayly taghamdar jýrek-qan tamyrlary aurularyna әkelui mýmkin;

Qantty kóp tútynu qant auruynyng payda boluyna yqpal etedi;

Dәrumenderding jetispeui immuniytetting әlsireuine sebep bolady.

Sondyqtan tengerimdi tamaqtanu arqyly adam óz densaulyghyn úzaq uaqyt saqtay alady.

Qazirgi ghylymy kózqaras jәne damytu joldary

Qazirgi medisina qazaq emshiligining keybir elementterin zertteu obektisi retinde qarastyrady. Ásirese dәrilik ósimdikterding farmakologiyalyq qasiyetteri ghylymy týrde dәleldenip keledi. Sonymen qatar úshtastyrylghan (integrativti) medisinada dәstýrli әdister qosymsha em (terapiya) retinde qoldanyluda.

Biraq ony zamangha say damytu ýshin tek «ata-babadan qalghan» deumen shektelmey, ghylymy jolmen zertteu kerek. Sebebi halyq emshilerining tәjiriybesining ishinde paydaly nәrselermen birge, keybiri ghylymy dәlelsiz boluy mýmkin. Sondyqtan bәrin tekserip, paydalysyn saqtau manyzdy.

Qazaq emshiligi men taghamtanu ghylymy: dәstýrli medisinanyng ghylymiy-tújyrymdamalyq negizderi jәne ony ghylymmen úshtastyru joldary

Qazaq emshiligi men taghamtanu ghylymy — adamnyng úzaq, sapaly ómir sýruining jәne densaulyqty saqtaudyng basty kepili bolyp tabylady. Dúrys tamaqtanu men halyqtyng ómirlik tәjiriybesine negizdelgen mәdeny jәne medisinalyq qúndylyqtar tek aurulardyng aldyn alyp qana qoymay, jalpy ómir sapasyn arttyrady. Onyng keybir elementteri qazirgi ghylymy medisinamen ýilesip, jana zertteu baghyttaryna jol ashuda.

Alayda, qazaq emshiligin damytu ýshin eng aldymen ony retsiz әngime emes, bilim men zertteuge sýiengen salagha ainaldyru kerek. Halyqqa shyn paydaly boluy ýshin onyng qauipsizdigi, paydasy jәne qoldanu joly anyq boluy manyzdy. Osy túrghydan alghanda, dәstýrli bilim men zamanauy ghylymdy qarsy qoymay, ekeuin birge damytu — negizgi maqsat. Sondyqtan әrbir adam óz densaulyghyna jauapkershilikpen qarap, kýndelikti tagham qúramy men sauyqtyru sharalaryn ghylymy negizde úiymdastyruy tiyis.

Salany jýieli damytu jәne ghylymy negizdeu sharalary

Búl salany jýieli týrde ilgeriletu, zamanauy ghylymmen sabaqtastyru jәne halyq arasyndaghy emdik tәjiriybelerdi ghylymy sýzgiden ótkizu ýshin mynaday naqty ister qajet:

Zerthanalyq zertteuler men dәleldemeler: emdik ósimdikter men hayuanat mýshelerining qasiyetin zerthanada arnayy tekseru; qay shópting nemese hayuanat mýshesining naqty qanday aurugha jәne nege kómektesetinin ghylymy týrde dәleldeu; sonymen birge olardyng uly jәne ziyandy jaqtaryn, jaghymsyz әserlerin ajyratyp anyqtau.

Dәstýrli múralardy hattau: halyq emshilerinin, onyng ishinde auyldaghy tәjiriybeli mamandardyng ghasyrlar boyghy emdik bilimi men tәjiriybesin týgel jinap, jazyp alu, halyq ortaq baylyqtan iygiliktenui kerek.

Terminologiyany qalyptastyru: qazaqsha jýieli medisinalyq ataulardy kóbeytu, jýieli arnagha salu jәne arnayy bir izge týsiru.

Bilimdik infraqúrylym: jas mamandargha dәstýrli em turaly oqu baghdarlamalaryn engizu, arnayy kitaptar men oqu qúraldaryn shygharu. Dәstýrli emdi zamanauy medisinamen teke-tires qoymay, birge qarastyru.

Óndiristik quattardy arttyru: dәrilik shópterdi jýieli ósiretin arnayy baqtar ashu jәne osy dәrilik ósimdikterdi shiykizat retinde óndeytin arnayy óndiris oryndaryn qúru jәne odan paydalanyp sharuashylyq qún jaratu.

Baqylau jәne zandastyru: synyqshylyq, uqalau (massaj) jәne shóppen emdeu siyaqty negizgi baghyttardy resmy zandastyru, olardyng qauipsiz em týrlerine arnayy rúqsat beru jәne ótirik, jalghan emshilerden ajyratatyn zang men baqylaudy barynsha kýsheytu.

Memlekettik qoldau jәne retteu tetikteri

Memleket tarapynan búl salany jan-jaqty ilgeriletu men jýieleu ýshin mynaday baghyttarda jetekshilik pen jón silteu júmystary jýrgizilui tiyis:

Ghylym jәne bilim ortalyqtary: arnayy zertteu ortalyqtaryn ashu jәne joghary oqu oryndary men uniyversiytetterde dәstýrli medisina bólimin barynsha kóbeytu.

Oqu-tәrbie jýiesi: dәstýrli em turaly arnayy mektep pen tәrbiyeleu ortalyqtaryn ashu, oghan qajetti kitaptar men oqu qúraldaryn memleket jaghynan arnayy basyp shygharu jәne jas mamandardy oqytu isine qoldau kórsetu.

Sifrlandyru jәne arhiyv: halyq arasyndaghy qúndy mәlimetterdi, emdik tәsilder men auyldaghy tәjiribeli emshilerding bilimin arhivtep, týgeldey sifrlandyrugha kóshiru.

Tildik jәne qúqyqtyq qoldau: qazaq tilindegi medisina ghylymyn qoldau, qazaqsha kitaptardy kóbeytu; qauipsiz dep tanylghan em týrlerine resmy rúqsat berumen qamtamasyz etu jәne halyqty aldaytyn jalghan emshilerge baqylau tetikterin kýsheytu.

Búl salany jan-jaqty ilgeriletu ýshin eng keregi: últtyq bilimdi ghylymmen tyghyz úshtastyru, taza qazaq tilinde sapaly medisinalyq kitaptar jazu jәne zertteu ortalyqtarynyng jelisin kóbeytu bolyp tabylady.

Dәstýrli bilim qaynarlaryn zamanauy ghylymnyng jetistikterimen qarsy qoymay, birge qarastyrghanda ghana, qazaq emshiligi retsiz әngime dengeyinen shyghyp, halyqqa shyn paydasyn tiygizetin, qauipsizdigi men paydasy dәleldengen joghary ghylymy dengeyge kóteriledi.

Baqytbek Múhamadiyaúly

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