Atyrau oblysyna júmys sapary barysynda QR Mәdeniyet jәne sport ministri Arystanbek Múhamediyúly Sarayshyq qalashyghyn saqtau mәselesi boyynsha keneytilgen otyrys ótkizdi, - dep habarlaydy ministrlikting baspasóz qyzmeti. 

Sarayshyq qazaq dalasyndaghy eng kóne tarihy oryndardyng biri sanalady. Tarihshy ghalymdar onyng payda boluyn XIII ghasyrda, yaghny Shynghys han men Batudyng jasaghan shapqynshylyghymen baylanystyrady. Ázirge belgili bolghan derekterge sýiensek, búl oryn turaly jazba mәlimetter XIV ghasyrdyng alghashqy jartysynan bastalady da, olarda Sarayshyq gýldengen qolóneri men sauda qalasy bolghandyghy aitylady.

Sarayshyq turaly alghashqy jazba derek qaldyrghan arabtyng belgili geograf-ghalymy, sayahatshysy Ibn-Batuta. Ol ózining sayahattarynyng birinde, 1334 jyly «Ýlken Saray» qalasynan shyghyp (Saray-Berke - Altyn Ordanyng astanasy), Aziyagha jasaghan saparynda Sarayshyq qalasynda bolghan. Búl jóninde ol: «Biz Sarayshyq qalasynan at jekken arbamen on kýn jol jýrip, Sarayjýk qalasyna jettik. Búl «Úlysu dep atalatyn» ýlken, teren, aghysy qatty ózenning jaghasyndaghy gýldengen әsem qala eken jәne dýnie jýzindegi Baghdattan keyingi ekinshi jýzbeli kópir osynda eken» deydi.

Búdan Sarayshyqtyng sol zamandaghy dýniyejýzindegi eng manyzdy qalalardyng biri bolghanyn angharamyz. Demek ministrlikting búl mәselege nazar audaruy quanarlyq jaghday.

Sarayshyq mәselesin talqylaghan keneytilgen otyrysty Atyrau oblysynyng әkimi Núrlan Noghaev ashty. Otyrysqa deputattar, tanymal qogham qayratkerleri, jergilikti atqarushy biylik ókilderi, jetekshi tarihshylar men arheologtar, atap aitqanda QR Parlamenti Senatynyng deputaty Sәrsenbay Ensegenov, ghalymdar Zeynolla Samashev, Karl Baypaqov, Býrkitbay Ayaghan, Bereket Kәribaev, filosof Gharifolla Esim, ziyaly qauym ókilderi Esenghaly Raushanov, Mereke Qúlkenov jәne t.b. qatysty.

Talqylauda Atyrau qalasynan 55 shaqyrym jerdegi Jayyq ózenining ong jaghasynda ornalasqan kóne Sarayshyq qalashyghyn qalay saqtau mәselesine arnaldy. 

Eskertkishting qújatyna sәikes, onyng audany 100 ga. qúraydy, alayda eskertkishting aumaghy Jayyq (Oral) ózeni shayynyng әserinen jyldan jylgha azayyp keledi. Qazirgi tanda qalashyqtyng basym bóligi Jayyq (Oral) ózenining әserinen búzylghan. 

Atyrau oblysynyng әkimdigi 2013 jyly QR Ýkimetining tapsyrmasyna sәikes  qúrylghan «Sarayshyq» qalashyghyn saqtap qalu mәselesin talqylau jónindegi vedomstvoaralyq komissiya sheshimi boyynsha Jayyq ózenining jaghalauyn bekitu boyynsha júmystardy jýzege asyrghan.

Sarayshyq qalashyghyn saqtap qalu mәselesine qatysty keneytilgen keneste atalmysh mәselege jýieli, birizdi qarau esebimen biregey tarihy eskerkertkishti saqtaudyng aldaghy qabyldanatyn sharalary talqylandy.

Otyrys barysynda QR Mәdeniyet jәne sport ministri Arystanbek Múhamediyúly vedomstvanyng respublika aumaghynda tarihy jәne mәdeniyet eskertkishterin saqtap qalu boyynsha maqsatty júmys jýrgizip jatqandyghyn atap ótti. Qazirgi tanda Qazaqstanda 220 tarih jәne mәdeniyet, arheologiya, arhiytektura jәne monumentaldyq óner eskertkishteri bar.    

Arystanbek Múhamediyúly, ministr:

- Bizding basty maqsatymyz – kóne Sarayshyq qalashyghynyng tabighy búzyluyn toqtatu. Biz búl biregey mәdeny eskertkishti saqtap qalyp, bolashaq óskeleng úrpaqqa tabystau ýshin bar kýshimizdi saluymyz qajet. Búl jerde әkimdikke jaghalaudy bekitu júmystary boyynsha qabyldanghan sharalar ýshin alghysymdy bildirgim keledi. Bekitu júmystaryn jýrgizgennen keyin arheologiyalyq zertteuler óz jalghasyn tabatyn bolady. Arheologiyalyq qazbalardan keyin birden restavrasiyalyq júmystargha kóshetin bolamyz.

Jogharyda atalghanday, Mәdeniyet jәne sport ministrligi kóne Sarayshyq qalashyghynda ghylymiy-restavrasiyalyq jәne konservasiyalau júmystaryn jýrgizudi josparlap otyr. Sonday-aq, búl jerde turisterdi tartu ýshin kóne Taraz qalashyghy ýlgisinde ashyq aspan astynda muzey ashu qolgha alynatyn bolady. 

Jalpy, alghanda Sarayshyq aspan asty muzeyge ainaldyrugha tartyrmaytyn oryn. Sarayshyq qalashyghy ornalasqan 100 ga jer qazaqtyng ótkeninen syr shertedi, XIII-XVI ghasyrlargha tәn jәdigerdi tarihiy-mәdeny ortalyqqa ainaldyryp, turisterdi tartugha әbden bolady.

Osyghan deyingi arheologiyalyq zertteuler nәtiyjesinde Sarayshyqtan Shyghys pen Batystyng ortaghasyrlyq órkeniyetti ortalyqtarmen sauda-ekonomikalyq jәne mәdeny baylanysy turaly aqparat beretin jәne Altyn Orda dәuirining qalalyq mәdeniyetining bay materialdary tabylghan. Ol materialdyng әrqaysysy jәdiger retinde aspan asty muzeyine qoyylsa, úrpaqqa ónege bolary aqiqat.

Arheologiyalyq zertteu barysynda qalashyqta numizmatikalyq materialdardan basqa qalalyqtardyng kóptegen kýndelikti qoldanys zattary tabylghan: qyshtan jasalghan zattar (qúman, qúmshy, shyghyr, qúmyralar, kózeler, shyraqtar, týbekter, kese, piyala ) ósimdikter men zoomorfty órnekter jәne týrli arab shriftimen, sonymen birge, trapezundyq jәne qyrym amforalarynyњ bólshekteri, qytay farforynan jasalghan tabaqtyng bólikterimen bezendirilgen. Qazbalar barysynda kóptegen sýiekten, temir men qoladan jasalghan búiymdar kezdesedi. Odan basqa, ortaghasyrlyq monshanyng qaldyghy tabylyp, zertteldi. Sarayshyqta saltanatty sәuletti saraylar, keruen-saraylar, monshalar, meshit-medreseler jәne basqa da ghalamat ghimarattar salynghan. Olardy ataqty sәulet óneri mektepterinen ótken daryndy sheberler túrghyzghan qalanyng óte tamasha jobalanyp salynghan týzu de keng kósheleri men alandary bolghan. Qalanyng kelbetinen shyghystyng әseri airyqsha bayqalady. 

Qosh! Sarayshyq jóninde jazba derek qaldyrghan aghylshyn kópesi Antoniy Djenkinson (orys patshasy 6 Ivan Groznyimen dos bolghan) edi. Ol 1558-1559 jyldary Kaspiy tenizining soltýstik jәne shyghys jaghalauyna sayahat jasauy kezinde Sarayshyq qalasyna soghady. «Tenizden bir kýndik saparda ýlken ózen jaghasyndaghy gýldengen Sarayshyq degen qalagha keldik. Búl qala orys patshasymen kónildes Izmail degen tatar knyazining qol astynda eken. Shyghys pen Batysty baylanystyratyn keruen jolynyng ýstinde bolghandyqtan qolóneri men saudasy damyghan qala eken» dep jazghan.

Orta ghasyrda talaydyng tandayyn qaqtyrghan últtyq qúndylyqty Jayyqtyng suy shayyp ketuding aldynda túr. 

Ony qorghap qalu - әr qazaqtyng boryshy!

Shәriphan Qaysar

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